Electrical safety hazards powerpoint presentation

electrical safety ppt

1. Control of Hazardous EnergyControl of Hazardous Energy
Lockout/TagoutLockout/Tagout

2. 2
Why bother with Why bother with
lockout/tagout?lockout/tagout?
Lockout and tagout procedures areLockout and tagout procedures are
designed and implemented to protect designed and implemented to protect
you from an accidental release of you from an accidental release of
energy. energy.

3. 3
What is an “energy source?”What is an “energy source?”
Energy sources include:Energy sources include:

ElectricalElectrical

MechanicalMechanical

PneumaticPneumatic

HydraulicHydraulic

ChemicalChemical
 Thermal
 Pressurized water
or steam
 Gravity

4. 4
Hazardous EnergyHazardous Energy
Problems associated with hazardous Problems associated with hazardous
energy include:energy include:

Accidental start-upsAccidental start-ups

Electrical shockElectrical shock

Release of stored or residual energyRelease of stored or residual energy

5. 5
Control of Hazardous EnergyControl of Hazardous Energy
The following slides demonstrate The following slides demonstrate
some of the potential hazards some of the potential hazards
associated with energy sources.associated with energy sources.

6. 6
Swift justice for aSwift justice for a
Texas Shoplifter Texas Shoplifter

7. 7
Curly finds himself in Curly finds himself in
trouble (again)… trouble (again)…

8. 8
Rick Smith (as a child) Rick Smith (as a child)

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What is the difference What is the difference
between lockout and tagout?between lockout and tagout?
Lockout – a padlock and locking Lockout – a padlock and locking
device are used to physically “hold” an device are used to physically “hold” an
energy control point, such as a switch, energy control point, such as a switch,
lever or valve handle. This makes it lever or valve handle. This makes it
impossible for energy to be released.impossible for energy to be released.

10. 10
Types of lockout devicesTypes of lockout devices
Plug LocksPlug Locks
Ball Valve LockoutBall Valve Lockout
Gate Valve LockoutGate Valve Lockout

Group HaspGroup Hasp
ElectricalElectrical
Hydraulic, pneumatic, Hydraulic, pneumatic,
and other pressurized and other pressurized
systems.systems.

11. 11
What is the difference What is the difference
between lockout and tagout?between lockout and tagout?
Tagout – a written warning that tells Tagout – a written warning that tells
operators not to operate a switch, operators not to operate a switch,
lever or valve that could release lever or valve that could release
hazardous energy. Tagouts hazardous energy. Tagouts DO NOT DO NOT
physically prevent someone from physically prevent someone from
releasing potentially hazardous releasing potentially hazardous
energy.energy.

12. 12
Examples of TagsExamples of Tags

13. 13
When should you lockout?When should you lockout?
A lockout should be used when A lockout should be used when
working around systems where an working around systems where an
unexpected release of energy could unexpected release of energy could
occur, causing injury or equipment occur, causing injury or equipment
damage.damage.

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Common examples of when Common examples of when
lockouts should be used:lockouts should be used:

Clearing jammed or blocked Clearing jammed or blocked
mechanismsmechanisms

Preventive MaintenancePreventive Maintenance

Working in confined spacesWorking in confined spaces

Repairs on electrical circuitsRepairs on electrical circuits

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Isolate Isolate ALL ALL energy sourcesenergy sources
Prior to starting a job, all energy Prior to starting a job, all energy
sources must be identified sources must be identified
(mechanical, electrical, etc.). Each (mechanical, electrical, etc.). Each
energy source must be locked out.energy source must be locked out.

16. 16
Multiple or Group LockoutMultiple or Group Lockout
Lockout boxes are frequently used so Lockout boxes are frequently used so
that multiple employees can install their that multiple employees can install their
personal safety locks. These boxes are personal safety locks. These boxes are
typically stored in close proximity to typically stored in close proximity to
the associated piece of equipment. the associated piece of equipment.
Boxes are usually labeled to identify the Boxes are usually labeled to identify the
corresponding plant system.corresponding plant system.

17. 17
Multiple LockoutMultiple Lockout

18. 18
Group LockGroup Lock

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
Prepare for shutdownPrepare for shutdown

Shut down the machine or equipmentShut down the machine or equipment

Safely release all stored or residual energy Safely release all stored or residual energy

Isolate the machine or equipment from Isolate the machine or equipment from ALLALL
energy sourcesenergy sources

Apply the Lockout or Tagout Device(s) to Apply the Lockout or Tagout Device(s) to
the Energy Isolating Device(s)the Energy Isolating Device(s)

Verify isolation by physically attempting to Verify isolation by physically attempting to
“run” the machine or equipment. “run” the machine or equipment.
How to de-energize How to de-energize
equipmentequipment

20. 20

Repairman attempted to lockout raw mill Repairman attempted to lockout raw mill
separatorseparator
 Repairman properly installed lock on Repairman properly installed lock on
associated MCC breakerassociated MCC breaker
 Repairman properly attempted to start Repairman properly attempted to start
equipment to verify lockoutequipment to verify lockout
 Equipment started because breaker was Equipment started because breaker was
still energized (although it appeared to be still energized (although it appeared to be
open)open)
““Real World” ExampleReal World” Example

21. 21
Clinker Sample Bldg MCC

22. 22
Clinker Sample Bldg MCC

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High Voltage SwitchgearHigh Voltage Switchgear
When de-energizing a high voltage
switchgear, employees must contact
a qualified electrician. Only
qualified electricians are authorized
to work on these systems.

24. 24
High Voltage SwitchgearHigh Voltage Switchgear

25. 25

Every employee working in the plantEvery employee working in the plant
has been issued his or her own lock. has been issued his or her own lock.
A specific lock color is assigned to each A specific lock color is assigned to each
department. department.
Locks Locks SHOULDSHOULD NOTNOT be used to secure be used to secure
personal lockers, tool boxes, etc.personal lockers, tool boxes, etc.
An individual should An individual should NEVERNEVER ask a co- ask a co-
worker to install or remove his or her worker to install or remove his or her
personal lock.personal lock.
Lock & Lockout ProtocolLock & Lockout Protocol

26. 26
Plant Lockout Policy Plant Lockout Policy
(taken from Plant Manager’s memo (taken from Plant Manager’s memo
dated 13 June 2002)dated 13 June 2002)
“In lieu of these issues I want to make sure every
employee understands that if they leave their
lock, for any reason, on a piece of equipment and
leave the plant site and that lock has to be
removed either by getting the employee back to
remove it, or cutting the lock off, disciplinary
action will be taken against that employee.
Further, that employee will be responsible to
purchase the new lock after it has been cut off.”

27. 27
Lockout/Tagout StandardsLockout/Tagout Standards

OSHA regulates lockout/tagout OSHA regulates lockout/tagout
through the “Control of Hazardous through the “Control of Hazardous
Energy” standard, 29 CFR 1910.147.Energy” standard, 29 CFR 1910.147.

MSHA regulates lockout/tagout MSHA regulates lockout/tagout
through 30 CRF 56.12016, .12017. through 30 CRF 56.12016, .12017.

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Employer responsibilities Employer responsibilities
under the “Control of under the “Control of
Hazardous Energy” standardHazardous Energy” standard

Establish an energy control programEstablish an energy control program

Establish energy control procedures Establish energy control procedures
for machines and equipmentfor machines and equipment

Provide employee trainingProvide employee training

Conduct periodic inspections or Conduct periodic inspections or
audits of the energy control programaudits of the energy control program

29. 29
When the standard appliesWhen the standard applies

An employee is required to remove or bypass a An employee is required to remove or bypass a
guard or other safety device.guard or other safety device.

An employee is required to place any part of An employee is required to place any part of
their body in contact with the point of their body in contact with the point of
operation of an operational machine or piece of operation of an operational machine or piece of
equipment.equipment.

An employee is required to place any part of An employee is required to place any part of
their body into a “Danger Zone” associated their body into a “Danger Zone” associated
with a machine operating cycle.with a machine operating cycle.

30. 30
Work on electric equipment controlled Work on electric equipment controlled
by plugging in or unplugging the by plugging in or unplugging the
equipment. The plug is under equipment. The plug is under
exclusive control of the employee exclusive control of the employee
performing maintenance.performing maintenance.

““Hot Tap” operations involving Hot Tap” operations involving
transmission and distribution systems transmission and distribution systems
for gas, steam, water, petroleum for gas, steam, water, petroleum
products, etc.products, etc.
Exceptions to the standardExceptions to the standard

31. 31
Minor Servicing TasksMinor Servicing Tasks
Employees performing minor tool changesEmployees performing minor tool changes
and adjustments that are rand adjustments that are routine, repetitive, outine, repetitive,
and integraland integral to the use of the equipment and to the use of the equipment and
that occur during normal operations are that occur during normal operations are
not covered by the Lockout/Tagout not covered by the Lockout/Tagout
Standard, provided the work is performed Standard, provided the work is performed
using alternative measures that provide using alternative measures that provide
effective protection.effective protection.

32. 32
Outside ContractorsOutside Contractors
Whenever outside contractors are Whenever outside contractors are
engaged in activities covered by engaged in activities covered by
Lockout/Tagout, the on-site Lockout/Tagout, the on-site
employer and the outside contractor employer and the outside contractor
shall inform each other of their shall inform each other of their
respective Lockout or Tagout respective Lockout or Tagout
procedures.procedures.

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34. 34

35. 35
““FATAL FIVE” FATAL FIVE”
(main causes of injury)(main causes of injury)

Failure to stop equipment.Failure to stop equipment.

Failure to disconnect from power source.Failure to disconnect from power source.

Failure to dissipate (bleed, neutralize) Failure to dissipate (bleed, neutralize)
residual energy.residual energy.

Accidental restarting of equipment.Accidental restarting of equipment.

Failure to clear work areas before Failure to clear work areas before
restarting.restarting.

36. 36
Electrical Energy HazardsElectrical Energy Hazards
Arc flash
Arc flash light
Arc blast

37. 37
Arc flashArc flash
Temperature can escalate rapidly near the
center of an arc flash, reaching 35,000 F.
Copper melts at 1,981 F.
The skin is very sensitive to temperature;
while sitting in the sun for only six hours at
110 F, cell structure will start to break
down. At 158 F, cell destruction occurs in
one second. At 200 F, incurable third
degree burns are incurred in one-tenth of a
second.

38. 38
Arc flashArc flash

39. 39
Arc Flash LightArc Flash Light
At 35,000 degrees Fahrenheit, an arc
flash can generate enough light to
cause serious injury to the eyes. It is
not uncommon for an electrician to
develop cataracts three years after
visual exposure to an arc flash.

40. 40
Arc flashArc flash

41. 41
Arc BlastArc Blast
Arc blast is a force caused by the rapid
expansion of air due to the transition of
solid conducting material into vapor. This
rapid expansion can occupy 67,000 times
the initial volume of the transitioning
material. The blast can easily knock a
person across a room, and the sound from
the explosion can destroy a person’s ability
to hear.

42. 42
Arc BlastArc Blast

43. 43
Plugging in ElectricalPlugging in Electrical
EquipmentEquipment
When “plugging in” or “disconnecting” 480
volt electrical equipment,
THE DISCONNECT SWITCH MUST
BE OPENED.
The following pictures will demonstrate the
reasons why!!

44. 44

45. 45
Electrical BurnsElectrical Burns

46. 46
Site specific electrical hazardsSite specific electrical hazards

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Site specific electrical hazardsSite specific electrical hazards

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Site specific electrical hazardsSite specific electrical hazards

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Site specific electrical hazardsSite specific electrical hazards

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ANY QUESTIONS?ANY QUESTIONS?
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!