ELECTRICAL+CIRCUIT-atoms_ potential alictric

electricity, electric, atom, potential electricity, static electricity

1. 1 Electricity Voltage, Current, Resistance

2. 2 Electricity- the flow of electrical power or charge

3. 3 Atoms… Have neutrons , protons , and electrons . Protons are positively charged Electrons are negatively charged

4. 4 Electrons… Are located on the outer edges of atoms…they can be moved . A concentration of electrons in an atom creates a net negative charge. If electrons are stripped away, the atom becomes positively charged.

5. 5 What is this electrical potential called? Static Electricity - - - - - - - + + + + +

6. 6 Static Electricity The build up of an electric charge on the surface of an object. The charge builds up but does not flow. Static electricity is potential energy . It does not move. It is stored .

7. 7 Static Discharge… Occurs when there is a loss of static electricity due to three possible things: Friction - rubbing Conduction – direct contact Induction – through an electrical field (not direct contact)

8. 8 Electricity that moves … Current : The flow of electrons from one place to another. Measured in amperes (amps) Kinetic energy

9. How can we control currents? With circuits . Circuit : is a path for the flow of electrons. We use wires .

10. There are 2 types of currents: Direct Current (DC) – Where electrons flow in the same direction in a wire.

11. There are 2 types of currents: Alternating Current (AC) – electrons flow in different directions in a wire

12. There are 2 types of circuits: Series Circuit : the components are lined up along one path. If the circuit is broken, all components turn off.

13. Series Circuit

14. There are 2 types of circuits: Parallel Circuit – there are several branching paths to the components. If the circuit is broken at any one branch, only the components on that branch will turn off .

15. Parallel Circuit

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17. 17 Conductors vs. Insulators Conductors – material through which electric current flows easily . Insulators – materials through which electric current cannot move .

18. 18 Examples Conductors : Metal Water Insulators : Styrofoam Rubber Plastic Paper

19. RESISTOR 19 A resistor is  an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in an electronic circuit . Resistors can also be used to provide a specific voltage for an active device such as a transistor.   A resistor is a device designed to produce resistance .

20. RESISTOR 20

21. 21 What is Resistance? The opposition to the flow of an electric current, producing heat . The greater the resistance, the less current gets through. Good conductors have low resistance. Measured in ohms. (Ω).

22. 22 What Influences Resistance? Material of wire – aluminum and copper have low resistance Thickness – the thicker the wire the lower the resistance Length – shorter wire has lower resistance Temperature – lower temperature has lower resistance

23. 23 What is Voltage? The measure of energy given to the charge flowing in a circuit. The greater the voltage, the greater the force or “pressure” that drives the charge through the circuit.

24. 24 Difference b/t Volts and Amps Example – you could say that… Amps measure how much water comes out of a hose. Volts measure how hard the water comes out of a hose.

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26. OHM’S LAW 26 Ohm's law  states that the  current  through a  conductor  between two points is directly  proportional  to the  voltage  across the two points. Named after Georg Simon Ohm, a German physicist and mathematician. 

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28. Practice with Ohm’s Law Ohms Volts Amps 4 100 25 15 150 10 2 30 15 9 45 5 6 48 8

29. Ohms Volts Amps 4 240 60 12 120 10 2 50 25 8 48 6 9 72 8 29

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32. SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUIT MODEL 32