Electronics for you (jan dec 2000)
vikas_kumar10Aug
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About This Presentation
there are 12 volume of electronics for you to the reader to know the latest of technology along with the tested circuits of electronics gadgets
Slide Content
More than 90 fully tested
and ready-to-use
electronics circuits
and ready-to-use
electronics circuits
JANUARY 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1), MICROPROCESSOR.CONTROLLED TRANSISTOR LEAD ENTER
2). CONVERSION OF AUDIO CD PLAYER TO VIDEO CD PLAYER — nn 9
arcuım IDEAS
1) MULTIPURPOSE CIRCUIT FOR TELEPHONES 13
2) SIMPLE CODE LOG
3) AUTOMATIC BATHROOM UCHT
©) SMART FLUD LEVEL INDICATOR ———
5) AUTOMATIC SCHOOL BELL SYSTEM ="
© DESIGNING AN RF PROBE
FEBRUARY 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) FC BASED SPEED MONTORING SYSTEM —
2) STEREO CASSETTE PLAYER AAA
‘ancurr eas
1). BASS AND TREBLE FOR STEREO SYSTEM — mms
2) PROTECTION FOR YOUR ELECTRICAL APPUANCES 29
SAL WATER Leven METER ——————- I
2) UNIVERSAL HIGN-AESISTANE VOLMETER —— a
NO CHECKER an
9 ANOVEL METHOD OF FREQUENCY VARATION USING 555 "33
MARCH 2000
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) RESONANCE TYPE LC METER
2) ELECTROWSIS PROOF COMPLETE WATER LEVEL SOLUTION =
ancuır DES
D PENDULUM DISPLAY
2
3)
a
5
8
"APRIL 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) SMART CLAP SWITCH mm
2) LECTRONIC VOTING MACHINE —————-
ancuır IDEAS.
1) WATER TANK LEVEL METER -
2) HONE BROADCASTER —
3) TELEPHONE CALL METER USING CALCULATOR AND COB ="
A) SIMPLE ELECTRONIC CODE LOCK -——
5) LATGHUP ALARM USING OFF0:COUPLER Tg
© MINI VOICEROCESSOR —n
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1), MICROPROCESSOR.CONTROLLED TRANSISTOR LEAD ENTER
2). CONVERSION OF AUDIO CD PLAYER TO VIDEO CD PLAYER — nn 9
arcuım IDEAS
1) MULTIPURPOSE CIRCUIT FOR TELEPHONES 13
2) SIMPLE CODE LOG
3) AUTOMATIC BATHROOM UCHT
©) SMART FLUD LEVEL INDICATOR ———
5) AUTOMATIC SCHOOL BELL SYSTEM ="
© DESIGNING AN RF PROBE
FEBRUARY 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) FC BASED SPEED MONTORING SYSTEM —
2) STEREO CASSETTE PLAYER AAA
‘ancurr eas
1). BASS AND TREBLE FOR STEREO SYSTEM — mms
2) PROTECTION FOR YOUR ELECTRICAL APPUANCES 29
SAL WATER Leven METER ——————- I
2) UNIVERSAL HIGN-AESISTANE VOLMETER —— a
NO CHECKER an
9 ANOVEL METHOD OF FREQUENCY VARATION USING 555 "33
MARCH 2000
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) RESONANCE TYPE LC METER
2) ELECTROWSIS PROOF COMPLETE WATER LEVEL SOLUTION =
ancuır DES
D PENDULUM DISPLAY
2
3)
a
5
8
"APRIL 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) SMART CLAP SWITCH mm
2) LECTRONIC VOTING MACHINE —————-
ancuır IDEAS.
1) WATER TANK LEVEL METER -
2) HONE BROADCASTER —
3) TELEPHONE CALL METER USING CALCULATOR AND COB ="
A) SIMPLE ELECTRONIC CODE LOCK -——
5) LATGHUP ALARM USING OFF0:COUPLER Tg
© MINI VOICEROCESSOR —n
MAY 2000
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) DIGITAL NUMBER SHOOTING GAME = QD
2) PC INTERFACE AUDIO PAYBACK DEVICE MPLAYER nn
CIRCUIT IDEAS
1), STEFPER MOTOR DRIVER
2) ELECTRONIC DIGITAL TACHOMETER =
3). UGHT-OPERATED HT SICH nnn
9) PRECISION DIGITAL AC POWER CONTROLLER 76
5) WGGAGE SECURITY SYSTEM ———————
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) PORTABLE OZONE GENERATOR ————
en
À
EB
arcuım as.
1) ADD.ON STEREO CHANNEL SELECTOR mm
2) WATER TEMPERATURE CONTROLER — =
3) EMERGENCY Lat TT
©) PARALLEL TELEPHONES WITH SECRECY ——~
5) TWO.DOOR DOORBELL
ER ———————
JULY 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) BUILD YOUR OWN C-BAND SATELLITE TWRECEIVER
2) EPROM BASED PROGRAMMABLE NUMBER LOCK 99
ancuım IDEAS
1) FOWER-SUPPLY FALURE ALARM
2) STOPWATCH USING COB AND CALCULATOR
3) DUAL A VOLTAGE 103
ELECTRONIC DANCING PEACOCK "108
5) INVERTER OVERLOAD PROTECTOR WITH DELAYED AUTO RESET ==
6) TELEPHONE UNE BASED AUDIO MUTING AND UGHT.ON CIRCUIT ——
‘AUGUST 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) DISPLAY SCHEMES FOR INDIAN LANGUAGES PART (Hardware and Softwar) = 108
2) 085 PAT BASED SIMPLE IC TESTER = NS
‘ancurr IDEAS.
1) LOW COST PCO BLING METER = 19
2) AUTOMATIC MUTING CIRCUIT FOR AUDIO SYSTEMS 120
3) ZUNE INTERCOM-CUM TELEPHONE UNE CHANGEOVER CIRCUIT
4) GUARD FOR REFRIGERATORS AND AIR CONOMONERS——
5) RADIO BAND POSIMON DISPLAY -
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) DIGITAL NUMBER SHOOTING GAME = QD
2) PC INTERFACE AUDIO PAYBACK DEVICE MPLAYER nn
CIRCUIT IDEAS
1), STEFPER MOTOR DRIVER
2) ELECTRONIC DIGITAL TACHOMETER =
3). UGHT-OPERATED HT SICH nnn
9) PRECISION DIGITAL AC POWER CONTROLLER 76
5) WGGAGE SECURITY SYSTEM ———————
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) PORTABLE OZONE GENERATOR ————
en
À
EB
arcuım as.
1) ADD.ON STEREO CHANNEL SELECTOR mm
2) WATER TEMPERATURE CONTROLER — =
3) EMERGENCY Lat TT
©) PARALLEL TELEPHONES WITH SECRECY ——~
5) TWO.DOOR DOORBELL
ER ———————
JULY 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) BUILD YOUR OWN C-BAND SATELLITE TWRECEIVER
2) EPROM BASED PROGRAMMABLE NUMBER LOCK 99
ancuım IDEAS
1) FOWER-SUPPLY FALURE ALARM
2) STOPWATCH USING COB AND CALCULATOR
3) DUAL A VOLTAGE 103
ELECTRONIC DANCING PEACOCK "108
5) INVERTER OVERLOAD PROTECTOR WITH DELAYED AUTO RESET ==
6) TELEPHONE UNE BASED AUDIO MUTING AND UGHT.ON CIRCUIT ——
‘AUGUST 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) DISPLAY SCHEMES FOR INDIAN LANGUAGES PART (Hardware and Softwar) = 108
2) 085 PAT BASED SIMPLE IC TESTER = NS
‘ancurr IDEAS.
1) LOW COST PCO BLING METER = 19
2) AUTOMATIC MUTING CIRCUIT FOR AUDIO SYSTEMS 120
3) ZUNE INTERCOM-CUM TELEPHONE UNE CHANGEOVER CIRCUIT
4) GUARD FOR REFRIGERATORS AND AIR CONOMONERS——
5) RADIO BAND POSIMON DISPLAY -
SEPTEMBER 2000
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) DISPLAY SCHEMES FOR INDIAN LANGUAGES—PART I Hardware and Sfar) 123
2) DISTAL CODE 10 — pis 133
ORcur IDEAS
1) BINARY TO DOTMATRK DISPLAY DECODERORIER 137
2) AUTOMATIC SPEED CONTROLLER FOR FANS AND COOLERS 139
3) BLOWN FUSE INDICATOR = 149
42) OVER/UNDERVOLTAGE CUT-OFF WITH ON TIME DELAY mm 140
5). ONE BUTTON FOR STE, RUN, AND HALT COMMANDS vn 142
‘OCTOBER 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) MOSFET.BASED SO SINEWAVE UPS CU PS = 143
2) RAR DÍA CONVERTER BASED FUNCTION GENERATOR USING PICI6CB4 MICROCONTROWLER — 150
Rcur IDEAS
1) SIMPLE SWITCH MODE POWER SUPRA
2) TOILE INDICATOR ame
3) FEATHER-TOUCH SWITCHES FOR MANS —
DIGITAL FAN REGULATOR 197
5) TELEPHONE RINGER USING TIMER IS 189
NOVEMBER 2000
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1). PCTO PC COMMUNICATION USING INFRAREDILASER BEA 160
2) MULT-FFECT CHASER UGHTS USING 6051 MICROCONTROLLER ~
Se
a
ss
ORcUr IDEAS
1 AUTOMANC BATTERY CHARGER
2) TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENT ————
5
a
5)
DECEMBER 2000
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) ELECTRONIC BELL SYSTEM -——
2) SIMPLE TELEPHONE RECORDINGANSWERING MACHINE "179
‘ercurt IDEAS.
1) MULTICHANNEL CONTROL USING SOFT SWITCHES
2) AN EXCLUSIVE SINEWAVE GENERATOR
3) TTL THREESTATE LOGIC PROBE ——
a
3)
8
STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL MA PARALLEL PORT —————~
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) DISPLAY SCHEMES FOR INDIAN LANGUAGES—PART I Hardware and Sfar) 123
2) DISTAL CODE 10 — pis 133
ORcur IDEAS
1) BINARY TO DOTMATRK DISPLAY DECODERORIER 137
2) AUTOMATIC SPEED CONTROLLER FOR FANS AND COOLERS 139
3) BLOWN FUSE INDICATOR = 149
42) OVER/UNDERVOLTAGE CUT-OFF WITH ON TIME DELAY mm 140
5). ONE BUTTON FOR STE, RUN, AND HALT COMMANDS vn 142
‘OCTOBER 2000
‘CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) MOSFET.BASED SO SINEWAVE UPS CU PS = 143
2) RAR DÍA CONVERTER BASED FUNCTION GENERATOR USING PICI6CB4 MICROCONTROWLER — 150
Rcur IDEAS
1) SIMPLE SWITCH MODE POWER SUPRA
2) TOILE INDICATOR ame
3) FEATHER-TOUCH SWITCHES FOR MANS —
DIGITAL FAN REGULATOR 197
5) TELEPHONE RINGER USING TIMER IS 189
NOVEMBER 2000
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1). PCTO PC COMMUNICATION USING INFRAREDILASER BEA 160
2) MULT-FFECT CHASER UGHTS USING 6051 MICROCONTROLLER ~
Se
a
ss
ORcUr IDEAS
1 AUTOMANC BATTERY CHARGER
2) TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENT ————
5
a
5)
DECEMBER 2000
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1) ELECTRONIC BELL SYSTEM -——
2) SIMPLE TELEPHONE RECORDINGANSWERING MACHINE "179
‘ercurt IDEAS.
1) MULTICHANNEL CONTROL USING SOFT SWITCHES
2) AN EXCLUSIVE SINEWAVE GENERATOR
3) TTL THREESTATE LOGIC PROBE ——
a
3)
8
STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL MA PARALLEL PORT —————~
January
MICROPROCESSOR-CONTROLLED
TRANSISTOR LEAD IDENTIFIER
ARUP KUMAR SEN
rei nt ition u m
ainda ad eine A Ge
ait designer aa serian mus be
fay cavern with De types of tan.
irn wed in eat Erna hd
ideteaton may lad to malos,
And, in extreme tase, even destruction
he it ing sige or sr,
‘Though true manucure e
capsula di products in irn pa.
Age lines for enfin im.
able mem the clin of in.
erable trans manufcund by
the indortey.Allbagh à number of
‘manuals are pulsed whieh pei in
a, hey may not always be cee
‘le Boxe, nt alway cay to
fod atthe eae ol deed tran
tor by going through the voluminous
rame Ba handy called re
Ser ead Seater, malas the jo u
‘All ne has t o plc te tran
into endet cat instan ge o
dés nein on a dena. bro
“ect of the te and packgesutine
‘in ders under oa
À analy end von of e
present pr had be publi in June
ios by. The prevent mode ito.
tal mire tread ene
Al manual cota sip are replaced
by eta comanda pei era,
lata ig I wich act ar an tree
twa ss mrp ki, has
eon developed fr the pupas.
Princiale
Base and type identification. When à
inc anion for bis,
Seven arent Now ro the sure
Into the player and comes sate he jane
tn through he mayer. BY applying
proper hi vos te hum 0°
Bor asc to jun da B.
polar tramitar may forward
Asa esa ld dei e oF npn pe,
cent enter cl hough the base But,
ln caso af à pnp devi, current ows
ough the elt as well as de am
teen
Doring testing, when lade of the
‘wander under ta ar conte to
terminals 1,2, and ol he ts ht
(ve Fig ech of th hs clr,
ate and eter) cos in serie with
‘re ofthe crest dros nding
os, nd 6 us hmm in Fi.
Wen tn caret fos ward pr.
Sir jura hough parle,
the conecto (in prope icon to
at Tea glow up. So, la oa pe
en, athe uo conecte oh base
lod sows. Homer, in ee of a pop.
evi he br two um rel Noi
ln as it th pe (pa e op)
fd the base ofthe deis under u,
vs get othe tt wk terminals
and a 1, 2, and 3. Te loge mue
ters, compro ge 1 (SV nd ee 0
(OM, pp generate be se Le are
(rei number and These
‘numbers ao apie sequently tthe
ad rough the ting sc
Collector identifeation, When the
basemen ofa randos
robin ad accion ton
{reverse bined, comenta! current
‘hws inthe clic mite:
Teton pth ered ton pth be
que txt the magia ot which de.
‘ends upon the mage of as eu.
Feat an the beta eurent amplio
Fri commenter cigar)
tthe anita
ter las inercanged, a cure of
‘och ede regi woudl win
thee path Sa by eomparing the o
eurent, alce ed ean be ay
‘ented. In practice, canal propor
‘nny nue ines at sue en
‘eatin step mentioned cai tothe de:
‘ie under ter to bis the junction o:
rel, bth of te area nd.
HET
[os
ing um mean to ir a
1a al woul correspond to ay
0. Thus, depa upon te rento
etranger ead inthe ts oc,
e wold get one ofthese ead
amber (aking u enced fo rm
fal La um) if we eral higher
Ba ofthe It oh zo. The beac
al sume ths er fr a on
{hd pop tramitr le ll pr ore
tain (0 ae shorn under columns
and 6 of Table 1. Clan 5 reece the
Fco wet à ue) pation while u
tina 6 represent 7 complement othe
slam mbr
‘We may cl hie A hexadecinal
umber Bose etica number rn
‘hort hase, Comparig te tus,
TRANSISTOR LEAD IDENTIFIER
ARUP KUMAR SEN
rei nt ition u m
ainda ad eine A Ge
ait designer aa serian mus be
fay cavern with De types of tan.
irn wed in eat Erna hd
ideteaton may lad to malos,
And, in extreme tase, even destruction
he it ing sige or sr,
‘Though true manucure e
capsula di products in irn pa.
Age lines for enfin im.
able mem the clin of in.
erable trans manufcund by
the indortey.Allbagh à number of
‘manuals are pulsed whieh pei in
a, hey may not always be cee
‘le Boxe, nt alway cay to
fod atthe eae ol deed tran
tor by going through the voluminous
rame Ba handy called re
Ser ead Seater, malas the jo u
‘All ne has t o plc te tran
into endet cat instan ge o
dés nein on a dena. bro
“ect of the te and packgesutine
‘in ders under oa
À analy end von of e
present pr had be publi in June
ios by. The prevent mode ito.
tal mire tread ene
Al manual cota sip are replaced
by eta comanda pei era,
lata ig I wich act ar an tree
twa ss mrp ki, has
eon developed fr the pupas.
Princiale
Base and type identification. When à
inc anion for bis,
Seven arent Now ro the sure
Into the player and comes sate he jane
tn through he mayer. BY applying
proper hi vos te hum 0°
Bor asc to jun da B.
polar tramitar may forward
Asa esa ld dei e oF npn pe,
cent enter cl hough the base But,
ln caso af à pnp devi, current ows
ough the elt as well as de am
teen
Doring testing, when lade of the
‘wander under ta ar conte to
terminals 1,2, and ol he ts ht
(ve Fig ech of th hs clr,
ate and eter) cos in serie with
‘re ofthe crest dros nding
os, nd 6 us hmm in Fi.
Wen tn caret fos ward pr.
Sir jura hough parle,
the conecto (in prope icon to
at Tea glow up. So, la oa pe
en, athe uo conecte oh base
lod sows. Homer, in ee of a pop.
evi he br two um rel Noi
ln as it th pe (pa e op)
fd the base ofthe deis under u,
vs get othe tt wk terminals
and a 1, 2, and 3. Te loge mue
ters, compro ge 1 (SV nd ee 0
(OM, pp generate be se Le are
(rei number and These
‘numbers ao apie sequently tthe
ad rough the ting sc
Collector identifeation, When the
basemen ofa randos
robin ad accion ton
{reverse bined, comenta! current
‘hws inthe clic mite:
Teton pth ered ton pth be
que txt the magia ot which de.
‘ends upon the mage of as eu.
Feat an the beta eurent amplio
Fri commenter cigar)
tthe anita
ter las inercanged, a cure of
‘och ede regi woudl win
thee path Sa by eomparing the o
eurent, alce ed ean be ay
‘ented. In practice, canal propor
‘nny nue ines at sue en
‘eatin step mentioned cai tothe de:
‘ie under ter to bis the junction o:
rel, bth of te area nd.
HET
[os
ing um mean to ir a
1a al woul correspond to ay
0. Thus, depa upon te rento
etranger ead inthe ts oc,
e wold get one ofthese ead
amber (aking u enced fo rm
fal La um) if we eral higher
Ba ofthe It oh zo. The beac
al sume ths er fr a on
{hd pop tramitr le ll pr ore
tain (0 ae shorn under columns
and 6 of Table 1. Clan 5 reece the
Fco wet à ue) pation while u
tina 6 represent 7 complement othe
slam mbr
‘We may cl hie A hexadecinal
umber Bose etica number rn
‘hort hase, Comparig te tus,
Fa. 1 Sonora cut gram oh anse iter
ons Ar are the uv cr
cito tcalciorandem
ter ne tat Mein aer
ty with diferent big
es. Byinerting resistor in
Serie ith the fae the un.
nino wih wer ghee
fanbeexingulced.
In the emo fan de
vice (under normal Basing
tendon, mental cur
‘eat flows fom sare t the
are. Hen, be u
anse othe ctor any
ould Miekr brighter, ia
propor roe ir in
‘nce wi te Base On the
ther and, in oe oa pop
dis (der normal iting
tention, ment ars fon
‘eure tot mitre. Sa
tad he un enced the
fnitter lead would glow
brighter. As the ype of dei
À lady owe by the bse
loge, he elle eal ean
be cay identified, Ths, or
1 parlar Basel, poron
‘tector mol bein
(std y oe the o num.
nes (m may ca i ler
Wor own in lune 7
Tale
‘Error procesing. Dar.
ing er ena Kr
apap oran pedi. the
Junction voltage drop is low
(a, fr germanium anse.
tors ne a the o comenta
in de cx path lnplaned
there cannot road e
ay and hens, the ata
a cria tw igs On
the eter hand if the dere
eta iso lw iz o poner
Lanta), no appreciable
‘sent fo in the pth
fds he data mayo eo
‘ain any ge In bth the
case, lead fran an-
‘tbe salad. The ra
sy det ajo the val of
{he restr series with he
ae Thee are he estore
(GOK, hand 00) ese
om. Tos eis a ne
‘etd in seri th he ot
ing terminals 12, and mo
spect. The sr has to m.
a the transistor, renting
ons Ar are the uv cr
cito tcalciorandem
ter ne tat Mein aer
ty with diferent big
es. Byinerting resistor in
Serie ith the fae the un.
nino wih wer ghee
fanbeexingulced.
In the emo fan de
vice (under normal Basing
tendon, mental cur
‘eat flows fom sare t the
are. Hen, be u
anse othe ctor any
ould Miekr brighter, ia
propor roe ir in
‘nce wi te Base On the
ther and, in oe oa pop
dis (der normal iting
tention, ment ars fon
‘eure tot mitre. Sa
tad he un enced the
fnitter lead would glow
brighter. As the ype of dei
À lady owe by the bse
loge, he elle eal ean
be cay identified, Ths, or
1 parlar Basel, poron
‘tector mol bein
(std y oe the o num.
nes (m may ca i ler
Wor own in lune 7
Tale
‘Error procesing. Dar.
ing er ena Kr
apap oran pedi. the
Junction voltage drop is low
(a, fr germanium anse.
tors ne a the o comenta
in de cx path lnplaned
there cannot road e
ay and hens, the ata
a cria tw igs On
the eter hand if the dere
eta iso lw iz o poner
Lanta), no appreciable
‘sent fo in the pth
fds he data mayo eo
‘ain any ge In bth the
case, lead fran an-
‘tbe salad. The ra
sy det ajo the val of
{he restr series with he
ae Thee are he estore
(GOK, hand 00) ese
om. Tos eis a ne
‘etd in seri th he ot
ing terminals 12, and mo
spect. The sr has to m.
a the transistor, renting
a Siete bang o NPN raion vag ee Bay number
ested win
pate of ics
und 2
op on
no) Gates
et ae o
ire that
hey fai
ae cota
ce gues
The outputs
otic are
stale by
eagle
at pin 22
Tas, we db
given
Teles 1
Gorin 12 at
Jape D and
Wie in 2
ate
‘ec
One of
there imo
Pre
‘oven for
out
the tar,
by conta.
Tig the ogi
cal state of
‘he ba in fern ermal (2,03) | pa 12 Se us ly the base
‘nh st unl he denied else | and pe fp o pp) of the runter
land To alert the ser ab thi at | under tn where 042
tion, a message Aa u inks on the | ed ferentiation of ie
aps (rer mr prong rain im | ihe dev ip pe.
el
caer ad,
dar pram The interface. Te bre data eat
pot line caning the sated binary num
‘The cireut rs Coming rm pine 3,8,
‘tnd Bot),
are connected separate the Bd
The binary number generator. I this | real analogue ses
‘ou, and
‘tn cn as Ce) und |S ne 1 non. Th ar ie of
ck pls generator oil aba | the evithes are connected
tothe ter
ASH Too up os apio oc | nal ae ta ct trough somo her
pin Wa va dado cta Aa | component shen in Fi The ened
Felt, the counter aves equal | Bone Xs (in 12) i ec to the
From dcimal rang outputs 0. | analogue ech nt va pn 1 The
‘el to Io le, On reaching the | aber side ls (in 4 rounded. I
‘et nun pia uit) gh and | och Sr i cel by the sofware,
res the eure. Sa du re outputs | st Binary numbers ae app tthe
ad nl prove roc binary | dev under tos, and when i is open
users, colina in sequential | 12 binary number are sped
tamer ae Table D. To dearly undentand
"de incon
6 rent outputs x are com | ing fie aes tat the
rnit unde tu inert ith ite
(ltr in lo, the bas in at, und
emir nl othe tt he
Tn, doing dencatn e the
base and tye of te devi, all the ans.
lege in, ep, are dd by
‘he fran, apg se Binary num.
bere tothe dere Now, ifthe ino
pro pe. each ie the binary number
100 à generated tthe sap 3 the
be ncn i forward based, and ene,
‘convenient Dos rah the
Jeon a fl:
"Bag Siena um af
seco a ler lad junction
Shane lead? slat 29 002 pin 10 of
I dur
‘Simin hen the binary numbers
ds generated, aber caret wld dow
through the u Juin and the intra
a 1, Te number bas oe,
Bin thie cw oth he and ane
‘ene econo revered ia
rom the above disons op
parent that in the preset en, 2e
Encina am fan hat are
forward tase, thy woul go on pd
ing plsing al al, which would
br covered ito el vokages y
the epee intra potatos
The amped pusing De vlogs are
‘abl acer hr emiter resis
tod a rer, The iter flow
cra cn rund Mana Y ad
F3 ral the power level of the opto-
Couples ett whe par ad
mini the ippe vl he eat
us tr fen.
Durant, us cru
por À as an put ad or and ©
1 at by ending ctl werd oem
os on per
Taking output a transistor 11 as
stb and hao Ts she data
{hat is formed during the bse nti
ti, à u Gina) The crop
under the stare or, raus this
na trough pa af i (or um
ber 81 Soc ll he Bite of he higher
rie are make by the solar, the
‘hia ten se, The daa de
red at ion 210 In memory and
tornado tere base
Non, ifthe dee af pm po, the
oly nary aber st weal be e
the e 0, Under the nen lie
‘umber ha ad jucions would
be formated simllancounly ad
tne convetlnal cuen wold Bo in
bo along tw athe
ested win
pate of ics
und 2
op on
no) Gates
et ae o
ire that
hey fai
ae cota
ce gues
The outputs
otic are
stale by
eagle
at pin 22
Tas, we db
given
Teles 1
Gorin 12 at
Jape D and
Wie in 2
ate
‘ec
One of
there imo
Pre
‘oven for
out
the tar,
by conta.
Tig the ogi
cal state of
‘he ba in fern ermal (2,03) | pa 12 Se us ly the base
‘nh st unl he denied else | and pe fp o pp) of the runter
land To alert the ser ab thi at | under tn where 042
tion, a message Aa u inks on the | ed ferentiation of ie
aps (rer mr prong rain im | ihe dev ip pe.
el
caer ad,
dar pram The interface. Te bre data eat
pot line caning the sated binary num
‘The cireut rs Coming rm pine 3,8,
‘tnd Bot),
are connected separate the Bd
The binary number generator. I this | real analogue ses
‘ou, and
‘tn cn as Ce) und |S ne 1 non. Th ar ie of
ck pls generator oil aba | the evithes are connected
tothe ter
ASH Too up os apio oc | nal ae ta ct trough somo her
pin Wa va dado cta Aa | component shen in Fi The ened
Felt, the counter aves equal | Bone Xs (in 12) i ec to the
From dcimal rang outputs 0. | analogue ech nt va pn 1 The
‘el to Io le, On reaching the | aber side ls (in 4 rounded. I
‘et nun pia uit) gh and | och Sr i cel by the sofware,
res the eure. Sa du re outputs | st Binary numbers ae app tthe
ad nl prove roc binary | dev under tos, and when i is open
users, colina in sequential | 12 binary number are sped
tamer ae Table D. To dearly undentand
"de incon
6 rent outputs x are com | ing fie aes tat the
rnit unde tu inert ith ite
(ltr in lo, the bas in at, und
emir nl othe tt he
Tn, doing dencatn e the
base and tye of te devi, all the ans.
lege in, ep, are dd by
‘he fran, apg se Binary num.
bere tothe dere Now, ifthe ino
pro pe. each ie the binary number
100 à generated tthe sap 3 the
be ncn i forward based, and ene,
‘convenient Dos rah the
Jeon a fl:
"Bag Siena um af
seco a ler lad junction
Shane lead? slat 29 002 pin 10 of
I dur
‘Simin hen the binary numbers
ds generated, aber caret wld dow
through the u Juin and the intra
a 1, Te number bas oe,
Bin thie cw oth he and ane
‘ene econo revered ia
rom the above disons op
parent that in the preset en, 2e
Encina am fan hat are
forward tase, thy woul go on pd
ing plsing al al, which would
br covered ito el vokages y
the epee intra potatos
The amped pusing De vlogs are
‘abl acer hr emiter resis
tod a rer, The iter flow
cra cn rund Mana Y ad
F3 ral the power level of the opto-
Couples ett whe par ad
mini the ippe vl he eat
us tr fen.
Durant, us cru
por À as an put ad or and ©
1 at by ending ctl werd oem
os on per
Taking output a transistor 11 as
stb and hao Ts she data
{hat is formed during the bse nti
ti, à u Gina) The crop
under the stare or, raus this
na trough pa af i (or um
ber 81 Soc ll he Bite of he higher
rie are make by the solar, the
‘hia ten se, The daa de
red at ion 210 In memory and
tornado tere base
Non, ifthe dee af pm po, the
oly nary aber st weal be e
the e 0, Under the nen lie
‘umber ha ad jucions would
be formated simllancounly ad
tne convetlnal cuen wold Bo in
bo along tw athe
et tele tos +
Leff eee
bette] for i cH.
Erro
vie pararon un
er
FR Samar en paca ep aan
1G dope Dom du ditenal
m daa led Junction
cola led a 9002802902
Gage
"2 Gi dog 1/3923 neral
Lun ada bas el jenn
Senior lead let 193038
[0
"Tus, ony the internal 1 de
ul tr ickering, and the data that
oul be feed atthe emir af the
Trantor a 0, Acordag, the
‘ld tht wld be der in is
“Since, under the same orinatien of
the tenis inte sh, the bal
are ern app und an pn ei,
the stare can decode the pe of the
‘even
In à similar way we can justly tbe
production ofthe ober bald, hen
Thar cal, base, nd enter ar ne
sere inthe testing se fren
‘One the bus i determined, he
store sends the se number fr a
papaevice (herent) trough port ©
(er number), wth the Bit Ferma
‘Bown in Tab V.
"A rl the wat input a cv
(Gin 2 1c gee li D othe sich
pes insert restr Ri sre with
the base rut This cn ie eee
‘ryt nif the eter hen
the ella) ead as dered carer
under Principe subbing
‘nthe contar, sine an npnde-
Leff eee
bette] for i cH.
Erro
vie pararon un
er
FR Samar en paca ep aan
1G dope Dom du ditenal
m daa led Junction
cola led a 9002802902
Gage
"2 Gi dog 1/3923 neral
Lun ada bas el jenn
Senior lead let 193038
[0
"Tus, ony the internal 1 de
ul tr ickering, and the data that
oul be feed atthe emir af the
Trantor a 0, Acordag, the
‘ld tht wld be der in is
“Since, under the same orinatien of
the tenis inte sh, the bal
are ern app und an pn ei,
the stare can decode the pe of the
‘even
In à similar way we can justly tbe
production ofthe ober bald, hen
Thar cal, base, nd enter ar ne
sere inthe testing se fren
‘One the bus i determined, he
store sends the se number fr a
papaevice (herent) trough port ©
(er number), wth the Bit Ferma
‘Bown in Tab V.
"A rl the wat input a cv
(Gin 2 1c gee li D othe sich
pes insert restr Ri sre with
the base rut This cn ie eee
‘ryt nif the eter hen
the ella) ead as dered carer
under Principe subbing
‘nthe contar, sine an npnde-
O
Vic es the st binary numbers ar
“nue el the elector hence the
‘miter the same number (ase ob
tee during hu Watton canon
Be en hag prt ci the deve une
‘er tat amp Th based Bund
me ned ft wih or m. Si
the based oud er in 0, o data
lo be snk through part € in this ease
‘ou ah in Tae VI
‘Note dut re Bees, wich
woul de vith oe o be
Binary numbers,
Once rase inetd in the bse
Sct and st inary numbers re ap
ple tothe eve (np po. wold be
Fated equal re tint wa,
ich nly two woul be fete. The
“ame ar hm nig 2
Te or number 10, he cur
ren vag he inal eo wuld
‘iia be very low compared othe
current Nowing during number 01
Tough tbe itomal ie u. IF inch
aient high value, the former ur
feat may be rede! Lo much on extent
that the elated tn wl De Hence,
the dt hat wild be fred at th i
tere of tramita nu
‘oud be eu It wold be
model he tare à
toon scan. Thin is
termed inthe swore as
‘eter andi rd
‘emery etn 28.
(the uber hand if
the vie sal ng pe,
‘202 binary number ae
tebe spiel to ad he
rante wold be bed
{shown in ig. 3. Her
‘ly te internal of
ould ike So, the eta
he morros lca,
and enla memos be
‘atone Una a pap
‘device, the caller i determined
matematica by sutrcing the Bas
fem the eter)
‘Sree cud be summarised an
a
Ea
With di ou, the software would
print cont ca inthe data
{ihe and pit te seo the ply
By lar anaes, fad nur
for any ter orita af te deve in
{ho test sl woul he pp bythe
fatwa, fer Sing the raed bas
adore
Vic es the st binary numbers ar
“nue el the elector hence the
‘miter the same number (ase ob
tee during hu Watton canon
Be en hag prt ci the deve une
‘er tat amp Th based Bund
me ned ft wih or m. Si
the based oud er in 0, o data
lo be snk through part € in this ease
‘ou ah in Tae VI
‘Note dut re Bees, wich
woul de vith oe o be
Binary numbers,
Once rase inetd in the bse
Sct and st inary numbers re ap
ple tothe eve (np po. wold be
Fated equal re tint wa,
ich nly two woul be fete. The
“ame ar hm nig 2
Te or number 10, he cur
ren vag he inal eo wuld
‘iia be very low compared othe
current Nowing during number 01
Tough tbe itomal ie u. IF inch
aient high value, the former ur
feat may be rede! Lo much on extent
that the elated tn wl De Hence,
the dt hat wild be fred at th i
tere of tramita nu
‘oud be eu It wold be
model he tare à
toon scan. Thin is
termed inthe swore as
‘eter andi rd
‘emery etn 28.
(the uber hand if
the vie sal ng pe,
‘202 binary number ae
tebe spiel to ad he
rante wold be bed
{shown in ig. 3. Her
‘ly te internal of
ould ike So, the eta
he morros lca,
and enla memos be
‘atone Una a pap
‘device, the caller i determined
matematica by sutrcing the Bas
fem the eter)
‘Sree cud be summarised an
a
Ea
With di ou, the software would
print cont ca inthe data
{ihe and pit te seo the ply
By lar anaes, fad nur
for any ter orita af te deve in
{ho test sl woul he pp bythe
fatwa, fer Sing the raed bas
adore
fe (programmable koh ag in.
tera) which ued nthe mimos
sor Ki The unique fete fe a.
aed play eam at a ran
en on. You ast hate to damp the
nad o delayed on ts nem nu,
and your dt i over e ents he
‘ita om tee and gos on dung
‘he same witha aig any ep en
suming he timo othe erp in
‘hee
Unfortunatly, ot al the mip
comers pr inthe market ae Bt
{ed ith tis Instead, ane of De
We a stan mio fr display pur
(poe Hees, healed proce u
Bean I the ki OF eo, i the
aioe program othe kts oe und,
‘rich may have an nuit pay rw:
{ine o display the wol of fur ope
‘ie memey Mains a ine, the
ame maybe used in he the present
ter parm ofthe Vint 8085 it, dr
ing program ta, sted tard he
tnd ofthe scare program gen by the
Shor. To make ue of he thr dí
Ply sabre, please change the code
gone aut tay nario (de
(Gre = merychere inthe program lo
cade @ m for £279 band dile a
cade cet fr tomate dilo ford
1 the en parara
Alert ae an otr a pe
ial dilo en ug Dur ell
‘ope Biches ‘caro and fur sevens
mn 0 plays aru Only ee latch
and ne dia ls bee sho inthe
ati ret of Fig lng wih te
ee tes em i rt ofthe
To déve this pay a pra se
sean metho exe! o tbe wig
Para has a und.
The soft scan display procedure,
o delay fom memory. The sar
memory dire of the dts to be dis
Played tobe up by the alg
Program. This ata (61) 5 out fon
Bern uses rar proper ci
fer diving the en gment pay)
ed in the Bt Data nen ae connected
in prall to al the eal chen Bat
an oe of the fur lat i enabled
(Gin sei data of prt co
‘2 toes the data and trae he
‘Same tots tata deve ie comes.
ing serenengmen a delay o able
paraa Ich, alg sot rough
A orale Bit of porte Qt dee br
the ist data) bythe tm. Se.
ue ge 0 à se hough at Bt
do lat the data transfered, The pro
then ump to eck he on ata
from memory, and sende the same
‘hgh por efor Hower, in his
‘ae lege Li sn through bi 3 of pet
‘rt latch the daa tothe and at
‘menu play, and on.
Reiter af wie ud a cantor,
and i nal sored ith the Bary
amber on m Bach ine data à
Taebed the ge id ight by one
place So, ar the burt data aed,
‘he gb tent woul bc. Shi
tera) which ued nthe mimos
sor Ki The unique fete fe a.
aed play eam at a ran
en on. You ast hate to damp the
nad o delayed on ts nem nu,
and your dt i over e ents he
‘ita om tee and gos on dung
‘he same witha aig any ep en
suming he timo othe erp in
‘hee
Unfortunatly, ot al the mip
comers pr inthe market ae Bt
{ed ith tis Instead, ane of De
We a stan mio fr display pur
(poe Hees, healed proce u
Bean I the ki OF eo, i the
aioe program othe kts oe und,
‘rich may have an nuit pay rw:
{ine o display the wol of fur ope
‘ie memey Mains a ine, the
ame maybe used in he the present
ter parm ofthe Vint 8085 it, dr
ing program ta, sted tard he
tnd ofthe scare program gen by the
Shor. To make ue of he thr dí
Ply sabre, please change the code
gone aut tay nario (de
(Gre = merychere inthe program lo
cade @ m for £279 band dile a
cade cet fr tomate dilo ford
1 the en parara
Alert ae an otr a pe
ial dilo en ug Dur ell
‘ope Biches ‘caro and fur sevens
mn 0 plays aru Only ee latch
and ne dia ls bee sho inthe
ati ret of Fig lng wih te
ee tes em i rt ofthe
To déve this pay a pra se
sean metho exe! o tbe wig
Para has a und.
The soft scan display procedure,
o delay fom memory. The sar
memory dire of the dts to be dis
Played tobe up by the alg
Program. This ata (61) 5 out fon
Bern uses rar proper ci
fer diving the en gment pay)
ed in the Bt Data nen ae connected
in prall to al the eal chen Bat
an oe of the fur lat i enabled
(Gin sei data of prt co
‘2 toes the data and trae he
‘Same tots tata deve ie comes.
ing serenengmen a delay o able
paraa Ich, alg sot rough
A orale Bit of porte Qt dee br
the ist data) bythe tm. Se.
ue ge 0 à se hough at Bt
do lat the data transfered, The pro
then ump to eck he on ata
from memory, and sende the same
‘hgh por efor Hower, in his
‘ae lege Li sn through bi 3 of pet
‘rt latch the daa tothe and at
‘menu play, and on.
Reiter af wie ud a cantor,
and i nal sored ith the Bary
amber on m Bach ine data à
Taebed the ge id ight by one
place So, ar the burt data aed,
‘he gb tent woul bc. Shi
‘GonsTRUCTION
ponies seat Ba er a nu
= Sat Sateen E ion en.
E A eminem,
pg O
i
REGSEHP ES SUUSEE N SEELEN
So sen ul Rtn tne AS
ES mg Dame a Eine
mm, wu, Deren ra ui
Be ii
mo ur ee
energie go et
em D tn di rer ee
ar res
ER AS
ponies seat Ba er a nu
= Sat Sateen E ion en.
E A eminem,
pg O
i
REGSEHP ES SUUSEE N SEELEN
So sen ul Rtn tne AS
ES mg Dame a Eine
mm, wu, Deren ra ui
Be ii
mo ur ee
energie go et
em D tn di rer ee
ar res
ER AS
fev the“ E
FE Sen Stu Se À P
‘eS o a m
ee eur)
ee A Lu
en
= ges
ou am em Se AAN
E Sl
LE En ro
HR re o pr
ES UE ou EC eo
E En
am om mme ous Ca rr
So Pe eo pe ee ee a je
ee
= Alk, e
ET A
ae Fe ne
BE ge Es
iS 5 sue
es am Siena
ing operation ie dine afar Ars moving | Now, th erg, cont = aa,
the data from the register tothe ccuma: | oe mor shige it tomar igh
Inter, nd then doing the reat tack | wald make Un avait watt =
Inte the roger cece agin If the se | 000 on, which wou
fg i wot st by the man operation. | ag: And hc the program wo jump
‘ack othe calling on. woul be inter
‘ting mia the same reg. conten la.
ina number comprising «ee Ds
sot ron prt cw cal part
larch
‘See the Bas 1 number and the
‘ede a ene see ach ar seat
{hg the same por grt) inthe
erate display, the tase 14 mus be
‘seo ite playing the mese Pr
fv There changes er mias
a eq nthe eral program per
ening coeur entation rogram
ar pp nca (at cations 20
{hr 2) and npn transe (tb.
(ata ag ara) a ve in
‘Tables Vand VI respeta.
‘Softeare fla chart. Stare dr
tare for ein program and var be
Sonics wes ia Fg.
rn and parts ist ae indu ely
oe the main tee diagram of Fg L
‘he actuaban, nodo ra fr the
same is given in Pig 6 whl ts amp
tout er
FE Sen Stu Se À P
‘eS o a m
ee eur)
ee A Lu
en
= ges
ou am em Se AAN
E Sl
LE En ro
HR re o pr
ES UE ou EC eo
E En
am om mme ous Ca rr
So Pe eo pe ee ee a je
ee
= Alk, e
ET A
ae Fe ne
BE ge Es
iS 5 sue
es am Siena
ing operation ie dine afar Ars moving | Now, th erg, cont = aa,
the data from the register tothe ccuma: | oe mor shige it tomar igh
Inter, nd then doing the reat tack | wald make Un avait watt =
Inte the roger cece agin If the se | 000 on, which wou
fg i wot st by the man operation. | ag: And hc the program wo jump
‘ack othe calling on. woul be inter
‘ting mia the same reg. conten la.
ina number comprising «ee Ds
sot ron prt cw cal part
larch
‘See the Bas 1 number and the
‘ede a ene see ach ar seat
{hg the same por grt) inthe
erate display, the tase 14 mus be
‘seo ite playing the mese Pr
fv There changes er mias
a eq nthe eral program per
ening coeur entation rogram
ar pp nca (at cations 20
{hr 2) and npn transe (tb.
(ata ag ara) a ve in
‘Tables Vand VI respeta.
‘Softeare fla chart. Stare dr
tare for ein program and var be
Sonics wes ia Fg.
rn and parts ist ae indu ely
oe the main tee diagram of Fg L
‘he actuaban, nodo ra fr the
same is given in Pig 6 whl ts amp
tout er
CONVERSION OF AUDIO CD PLAYER
TO VIDEO CD PLAYER — I $
PUNERJOT SINGH MANGAT
alas chology isting | al dt, od fom thet severed
way o the digital toco a | ino algu gal In se of i sg
theater ors numeros avan. | al, the process und for ring and
tags. Dial signals are mt ely fe | mprducen of ta ie somo as und
From dern he big ated fro | fra cn However, thre ean sd
‘ne pont anbe (vr various me. | onal top aed Doth daring eed
‘da but recorren Isa ose. | ing as wll as reproduction fhe digital
Digital siglo can alo te compras | Vo signals ovo the comp dik
which mae i possible o toe hu | Tis atonal tp rates to he com
{mounts of día in a soll spre. The | pression of data her digne
‘gal tha hs alo made remark: | Go ands dcompreion whe it bang
tle progres in the ld of audi and | mad At video dat require very lage
Vido ral processing ‘dono ran hia pros ng
Digial goal processing i being | en nina Pue Espert Grup ent
widely used in au and video and | patie faro ad hen reared on he
plain cuire These compact dks | a. On reading to prose id data
Jano tough about solu inthe | fm thc decmpredand peed
field audi and vido eh. In | tte vdeo procs. Ths withthe hal
ai i nage mals ao fist cn: | fhe compression technique hue amount
‘ered ina digi gal sod then stared | of ico dt fr aut an boar) canbe
‘nthe co Dag repedutin the dig | weredin nen.
ee
Ets Ls me moe 5
ER
MA
An dsc ple, wich a se o lay
cal au cca e converted to play
{he video cn ae wall Ain co payers
healt eq mechanisms
Lo py id cn exept an m card,
tlh ode add othe player. Tis
eo card iy aie nt mar.
Thine cad depres he data
arabe fr the audios player aden
‘ees it ine prope level ef vie ils
ro ing tothe ain.
Construction
Supp comercio of auto player
to ideo player dered with re
me Pig
"Step 1. Connection of u card
lo rv and step-down power trans.
former to confirm proper working of
the ur card.
Connect es awl elt, o he
te card, Pease ck comes pn.
csm
+ Coons sudo and video tpt fhe
TO VIDEO CD PLAYER — I $
PUNERJOT SINGH MANGAT
alas chology isting | al dt, od fom thet severed
way o the digital toco a | ino algu gal In se of i sg
theater ors numeros avan. | al, the process und for ring and
tags. Dial signals are mt ely fe | mprducen of ta ie somo as und
From dern he big ated fro | fra cn However, thre ean sd
‘ne pont anbe (vr various me. | onal top aed Doth daring eed
‘da but recorren Isa ose. | ing as wll as reproduction fhe digital
Digital siglo can alo te compras | Vo signals ovo the comp dik
which mae i possible o toe hu | Tis atonal tp rates to he com
{mounts of día in a soll spre. The | pression of data her digne
‘gal tha hs alo made remark: | Go ands dcompreion whe it bang
tle progres in the ld of audi and | mad At video dat require very lage
Vido ral processing ‘dono ran hia pros ng
Digial goal processing i being | en nina Pue Espert Grup ent
widely used in au and video and | patie faro ad hen reared on he
plain cuire These compact dks | a. On reading to prose id data
Jano tough about solu inthe | fm thc decmpredand peed
field audi and vido eh. In | tte vdeo procs. Ths withthe hal
ai i nage mals ao fist cn: | fhe compression technique hue amount
‘ered ina digi gal sod then stared | of ico dt fr aut an boar) canbe
‘nthe co Dag repedutin the dig | weredin nen.
ee
Ets Ls me moe 5
ER
MA
An dsc ple, wich a se o lay
cal au cca e converted to play
{he video cn ae wall Ain co payers
healt eq mechanisms
Lo py id cn exept an m card,
tlh ode add othe player. Tis
eo card iy aie nt mar.
Thine cad depres he data
arabe fr the audios player aden
‘ees it ine prope level ef vie ils
ro ing tothe ain.
Construction
Supp comercio of auto player
to ideo player dered with re
me Pig
"Step 1. Connection of u card
lo rv and step-down power trans.
former to confirm proper working of
the ur card.
Connect es awl elt, o he
te card, Pease ck comes pn.
csm
+ Coons sudo and video tpt fhe
card to audio input ne
a jodo md m ragen. U
‘ly ile wir fr he crnocions.
+ Cork to ensure that ibe spdem
trames provides 120.12 vas
ampere of hod, babe omecin Ht
tothe urs card Casa ito the un,
‘ard via jok
+ Seth on the to aan made
operation. Ads the 100 hn pre
smile video ouput of
rms card 1 mi postion.
+ Su on the se card y etching
m 230 vols man spy tothe 124
12 vol rnshrmer
+ Hosen wars ht, Sony Digital
‘Technology’ wll be displayed on the
rin Toe 1 aren wi Say
{hs fr bra 5 sand bie ping
ask Ad the Ich preset fe
proper lee vide sil
‘Step 2. Connections to audio co
player afer confirmation of proper
functioning of rec card during
sept
+ Open your dic player. Do this very
‘relly avia ay rks toto mo
‘doco player, as ese may damage tbe
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Description
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record m ho wl appear onthe
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CIRCUIT IDEAS
MULTIPURPOSE CIRCUIT
FOR TELEPHONES
RANJITH G. PODUVAL
La
is man device fr telephones
aa e cnc parle
phone instrument. The eu
roves ai salido of
ogni vole ars tama rte
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MULTIPURPOSE CIRCUIT
FOR TELEPHONES
RANJITH G. PODUVAL
La
is man device fr telephones
aa e cnc parle
phone instrument. The eu
roves ai salido of
ogni vole ars tama rte
use cr unto al bl ten
‘icon vel oct ofl, Asa et an
the kp ring.
Aci can be Connected sing area.
‘Te relay diver tania can bo eo
eed vin ont à a shown in the Ge
‘ut To ube the creat fr waraing
‘plot miss, switch 6 ca be et in
om poston to arate the piso rer
‘hen angu ts o up ie Wr
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ite ike the ef deo the le
phone hand)
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omer spy whi apres pers
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In on to moda AV oc supply
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dows ingen, init te le
Sate oe eden The wale of
ie cn be hanged some.
hat Lo dt the in po, wi
clan the pie ns y
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set einer m td
{hat tse ol a acen band be
‘sed, bi turn cut ef anise 2
cil. While jan, potter va, e.
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‘ein
‘Whe the had et id the ol
age dap o and 12V pe. When this
sit ai a tars wlan andthe
roue tare bepig with wich
iw on psn) A the sme tie the
estar ws in ed
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ses in gr in green with
®
ape fhe ede i 1756, cnt line
Yon Tw ie St Cine Sion
tnd est ofthe nes2 3,43, 8-10
the rect pd a shown by dated ein
teu
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ha Bip xo To deck pas of the
Sar Mpegs are comet o 48,
SASH D. DOSHI
be rt decried he i an
serons combination Ick for
dau responds oly tthe
rials otre of ocr die Oat ans
layed in remate. I a wrong hey
touched rest he lak The ck rd
an best by mec he lie wie to
‘he pudo A8 04 Di the Bare Pee
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ini th hatte However,» ange
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put pine ach Bip is wid D
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AUTOMATIC BATHROOM LIGHT
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AUTOMATIC BATHROOM LIGHT
JAYAN AR.
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esp fr a bathmom fd | shown in Fig 1. Te ab
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"On if ae os ire | the sip mes along wi
duo de hen the sen pat | e Radian fem o 12
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EY
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ie ptt of ine, nding tht De
roomie ant,
‘When a person ctr hato,
(he dr opere ad ded wih pr"
Vida ek gras fr 110) (rs) and
"ah The low keel at pent Gin 5) e
‘Sled in y 1), fe ine op:
Ing the dor, Ling the ligt ata une
‘The high level point (in 8) i
locked in by ra, tuning on the cc
ane inate 10 (aon athe ine of
SMART FLUID LEVEL INDICATOR
an
THOMMACHAN THOMAS
et of th Bid level indicator
‘roi we a ber graph à
regnen delay te in
‘ate the flv Sach à play ing
{So ga may not make much some
o an ordinary person. The cit pre
ote bere ernest awe and de
ay the evel in event dir
ba wih difference Labs ich
Joel ia meaning Eng lts die
as the eter Eo mp, fr ow u
fer ala ave ara and br
ok
The Geet is bull wing cos rs
count quad we gt and comes à à
0 lo sevensegmen defer and die
y ive 1. Ti decode oe cable
4 producing somo Engl phate be
fides the ural dis through 8. The
o cds lo varios dae re gen
in Tale Te to cde are generated
ly or gies because of the nen
‘ection a 1e sing probes gu im:
end in water. Their operation bing
span a inde er.
Nate that there eno ip pattern
ie ter y aval fom the y Tr
fare o ob the pater fr er €
fed y, anios m and m are med
‘Thos units blanc ou he unn
tary pment fon the seven segment
ly can be sen that ler ie
ing of he dor (Sn warm in
Le]
‘When the pren exits he baths,
the on is opened agi. The tpt of
i) meer to hg lve tung |
‘he Bathroom ght (Se añ in
Fig. 2) The doing of the door by the
(border peda ow high tans
{er at the deck ip pin 3) of Sea
‘Ths ct in he bw eel a cua
ei) pi bw capa of Ea)
Dit ey tring ep
soured by blanking and Y soments
OF the see segment display whe itd
codos dit 8 Later yl obtained y
Bain nent whe decodes Le
{he dr opened. See wave
firm bn Fig 2) Th, on.
thigh going lago tans
on rl pr or
rey opening of the dor,
{rom th dsl poston. Ce
ue e one tthe
pa a Str unwanted
‘rants in he tpt vt
go generated at the fine of
ing o opening a the dor
à ag geen
sive dua Mio ud
la fhe cro to emos de
ecapaey stats a Be at
room. fa) memories the
ae of the dr and ct an
fn ccapancy incor whe [ P29
‘et aed eon he
lay tam on and turn of he blico
it opt in 8 His td to 0
‘np pin 24 la whereas pu pin
Sew) à ed o put pin LP
at,
‘tthe tine a evt on power br
(heft tine Loreto spas ner
‘natin wo dears the o ip op, Ar
“resalta oath ea and ei)
Selon andthe nw evel atte opa
Ex) states rly atra en Be
From Hah. TAS operation i nde
‘eat othe dor tas opened
The cesar inca ed Limo is
ie ptt of ine, nding tht De
roomie ant,
‘When a person ctr hato,
(he dr opere ad ded wih pr"
Vida ek gras fr 110) (rs) and
"ah The low keel at pent Gin 5) e
‘Sled in y 1), fe ine op:
Ing the dor, Ling the ligt ata une
‘The high level point (in 8) i
locked in by ra, tuning on the cc
ane inate 10 (aon athe ine of
SMART FLUID LEVEL INDICATOR
an
THOMMACHAN THOMAS
et of th Bid level indicator
‘roi we a ber graph à
regnen delay te in
‘ate the flv Sach à play ing
{So ga may not make much some
o an ordinary person. The cit pre
ote bere ernest awe and de
ay the evel in event dir
ba wih difference Labs ich
Joel ia meaning Eng lts die
as the eter Eo mp, fr ow u
fer ala ave ara and br
ok
The Geet is bull wing cos rs
count quad we gt and comes à à
0 lo sevensegmen defer and die
y ive 1. Ti decode oe cable
4 producing somo Engl phate be
fides the ural dis through 8. The
o cds lo varios dae re gen
in Tale Te to cde are generated
ly or gies because of the nen
‘ection a 1e sing probes gu im:
end in water. Their operation bing
span a inde er.
Nate that there eno ip pattern
ie ter y aval fom the y Tr
fare o ob the pater fr er €
fed y, anios m and m are med
‘Thos units blanc ou he unn
tary pment fon the seven segment
ly can be sen that ler ie
ing of he dor (Sn warm in
Le]
‘When the pren exits he baths,
the on is opened agi. The tpt of
i) meer to hg lve tung |
‘he Bathroom ght (Se añ in
Fig. 2) The doing of the door by the
(border peda ow high tans
{er at the deck ip pin 3) of Sea
‘Ths ct in he bw eel a cua
ei) pi bw capa of Ea)
Dit ey tring ep
soured by blanking and Y soments
OF the see segment display whe itd
codos dit 8 Later yl obtained y
Bain nent whe decodes Le
ven
mpi ste lo Tis make it
posible to por he cet a ht
fey. Te ingot sn crest thre
"he Bud eth all the ur probe im.
meme in wae of th rer fT,
‘hich rn low rate of pre dt
Fern de to don a ali lowe.
‘lea ders inthe id.
AUTOMATIC SCHOOL
BELL SYSTEM
Dr DK. KAUSHIK
his ie an effective and ue
Projet for educational Sait
Sau a mt osa and on.
ees the pen igs te ell ar every
paro asaya (Dente dera
‘The en as depend on is writ wach
or dock, and sometimes he an fr o
og the el in tne In the pee me.
tem, the human error has been eink
rte Every morning, when the hc
ar, someta ha 1 ut sich o he
ten and tree work sua
aly
The automatic mirprsesor cn:
teed acl Dl ute rend hor
iyi mioprecessr 8085 ki
[Notes Tie circuit should not be
sud wth inma er hight rechne
fn
The programmable pergber inercia
«nt chip preset in the mie»
feces it as Ben ede has three
Shit wie input prs pert pr
and prt) Cr word SD (hes à
‘dt nia a ports of wa ete
ut ports Bit of prt À 0 meta
Eo as of traitor ner thr 8
10 Xabi resto as shown in he Fee
re Is welt ergo the rly when
PA lao as hgh A rn, hor,
se ay bel sound tem with an aio
Sele of proper tage long mil 2
5 odapeakn) muy be install in
{ho cha caps. The ray woul pt
orga ser ery 40 minos fr à
ton Tre it dope
{he pried number on
te wast saint
gi of rs Geld
nd minutes ofthe
‘rid elapsed on the Ex
et te ig a be
nddreus field. The
ata ld of the it
display seconds con- | PROA
inca. Es
The ion una [croton
==
ere da ery plo.
mpi ste lo Tis make it
posible to por he cet a ht
fey. Te ingot sn crest thre
"he Bud eth all the ur probe im.
meme in wae of th rer fT,
‘hich rn low rate of pre dt
Fern de to don a ali lowe.
‘lea ders inthe id.
AUTOMATIC SCHOOL
BELL SYSTEM
Dr DK. KAUSHIK
his ie an effective and ue
Projet for educational Sait
Sau a mt osa and on.
ees the pen igs te ell ar every
paro asaya (Dente dera
‘The en as depend on is writ wach
or dock, and sometimes he an fr o
og the el in tne In the pee me.
tem, the human error has been eink
rte Every morning, when the hc
ar, someta ha 1 ut sich o he
ten and tree work sua
aly
The automatic mirprsesor cn:
teed acl Dl ute rend hor
iyi mioprecessr 8085 ki
[Notes Tie circuit should not be
sud wth inma er hight rechne
fn
The programmable pergber inercia
«nt chip preset in the mie»
feces it as Ben ede has three
Shit wie input prs pert pr
and prt) Cr word SD (hes à
‘dt nia a ports of wa ete
ut ports Bit of prt À 0 meta
Eo as of traitor ner thr 8
10 Xabi resto as shown in he Fee
re Is welt ergo the rly when
PA lao as hgh A rn, hor,
se ay bel sound tem with an aio
Sele of proper tage long mil 2
5 odapeakn) muy be install in
{ho cha caps. The ray woul pt
orga ser ery 40 minos fr à
ton Tre it dope
{he pried number on
te wast saint
gi of rs Geld
nd minutes ofthe
‘rid elapsed on the Ex
et te ig a be
nddreus field. The
ata ld of the it
display seconds con- | PROA
inca. Es
The ion una [croton
==
ere da ery plo.
ciReuIT IDEAS
Soe sonde The program (far) and | have been sd inthe program, Pass | dla Sc sud fr dil. Silas,
dit ued fr the pape are given be: | ct Uat baie calla the play mu. | if register contain 00 then no dut
ei mnemee und machine a | pad a the end fades Bel,
‘Te program se exlaatry. Inland wth thr 0 or 1 windkate | clue Hf » comenta aro O1, à date
"The program an data have ban en | tthe monior program a a where te | displayed.
tered poc mem loons Hw. | weis o abovemetioed memory lo. | When the program in et onthe
er, oder ar er o use any | eins ae tobe displayed (a, ares | mier Lit tll sound wuld be
‘hee ery ars ln heir is, depend: | ldo dat Bld, and wheter a dot | heard Gr afew erde. The odes and
Ing on thir onvenenee, Two rior |i ob dplaye atthe ond of adres | dota els woud intl play +
programa rel in ts mama) at | Gel ot Readers saad rer thie oO m
Ha sr caring the apa) | is documentan bee cing the di | 0 indcts start a rt ped wih 00
smd eso (for delaying contents of | play routine) In Vin? roger | a ped minutes and 0 seeds in the
‘memory hai, sa th ss in | À contents ar 00, the adress el is | data fel. The data eld (con) are
‘he odds and data ala spiel) | sel or play, and 4 O, the | ein Incrementa.
op Mo Coma A Dedo Lab Mao. Ca
aus Dam ALU Camden Free um Bo
BOSS Be Su ES don Bite
E, ae" E E A
A lan en mm Eo
BE he, e A mat BE
a | ae EA
Pee dre te FE BRE mouse
Die een. A ECTS
DUR OA beau iR 5
Ben Du Bone [2 i
nus a FE
FO OU mn |B Ad
Sie Be en E
en A Enr Ge
ag cm mm Shain [Ee de
sam, me Eason. EA
ne en aw SSW etme =| at Goes
ae mu EEE eu ce
S Bou, o JS,
ek, ft mom EE
Hig Seo somone
Soe sonde The program (far) and | have been sd inthe program, Pass | dla Sc sud fr dil. Silas,
dit ued fr the pape are given be: | ct Uat baie calla the play mu. | if register contain 00 then no dut
ei mnemee und machine a | pad a the end fades Bel,
‘Te program se exlaatry. Inland wth thr 0 or 1 windkate | clue Hf » comenta aro O1, à date
"The program an data have ban en | tthe monior program a a where te | displayed.
tered poc mem loons Hw. | weis o abovemetioed memory lo. | When the program in et onthe
er, oder ar er o use any | eins ae tobe displayed (a, ares | mier Lit tll sound wuld be
‘hee ery ars ln heir is, depend: | ldo dat Bld, and wheter a dot | heard Gr afew erde. The odes and
Ing on thir onvenenee, Two rior |i ob dplaye atthe ond of adres | dota els woud intl play +
programa rel in ts mama) at | Gel ot Readers saad rer thie oO m
Ha sr caring the apa) | is documentan bee cing the di | 0 indcts start a rt ped wih 00
smd eso (for delaying contents of | play routine) In Vin? roger | a ped minutes and 0 seeds in the
‘memory hai, sa th ss in | À contents ar 00, the adress el is | data fel. The data eld (con) are
‘he odds and data ala spiel) | sel or play, and 4 O, the | ein Incrementa.
op Mo Coma A Dedo Lab Mao. Ca
aus Dam ALU Camden Free um Bo
BOSS Be Su ES don Bite
E, ae" E E A
A lan en mm Eo
BE he, e A mat BE
a | ae EA
Pee dre te FE BRE mouse
Die een. A ECTS
DUR OA beau iR 5
Ben Du Bone [2 i
nus a FE
FO OU mn |B Ad
Sie Be en E
en A Enr Ge
ag cm mm Shain [Ee de
sam, me Eason. EA
ne en aw SSW etme =| at Goes
ae mu EEE eu ce
S Bou, o JS,
ek, ft mom EE
Hig Seo somone
BD" am DEA Rpt ptt oan
Day mac, eS Sa
tee o sean pre we
DESIGNING AN RF PROBE e et
“aes, us
“The el ne vela a he cath
NS, HARISANAR, vun SF See
eigen
re ke —_ Peer
Somes: [m | e citradr
A EA
Points. one of the mot wa ct gee depends onthe peak mon vol
Instraments o home brewers as weas AAAI yp on cf dde 0. The ade lead
Brom eme eee | 22 Eidos >
Soe = a Pie Ta Tun
tage lel ng mated pre | E
vi wl reno ny wien Oe | Ha
es hasbeen del Gene nabs | 30
See mhimetr Te design af | 2
(rane à Race of te mem mm | Sts
Tate we Rh a ma sine | AR
cn ao ruta wand wane L 300
Pree, the reading wil be inert. The
fal of fr fae i ewe that
then Oi rer conde para
Te si np ein ofthe mulim-
‘ey, the pak value bat 110 ties | given Toad
as va Reir, has drop
this uns vela that mer indi: |(m our
ton e rare we Know the pat | vo (m
rosa of te mete, we can ell | using the
the vale o with the ha of thf | Following
Towing relations: relation
Teter c input usan
Bun,
Then = =e De np roe
fredy ee er aged mento
qtr ara Ode bad
‘ety labrar pare
rep
For angl, if meter igor
ace 2 ego = 2828 eg
and à = 828 wep,
We a convert th lago Het | the
sab 1885/5080 spon,
Day mac, eS Sa
tee o sean pre we
DESIGNING AN RF PROBE e et
“aes, us
“The el ne vela a he cath
NS, HARISANAR, vun SF See
eigen
re ke —_ Peer
Somes: [m | e citradr
A EA
Points. one of the mot wa ct gee depends onthe peak mon vol
Instraments o home brewers as weas AAAI yp on cf dde 0. The ade lead
Brom eme eee | 22 Eidos >
Soe = a Pie Ta Tun
tage lel ng mated pre | E
vi wl reno ny wien Oe | Ha
es hasbeen del Gene nabs | 30
See mhimetr Te design af | 2
(rane à Race of te mem mm | Sts
Tate we Rh a ma sine | AR
cn ao ruta wand wane L 300
Pree, the reading wil be inert. The
fal of fr fae i ewe that
then Oi rer conde para
Te si np ein ofthe mulim-
‘ey, the pak value bat 110 ties | given Toad
as va Reir, has drop
this uns vela that mer indi: |(m our
ton e rare we Know the pat | vo (m
rosa of te mete, we can ell | using the
the vale o with the ha of thf | Following
Towing relations: relation
Teter c input usan
Bun,
Then = =e De np roe
fredy ee er aged mento
qtr ara Ode bad
‘ety labrar pare
rep
For angl, if meter igor
ace 2 ego = 2828 eg
and à = 828 wep,
We a convert th lago Het | the
sab 1885/5080 spon,
Februar
Asinefc cit can easly be wid
sen
PC BASED SPEED SHARE TR ar
E ‘extended to 25:pin parallel port may be
ey [seins
MONITORING SYSTEM Las tt Mae pty
auihes from various manufacture,
SANTHOSH JAYARAJAN ar ovale nthe markt The impor
fan secon ide peroing DC
Folge range. operating cuen ond is
pret dete the ae | th machine. The output the ct, | senal, e. the mari ditance
‘and hardware necsary to man | aval us rest 2 if tothe | from a metale oje such that the
{er and apar in mal ine he | PCrin25 in D eomectart para ct | mh operate. Tew prats are
seed any rating
“je The speed | LPTL-PnlprtainstodutaitDT ofthe | normally mentioned om the proximity
Ima be dtinedlterdiplayed in any of | ip por Shen) ofthe LPI port ha: | eich fo nthe panini.
the tre uit: RA (o mito), HPS | ing e sr and pin 25 | erature
{rende RPH rr our, The | ned o PC ground ac, is 18
tem usos sampling Lie of to sd | thro 25 th paral or ar strapped
Anan tr opto 18 mito of taper | tether and anne to grund Toe software
Mi The andy atescanbesael rad | The proximity evich mount on | Th satura ok diagram ofthe st
any speed andthe asian | a lou pr, sch a a Bol sul | ware shown in Pig 4 The ua has
ta brave dusend po
‘The hardware m
in insuch away tht tres ach hof | the loving Eur main md, which
nly comprises a | the rotting pr a shown in Pig. 3. Teo | are activated from the man me ing
ron sch whose ouput l con. | ng ut ar provided on the traded fur ft fanion he FI reg PA
ete to the printer
TD por a co
pote through a po.
tem can be med to
mania seed
tating parts he
as or o read and
record wind good
Eh ATR a CT
ny in py ==
a anne ==
mn AAA Cal
EAS
‘The hardware interface circuit is given | The software Lun
in Fe 1. A DOV AC
350m soondary traseros | ete to number [er mu
ly D 705 is ued fer catering tothe | toih (vin vence |_ 22
omer supply repent fr pros | during every mel 2 Prony ai
rich and he optocoupler. The posi | ton whieh wed by
dy avi as bw in
echt. Te urbe ss tat | ud, nr may us pet:
tego (chen) de
daring erry revlon ref be own | ung fr Pace ae
‘sich (eg. RO Electrons’ EDPIO) | d'RPAL RPS, or RP, as
‘hich operis a 0 o 24 DO. ‘he co may be In am
"The induce ype premi ao | specie applet, where rem or ee.
et ny eal au fu a tae | nal ains parts
abr 6 mm to 8m Th. a ar er | um preset and indie mum
A eg em
primar to OV, | prampis the operator
he 2 isa win | the roam fer eut
primi och | cr switch todo the
fbr he ware cla the ped | ping pro. u ring pora och
sen
PC BASED SPEED SHARE TR ar
E ‘extended to 25:pin parallel port may be
ey [seins
MONITORING SYSTEM Las tt Mae pty
auihes from various manufacture,
SANTHOSH JAYARAJAN ar ovale nthe markt The impor
fan secon ide peroing DC
Folge range. operating cuen ond is
pret dete the ae | th machine. The output the ct, | senal, e. the mari ditance
‘and hardware necsary to man | aval us rest 2 if tothe | from a metale oje such that the
{er and apar in mal ine he | PCrin25 in D eomectart para ct | mh operate. Tew prats are
seed any rating
“je The speed | LPTL-PnlprtainstodutaitDT ofthe | normally mentioned om the proximity
Ima be dtinedlterdiplayed in any of | ip por Shen) ofthe LPI port ha: | eich fo nthe panini.
the tre uit: RA (o mito), HPS | ing e sr and pin 25 | erature
{rende RPH rr our, The | ned o PC ground ac, is 18
tem usos sampling Lie of to sd | thro 25 th paral or ar strapped
Anan tr opto 18 mito of taper | tether and anne to grund Toe software
Mi The andy atescanbesael rad | The proximity evich mount on | Th satura ok diagram ofthe st
any speed andthe asian | a lou pr, sch a a Bol sul | ware shown in Pig 4 The ua has
ta brave dusend po
‘The hardware m
in insuch away tht tres ach hof | the loving Eur main md, which
nly comprises a | the rotting pr a shown in Pig. 3. Teo | are activated from the man me ing
ron sch whose ouput l con. | ng ut ar provided on the traded fur ft fanion he FI reg PA
ete to the printer
TD por a co
pote through a po.
tem can be med to
mania seed
tating parts he
as or o read and
record wind good
Eh ATR a CT
ny in py ==
a anne ==
mn AAA Cal
EAS
‘The hardware interface circuit is given | The software Lun
in Fe 1. A DOV AC
350m soondary traseros | ete to number [er mu
ly D 705 is ued fer catering tothe | toih (vin vence |_ 22
omer supply repent fr pros | during every mel 2 Prony ai
rich and he optocoupler. The posi | ton whieh wed by
dy avi as bw in
echt. Te urbe ss tat | ud, nr may us pet:
tego (chen) de
daring erry revlon ref be own | ung fr Pace ae
‘sich (eg. RO Electrons’ EDPIO) | d'RPAL RPS, or RP, as
‘hich operis a 0 o 24 DO. ‘he co may be In am
"The induce ype premi ao | specie applet, where rem or ee.
et ny eal au fu a tae | nal ains parts
abr 6 mm to 8m Th. a ar er | um preset and indie mum
A eg em
primar to OV, | prampis the operator
he 2 isa win | the roam fer eut
primi och | cr switch todo the
fbr he ware cla the ped | ping pro. u ring pora och
Fes mee
CET"
Pai td bon
“kod ae
eS tba
C= our 10 ttc
fc! Ona ter
{he ester wats forthe ft pale
from the proximity rth to ar
rang and cp of dla
6 Then ene listo un,
rich has the flowing Farber op
Fp Sr am ara
his sae can be sed to copar]
and menue the speed a ny rating
par fr a maim of eight minuten
sith a Wa sampling me af two se
sed. he star has ur mena lr
ewe can beste fem the Maa
Mens
Tn Coptureoitor made te st
Inare has two trigger modes, vz
asma ih mar ay rin nd
At, ich wal thea pero
the sone
‘The eure le can be viewed in
any Xasi al Homer pi com
ingot othe ie page are cped it,
‘When wing the ear th fo ped
clan, plas ener te toh pr
rt o enable inter clan
pad be mado
Enter the fesame where the a
ls o be soe, when prompt. The
ae lan be viewed in the view page
spina a nab fe nase eres
othe le ant be opened, a ero
played and the ser ean xt to Main |
Press Any Key toReturn to Main.
+++SPEED MASTER HELP PAGE+++ (TO
1. Speed monitor end capture mod:
te The malo e usd toto the
‘cd sd sore the data in a werden
(a) The modal ist prompt othe
‘nae, The ie name entered th
cn ete DAT.
QD The nn etry is alld grr
sane pois how be are shld
‘art monitoring and ati dat. The
‘nes are t= manuel and 2 ae L
tion 1 e sled the tem wat fr
ey pres 1 start the maig ad
Spring pers,
option 2 (ato mode) is selected,
sogesccssccsseeel
‘ange of spend which ast be more
han the macia speed that
ecto The option are:
Tuna
220 unis, de
(0 Te nat entry aces the nam
ter of tet and represents the number
of pales rm the primi eich per
rt,
‘Aer making the ave ene, the
ling message ls displayed on the
eft ar Pr e e ton
depending en the ge ed. I anal
ido as hen selected, en it an ly
{watt to mode ce, the sal
are mis forthe fea pale fom the
procimiy sento pret, The dilo
ono the spendin unit std
din capture fo name, Pring ESC
(St the mentor mode ar sing e
capture fl. Prsäng any aber hey ro
2. Viewing a graph file. This md.
ei o view an exit dat Be
gun cuneta DEMODAT fle
aro thorn ina bx (sing ight dm)
[fa necesitan name a cored, the
sofware detects the opening er and
prompts the wer or re-entering the
Flame. The var prompt ener
ing ie rg data are
a) Ple name Entre fal name
CET"
Pai td bon
“kod ae
eS tba
C= our 10 ttc
fc! Ona ter
{he ester wats forthe ft pale
from the proximity rth to ar
rang and cp of dla
6 Then ene listo un,
rich has the flowing Farber op
Fp Sr am ara
his sae can be sed to copar]
and menue the speed a ny rating
par fr a maim of eight minuten
sith a Wa sampling me af two se
sed. he star has ur mena lr
ewe can beste fem the Maa
Mens
Tn Coptureoitor made te st
Inare has two trigger modes, vz
asma ih mar ay rin nd
At, ich wal thea pero
the sone
‘The eure le can be viewed in
any Xasi al Homer pi com
ingot othe ie page are cped it,
‘When wing the ear th fo ped
clan, plas ener te toh pr
rt o enable inter clan
pad be mado
Enter the fesame where the a
ls o be soe, when prompt. The
ae lan be viewed in the view page
spina a nab fe nase eres
othe le ant be opened, a ero
played and the ser ean xt to Main |
Press Any Key toReturn to Main.
+++SPEED MASTER HELP PAGE+++ (TO
1. Speed monitor end capture mod:
te The malo e usd toto the
‘cd sd sore the data in a werden
(a) The modal ist prompt othe
‘nae, The ie name entered th
cn ete DAT.
QD The nn etry is alld grr
sane pois how be are shld
‘art monitoring and ati dat. The
‘nes are t= manuel and 2 ae L
tion 1 e sled the tem wat fr
ey pres 1 start the maig ad
Spring pers,
option 2 (ato mode) is selected,
sogesccssccsseeel
‘ange of spend which ast be more
han the macia speed that
ecto The option are:
Tuna
220 unis, de
(0 Te nat entry aces the nam
ter of tet and represents the number
of pales rm the primi eich per
rt,
‘Aer making the ave ene, the
ling message ls displayed on the
eft ar Pr e e ton
depending en the ge ed. I anal
ido as hen selected, en it an ly
{watt to mode ce, the sal
are mis forthe fea pale fom the
procimiy sento pret, The dilo
ono the spendin unit std
din capture fo name, Pring ESC
(St the mentor mode ar sing e
capture fl. Prsäng any aber hey ro
2. Viewing a graph file. This md.
ei o view an exit dat Be
gun cuneta DEMODAT fle
aro thorn ina bx (sing ight dm)
[fa necesitan name a cored, the
sofware detects the opening er and
prompts the wer or re-entering the
Flame. The var prompt ener
ing ie rg data are
a) Ple name Entre fal name
with ete.
(0 ter the sai sal toro en
ae the graph ob rich on x
as to cere camped pints prope
‘Aer entering the ware wl, he ape
opero lng wih all eran data, ke
Seale tr fo and ys, le nae,
sod wit te
(6 Wes in the raph mode, you
nay ie anew gph afer pring FL
Fr rtuming tothe main men, ps
E
3. Help. Tis module provides ene
page a el and made fo focal
HELPS Ith cannot pad,
vela ot aa, the stare preps
vid “Help fe nit fund or ana be
ene” Presing any ky fom the bp
pe tun one 1 man en The am
{este of HELPSPGL ar given nthe be
(en previo page.
Program Listing for SPEEDM.CPP
Taran sit aha the
=
vu ng ange te ee
‘eis lis
om
Etes
Ferne eh
Sena en.
‘tbe om
Pr;
un
SAGE VIEW SPEED vn TIME
te SAND TRACK EL
ne er vo su rex
sella
in 0 ae +
nt
2
ar ene
Le met
Line
Fe
Pa
or he a nin ad ss de
Sade Seno rack
Fan
men
Shoes ourae nor
ae se a pt de
Sonora
ER ot Ut Seinen
a
Pe
em one
aces Temi
oi m
primi,
Son
HA bn
teers,
Pang
oem
fae necio
Faber
Po
tg nt onen
a ett ca
se" md: Mama “Prat 0) e
HERSTELLEN uno ir
‘Ph meda Aut al lr hs pl
(0 ter the sai sal toro en
ae the graph ob rich on x
as to cere camped pints prope
‘Aer entering the ware wl, he ape
opero lng wih all eran data, ke
Seale tr fo and ys, le nae,
sod wit te
(6 Wes in the raph mode, you
nay ie anew gph afer pring FL
Fr rtuming tothe main men, ps
E
3. Help. Tis module provides ene
page a el and made fo focal
HELPS Ith cannot pad,
vela ot aa, the stare preps
vid “Help fe nit fund or ana be
ene” Presing any ky fom the bp
pe tun one 1 man en The am
{este of HELPSPGL ar given nthe be
(en previo page.
Program Listing for SPEEDM.CPP
Taran sit aha the
=
vu ng ange te ee
‘eis lis
om
Etes
Ferne eh
Sena en.
‘tbe om
Pr;
un
SAGE VIEW SPEED vn TIME
te SAND TRACK EL
ne er vo su rex
sella
in 0 ae +
nt
2
ar ene
Le met
Line
Fe
Pa
or he a nin ad ss de
Sade Seno rack
Fan
men
Shoes ourae nor
ae se a pt de
Sonora
ER ot Ut Seinen
a
Pe
em one
aces Temi
oi m
primi,
Son
HA bn
teers,
Pang
oem
fae necio
Faber
Po
tg nt onen
a ett ca
se" md: Mama “Prat 0) e
HERSTELLEN uno ir
‘Ph meda Aut al lr hs pl
en
HA
at
i go itn)
han
=
erent
arado CLICK
a
Fe
ct tte ed depending on u
Por ee
‘coustauction
posse
Gentes bee master
GE rue ac >
Ea
Pr
ent wie cr
HA
at
i go itn)
han
=
erent
arado CLICK
a
Fe
ct tte ed depending on u
Por ee
‘coustauction
posse
Gentes bee master
GE rue ac >
Ea
Pr
ent wie cr
onsraueriou
Augen, or mesa Ps
‘<0 on nnd mor tt ber de
Lt ch
Seren
‘Stain 1057 Tair aux ‘ttt see)
‘Spann oe, h
Secon SEE mu NOT AVALABLE on ROR | ha ute:
ime 10 | catre
EN | ="
yee ty feat
negate mae
neon ’
Es a
Augen, or mesa Ps
‘<0 on nnd mor tt ber de
Lt ch
Seren
‘Stain 1057 Tair aux ‘ttt see)
‘Spann oe, h
Secon SEE mu NOT AVALABLE on ROR | ha ute:
ime 10 | catre
EN | ="
yee ty feat
negate mae
neon ’
Es a
STEREO CASSETTE PLAYER PS
xa
con bb alway ide | mo costo player i shown in Pig. 1
"laurel Istening a son. | The cuit maybe ded int re ne
rom a costo player semble | tonal wens a shown the ick da
‘rh his om hand Hee aro to dei | gram.
à aero cute pager wi the |" Seton 1 Pig. 2). comprics aso
towing fotoo, wich many ern
REJO G. PAREKKATTU
oo head preamplifier,» foncin she
te, and an AM tint The prea
ier bulk and LABEL The
{rom Mob sero RP (record
laa a une 1 he ki and
"tint pin nd SOLAS pam
Per 90 reputed pom sup.
ind fra the valage outer bat
round transistr Ty it tied fo the
rampe The output ofthis pre.
lier are routed to the function ear
nie around two CDAD (qd ti
flr analogue wich and an HEPOOIT
fa coute
‘When any nt inp in 6.6.1,
«ba ocd lee to able and
apn input, ad anes
2. Fase sound modes oral, ln
Ser — m — a
Tiga con ser in LE
oot, he and bas
À Bas and ble nto
{Puan ad put eel plays
& Bali rame eds
ob phone
Description
‘Te functional ck dagram a ste | FT Fanta BOR gr a ane caso amer
Etat M
Set” a
+
FRE Pope and onion ar FE
xa
con bb alway ide | mo costo player i shown in Pig. 1
"laurel Istening a son. | The cuit maybe ded int re ne
rom a costo player semble | tonal wens a shown the ick da
‘rh his om hand Hee aro to dei | gram.
à aero cute pager wi the |" Seton 1 Pig. 2). comprics aso
towing fotoo, wich many ern
REJO G. PAREKKATTU
oo head preamplifier,» foncin she
te, and an AM tint The prea
ier bulk and LABEL The
{rom Mob sero RP (record
laa a une 1 he ki and
"tint pin nd SOLAS pam
Per 90 reputed pom sup.
ind fra the valage outer bat
round transistr Ty it tied fo the
rampe The output ofthis pre.
lier are routed to the function ear
nie around two CDAD (qd ti
flr analogue wich and an HEPOOIT
fa coute
‘When any nt inp in 6.6.1,
«ba ocd lee to able and
apn input, ad anes
2. Fase sound modes oral, ln
Ser — m — a
Tiga con ser in LE
oot, he and bas
À Bas and ble nto
{Puan ad put eel plays
& Bali rame eds
ob phone
Description
‘Te functional ck dagram a ste | FT Fanta BOR gr a ane caso amer
Etat M
Set” a
+
FRE Pope and onion ar FE
and 13) of | Son In thr words acta an ana | ala the utut of the premier
lau eich which can be tamed eno | reach de copa! ena ofthe ce
of by making ts Input cnt pin high | At the amo tne, 9 regulated power
lw À ane wntins ar such | supply ote prep ix id on
villes (A BC, und Di The | thrugh tanto TL When & (in 0
onl inputs ofthe two 105 CDAS, | gos igh any ti siga applied 10
Se derived be dede euer I | the ala UP temas ut UP (Li
(GHEPCOIM, Only Ar pas ofthis JC | and Au. TAG) tech the uput tora
(00 reo QD are sd and the Rh | nal. When Q9 (in 7) pee ih the
caga Qt (in 10) come tothe | power to bah the PL traiter and
‘et pin in 16) vi dede DI Prcampllr is sel on and ie sg
"When poor stud on, he output | als ren the realer appear atthe
(0 gin) of i wi be high In is | as tumor TS (BIS) which, in
1.2 respec | enden any li signal eds the ra. | association with seme passive compe
tively) in| do 1P terminal races the sepa. I | nents, ms an F transmit The de.
bath irc. | desi, the ai att fom a radio | tal o ol L are inode in he part
Ist The que a anne ls
Arten 8 ad 108 M.
"To begun canbe sil vad
y ads rome captor VOL The
tran sigas ca eres ny
FAL receiver working in 8.108 MIE
rang, LEDs D2 though DS are lateral
LEDS wich are ud ody hes
Iced cn.
“tin I. This section emplea a
FET dal operational ampli LEI
ue pain for din! audio frequen
‘he stl he corresponding po
Tentioneer stings (VE ad
VES Be bus, VR ad VIS hr
tebe re and gt anal
respectively ad, aditionally,
gs by san mode car wich
AMAS Sa The impli ceca di
ram Be leh chanel shown
{Fig 4, while the complte
wa] | schema cireuit diogram in
‘horn in ig &
Tn the simpli diagram,
the fan of dedo counter
rete ‘© CHEF 4017) an gle ann.
He | | gue sicher 10 (CDut6 are
JSS] | relato singe oie, SW
The cugat of peamplier oe.
‘en D pp a put to tbe
‘averting terminal ofopamp ICS
‘al, Potentiometera VE and
‘VR are wed 1 ten fe.
‘porno (a) and igh fe.
{ence Gree) repose
Te nara made (QD ot
pato high ple etch
SW iin nc ith tral
1 and 2 lames, I is
condition, normal gain is
bite oi high and ow
Fg 8 To and ur made coma Saca Y frequencies as per stings of
lau eich which can be tamed eno | reach de copa! ena ofthe ce
of by making ts Input cnt pin high | At the amo tne, 9 regulated power
lw À ane wntins ar such | supply ote prep ix id on
villes (A BC, und Di The | thrugh tanto TL When & (in 0
onl inputs ofthe two 105 CDAS, | gos igh any ti siga applied 10
Se derived be dede euer I | the ala UP temas ut UP (Li
(GHEPCOIM, Only Ar pas ofthis JC | and Au. TAG) tech the uput tora
(00 reo QD are sd and the Rh | nal. When Q9 (in 7) pee ih the
caga Qt (in 10) come tothe | power to bah the PL traiter and
‘et pin in 16) vi dede DI Prcampllr is sel on and ie sg
"When poor stud on, he output | als ren the realer appear atthe
(0 gin) of i wi be high In is | as tumor TS (BIS) which, in
1.2 respec | enden any li signal eds the ra. | association with seme passive compe
tively) in| do 1P terminal races the sepa. I | nents, ms an F transmit The de.
bath irc. | desi, the ai att fom a radio | tal o ol L are inode in he part
Ist The que a anne ls
Arten 8 ad 108 M.
"To begun canbe sil vad
y ads rome captor VOL The
tran sigas ca eres ny
FAL receiver working in 8.108 MIE
rang, LEDs D2 though DS are lateral
LEDS wich are ud ody hes
Iced cn.
“tin I. This section emplea a
FET dal operational ampli LEI
ue pain for din! audio frequen
‘he stl he corresponding po
Tentioneer stings (VE ad
VES Be bus, VR ad VIS hr
tebe re and gt anal
respectively ad, aditionally,
gs by san mode car wich
AMAS Sa The impli ceca di
ram Be leh chanel shown
{Fig 4, while the complte
wa] | schema cireuit diogram in
‘horn in ig &
Tn the simpli diagram,
the fan of dedo counter
rete ‘© CHEF 4017) an gle ann.
He | | gue sicher 10 (CDut6 are
JSS] | relato singe oie, SW
The cugat of peamplier oe.
‘en D pp a put to tbe
‘averting terminal ofopamp ICS
‘al, Potentiometera VE and
‘VR are wed 1 ten fe.
‘porno (a) and igh fe.
{ence Gree) repose
Te nara made (QD ot
pato high ple etch
SW iin nc ith tral
1 and 2 lames, I is
condition, normal gain is
bite oi high and ow
Fg 8 To and ur made coma Saca Y frequencies as per stings of
Vis nd VIA, Bathe mi
range frequency compo
ets ge attuned due
(weapon CALOR
nthe Bi mud (QL
put 17 ih), plo
(ihe ech in tat
achieve fr entire audio
ge
Hg rage ince cr
peter Ct iind
From efec pth
‘When plea mich
‘vin putin 202 ot
pat 167 igh the te
Fam mi range
in ofthe amplifier fr
tery lo frquendes in
sens a dá
Fe eine 10k
Ried in he
fon op Ti i the
Tonga bon mode
‘When ple is incon. Fe POI nude love ca ana power spay (Seen
i a 8 mt cr
Innen”. cin
ls Fra]
A
[ise zac
lee,
mans Fm o pt
[ai
evescrenem,
eared
[ce loge 2 eee
ole <a arcón
excreta
Ecco
eres
ici 25 ie
exce,
PORT
Ft peter
ei Fee
ES Der
E o am
ES BE deci
[Erencıscw. Pa ce
[escu ante pie
(cucu
Ca
a ame
Ean pee
aa pee
FN cee
aia erie
op 25 ce
‘og 2 ete
SE ane
7.22980, tam ir
Tp ve ad
Hombre)
Pras ba
eh ood 200
‘cre man
te wih poe
Sard rte
range frequency compo
ets ge attuned due
(weapon CALOR
nthe Bi mud (QL
put 17 ih), plo
(ihe ech in tat
achieve fr entire audio
ge
Hg rage ince cr
peter Ct iind
From efec pth
‘When plea mich
‘vin putin 202 ot
pat 167 igh the te
Fam mi range
in ofthe amplifier fr
tery lo frquendes in
sens a dá
Fe eine 10k
Ried in he
fon op Ti i the
Tonga bon mode
‘When ple is incon. Fe POI nude love ca ana power spay (Seen
i a 8 mt cr
Innen”. cin
ls Fra]
A
[ise zac
lee,
mans Fm o pt
[ai
evescrenem,
eared
[ce loge 2 eee
ole <a arcón
excreta
Ecco
eres
ici 25 ie
exce,
PORT
Ft peter
ei Fee
ES Der
E o am
ES BE deci
[Erencıscw. Pa ce
[escu ante pie
(cucu
Ca
a ame
Ean pee
aa pee
FN cee
aia erie
op 25 ce
‘og 2 ete
SE ane
7.22980, tam ir
Tp ve ad
Hombre)
Pras ba
eh ood 200
‘cre man
te wih poe
Sard rte
tac with terminal 3 (QS output of CT
ieh nea gain is provided Le the
highrequeney components (ele) and
igor gun aval far a wide range
fo deen freee, in each the
ato mentioned modes ial dependent
m i and VR potter sting
a he actual eet diga the bi
polar analog eicher (CD40 races
th SW. The LED, D, Dr snd DO
ar ued ropes the sound des
loros, and XBAS rot
Sih wae tian
idos At power on, Q in 3) of
Koh snd ire nal mund mde
‘Section I Pig. 8. Ti sc on.
Dei an audi power amplifier, a 12
ua poner spy, and an ad vi
au Te poner amplifier wel Is de
popular ICTATEON, wich divers up io
Fatt GAS) power per chanel ine
nod. Ti IC ha inl bet ie
‘ait rec and overdemperstu at
‘St Arable best sink mtr wanes
lo I 1 pret thermal runaway
Pieters VES and VIS are rune co
tol e a and ight chanel espe
{iy wile VR th lnc conte
À dal power sul a und forthe
ci Th +1 socio wn 3 Ber
Sd capaci in Ue pall ams and
an nda in th snes arm. Home,
Tir the LV supply the indo of he
‘eves am (as ed fr NV sp) ie
rele ya rest Files ae peed
0 rduc th ippe far and re
dor hum oie Pea rf incor
caer hit
ant 1 RAT LED DM heh
Tai are ome ts opta sh
the ain lel ofeach cht in fe
pa Te apt ia sudo ed nd
‘ater derived fram the oupu of the
poner ample. The gin ofthis lev
fear can be varied by changing Be
Vals eters RS and RO.
‘Assembly
‘The complete crt, with the expo
he dio le neto, an be me
sented na sal PCB. A separate PCB
de used forthe ada Teel indicator
and Br manne LEDS (D2 though
DS) Snglesied, cule PCB forthe
complete cr s gen in Pi. 7. The
compense he FCB i hw
ares
Uso scat al 1 exept IC ad
109. Sled wire mit eed con.
‘cto to dares head and al pote
tere, The POD must be mold vay
from power trandormer and DO mir
dcr L2 should alo be placed
aay rm the poner tante I
Actor LE he procuro a Bb.
ui may bo abetted witha cm,
SN wire mound mar
A tal case dre mechan
nd cine maybe sel semble he
eo caste payer, Rey eb
‘tsa cameo mchaniens ar val.
ie mart
“Ads peters VRL en VEZ or
minimum Sistrtin st higher volume
ee Us separate serlo for FM trae
‘titer snd Fa reaver 3
ieh nea gain is provided Le the
highrequeney components (ele) and
igor gun aval far a wide range
fo deen freee, in each the
ato mentioned modes ial dependent
m i and VR potter sting
a he actual eet diga the bi
polar analog eicher (CD40 races
th SW. The LED, D, Dr snd DO
ar ued ropes the sound des
loros, and XBAS rot
Sih wae tian
idos At power on, Q in 3) of
Koh snd ire nal mund mde
‘Section I Pig. 8. Ti sc on.
Dei an audi power amplifier, a 12
ua poner spy, and an ad vi
au Te poner amplifier wel Is de
popular ICTATEON, wich divers up io
Fatt GAS) power per chanel ine
nod. Ti IC ha inl bet ie
‘ait rec and overdemperstu at
‘St Arable best sink mtr wanes
lo I 1 pret thermal runaway
Pieters VES and VIS are rune co
tol e a and ight chanel espe
{iy wile VR th lnc conte
À dal power sul a und forthe
ci Th +1 socio wn 3 Ber
Sd capaci in Ue pall ams and
an nda in th snes arm. Home,
Tir the LV supply the indo of he
‘eves am (as ed fr NV sp) ie
rele ya rest Files ae peed
0 rduc th ippe far and re
dor hum oie Pea rf incor
caer hit
ant 1 RAT LED DM heh
Tai are ome ts opta sh
the ain lel ofeach cht in fe
pa Te apt ia sudo ed nd
‘ater derived fram the oupu of the
poner ample. The gin ofthis lev
fear can be varied by changing Be
Vals eters RS and RO.
‘Assembly
‘The complete crt, with the expo
he dio le neto, an be me
sented na sal PCB. A separate PCB
de used forthe ada Teel indicator
and Br manne LEDS (D2 though
DS) Snglesied, cule PCB forthe
complete cr s gen in Pi. 7. The
compense he FCB i hw
ares
Uso scat al 1 exept IC ad
109. Sled wire mit eed con.
‘cto to dares head and al pote
tere, The POD must be mold vay
from power trandormer and DO mir
dcr L2 should alo be placed
aay rm the poner tante I
Actor LE he procuro a Bb.
ui may bo abetted witha cm,
SN wire mound mar
A tal case dre mechan
nd cine maybe sel semble he
eo caste payer, Rey eb
‘tsa cameo mchaniens ar val.
ie mart
“Ads peters VRL en VEZ or
minimum Sistrtin st higher volume
ee Us separate serlo for FM trae
‘titer snd Fa reaver 3
CIRCUIT IDEAS
BASS AND TREBLE FOR
STEREO SYSTEM
VIVEK SHUKLA
eden audi equney ampli
fers provide Dat frequency re
me over the whale ud
‘ange oc 6H DL To et the
{al reproduction of ound ve red dp
lod, which prole by hss on
‘utes Hence rqueney mts should
‘amped mere than the Mig reqene
‘ter es o eater othe inde)
{lite and alo oe the fe of aise
present withthe signal, proviso base
[nd roble tl amado Te combina
‘ut e bend oa neo.
“The cal fr as ná tbl at
shown inthe figure à quí simple and
shine The creat i designed to
Ie add fr any sare tem. Here,
the power sappy is 120k DC, which
‘maybe upped rte power supply of
sae tem ht Pr tho sake for:
Sty, the Bre hee abo al eon chan.
tl he cate the aber chanel be
Ing dental Th input fr he cet 6
{ken fa the output ef preamplifier
age forthe fh wal gt anal
‘ese pe
Pam VEL (10kl-chn) in
sexes ih opc CA Terms the le
LB.
=
ne, bs has ni testen, and tie
‘la tw bt Whe the eri at
tdo loma ed, capter Ch
in pra pto VR a ni
Poston bss wil have maximum atm
{en dong bas ex.
Eas beet ed Dust ao aire
9 215 dB at 1 Re, compared othe ut
pt at 1K blo best and tele at
lr la ellie by the same amount at
centr When ie aider of pteticner | 20 is, compar tthe value at 10
‘Rt i at he lover nd, minimum ele
ral develops ars he hd. The low
Sst pi refered 1 a be eu A
{he er is moved upward, more and
‘re ele gl id up. ih
pan red os re ont.
Bass wold be et ifcopactve reo
‘Aer ascii to cul, we may
eck tn perermane ofthe bas and
{ible eine lows
1, St the aie of th potentiometers
a dr md gens
2 mon the servo aten.
3.80 be volume ent of sao
aoc inser with he linea
‘hus, when the alder a poletoneter
VEZ is atthe upper end. paar CL
stored and the signal gus div to
{he net sag, bypassing apacr CL
PROTECTION FOR YOUR /
ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES <="
MALAY BANERJEE
eis a very lost eit a
ave your decry operated
plane sacha TV tae re
Vorder lagers and ihnen
uring sun ging and resume l
mans supi. Applies Ike rer
(ers an evcndiioers ar mare pe
o damage due to such ens.
"To simple ciel gen Bere obs
ten at mie.
“Bethe aera the potion oop
ting und ft.
"This resi an be cay sont
sing general purse PB,
‘The eat compis sep
tenais flowed hy a al ao ete
Fund emocthigcapnor Cl whichacts
‘ply rue for lay LA Iii,
When he celts vice on poe
‘Supply patho the stp down transfer
AT mol a he bed e nop, at
the vole l in denied sate. To
ene the rela, pes ich SI fi a
‘Short duration. is complete the path
Te be supply 1 trance Ka abo
the lad vn done act of sie.
cf he main ap tothe loads wen | Mean, he sup to relay scene
ds A power tn The sup can e | avala nd pt erg to prove
rocumed only hy manual intervention.
‘paral pth forthe supp the ane
‘Th the spp may be ech on oly | farmers wel she od
lor hs sea
TE thre is ay inerapin in the
BASS AND TREBLE FOR
STEREO SYSTEM
VIVEK SHUKLA
eden audi equney ampli
fers provide Dat frequency re
me over the whale ud
‘ange oc 6H DL To et the
{al reproduction of ound ve red dp
lod, which prole by hss on
‘utes Hence rqueney mts should
‘amped mere than the Mig reqene
‘ter es o eater othe inde)
{lite and alo oe the fe of aise
present withthe signal, proviso base
[nd roble tl amado Te combina
‘ut e bend oa neo.
“The cal fr as ná tbl at
shown inthe figure à quí simple and
shine The creat i designed to
Ie add fr any sare tem. Here,
the power sappy is 120k DC, which
‘maybe upped rte power supply of
sae tem ht Pr tho sake for:
Sty, the Bre hee abo al eon chan.
tl he cate the aber chanel be
Ing dental Th input fr he cet 6
{ken fa the output ef preamplifier
age forthe fh wal gt anal
‘ese pe
Pam VEL (10kl-chn) in
sexes ih opc CA Terms the le
LB.
=
ne, bs has ni testen, and tie
‘la tw bt Whe the eri at
tdo loma ed, capter Ch
in pra pto VR a ni
Poston bss wil have maximum atm
{en dong bas ex.
Eas beet ed Dust ao aire
9 215 dB at 1 Re, compared othe ut
pt at 1K blo best and tele at
lr la ellie by the same amount at
centr When ie aider of pteticner | 20 is, compar tthe value at 10
‘Rt i at he lover nd, minimum ele
ral develops ars he hd. The low
Sst pi refered 1 a be eu A
{he er is moved upward, more and
‘re ele gl id up. ih
pan red os re ont.
Bass wold be et ifcopactve reo
‘Aer ascii to cul, we may
eck tn perermane ofthe bas and
{ible eine lows
1, St the aie of th potentiometers
a dr md gens
2 mon the servo aten.
3.80 be volume ent of sao
aoc inser with he linea
‘hus, when the alder a poletoneter
VEZ is atthe upper end. paar CL
stored and the signal gus div to
{he net sag, bypassing apacr CL
PROTECTION FOR YOUR /
ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES <="
MALAY BANERJEE
eis a very lost eit a
ave your decry operated
plane sacha TV tae re
Vorder lagers and ihnen
uring sun ging and resume l
mans supi. Applies Ike rer
(ers an evcndiioers ar mare pe
o damage due to such ens.
"To simple ciel gen Bere obs
ten at mie.
“Bethe aera the potion oop
ting und ft.
"This resi an be cay sont
sing general purse PB,
‘The eat compis sep
tenais flowed hy a al ao ete
Fund emocthigcapnor Cl whichacts
‘ply rue for lay LA Iii,
When he celts vice on poe
‘Supply patho the stp down transfer
AT mol a he bed e nop, at
the vole l in denied sate. To
ene the rela, pes ich SI fi a
‘Short duration. is complete the path
Te be supply 1 trance Ka abo
the lad vn done act of sie.
cf he main ap tothe loads wen | Mean, he sup to relay scene
ds A power tn The sup can e | avala nd pt erg to prove
rocumed only hy manual intervention.
‘paral pth forthe supp the ane
‘Th the spp may be ech on oly | farmers wel she od
lor hs sea
TE thre is ay inerapin in the
omer sup, Le supl to the transe
mei lavable and ie ray de.
energie. Than, once be spy à inter po
‘pled own fr abr prod the rola à
ner and you hno ops || PLA I
Si momentarily (chen the supny m || Sr ie
sume) emake aval tothe ad
‘Ver horde (y. 115 mil Fete
‘con intrapon r tun will
Tet aft the cu beca of peace
largos cp wiih has wis
hongo via the eo il, Ths he cet
proves stale let against erate
ome uly dis
DIGITAL WATER LEVEL eS
|K UDHAYA KUMARAN, VUSGTH
gta water el mater shows
up 106 drt water le in
he vetada (OIT), Tae
dps wo now the quant a water in
OHT aut pra Te
ret special suited fr
tse in parent, boss,
Tet ce where man pe
tre caneced to one OH,
Tnt icone.
és dae ta, his ce
Si woul set the epee
Far lin tine,
Normal o mul mu
tersa redigs, on has to
te complicated cats em
Pieyigmalier wire rm
{he OB tothe ri. This
rei dns amay with such
Sn arangement and us
Justa ewe cable mon
Varios water lol Fig 2
‘hows var water levee
nd the opening read.
ing on semen play.
ICO shoring
1 are CDAS ande op
‘unter cam Tannen de
cer) nic form two dig
Hoquet The CK
pin and CE pin C1 are
‘ed ia much à may at Be
‘nie advances when pin 1
el high and pin 2 under“
oa hou transition,
ee water evo dig,
m4
Inputs, One o to the is a cis
SDL dl apre, uh a apto
in of C1 The sed tin ple,
hich is applied pin 1 of IC, com
ries a prie pls of arabe due
‘in 05 end 1 3 sod, depending
up the water leva in tank) lord
send ve
“Trading patie drain on
ing pleat in 1 of Il, te frequency
einer led sun the number |
gio gun palas ich are tin
ay value ati pin 2 AT the same
{ine the pop transistor T remains eat
eto the postive rohe a tase ad
mei lavable and ie ray de.
energie. Than, once be spy à inter po
‘pled own fr abr prod the rola à
ner and you hno ops || PLA I
Si momentarily (chen the supny m || Sr ie
sume) emake aval tothe ad
‘Ver horde (y. 115 mil Fete
‘con intrapon r tun will
Tet aft the cu beca of peace
largos cp wiih has wis
hongo via the eo il, Ths he cet
proves stale let against erate
ome uly dis
DIGITAL WATER LEVEL eS
|K UDHAYA KUMARAN, VUSGTH
gta water el mater shows
up 106 drt water le in
he vetada (OIT), Tae
dps wo now the quant a water in
OHT aut pra Te
ret special suited fr
tse in parent, boss,
Tet ce where man pe
tre caneced to one OH,
Tnt icone.
és dae ta, his ce
Si woul set the epee
Far lin tine,
Normal o mul mu
tersa redigs, on has to
te complicated cats em
Pieyigmalier wire rm
{he OB tothe ri. This
rei dns amay with such
Sn arangement and us
Justa ewe cable mon
Varios water lol Fig 2
‘hows var water levee
nd the opening read.
ing on semen play.
ICO shoring
1 are CDAS ande op
‘unter cam Tannen de
cer) nic form two dig
Hoquet The CK
pin and CE pin C1 are
‘ed ia much à may at Be
‘nie advances when pin 1
el high and pin 2 under“
oa hou transition,
ee water evo dig,
m4
Inputs, One o to the is a cis
SDL dl apre, uh a apto
in of C1 The sed tin ple,
hich is applied pin 1 of IC, com
ries a prie pls of arabe due
‘in 05 end 1 3 sod, depending
up the water leva in tank) lord
send ve
“Trading patie drain on
ing pleat in 1 of Il, te frequency
einer led sun the number |
gio gun palas ich are tin
ay value ati pin 2 AT the same
{ine the pop transistor T remains eat
eto the postive rohe a tase ad
aller.
“Timer ICA
as a freesronning
‘able mitt
‘hich geerts eon
Toor Sl cock
pales with 62 per
sent dy oe The
pain
‘ble at ite pin 3,
th ceeds
a zac
‘The aber tier,
100, de used a in
ing pls generar
wherein ve bare
dependent control
nerhihandln
ao
me nnfnnhnannann
Fos }
0 the pay DIS and DIS) remain
A Hnweer at Bo nd ef pave pare
pin LIC! (and bso rar TU,
{he frequency counter ached. Daring
{he Ging and bu led pro,
rai conducted plas DIS
and DIS2 show eurent ut AY be
ing a th nest poste ining pale
(he gay contr rss te rst
in 51 and 102 eaves dren
‘ed postive ing ple viecopacter CO)
nd art counting ech
"Tha, thi dal water level mete
shows wate eve ring or ur sc
‘aration an then ges af fer aware
paid OS second 3 sons. Thoma
lore el ropa Tin pe dla
Lahaie is ey wel, beca ere
[sip mate, wo sal bene ob
serve pi Mota in el ding,
‘ud al out ge a comet ids of he
rain ty of
the timing pls avale at fs ouput
in 3. The ira duration of high and
Lim poids of the Unieg plac are
sh bean the charging and dí
argo paths for the timing captor
C2 ir The charging pth of esas
(cost mar RIB dde I, and
peter VR fr OT or VR rsp.
tank, depending upon the poston sie
‘ich SD and VS, However, the di
ar pth apor C2 e ia dde
‘and vate rear V4
By adjusting pee VI, the ow du
ratio pute pried sends) can bo se
‘The bo pls dean shal nary
rater 3 ande.
Primer VRI la VEZ, à linear
sound pt, di ach à way in
{he overhead tank (or sump tank) dt
ben water lee i minimum, he value
EVI = 2 a. When water er in
‘ho tanks maximum, th ince value
pote VR nes ab bch
(appeiatl). This ceed by oe
(rd moenent of pot shaft The change
In ricas of VRE rss in he change
In largos pred of copar 2. Tha,
UNIVERSAL HIGH-RESISTANCE
VOLTMETER
YOGESH KATARIA
be face deletion of he un
eral highinputreiance ol
‘ase cat dh i the Be
ende un he fein itch pan
‘slime
(0) DC on pai 1
<epeding upon the va water in he
tank tho in it ae of VR VI,
residan changes the chaning tine of
‘pedir C2 and vaso the duration of
poste pulse peri a C3 from 08 se.
ndo tente
jument a peseta fo atico
tdo died seua of want cn Be 36
copied, witht using any quen
‘out by ug te flowing procedure
(etico was adopted by the ato daring
‘alain os prota
1. int aja als VRL (er
VR » 2 lot, VES = 6 itm,
VIA = koche, VRS = 23.5 loch.
2 Naw evi on the cea. The 7
met DIS and DIS bik es.
SS. abst voc that the diay
(pete fr acond pro.
3 If display made is 15, incase
valo e pu VEL fen 2 hin > 340.
el Now, the display should show
90 er na rene inthe played
ant igh adj pent and IO,
insucha ay hat when Vs Zi
the diay reden i ad when VR
‘kite the dla edo 0.
A 11510 Aly lie
vi ls than ne hr merement ot
“haf, ease to van ol VES sgh.
AFS ta SO lapa a aachen
one rd movement pa a, de
re vale VE
1 jou eed this digital water Heel
ster a monitor the levels of water in
the method aswell a the suo tank,
le can be dene by moria DEUT lide
‘wih tod DN pion. The india
the ofthe poston sled x provided
y diet cbr LEDs (ler Ps and
Bor y sing angle hr LED. To
mio water lel in ore han Im
Tank, ne may use a similar ange.
‘eatin conjunto witha rotary sch.
Por ining capaci C2 and Ci se
tantalum capas o het aii
SV AC mein paton 2
(05 pk AC posi 3
OSY AG peo pakito 4
‘The cri Dscly a lage
"TABLET
tin Puncton Sich
Ha ETS
tow ER
2 am
ow i
iow Ei
“Timer ICA
as a freesronning
‘able mitt
‘hich geerts eon
Toor Sl cock
pales with 62 per
sent dy oe The
pain
‘ble at ite pin 3,
th ceeds
a zac
‘The aber tier,
100, de used a in
ing pls generar
wherein ve bare
dependent control
nerhihandln
ao
me nnfnnhnannann
Fos }
0 the pay DIS and DIS) remain
A Hnweer at Bo nd ef pave pare
pin LIC! (and bso rar TU,
{he frequency counter ached. Daring
{he Ging and bu led pro,
rai conducted plas DIS
and DIS2 show eurent ut AY be
ing a th nest poste ining pale
(he gay contr rss te rst
in 51 and 102 eaves dren
‘ed postive ing ple viecopacter CO)
nd art counting ech
"Tha, thi dal water level mete
shows wate eve ring or ur sc
‘aration an then ges af fer aware
paid OS second 3 sons. Thoma
lore el ropa Tin pe dla
Lahaie is ey wel, beca ere
[sip mate, wo sal bene ob
serve pi Mota in el ding,
‘ud al out ge a comet ids of he
rain ty of
the timing pls avale at fs ouput
in 3. The ira duration of high and
Lim poids of the Unieg plac are
sh bean the charging and dí
argo paths for the timing captor
C2 ir The charging pth of esas
(cost mar RIB dde I, and
peter VR fr OT or VR rsp.
tank, depending upon the poston sie
‘ich SD and VS, However, the di
ar pth apor C2 e ia dde
‘and vate rear V4
By adjusting pee VI, the ow du
ratio pute pried sends) can bo se
‘The bo pls dean shal nary
rater 3 ande.
Primer VRI la VEZ, à linear
sound pt, di ach à way in
{he overhead tank (or sump tank) dt
ben water lee i minimum, he value
EVI = 2 a. When water er in
‘ho tanks maximum, th ince value
pote VR nes ab bch
(appeiatl). This ceed by oe
(rd moenent of pot shaft The change
In ricas of VRE rss in he change
In largos pred of copar 2. Tha,
UNIVERSAL HIGH-RESISTANCE
VOLTMETER
YOGESH KATARIA
be face deletion of he un
eral highinputreiance ol
‘ase cat dh i the Be
ende un he fein itch pan
‘slime
(0) DC on pai 1
<epeding upon the va water in he
tank tho in it ae of VR VI,
residan changes the chaning tine of
‘pedir C2 and vaso the duration of
poste pulse peri a C3 from 08 se.
ndo tente
jument a peseta fo atico
tdo died seua of want cn Be 36
copied, witht using any quen
‘out by ug te flowing procedure
(etico was adopted by the ato daring
‘alain os prota
1. int aja als VRL (er
VR » 2 lot, VES = 6 itm,
VIA = koche, VRS = 23.5 loch.
2 Naw evi on the cea. The 7
met DIS and DIS bik es.
SS. abst voc that the diay
(pete fr acond pro.
3 If display made is 15, incase
valo e pu VEL fen 2 hin > 340.
el Now, the display should show
90 er na rene inthe played
ant igh adj pent and IO,
insucha ay hat when Vs Zi
the diay reden i ad when VR
‘kite the dla edo 0.
A 11510 Aly lie
vi ls than ne hr merement ot
“haf, ease to van ol VES sgh.
AFS ta SO lapa a aachen
one rd movement pa a, de
re vale VE
1 jou eed this digital water Heel
ster a monitor the levels of water in
the method aswell a the suo tank,
le can be dene by moria DEUT lide
‘wih tod DN pion. The india
the ofthe poston sled x provided
y diet cbr LEDs (ler Ps and
Bor y sing angle hr LED. To
mio water lel in ore han Im
Tank, ne may use a similar ange.
‘eatin conjunto witha rotary sch.
Por ining capaci C2 and Ci se
tantalum capas o het aii
SV AC mein paton 2
(05 pk AC posi 3
OSY AG peo pakito 4
‘The cri Dscly a lage
"TABLET
tin Puncton Sich
Ha ETS
tow ER
2 am
ow i
iow Ei
(@ Peaktopak 30 vam
tee sine wave ony: By = 08
{scale En ln
The tor Tin the above
equ nero meter ll
ae een caret tng in
‘oper
o”
mer weiten por ide ve
gs da acts meer cre
‘Note:The ven obtained
turing prota ing ef tec
ail in BP lb re tabled in
Tobi rg IV.
A highinputresistance op-
amp, abridge rectifier,
Imireatmetr, ad à ew her
ae lose
‘Cake R coring tothe applica
‘ion om ne of ing ben:
(a DC valine Rafal Bay
"EMS AC linet ie wate ont
Ra 2.09 falle I,
o Pene ring later (ne wave
nly Ry = 0886 fo Ef
ve components ar all hat
ar ie el ths vent cr
ale This crt can be und or men
“unen o DO, AC RMS, AC peak er
‘AG pit pea rag y il chang
ing the vale ofthe resistor nnd
en the inverting input eral of
the opamp and grund The vag Lo
‘be med connected Wo one
TRIAC/TRANSISTOR CHECKER
PRAVEEN SHANKER
eros a very simple cit which
a be wed fe ting of SCR
je wel as trite, The creat
(bold een te med de checking of po,
And pa trator
The ui md on 3V DC, derive
ing a ener doe in wenn wih a
pow Ira and relier ar
rangement, as chown in te igure. Alter
rately one may power the cre using
to pen el.
For asia an SCR, insert in the
‘echt with terminal inetd in proper
‘hte Side sich St tot pin bo
‘ard 1) and pres ach SI momen.
lary, Tie LED woud glow and keep
‘lowing uni switch 82 in pressed ot
fans supply 10 sopdown transbrmer
À era Be a bet uri ong
ivi St Thi weld inte thatthe
SCR undr teste eva
Wah sich SS ln“ poston (o
Wh you may connect à
TARE
Peston Función Sich
|
Fa ETS
w E
ES ES
ES Fin
iv a
TABLE
Peston 3 Pen Sit
pra
Nm au
Br is
ve six
ARE
Putin 4 of Function Sitch
ET
EST
ETE
CA
pakwpak A
Manko ah
radio.
ide ih SC sat ea), the LED
oui low by Sul In ther merde,
Se LED glow ely an presio sich
SI momentary and ges of en presio
=e ad
of of
sth $2 the SOR i pod.
oe testing tro nly ome
‘MT termina! to pint À (ai),
[Mrz to pint Koa) and its gat to
prin 6 Nor on pressing sich SI mo-
‘eta LED voué low On re
Ing sch $2 momentary, the LED
would off Nexon pressing th 6,
{be LED wil ot pon
Now revere ec of MTL ad
tee sine wave ony: By = 08
{scale En ln
The tor Tin the above
equ nero meter ll
ae een caret tng in
‘oper
o”
mer weiten por ide ve
gs da acts meer cre
‘Note:The ven obtained
turing prota ing ef tec
ail in BP lb re tabled in
Tobi rg IV.
A highinputresistance op-
amp, abridge rectifier,
Imireatmetr, ad à ew her
ae lose
‘Cake R coring tothe applica
‘ion om ne of ing ben:
(a DC valine Rafal Bay
"EMS AC linet ie wate ont
Ra 2.09 falle I,
o Pene ring later (ne wave
nly Ry = 0886 fo Ef
ve components ar all hat
ar ie el ths vent cr
ale This crt can be und or men
“unen o DO, AC RMS, AC peak er
‘AG pit pea rag y il chang
ing the vale ofthe resistor nnd
en the inverting input eral of
the opamp and grund The vag Lo
‘be med connected Wo one
TRIAC/TRANSISTOR CHECKER
PRAVEEN SHANKER
eros a very simple cit which
a be wed fe ting of SCR
je wel as trite, The creat
(bold een te med de checking of po,
And pa trator
The ui md on 3V DC, derive
ing a ener doe in wenn wih a
pow Ira and relier ar
rangement, as chown in te igure. Alter
rately one may power the cre using
to pen el.
For asia an SCR, insert in the
‘echt with terminal inetd in proper
‘hte Side sich St tot pin bo
‘ard 1) and pres ach SI momen.
lary, Tie LED woud glow and keep
‘lowing uni switch 82 in pressed ot
fans supply 10 sopdown transbrmer
À era Be a bet uri ong
ivi St Thi weld inte thatthe
SCR undr teste eva
Wah sich SS ln“ poston (o
Wh you may connect à
TARE
Peston Función Sich
|
Fa ETS
w E
ES ES
ES Fin
iv a
TABLE
Peston 3 Pen Sit
pra
Nm au
Br is
ve six
ARE
Putin 4 of Function Sitch
ET
EST
ETE
CA
pakwpak A
Manko ah
radio.
ide ih SC sat ea), the LED
oui low by Sul In ther merde,
Se LED glow ely an presio sich
SI momentary and ges of en presio
=e ad
of of
sth $2 the SOR i pod.
oe testing tro nly ome
‘MT termina! to pint À (ai),
[Mrz to pint Koa) and its gat to
prin 6 Nor on pressing sich SI mo-
‘eta LED voué low On re
Ing sch $2 momentary, the LED
would off Nexon pressing th 6,
{be LED wil ot pon
Now revere ec of MTL ad
MT, ie coat MM to the negative
sed TZ tothe paie de. For a od
ring wie, S woud ot inate cn
non in the tae andthe LED wld
romain of On the aber hand, ramen
lary dorso of $5 woul nate cn.
non thea and LED! weld on.
“The indication of leaky rei si
lar otha of an SCR ding both the
loved tt, the LED gs op,
ely then he rie od.
Bee comeing any sca in the
circa eae check 2 MTY cn.
‘tn wih the ce. (Not A tae
stay two SCA conca bac o bu
‘he fist accept pie pase fer con
duction wile the send cop nes
ve plo fr onen)
Y cam sk check transistors with
this Geet by introducing à rester
(abot 1 loin) between ie junction
‘ais Stand S and pin G. The
(ser of pm or eier fp tan.
‘Strobe mans t pore (pit
[Avil etre an ae nd lear
a pop transistor i to be nnd io
‘seat (int KL Te bas bat cae
A mc to pá Q.
A NOVEL METHOD OF FREQUENCY
VARIATION USING 555 &
VYJESH MN,
ones For You rende are
ery mc far wih he ane
ning of timer 835 in able
‘aed operan. Tara, at all
‘here wat a mad io Keep te du fate
‘constant and shane the pen en
‘Sosa, the td ves to un à va
‘he caper, ated ira, Bat in
‘hat eae, changing the agen nen
Shen range wold tee teat On
{he oer hand, seing duty fear,
change en ean bo done y dang
{ng valor oo
Both te abno mentre proble
can be avere simply by us a va
‘Me reia, salma in he cet di.
ram, Surprlingly. ern arte
E] Ssssssusees
ggeessaaceg|
e
Ñ
N
i
|
E
a pl
rest In irn agen. send of
rase When the valo al are re
‘Stor er ques gen
Ta
"ram
Now, when thera srl re
sear it nema, th ung i
{evans fon eva oa tried
fren sme Er with VR.
“ab ote Tec at ben pra
tial sre with to diferent eles
of ting copcior CI and he res
‘hei tate i Tbe
sed TZ tothe paie de. For a od
ring wie, S woud ot inate cn
non in the tae andthe LED wld
romain of On the aber hand, ramen
lary dorso of $5 woul nate cn.
non thea and LED! weld on.
“The indication of leaky rei si
lar otha of an SCR ding both the
loved tt, the LED gs op,
ely then he rie od.
Bee comeing any sca in the
circa eae check 2 MTY cn.
‘tn wih the ce. (Not A tae
stay two SCA conca bac o bu
‘he fist accept pie pase fer con
duction wile the send cop nes
ve plo fr onen)
Y cam sk check transistors with
this Geet by introducing à rester
(abot 1 loin) between ie junction
‘ais Stand S and pin G. The
(ser of pm or eier fp tan.
‘Strobe mans t pore (pit
[Avil etre an ae nd lear
a pop transistor i to be nnd io
‘seat (int KL Te bas bat cae
A mc to pá Q.
A NOVEL METHOD OF FREQUENCY
VARIATION USING 555 &
VYJESH MN,
ones For You rende are
ery mc far wih he ane
ning of timer 835 in able
‘aed operan. Tara, at all
‘here wat a mad io Keep te du fate
‘constant and shane the pen en
‘Sosa, the td ves to un à va
‘he caper, ated ira, Bat in
‘hat eae, changing the agen nen
Shen range wold tee teat On
{he oer hand, seing duty fear,
change en ean bo done y dang
{ng valor oo
Both te abno mentre proble
can be avere simply by us a va
‘Me reia, salma in he cet di.
ram, Surprlingly. ern arte
E] Ssssssusees
ggeessaaceg|
e
Ñ
N
i
|
E
a pl
rest In irn agen. send of
rase When the valo al are re
‘Stor er ques gen
Ta
"ram
Now, when thera srl re
sear it nema, th ung i
{evans fon eva oa tried
fren sme Er with VR.
“ab ote Tec at ben pra
tial sre with to diferent eles
of ting copcior CI and he res
‘hei tate i Tbe
2000
RESONANCE TYPE L-C METER
ARUP KUMAR SEN
be stage drop acs a es
arar anar ew:
event LCR cal che a
mim vals resnance This a
an le usd o nd the vale fan >
Som indutanee er a capacitan. The
present ti a nti ery pin
Sle and le may e ul lo mesure an
Incane of een ls than pl e a
pacte of thn drt fo pies Far
‘The quai tr of de or
Sn be mesure If api RF vo
a andthe rsnant vlogs, developed
‘Ste andor escape, arom:
Sed wih he elpe a main RP VO
ising kann valide ed
Werken) and standard variable cal
rate par The resonar condition
deci by a peak dar which de.
tects the peak vage developed eres
ing vi fhe ar a
Sind pcan Se tan ae
Pcs con ee et
(ya te ag ae fn
Sv a he eo dr E mis
‘ear cad ol wg D
‘ring
KT)
a 0
Min inten Id le Hen
so be weal tl alo
Alarm ac, can bee
ued ig he ln
eee)
weit no
‘teat, the coi ude tt an
te cmd daly be cae
olay etal la ets, Ins a
dan pen by he rer
ay
E!
Fir
the capacitar a reso
nee and gies av
indica of the same
Aa nk dete
lamen ate ep
atome
1 Thecinait tuned
ta rinnen, ug cal
td tuning apar,
withthe wor in the
ui The tele
FEV poner sep
mee, ins Qs simply tro ofthese
Wo la.
Methodology
Serltomavarablemecs RP sare
ds aplico ol under et, wich ie
in rie wih rain park om
‘aloft cpa
(erent Lette
te Gin pio Parade.
To neo incas e brocha
in ei withthe wur, and de Ge
‘ite retaned o eno ug cal
rated cor Lt De ew incl
valo ofthe erated capado be C,
pic Parado.
In bth the cas tuning is dove by
heres in Ml and Ci in pP
The valo of smal wk cpa
Lo, Coco ala ho mensund latin
he filling two pe
1.A romo! enden i achieved
ty varying the standard capaci agit
a putea combination e a werk col
da eya! ring par of tale
ltr) Lat the intel vale ft
Ing pacte be Cap
2 Trek copcioiscomeced
in pale tothe andar copa ed
crea he val of the standard tu
{ng apar tings the resonant cond
(mhk. Let hee ine valo of
tuning espacio be C, pF.
Thevaluctth unknown cpacterC,
ould die ln two valet
(be sandard arabe paco, e
ae
ARUP KUMAR SEN
be stage drop acs a es
arar anar ew:
event LCR cal che a
mim vals resnance This a
an le usd o nd the vale fan >
Som indutanee er a capacitan. The
present ti a nti ery pin
Sle and le may e ul lo mesure an
Incane of een ls than pl e a
pacte of thn drt fo pies Far
‘The quai tr of de or
Sn be mesure If api RF vo
a andthe rsnant vlogs, developed
‘Ste andor escape, arom:
Sed wih he elpe a main RP VO
ising kann valide ed
Werken) and standard variable cal
rate par The resonar condition
deci by a peak dar which de.
tects the peak vage developed eres
ing vi fhe ar a
Sind pcan Se tan ae
Pcs con ee et
(ya te ag ae fn
Sv a he eo dr E mis
‘ear cad ol wg D
‘ring
KT)
a 0
Min inten Id le Hen
so be weal tl alo
Alarm ac, can bee
ued ig he ln
eee)
weit no
‘teat, the coi ude tt an
te cmd daly be cae
olay etal la ets, Ins a
dan pen by he rer
ay
E!
Fir
the capacitar a reso
nee and gies av
indica of the same
Aa nk dete
lamen ate ep
atome
1 Thecinait tuned
ta rinnen, ug cal
td tuning apar,
withthe wor in the
ui The tele
FEV poner sep
mee, ins Qs simply tro ofthese
Wo la.
Methodology
Serltomavarablemecs RP sare
ds aplico ol under et, wich ie
in rie wih rain park om
‘aloft cpa
(erent Lette
te Gin pio Parade.
To neo incas e brocha
in ei withthe wur, and de Ge
‘ite retaned o eno ug cal
rated cor Lt De ew incl
valo ofthe erated capado be C,
pic Parado.
In bth the cas tuning is dove by
heres in Ml and Ci in pP
The valo of smal wk cpa
Lo, Coco ala ho mensund latin
he filling two pe
1.A romo! enden i achieved
ty varying the standard capaci agit
a putea combination e a werk col
da eya! ring par of tale
ltr) Lat the intel vale ft
Ing pacte be Cap
2 Trek copcioiscomeced
in pale tothe andar copa ed
crea he val of the standard tu
{ng apar tings the resonant cond
(mhk. Let hee ine valo of
tuning espacio be C, pF.
Thevaluctth unknown cpacterC,
ould die ln two valet
(be sandard arabe paco, e
ae
‘The fau e he RF sre may be
Sad um 18 MEG 163M by om
Decing fret ecto awn e
Ban eqn. fr art st)
‘Trance Ti, long thease
(9 and Ch, and eal Nal, fre the
(Cbs clar. The ental operates
ea a ral en! query, Nec
The ma (to) are tase on | mary postive Reck i ad a
the sumption that there wuld be po | espias C3 and CA wih clac e:
ual inductive coupling between the | tr =(C26CAVCS Sins Un voltage gin
Works andthe al und tos and no | Al comment ge ls than
ray portan exits alot» | uy, sma lightly rater anun
ting ner The say capaces | 1 sin olin. Lap in A be
Any. determined andadded oh | men 1 in esdy-tato enon) The
rand, ober acura They | output af lars aka foci
“paco woul ave oc pen | ero reson ane othe per
Fels ind eng math pera. | amp transitar, hugh baer
ing 1 formula bone, as it woud bo | sage. Filet tar 7, a
‘cneddetbytheaidionprecdre. | und a coman dai pie, saves
a bate amp. Dot th ih ie
pul pedro pcs lower ad
Description Ingen te slater ry. Moreover,
In the prsnt crit shown in Fig. 1, | any variation in the aupa ad imped
the RP ina sure i ome ing | ane har o pling oon he xo
erntakeetroled Copa eeilater, à | frequency. The wie ef common ele
Sater angie, and a power ample, | gut forth cios and the
wer mier tag ro
Vide a better high
The peak voltage at
escena ty
the intensity af LED DS
concello ie caleta
terminal anit Te
A millar D) may
lb ud in er ih.
the LED to get sharper
tung. The base of tae
Sto 4 à dies by the
verge DO ska dee
‘ed oe acai ee,
at the apar ofa hal
bridge reer. The ret
a. Rouen eng 86 PCB yout lor pat fer armel wa too
TABLET
Es 8
BF À
‘Not Te lear ob sand on standard bie il formers rie ed at
are sed in radi work. The lated inductance values are withthe ere alo
‘mpl dipped inthe al ofthe former Te alu, mia a um, wuld be
apprit hal ofthe led cale
a
e
ET curra
Seep eee or
isles
pin. nat RF sign diodes N24, DL
nda Ta opt eal othe big e
{ho lago deco wees the parle
combinado ac (ea
ae tuning capaci such a e ae
‘ed in aio mark ih 2907 fr
2 and €, nest fe Tein cap
{ue O10 pF) Dade DI dui only dur.
ing priv a eo the input signal
nd ess a bo cuen rportinal io
{he average alas ofthe cual vola lo
‘ow tough the BE ue mii) ane
‘nf rnin TA On te ober and,
diode D2 conducta heavy daring mes
{ie half gel and ensure tht 0 1.
re has lago cuen Stroh
de DI via BE jun. (The lage
eurent reduces the average vage de
‘eloped over a mp eye, nd heno,
eds the inem of the LED) If à
ci ential detector tag, alle
‘sound transistor TS, enna the
Power ample tpt (mer of an.
Sad um 18 MEG 163M by om
Decing fret ecto awn e
Ban eqn. fr art st)
‘Trance Ti, long thease
(9 and Ch, and eal Nal, fre the
(Cbs clar. The ental operates
ea a ral en! query, Nec
The ma (to) are tase on | mary postive Reck i ad a
the sumption that there wuld be po | espias C3 and CA wih clac e:
ual inductive coupling between the | tr =(C26CAVCS Sins Un voltage gin
Works andthe al und tos and no | Al comment ge ls than
ray portan exits alot» | uy, sma lightly rater anun
ting ner The say capaces | 1 sin olin. Lap in A be
Any. determined andadded oh | men 1 in esdy-tato enon) The
rand, ober acura They | output af lars aka foci
“paco woul ave oc pen | ero reson ane othe per
Fels ind eng math pera. | amp transitar, hugh baer
ing 1 formula bone, as it woud bo | sage. Filet tar 7, a
‘cneddetbytheaidionprecdre. | und a coman dai pie, saves
a bate amp. Dot th ih ie
pul pedro pcs lower ad
Description Ingen te slater ry. Moreover,
In the prsnt crit shown in Fig. 1, | any variation in the aupa ad imped
the RP ina sure i ome ing | ane har o pling oon he xo
erntakeetroled Copa eeilater, à | frequency. The wie ef common ele
Sater angie, and a power ample, | gut forth cios and the
wer mier tag ro
Vide a better high
The peak voltage at
escena ty
the intensity af LED DS
concello ie caleta
terminal anit Te
A millar D) may
lb ud in er ih.
the LED to get sharper
tung. The base of tae
Sto 4 à dies by the
verge DO ska dee
‘ed oe acai ee,
at the apar ofa hal
bridge reer. The ret
a. Rouen eng 86 PCB yout lor pat fer armel wa too
TABLET
Es 8
BF À
‘Not Te lear ob sand on standard bie il formers rie ed at
are sed in radi work. The lated inductance values are withthe ere alo
‘mpl dipped inthe al ofthe former Te alu, mia a um, wuld be
apprit hal ofthe led cale
a
e
ET curra
Seep eee or
isles
pin. nat RF sign diodes N24, DL
nda Ta opt eal othe big e
{ho lago deco wees the parle
combinado ac (ea
ae tuning capaci such a e ae
‘ed in aio mark ih 2907 fr
2 and €, nest fe Tein cap
{ue O10 pF) Dade DI dui only dur.
ing priv a eo the input signal
nd ess a bo cuen rportinal io
{he average alas ofthe cual vola lo
‘ow tough the BE ue mii) ane
‘nf rnin TA On te ober and,
diode D2 conducta heavy daring mes
{ie half gel and ensure tht 0 1.
re has lago cuen Stroh
de DI via BE jun. (The lage
eurent reduces the average vage de
‘eloped over a mp eye, nd heno,
eds the inem of the LED) If à
ci ential detector tag, alle
‘sound transistor TS, enna the
Power ample tpt (mer of an.
TABLET
Determination ofthe Unknown
Induciances hy To frequency
ot
ER Em
EE ES
tr, won ah a di ie ne
Lena ofthe LED, a Ihe roman dr.
ico und a pal
cols dered sing rental ee
mia Fed age repute 0 70.
[AC maine voltage e stepped dom by
ower Warner XA rm 29 AC lo
VAC, which hen rect to diver
‘he siglo DC pat othe el
IC ler Fg 2)
During construcion, pl ar isto be
‘oupling rm output input ag à
Stray caactane r an unwanted mu
{ual notes may produce ummanted
‘clans, which wuld hamper the re
{anes ay sr adhering rin mee.
urn, the same shuld e minimised
ty Jin the length af the coin
‘hetero pe
"The voltage developed eos tuning
capaces Grand) gradual ieee
‘tbe freien of oat oer.
eee, the input tothe peak detec
must be cone asia
cerati, On to other han, a mie
‘oni be pp olge tothe pk
air rus to current tah the
LED, bic spin enhancs the sharp.
sin tuning. The peak detector input
‘Shoal not have any dire wuplig with
{he power amplio in ay anse
ran dng the seach ra peak
“To get beter esl ire! work
seat ud with rent etl
Frei The deta of hv le are
renin Tale
a continuas variable RF aros
Ss desired one may subst he etal
inthe eilt rel with wale
bianual wer
Sie condenser. The approximate fre
que fc ofthe cet an be
termined with the al la rabo re.
tsier=by bringing td to the meer
{rel The een en te dal at nich
‘maximum reception wold be bard the
ed fqn.
‘The rere inuctance hr apart
lar que range ea be alt fo
Een
rase * 9
Here C in andC_ «2809 or
2.1 the alergia oe
Frec, and ven by
therein
T
oti tht nes a
inte
Te wid ad oro
ied dtc, wen,
Sethe lowing a
(ela
en ©
Her ao ma
dig tte length of be
© cn ics ann
oca HC at
wir tate) Ia be abe
La seat for paar SG,
puta varita mer sig ls
nenn and fi rela
LT minis he, and onsequenty
the rte af tans ree re
can aa ae may be Be
fed fos ae en, to
Bene at rada sone any
ait ge caw th ag nde
tina The nied ost end
by ating taco ar cari ie
din ea
In sui (we syste N
costal umber a or prt
ire
Methods
Same metodo the value ind
tance are en el:
Direc connection. Most fen
at ndetaners may ur y
anccingthem deco the et and
ao
Her, ii Milz and Cis in The
let med ar ren ba
TARE
1. St on the RF generator
Determination of Unknown Inductances | (eich SD wil the col under test
"y Series Connection Method
connected othe diet acres pots
2 Schon 2 pp E poner
a s > 3 Rotate LED ntenty-control
DORE 408 128 | peimeter VR to bin he maximum
3) TE BE {tensity of LED DS.
lay 18 1604 1.186 | "4 Tune calibrated tuning pac
1m mar tor G (anor fine-tuning al
ondo 143103 ts | 1 Cyr de
pacha Cp hr axa ile
Determination ofthe Unknown
Induciances hy To frequency
ot
ER Em
EE ES
tr, won ah a di ie ne
Lena ofthe LED, a Ihe roman dr.
ico und a pal
cols dered sing rental ee
mia Fed age repute 0 70.
[AC maine voltage e stepped dom by
ower Warner XA rm 29 AC lo
VAC, which hen rect to diver
‘he siglo DC pat othe el
IC ler Fg 2)
During construcion, pl ar isto be
‘oupling rm output input ag à
Stray caactane r an unwanted mu
{ual notes may produce ummanted
‘clans, which wuld hamper the re
{anes ay sr adhering rin mee.
urn, the same shuld e minimised
ty Jin the length af the coin
‘hetero pe
"The voltage developed eos tuning
capaces Grand) gradual ieee
‘tbe freien of oat oer.
eee, the input tothe peak detec
must be cone asia
cerati, On to other han, a mie
‘oni be pp olge tothe pk
air rus to current tah the
LED, bic spin enhancs the sharp.
sin tuning. The peak detector input
‘Shoal not have any dire wuplig with
{he power amplio in ay anse
ran dng the seach ra peak
“To get beter esl ire! work
seat ud with rent etl
Frei The deta of hv le are
renin Tale
a continuas variable RF aros
Ss desired one may subst he etal
inthe eilt rel with wale
bianual wer
Sie condenser. The approximate fre
que fc ofthe cet an be
termined with the al la rabo re.
tsier=by bringing td to the meer
{rel The een en te dal at nich
‘maximum reception wold be bard the
ed fqn.
‘The rere inuctance hr apart
lar que range ea be alt fo
Een
rase * 9
Here C in andC_ «2809 or
2.1 the alergia oe
Frec, and ven by
therein
T
oti tht nes a
inte
Te wid ad oro
ied dtc, wen,
Sethe lowing a
(ela
en ©
Her ao ma
dig tte length of be
© cn ics ann
oca HC at
wir tate) Ia be abe
La seat for paar SG,
puta varita mer sig ls
nenn and fi rela
LT minis he, and onsequenty
the rte af tans ree re
can aa ae may be Be
fed fos ae en, to
Bene at rada sone any
ait ge caw th ag nde
tina The nied ost end
by ating taco ar cari ie
din ea
In sui (we syste N
costal umber a or prt
ire
Methods
Same metodo the value ind
tance are en el:
Direc connection. Most fen
at ndetaners may ur y
anccingthem deco the et and
ao
Her, ii Milz and Cis in The
let med ar ren ba
TARE
1. St on the RF generator
Determination of Unknown Inductances | (eich SD wil the col under test
"y Series Connection Method
connected othe diet acres pots
2 Schon 2 pp E poner
a s > 3 Rotate LED ntenty-control
DORE 408 128 | peimeter VR to bin he maximum
3) TE BE {tensity of LED DS.
lay 18 1604 1.186 | "4 Tune calibrated tuning pac
1m mar tor G (anor fine-tuning al
ondo 143103 ts | 1 Cyr de
pacha Cp hr axa ile
LED Ds, e pak on the mee. The
Enemy LED DS, e he dition of
the meer pine, woul be te mas
‘mom at mac, pa fo
ight be doe wow gl po the
Desk decor Gradual dee i
ret restan vale per VR
Itt no peak Bund I woul mean
at ental Fegan i tapi
‘Ty sik als cal
5 Note down the cauca vas
fm the dls Cand Cy The tal
valo caian C à een by C=
Les
‘Theale of. may bein the nage
1090. Cece high Cn,
‘yb dppf the laos
Cate the va of L sng
ation.
2 Seren connection. Ti inches
Bin steps
Timer sept inthe tl ck
enna th under tt rs tr
ala XL und sua wero ars
2 abe ay et XU er
alo ing a sal wie Tun C, 4
tata peak oo LED DS or meta) Not
the capas vales for the di of
toning pect C nd Lt thi ale
be Où Inn pak bine, yi
tate ad wero ciation
2. Remene the short sons XI and
rca de cc ring €, (anor
towards Ive spaces lo
‘Sah the peak ce aga Make à
fn asen win Cy Rte tn ew
postions on the dal Let de ne om
Cande toy
ce he valu ofthe unkown
indian fo Ep Dr) ven bee
3 Tworfequeney method. Ya cl
tide gon pnk pw on
tho ler gue, mC, anf,
SEC, en tuning te da en Ln Be
‘stl re th rl bw
teeth ab
ul ©
Meth finde sale of apa
tance Palo estes pe lor:
ane the et rra
pint a partir eta worked
‘mbit
2 od the copan als fom
the di Le the cube C,
3 Comme the capaci under tet in
paral with Ce
“Ratan h ei 1 o he pk
ack
$ Net the nw sales of ospcanse
fromthe dale Le sum he o
à Caelate he unknown apchance
fro bo elaine
PET
Method 1 determine an unknown
reguener Freueney dan kon RE
some srl may be marred by RL
Towing tsps pen bow:
Canned sable workin the
2 Connect the RP signal nrc vith
komm frequency P,) to the gta of
fe transistor 2, her icon
‘ho cya olor rom it with he ep
ows
3 Appt power tthe meer by tara
ing eich Stu
App RR power 1 the resonant
ici ater ung vith 2.
‘Tle the rsonant elt pt à
peak Hf pak obtained y with an-
hee waked
8 Note the capactane vale fo
the dials of the ting apts Lt the
ambec.
7 Clute the ques othe in
coming HF signaling the flowing
Les
m.
av
Her, snp and Cin
A a standard variable capter is mat
able, we may ue. afer proper cl
ain 9 pe arabe cape wich
is generally wed be radio mek. o le
‘at th sue, lw the tp iene
im
1. Sith onthe RP ware witha 35
Mie tal, Aa work, and a 25
space fr Cy
2 Rate tuning captor wards
‘ts maxim eet (approx 200 BP.
3 Tun y varying the dag the el
to et a pak onthe metro LED.
“LIT you rogue à ein of 10
PP, eect a standard lo lan 10
espacio gral with Instant
‘cei woud be ou fe
5 Rotatcapar C, to ge back the
peak gan Mark the ne poston of
Toute Cab
E Rao spe 4 and 5 to cover the
ete angular span (180). Esch Une
{ho new aston of, woul be IF ese
‘than its pres aie
Wide toning with Gta rsoaner,
‘he LR eit may pedo a yak oe
ge at the harmon quen a hee
{al ued which woud ge midi r=
tele o ai ths etn, the pk
ten af shame ques the
dal of Gyr a particular etl und
work ui Combination, dodo soto
Fit, by rotating to capaci over is
lose.
During ung, ia conductive ad is
rough ear the resonant network fhe
irn weld be
Co pacta wound, sing the frm
ue glen inthe ate, and ici
ally determined, using two re
uen method and series connection
‘Seid, ar abused in Tab I, UD
ad pot
Power ap may bo ssl spe
at onthe POB whch may be eat xt
frm the main PCB, Variable tuning a
ten (Cand Cp map nec fe
foils (Ly and Ly. witches, LEDS,
Dieter, ee may be mounted on rt
Piel 3
www.electronicsforu.com
Enemy LED DS, e he dition of
the meer pine, woul be te mas
‘mom at mac, pa fo
ight be doe wow gl po the
Desk decor Gradual dee i
ret restan vale per VR
Itt no peak Bund I woul mean
at ental Fegan i tapi
‘Ty sik als cal
5 Note down the cauca vas
fm the dls Cand Cy The tal
valo caian C à een by C=
Les
‘Theale of. may bein the nage
1090. Cece high Cn,
‘yb dppf the laos
Cate the va of L sng
ation.
2 Seren connection. Ti inches
Bin steps
Timer sept inthe tl ck
enna th under tt rs tr
ala XL und sua wero ars
2 abe ay et XU er
alo ing a sal wie Tun C, 4
tata peak oo LED DS or meta) Not
the capas vales for the di of
toning pect C nd Lt thi ale
be Où Inn pak bine, yi
tate ad wero ciation
2. Remene the short sons XI and
rca de cc ring €, (anor
towards Ive spaces lo
‘Sah the peak ce aga Make à
fn asen win Cy Rte tn ew
postions on the dal Let de ne om
Cande toy
ce he valu ofthe unkown
indian fo Ep Dr) ven bee
3 Tworfequeney method. Ya cl
tide gon pnk pw on
tho ler gue, mC, anf,
SEC, en tuning te da en Ln Be
‘stl re th rl bw
teeth ab
ul ©
Meth finde sale of apa
tance Palo estes pe lor:
ane the et rra
pint a partir eta worked
‘mbit
2 od the copan als fom
the di Le the cube C,
3 Comme the capaci under tet in
paral with Ce
“Ratan h ei 1 o he pk
ack
$ Net the nw sales of ospcanse
fromthe dale Le sum he o
à Caelate he unknown apchance
fro bo elaine
PET
Method 1 determine an unknown
reguener Freueney dan kon RE
some srl may be marred by RL
Towing tsps pen bow:
Canned sable workin the
2 Connect the RP signal nrc vith
komm frequency P,) to the gta of
fe transistor 2, her icon
‘ho cya olor rom it with he ep
ows
3 Appt power tthe meer by tara
ing eich Stu
App RR power 1 the resonant
ici ater ung vith 2.
‘Tle the rsonant elt pt à
peak Hf pak obtained y with an-
hee waked
8 Note the capactane vale fo
the dials of the ting apts Lt the
ambec.
7 Clute the ques othe in
coming HF signaling the flowing
Les
m.
av
Her, snp and Cin
A a standard variable capter is mat
able, we may ue. afer proper cl
ain 9 pe arabe cape wich
is generally wed be radio mek. o le
‘at th sue, lw the tp iene
im
1. Sith onthe RP ware witha 35
Mie tal, Aa work, and a 25
space fr Cy
2 Rate tuning captor wards
‘ts maxim eet (approx 200 BP.
3 Tun y varying the dag the el
to et a pak onthe metro LED.
“LIT you rogue à ein of 10
PP, eect a standard lo lan 10
espacio gral with Instant
‘cei woud be ou fe
5 Rotatcapar C, to ge back the
peak gan Mark the ne poston of
Toute Cab
E Rao spe 4 and 5 to cover the
ete angular span (180). Esch Une
{ho new aston of, woul be IF ese
‘than its pres aie
Wide toning with Gta rsoaner,
‘he LR eit may pedo a yak oe
ge at the harmon quen a hee
{al ued which woud ge midi r=
tele o ai ths etn, the pk
ten af shame ques the
dal of Gyr a particular etl und
work ui Combination, dodo soto
Fit, by rotating to capaci over is
lose.
During ung, ia conductive ad is
rough ear the resonant network fhe
irn weld be
Co pacta wound, sing the frm
ue glen inthe ate, and ici
ally determined, using two re
uen method and series connection
‘Seid, ar abused in Tab I, UD
ad pot
Power ap may bo ssl spe
at onthe POB whch may be eat xt
frm the main PCB, Variable tuning a
ten (Cand Cp map nec fe
foils (Ly and Ly. witches, LEDS,
Dieter, ee may be mounted on rt
Piel 3
www.electronicsforu.com
ELECTROLYSIS-PROOF COMPLETE ===:
WATER-LEVEL SOLUTION
LOKESH KUMATH
The power supply section (Fig. D) e
WATER-LEVEL SOLUTION
LOKESH KUMATH
The power supply section (Fig. D) e
© po ey maid pars
Pot au ow irene
[©
das protein ide.
The under and ocertollage eat
cf scion (ig. compi à dsl
Compare, o pop trans, and a
few ober divert components This part
be Gras ment o the motor in
as aan mais voltage pally 1500
{0 180V ora aa ge than a spe
ede ay 250 to 270. The ure
lated DO sled y mens e pote
al divider network comping eos
3 end RL The sampled lage gto
{oto compares nie IC LSI. The
ferro lage Br hse wo compar
{or ae a by resets VR and VI The
pus ofboth the comparas are ar
Sedo Cal high, nl the low oe
gh vage int ae code), Tat,
shen the AC mana ps blow (rise
‘ove the pect heres the anta of
‘he compartrs chungo tole ara. The
put ol either compas, bn low,
‘onlin lighting ul o espect
LED--D7 (be lor lini) and DS he
upper limi ia tasitas TL and T2
CNO) ito tig rund.
"The ents bss comparar ls
010 input NAND gta 107 (CDS) o
‘Sol the a vn transito 7. Al
{nat CT ar high when alleine
required o running of the pump te
‘refilled. When ono more condon
ae mt met th up FIT ges high to
rene lay RL vis rito 17
‘Bipolar squarewave generation
ig. D. One ido ofthe secondary of
leaner Xs ko cometo o p-
Sp ICO GA TD) il wed hee
parate to prove bpaur square
ve (ring positive and negative
Tats I ot advised ory cn
et the onde to the probe in
the tanks Dc, ae to any reson
the primary and secondary et sere,
thor isk of hock a in scary
seal be rey conned tthe robes
Trend in water id th tank. Boi
ve ue à compartr in been the se
ovary and robes, the IC mou et open
{ewe primary and ccndary wndnge
fe shred For dona ty,
fess 2 and PO, ah of A apio
conned he uit scary wind
"Pump motor ful election circuit
Giga Land 2, À sensor pe dis
tho ow of water 1 fed js atthe
‘ath of the ink pio, eth eer
od tank When te ior i ouput
{Gof NAND ate ICT is high, tania
TO (NE) te estate) and ee.
Sire, per CI la tras e
ao als the dk input pin 3 of Ta)
{ip dp to rand Zoe Di ensures hut
transitar TO doe mit onde wth ge
Seele M at ae
"Wen the orf rung (a he
Inputs NAND gate 17 are igh rane
‘Stor T9 ba i ple to grund and
ths capaci CIS tars carping va re:
‘itor HIG The RC combination acted
{using the wel-knomn charging formula
Mo's Ve seh dut takes
aout 1 tds oe apr io ach
Va Varie about 4 vol tec pp
Aa) to tog, taking ts @ pn oe to
op the matar (ia IT, transistor 7,
“ná ley RL However sf water tare
ving within 15 seconde ater he tart
ing of mtr, tater TS would tart
‘ending ad charge capacur CI,
sol ang to charg, image af
the rae of trast 19. Ts pacte
CIS remains dita
„DE du ay
hk oF pump mo
{Sar ea tr este
‘nde, whch es Q pin 2 Tow. As
resul, the output a ICT gue high and
the motor stop Simat, espa
tor CLS diam. AL the natant Q
es low, Q Qin D ges high and 0 a
ek is applied 1 va sstoreapec
ter combination o RISC, wo that ck
imp pin 1.1108 ques hgh afer abr
10 md, AF a rel, pin 21S gu
Pot au ow irene
[©
das protein ide.
The under and ocertollage eat
cf scion (ig. compi à dsl
Compare, o pop trans, and a
few ober divert components This part
be Gras ment o the motor in
as aan mais voltage pally 1500
{0 180V ora aa ge than a spe
ede ay 250 to 270. The ure
lated DO sled y mens e pote
al divider network comping eos
3 end RL The sampled lage gto
{oto compares nie IC LSI. The
ferro lage Br hse wo compar
{or ae a by resets VR and VI The
pus ofboth the comparas are ar
Sedo Cal high, nl the low oe
gh vage int ae code), Tat,
shen the AC mana ps blow (rise
‘ove the pect heres the anta of
‘he compartrs chungo tole ara. The
put ol either compas, bn low,
‘onlin lighting ul o espect
LED--D7 (be lor lini) and DS he
upper limi ia tasitas TL and T2
CNO) ito tig rund.
"The ents bss comparar ls
010 input NAND gta 107 (CDS) o
‘Sol the a vn transito 7. Al
{nat CT ar high when alleine
required o running of the pump te
‘refilled. When ono more condon
ae mt met th up FIT ges high to
rene lay RL vis rito 17
‘Bipolar squarewave generation
ig. D. One ido ofthe secondary of
leaner Xs ko cometo o p-
Sp ICO GA TD) il wed hee
parate to prove bpaur square
ve (ring positive and negative
Tats I ot advised ory cn
et the onde to the probe in
the tanks Dc, ae to any reson
the primary and secondary et sere,
thor isk of hock a in scary
seal be rey conned tthe robes
Trend in water id th tank. Boi
ve ue à compartr in been the se
ovary and robes, the IC mou et open
{ewe primary and ccndary wndnge
fe shred For dona ty,
fess 2 and PO, ah of A apio
conned he uit scary wind
"Pump motor ful election circuit
Giga Land 2, À sensor pe dis
tho ow of water 1 fed js atthe
‘ath of the ink pio, eth eer
od tank When te ior i ouput
{Gof NAND ate ICT is high, tania
TO (NE) te estate) and ee.
Sire, per CI la tras e
ao als the dk input pin 3 of Ta)
{ip dp to rand Zoe Di ensures hut
transitar TO doe mit onde wth ge
Seele M at ae
"Wen the orf rung (a he
Inputs NAND gate 17 are igh rane
‘Stor T9 ba i ple to grund and
ths capaci CIS tars carping va re:
‘itor HIG The RC combination acted
{using the wel-knomn charging formula
Mo's Ve seh dut takes
aout 1 tds oe apr io ach
Va Varie about 4 vol tec pp
Aa) to tog, taking ts @ pn oe to
op the matar (ia IT, transistor 7,
“ná ley RL However sf water tare
ving within 15 seconde ater he tart
ing of mtr, tater TS would tart
‘ending ad charge capacur CI,
sol ang to charg, image af
the rae of trast 19. Ts pacte
CIS remains dita
„DE du ay
hk oF pump mo
{Sar ea tr este
‘nde, whch es Q pin 2 Tow. As
resul, the output a ICT gue high and
the motor stop Simat, espa
tor CLS diam. AL the natant Q
es low, Q Qin D ges high and 0 a
ek is applied 1 va sstoreapec
ter combination o RISC, wo that ck
imp pin 1.1108 ques hgh afer abr
10 md, AF a rel, pin 21S gu
tr fat nding that he
reis tank bs ben filed
[emplea At ths instant LED
DIN ic itt oat a cd
the, whe during mar ful
condi motor fal LED D2?
he Ths, hy ing the ame
alarm fi and two dierent
rom He
o Eo
coa
az
er taking appropriate reel ston
ach as fing he fale of he ote
Seth water or by removing the eck
Inside the pipe.
‘esereolrsump tank el detec
tion (ig D. To tart te wer hon
‘he water lel in he reser a
‘ent Gere and top the mater on
{he lvl fl Blow a parlar el
(en Are he to antons prod
‘by this con. 08 (mer NESS) icon
Sard bere to fein in be able
‘med of operation. When the water vel
Je tlw th mini er A both pins
2 and 6 of 108 ar on. ln hat, he
pat igh s the tral RS Tip.
eps th tonton
he water ries up to ler A and
love but bow level B pin 2 sat high
level Bat nth state o change crm
the output because bth the input o
{he ip ae a loge er ad the
inal dt reat a th opt
‘When water ios leal B be,
in go high and the cual ow A à
Flle ofrantr TI pes high
nd the moter start, al her nota
107 areal high, Ts, water er in
{here sat drain. and when
it gos bio lee A, the output of 10S
{high and the mole spe
Copec CAD aná CH ata Bite
capacita Te vale of C216 selected
ch that i takes aout 10 send do
‘each 28 Ve potential at pin 6, hen
ling any tres rt of the mo.
dor det and cations athe ma:
ter lee fhe reservoir dan to any rn
00. Revisor RE and RAS are Bader
‘esr fr dcha thee cpus
‘Sites 9 and Stare ml o sich
‘on and eich the motor especialy,
eae any emerge.
“Miscellaneous functions (ige 1
end 2) Tantra TS ough 15 are
‘tds dive LEDS D voce DI, which
Indiat the lvl of watr soto ve.
ad take The bu al trae 5 à
ao conecte to RESET pin 4 f 19 to
ond an lar (mia ht nce of
LED, two diferent condone
reine Th clear
sme transito conoci to NAND
{te ICT to vih of the mat hen the
{inks led pt mai ee
"The grund pin of med gore
NS US end tte emia of
tras 7, Thos, the moldy IC ib!
‘then the ia 6 runing. The volume
Shi eddy cn be contr by pret
m.
ide D23 ec ar the relay
te ‘bier dine o protect emitter
Jaci of Caco 03 le o
‘ei chatering ofthe ray,
SI can be any O25W-W, Schm
speaker. RL shold be a god qua
EV. 20 relay, witha tat ating
a lest JO The combinations of
ea ristr CIO} and CIO
farm pero reset cis. Sie the
{CMOS Cs ae nd hr, the nie mi
fi aul igh The fat ana aout
fer he stm given in Fig 5.
Precautions
1. The pes ou be made ofa mate-
fal which restos, uch e ae
ak ar ra,
2 Ads pris VRI and VE wing
sn autre
CI and 102 tad be provided
sth beatin
"e Level Af the reservoir told be
sch hat he tae ju under wa
The probs ceric with AC (on
‘eel 10 tpt 101) shal run up
{othe btm ft OHT and amp tan.
6. The waterowsensing probe
soul be ina wel above the tank
{ar ke.
7, Remote thatthe Yow lr LED
indctos tht water betwee the ow
lee end lee: When th iow eel
and all level LEDs ae on, the wer
lee betwee al andl ove,
8. The probes inserta dep down to
he bot, ld be complet nc.
ed up othe tp pono of he tank,
‘edhe irn robes hl be se
ler a un rer
I Ra
lice buat a Rap
ps Dt
I CD Epa AND que
Mo Cure
rer: ee
[rare Sie ym nating
LED sre
oie
lec
Eo eee
Ir ‘aw ace sous 1A
Es
EE
eer
Jet ei ring rc
2
‘spose ut ot o elos o ad any
‘rater droplets sin aes hem) to
ive minimum ater malte.
inge sio cunts PCB or the
(mp ee of the projet gen in
Fie ds ce yet fr ie
same given nig 2
reis tank bs ben filed
[emplea At ths instant LED
DIN ic itt oat a cd
the, whe during mar ful
condi motor fal LED D2?
he Ths, hy ing the ame
alarm fi and two dierent
rom He
o Eo
coa
az
er taking appropriate reel ston
ach as fing he fale of he ote
Seth water or by removing the eck
Inside the pipe.
‘esereolrsump tank el detec
tion (ig D. To tart te wer hon
‘he water lel in he reser a
‘ent Gere and top the mater on
{he lvl fl Blow a parlar el
(en Are he to antons prod
‘by this con. 08 (mer NESS) icon
Sard bere to fein in be able
‘med of operation. When the water vel
Je tlw th mini er A both pins
2 and 6 of 108 ar on. ln hat, he
pat igh s the tral RS Tip.
eps th tonton
he water ries up to ler A and
love but bow level B pin 2 sat high
level Bat nth state o change crm
the output because bth the input o
{he ip ae a loge er ad the
inal dt reat a th opt
‘When water ios leal B be,
in go high and the cual ow A à
Flle ofrantr TI pes high
nd the moter start, al her nota
107 areal high, Ts, water er in
{here sat drain. and when
it gos bio lee A, the output of 10S
{high and the mole spe
Copec CAD aná CH ata Bite
capacita Te vale of C216 selected
ch that i takes aout 10 send do
‘each 28 Ve potential at pin 6, hen
ling any tres rt of the mo.
dor det and cations athe ma:
ter lee fhe reservoir dan to any rn
00. Revisor RE and RAS are Bader
‘esr fr dcha thee cpus
‘Sites 9 and Stare ml o sich
‘on and eich the motor especialy,
eae any emerge.
“Miscellaneous functions (ige 1
end 2) Tantra TS ough 15 are
‘tds dive LEDS D voce DI, which
Indiat the lvl of watr soto ve.
ad take The bu al trae 5 à
ao conecte to RESET pin 4 f 19 to
ond an lar (mia ht nce of
LED, two diferent condone
reine Th clear
sme transito conoci to NAND
{te ICT to vih of the mat hen the
{inks led pt mai ee
"The grund pin of med gore
NS US end tte emia of
tras 7, Thos, the moldy IC ib!
‘then the ia 6 runing. The volume
Shi eddy cn be contr by pret
m.
ide D23 ec ar the relay
te ‘bier dine o protect emitter
Jaci of Caco 03 le o
‘ei chatering ofthe ray,
SI can be any O25W-W, Schm
speaker. RL shold be a god qua
EV. 20 relay, witha tat ating
a lest JO The combinations of
ea ristr CIO} and CIO
farm pero reset cis. Sie the
{CMOS Cs ae nd hr, the nie mi
fi aul igh The fat ana aout
fer he stm given in Fig 5.
Precautions
1. The pes ou be made ofa mate-
fal which restos, uch e ae
ak ar ra,
2 Ads pris VRI and VE wing
sn autre
CI and 102 tad be provided
sth beatin
"e Level Af the reservoir told be
sch hat he tae ju under wa
The probs ceric with AC (on
‘eel 10 tpt 101) shal run up
{othe btm ft OHT and amp tan.
6. The waterowsensing probe
soul be ina wel above the tank
{ar ke.
7, Remote thatthe Yow lr LED
indctos tht water betwee the ow
lee end lee: When th iow eel
and all level LEDs ae on, the wer
lee betwee al andl ove,
8. The probes inserta dep down to
he bot, ld be complet nc.
ed up othe tp pono of he tank,
‘edhe irn robes hl be se
ler a un rer
I Ra
lice buat a Rap
ps Dt
I CD Epa AND que
Mo Cure
rer: ee
[rare Sie ym nating
LED sre
oie
lec
Eo eee
Ir ‘aw ace sous 1A
Es
EE
eer
Jet ei ring rc
2
‘spose ut ot o elos o ad any
‘rater droplets sin aes hem) to
ive minimum ater malte.
inge sio cunts PCB or the
(mp ee of the projet gen in
Fie ds ce yet fr ie
same given nig 2
CIRCUIT IDEAS
‘aie da
PENDULUM DISPLAY ane
3, SE
u [RE
= ‘high, the output of flip-op formed by
ed
mes rene RSS
KP VISWANATHAN
med fr producing eye-atehing | nected to ICS (CDAUDR, which a af. | vipu 09 beam high the Bip op e
‘ects ike endl’ and as | 10 dde. A pr social BCD In: | toggled and pn 10 af 102 à pal o
ing Nah: o and fo matin of.
a pend can Be lated
by’ arranging ten babe in a
cured fabien and lighting
‘hen up sequently, at in
‘ne diction and the inthe
‘ter, using this eit. For
panda fc, quen
‘Towler sd quito.
Simiars. one may rate
dui ight elt by sing
19 babe and connecting the
in much a way tht album
Ber Land 19, Zand 1,3 an
I. co on ae in parallel or
hing de ding iho
fet the oct egoency
‘ald be comparatively high
Tn ths eat NOR mies
N and Na fr an ltr
whose perio cn be ads
Thro paimeer VEL Ose
Te sut fe dk in
15 of 1C2 CDS) whieh ie
& binary/BcD pido
‘unter. AS lng as in 10 of
102 ina oe 1, touts up
when it changes to le 0 1
sunt doma. This changeover i ex
Pine teow
pats (ap or down} outputs of 1 go | ai, and he contr starts counting
igh and rigger the trace (rich | down. The gl repeat edly.
AUDIO LEVELINDIERTOR Bo, jes esa
By nate tet
oe
AS | Sate pate or can,
LOKESH KUMATHL > Sov mye rol and ene
‘sagt os sooner th ae
ant ev or sd | tn the cl) alo ic, Te | LEDS fone on fay be mode ap.
hori te sep anda | ging LEDs oe a the to sid | par moving fm It ight ads
rea avaiable Te ane | weld appar one carve | Die shri ope ton Es
im ofthe creat ean bo andes | nen, le he be cet LEDs | fn High foe
robe lo Fig 2 sch thos | appar mme sect die | "ln the Gea shown in Fe 1, IC
{ee re ec fred ty aod | on Wen ro audi esa, te [55 wird to operat in an ale
‘Bren LED nope ‘ce tae tro men appa | mode ara shag cnr lator
en the woe neat | feta {Te nr dre bre
sona ofthe male (oras Qc |” Alto the LEDs her ae ar. | pin 8 hich Enano ling
‘aie da
PENDULUM DISPLAY ane
3, SE
u [RE
= ‘high, the output of flip-op formed by
ed
mes rene RSS
KP VISWANATHAN
med fr producing eye-atehing | nected to ICS (CDAUDR, which a af. | vipu 09 beam high the Bip op e
‘ects ike endl’ and as | 10 dde. A pr social BCD In: | toggled and pn 10 af 102 à pal o
ing Nah: o and fo matin of.
a pend can Be lated
by’ arranging ten babe in a
cured fabien and lighting
‘hen up sequently, at in
‘ne diction and the inthe
‘ter, using this eit. For
panda fc, quen
‘Towler sd quito.
Simiars. one may rate
dui ight elt by sing
19 babe and connecting the
in much a way tht album
Ber Land 19, Zand 1,3 an
I. co on ae in parallel or
hing de ding iho
fet the oct egoency
‘ald be comparatively high
Tn ths eat NOR mies
N and Na fr an ltr
whose perio cn be ads
Thro paimeer VEL Ose
Te sut fe dk in
15 of 1C2 CDS) whieh ie
& binary/BcD pido
‘unter. AS lng as in 10 of
102 ina oe 1, touts up
when it changes to le 0 1
sunt doma. This changeover i ex
Pine teow
pats (ap or down} outputs of 1 go | ai, and he contr starts counting
igh and rigger the trace (rich | down. The gl repeat edly.
AUDIO LEVELINDIERTOR Bo, jes esa
By nate tet
oe
AS | Sate pate or can,
LOKESH KUMATHL > Sov mye rol and ene
‘sagt os sooner th ae
ant ev or sd | tn the cl) alo ic, Te | LEDS fone on fay be mode ap.
hori te sep anda | ging LEDs oe a the to sid | par moving fm It ight ads
rea avaiable Te ane | weld appar one carve | Die shri ope ton Es
im ofthe creat ean bo andes | nen, le he be cet LEDs | fn High foe
robe lo Fig 2 sch thos | appar mme sect die | "ln the Gea shown in Fe 1, IC
{ee re ec fred ty aod | on Wen ro audi esa, te [55 wird to operat in an ale
‘Bren LED nope ‘ce tae tro men appa | mode ara shag cnr lator
en the woe neat | feta {Te nr dre bre
sona ofthe male (oras Qc |” Alto the LEDs her ae ar. | pin 8 hich Enano ling
The aio tt isso
take day Fo the ou
put of the deck (ace
ps termina) bees
the put acess speaker
terminals depends pen the
Sing of be volume con
trol and would very fom
foe model to the other
Hr, de MA and the ight
pus Gn ca ofa str
eh are fod 1 the input
af an audi amplifier IC
TASIO, vo capaces C1
and C2 (OP These bn.
Value capacitors help to
Fina the required spe
ration between Inf and
ht channels Otherwise,
at high frequenciew the
separan may fl teen
dons, thereby abort
‘lig Land chao.
‘ho 10k pest VEL be
fre HC TRAD à und to
‘oat tbe output level so
that at maximum output
306 in euch hat the fe
ian Ce
pin ect othe invert
(una a compara
tor inside the 10) de où
frounded vin a eapacton,
i th pot at pin
nade to chango in ae
dance wth the audio
love Th este the in
ermal Mipop of timer
MESES to at and rst ac
cording to the audi led,
tod bec Gh culpa fre
¿uan varie correspond:
Say. Tis ott i foo
the dock pat pin of ig
counter IC CDIOIT whe
propano de eck im
Put or the audio level
resent a pin 502
eier af 555 i between 1
and 15 He (epprainatly) Otherwise,
Al the LEDs atthe output of 13 wi
‘omar Miki
Te oer 10K pst VR in wed 0
st the normal speed of the ruleta,
een? and 3H
‘One pratt be sta here, tht
‘he adi sigo sh be taken fen
the cp of preamp 10 tho deck
jn bef the volume ecto The ot
pa wi depend an the sting of vo
Ue contra hich we db ot wan if
the ken aftr the olmo cota
‘The parer pps fr the cet may
‘tape fm the power spay af he
deck as shown in Fig. 1 The power
‘supply algo in à de is mt exactly
12V DO, biti and 18 UV e
preferable a connect a 112 muller
Te ar 12V regulation
WWW. electronicsforu. com
dedicate
nics enthusias!
take day Fo the ou
put of the deck (ace
ps termina) bees
the put acess speaker
terminals depends pen the
Sing of be volume con
trol and would very fom
foe model to the other
Hr, de MA and the ight
pus Gn ca ofa str
eh are fod 1 the input
af an audi amplifier IC
TASIO, vo capaces C1
and C2 (OP These bn.
Value capacitors help to
Fina the required spe
ration between Inf and
ht channels Otherwise,
at high frequenciew the
separan may fl teen
dons, thereby abort
‘lig Land chao.
‘ho 10k pest VEL be
fre HC TRAD à und to
‘oat tbe output level so
that at maximum output
306 in euch hat the fe
ian Ce
pin ect othe invert
(una a compara
tor inside the 10) de où
frounded vin a eapacton,
i th pot at pin
nade to chango in ae
dance wth the audio
love Th este the in
ermal Mipop of timer
MESES to at and rst ac
cording to the audi led,
tod bec Gh culpa fre
¿uan varie correspond:
Say. Tis ott i foo
the dock pat pin of ig
counter IC CDIOIT whe
propano de eck im
Put or the audio level
resent a pin 502
eier af 555 i between 1
and 15 He (epprainatly) Otherwise,
Al the LEDs atthe output of 13 wi
‘omar Miki
Te oer 10K pst VR in wed 0
st the normal speed of the ruleta,
een? and 3H
‘One pratt be sta here, tht
‘he adi sigo sh be taken fen
the cp of preamp 10 tho deck
jn bef the volume ecto The ot
pa wi depend an the sting of vo
Ue contra hich we db ot wan if
the ken aftr the olmo cota
‘The parer pps fr the cet may
‘tape fm the power spay af he
deck as shown in Fig. 1 The power
‘supply algo in à de is mt exactly
12V DO, biti and 18 UV e
preferable a connect a 112 muller
Te ar 12V regulation
WWW. electronicsforu. com
dedicate
nics enthusias!
CLEVER RAIN-ALARM (ex
LK. CHANDRA MOULEESWARAN
sully rail emplo à
age senor. À serous draw:
tack of this pe of semer Is
that even if ingle do of water falls
m the sar, the alm weld sound
There is probably thatthe alarm
may be fase To mercome this da
Beck, er we maño us four sensor,
‘och lcd well away fom the other a.
‘tale pon the ro The ran lars
oul sud any all he ur sensors
{wot This reduces the probability ef
Ei alam to vr gest ten
‘The four runner SRI to SRA,
lng wih pla resistors RL to RÁ
(conecto 1 postive ak and iver
om NIN, fm th rinnen.
te tage. Th sr wires are tought
o the PCB input pits Eo BS ing a
‘cor ao The four coat of Stent
imener gatas NI to Ngo tothe ur
inte « Schmitt NAND pte NT, hat
ales the alarm dre age
‘When al our sore sen the ri,
eur nuts to ates NL gh NA 29
Tow and Unir sgte high. Thus al
ut of ate N is high fang oe or more
ff the rlnsenser plates SRI through
SR remain dy. The stat of te Ne
coupe vert aos NS and NG, The
iz fom ate NS de I when in e
Fed) i rough to EXT apt con
cir, which may be cd to contr!
ther eternal deves, The output fo
tho ober inverter gate NO is used as
able pat NAND gate NE, wich
configured as à on quen welter
lo drvemedalate the piro buzer via
tramitar T. The qua ofthe e
Istuindalao stage variable Between
10 rand 20 Mo withthe Bly of preset.
VAL. The buzzer if pierre pe
having continous tone that inter
rupted by the hores eat of
IR The buzzer wi snd whenever ain
ls sensed Q al ur senses.
Y poner suppl Oo is wd
Perou mo eDsonos
| ADN SAS
ue o ele prope intra of
the CMOS and TTL Cs wud in the
et The power suply require
ment qlo and aa bat
pack can be cay used. During
Seite, ny à pee cur
{eat sons by the cet Ben
during eve state ot mor than
Bia caret is mode hr ding à
good qual piso urea, Pease
‘hte that 10, beng of TTL type,
‘nods a SV related supply There
fire zer DI, alg with copar
(Chand restr RS ar wed o this
À paler, genera porone
Bera veran no eld
al the component. The snare
St Sean bite sao
in the castration guide in Pig 2
‘They can be made simply by cnc
ing alternate parallel raha sing
‚Jumper on compare side. Ue
some epoxy cemen on and around
{he wie jt at À and B to aad
corrsion Also, the sensors an be
‘erenedinplae with pay coment
four ine
pts te
Nano
gate NT
Fr
a
high and
it lat
at pia 6
ques to
le 0
The out.
I he munter seme to be
Increased, just add anather set of
CHU and 7418 Ter alongwith the
mated dette components
‘Another good uty of the rain.
slam isin agar. When dis
faba i emphyed Ge the fur senor
four comers fhe repisa ae
‘she eight fem the ground Than, ae
toon an th war ie te the sea
Te, the creat can be ued o ami
off the water pump
LK. CHANDRA MOULEESWARAN
sully rail emplo à
age senor. À serous draw:
tack of this pe of semer Is
that even if ingle do of water falls
m the sar, the alm weld sound
There is probably thatthe alarm
may be fase To mercome this da
Beck, er we maño us four sensor,
‘och lcd well away fom the other a.
‘tale pon the ro The ran lars
oul sud any all he ur sensors
{wot This reduces the probability ef
Ei alam to vr gest ten
‘The four runner SRI to SRA,
lng wih pla resistors RL to RÁ
(conecto 1 postive ak and iver
om NIN, fm th rinnen.
te tage. Th sr wires are tought
o the PCB input pits Eo BS ing a
‘cor ao The four coat of Stent
imener gatas NI to Ngo tothe ur
inte « Schmitt NAND pte NT, hat
ales the alarm dre age
‘When al our sore sen the ri,
eur nuts to ates NL gh NA 29
Tow and Unir sgte high. Thus al
ut of ate N is high fang oe or more
ff the rlnsenser plates SRI through
SR remain dy. The stat of te Ne
coupe vert aos NS and NG, The
iz fom ate NS de I when in e
Fed) i rough to EXT apt con
cir, which may be cd to contr!
ther eternal deves, The output fo
tho ober inverter gate NO is used as
able pat NAND gate NE, wich
configured as à on quen welter
lo drvemedalate the piro buzer via
tramitar T. The qua ofthe e
Istuindalao stage variable Between
10 rand 20 Mo withthe Bly of preset.
VAL. The buzzer if pierre pe
having continous tone that inter
rupted by the hores eat of
IR The buzzer wi snd whenever ain
ls sensed Q al ur senses.
Y poner suppl Oo is wd
Perou mo eDsonos
| ADN SAS
ue o ele prope intra of
the CMOS and TTL Cs wud in the
et The power suply require
ment qlo and aa bat
pack can be cay used. During
Seite, ny à pee cur
{eat sons by the cet Ben
during eve state ot mor than
Bia caret is mode hr ding à
good qual piso urea, Pease
‘hte that 10, beng of TTL type,
‘nods a SV related supply There
fire zer DI, alg with copar
(Chand restr RS ar wed o this
À paler, genera porone
Bera veran no eld
al the component. The snare
St Sean bite sao
in the castration guide in Pig 2
‘They can be made simply by cnc
ing alternate parallel raha sing
‚Jumper on compare side. Ue
some epoxy cemen on and around
{he wie jt at À and B to aad
corrsion Also, the sensors an be
‘erenedinplae with pay coment
four ine
pts te
Nano
gate NT
Fr
a
high and
it lat
at pia 6
ques to
le 0
The out.
I he munter seme to be
Increased, just add anather set of
CHU and 7418 Ter alongwith the
mated dette components
‘Another good uty of the rain.
slam isin agar. When dis
faba i emphyed Ge the fur senor
four comers fhe repisa ae
‘she eight fem the ground Than, ae
toon an th war ie te the sea
Te, the creat can be ued o ami
off the water pump
LASER CONTROLLED ON/OFF SWITCH 3
DrKPRAO
ia cris hit around 655
mor using very low compa. get
ent, Sic the cutis very | alii) he Taser Beam excl cto
single, een noc can as Bult | the LDR à a rc problem.
and we aca contig deve. Alaer | "The eu very Welln sich“
only im darko al environment
By focussing the laser beam on
LDR the canned gd can be ac
ated tregh the rey, whereas yl.
‘using laser eam on LDR we can
inte, nor cy avaiable inte mar | ing on fn at night witht got
Vs, ano sed to operate this er. | ng of be be. ca alo be und fo
"his circuit has fe tse in op | string a varity of br devices
ata! condins rn a datanee l | the rd or muse stem. The Hm
00 mars and was fond to werk at | ton thatthe Girl operon
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION
RECORDER ee
PRADEEP VASUDEVA
his circuit enables automatic | connected to the tlepone Ines, Re-
vithingn of the ape recado | Str RI and R2 ac an a vlg di
hen the hand elite, Te | ver The voltage appearing ames 2
tape reorder pta sited off when |i fo othe MICEN soko he tap
the bandit i rela. Toe signal re | recor. Te wlan of RI and 2 may
‘ay atomated o à level at which | be changed depending onthe np nr
{hey canbe recorded sing the ‘MIC: | place ofthe tape ecards MICA
IN oct of the tape wei erminals. Capacitor CI de und for
Foot X and Y inthe out are | Biking the ow of DC.
‘och off the pe. The tne i on
Figured sport In bistable wade
The ner punter ee avale fr
Yee an R10 in the marke The eet
‘he atl ru e los than a 0
‘The second part of the srt con:
trol ley HLL, wich i ud atch
RT the pe rer À lage 48
‘ots appear am the pie nes
in ande coin. This vola drops
to about 9 ole when the handel à
Mel Dis DI though DA constitute
a bridge retifierpolanty guard. This
ura that trata E por age
proper pola. irspetve of the
petty othe than ne
During ook coin the eu
pat fom the bridge (48V DO) pases
dira 12 seer D andi ppl Lo
the Bso of tractor TL inthe vo
age divide comprising ritos R and
i. The seiches on rior TI and
{leo pla ow. Ti, ture,
DrKPRAO
ia cris hit around 655
mor using very low compa. get
ent, Sic the cutis very | alii) he Taser Beam excl cto
single, een noc can as Bult | the LDR à a rc problem.
and we aca contig deve. Alaer | "The eu very Welln sich“
only im darko al environment
By focussing the laser beam on
LDR the canned gd can be ac
ated tregh the rey, whereas yl.
‘using laser eam on LDR we can
inte, nor cy avaiable inte mar | ing on fn at night witht got
Vs, ano sed to operate this er. | ng of be be. ca alo be und fo
"his circuit has fe tse in op | string a varity of br devices
ata! condins rn a datanee l | the rd or muse stem. The Hm
00 mars and was fond to werk at | ton thatthe Girl operon
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION
RECORDER ee
PRADEEP VASUDEVA
his circuit enables automatic | connected to the tlepone Ines, Re-
vithingn of the ape recado | Str RI and R2 ac an a vlg di
hen the hand elite, Te | ver The voltage appearing ames 2
tape reorder pta sited off when |i fo othe MICEN soko he tap
the bandit i rela. Toe signal re | recor. Te wlan of RI and 2 may
‘ay atomated o à level at which | be changed depending onthe np nr
{hey canbe recorded sing the ‘MIC: | place ofthe tape ecards MICA
IN oct of the tape wei erminals. Capacitor CI de und for
Foot X and Y inthe out are | Biking the ow of DC.
‘och off the pe. The tne i on
Figured sport In bistable wade
The ner punter ee avale fr
Yee an R10 in the marke The eet
‘he atl ru e los than a 0
‘The second part of the srt con:
trol ley HLL, wich i ud atch
RT the pe rer À lage 48
‘ots appear am the pie nes
in ande coin. This vola drops
to about 9 ole when the handel à
Mel Dis DI though DA constitute
a bridge retifierpolanty guard. This
ura that trata E por age
proper pola. irspetve of the
petty othe than ne
During ook coin the eu
pat fom the bridge (48V DO) pases
dira 12 seer D andi ppl Lo
the Bso of tractor TL inthe vo
age divide comprising ritos R and
i. The seiches on rior TI and
{leo pla ow. Ti, ture,
estrato T o ct off
bd by RL a ot ered
‘When the tlhe bande
ls it, voa ars pins
X andY falto 12 vl and
0 senor nd DS do me cr
ct Ana ren tae ef wai
tar Te pled io ground pt
tala eto Ré an haart
AE Thus, be of rn T2
ts forward based ia resto
As, whch rou ia the ecrit of
lay RL. Th ap modern sich
‘et and ewig ego.
The tape recrdr shold be kept
Toll wilh» camela and the ead
tn ofthe tape recorder shoul m
sain presed to enable tt or tbe
Seelen as ss the Randa a
Tied. Copier CF ensure ha em
lay is not ich omand of repeat
dl when a number bing died in
ae dating mude.
ch SL
SIMPLE AND ECONOMIC SINGLE- „7:4:
Sec ya Psa te
PHASING PREVENTOR = (Se 3.5:
pd dt
SS Sant denen ey met
PRAVINCHANDRA B META ie cnn ny et
ix se D pa ap a
as m up | set apn. These sp | Lo) lc bli
Mista aac a | lg appre WE | tne se a Ak ang
tr etn rece | tebe Sys,
A do | eur il co EP
Scag Ht be |S eer te eer | iS a a a
raat mya nae tp an Lol se We tema | te où ee
imi tet cage Rat | Sed ee ar ws pes | Nee eal eet fn
pe
na ae
S| | des Ou
Esad avale mins d ai! $ fe
ee + E
X12, and 3 @90V AC
primary to O, Mona
cade rat aro on
with der primar am
rected in tar mode and
andare in open dla
mode. The charité
A is type of wanecion Pr
ds tht when reposo estes
Balan ip de apli
to the primar, o cat “®
pat as open dl sc.
nda wilde aaa
But in cam of mar ur.
alae se single gi,
same voltage, called re
bal voltage, inc
in the enla oros
pts Land shown in
bd by RL a ot ered
‘When the tlhe bande
ls it, voa ars pins
X andY falto 12 vl and
0 senor nd DS do me cr
ct Ana ren tae ef wai
tar Te pled io ground pt
tala eto Ré an haart
AE Thus, be of rn T2
ts forward based ia resto
As, whch rou ia the ecrit of
lay RL. Th ap modern sich
‘et and ewig ego.
The tape recrdr shold be kept
Toll wilh» camela and the ead
tn ofthe tape recorder shoul m
sain presed to enable tt or tbe
Seelen as ss the Randa a
Tied. Copier CF ensure ha em
lay is not ich omand of repeat
dl when a number bing died in
ae dating mude.
ch SL
SIMPLE AND ECONOMIC SINGLE- „7:4:
Sec ya Psa te
PHASING PREVENTOR = (Se 3.5:
pd dt
SS Sant denen ey met
PRAVINCHANDRA B META ie cnn ny et
ix se D pa ap a
as m up | set apn. These sp | Lo) lc bli
Mista aac a | lg appre WE | tne se a Ak ang
tr etn rece | tebe Sys,
A do | eur il co EP
Scag Ht be |S eer te eer | iS a a a
raat mya nae tp an Lol se We tema | te où ee
imi tet cage Rat | Sed ee ar ws pes | Nee eal eet fn
pe
na ae
S| | des Ou
Esad avale mins d ai! $ fe
ee + E
X12, and 3 @90V AC
primary to O, Mona
cade rat aro on
with der primar am
rected in tar mode and
andare in open dla
mode. The charité
A is type of wanecion Pr
ds tht when reposo estes
Balan ip de apli
to the primar, o cat “®
pat as open dl sc.
nda wilde aaa
But in cam of mar ur.
alae se single gi,
same voltage, called re
bal voltage, inc
in the enla oros
pts Land shown in
verdad by the autor, the transforme
XL, X2, and 3 primaries as well,
ci SE were conecta fer he cn
acte of ntc. A rl een.
cl cotos war ni file Ben uh
‘eich SI was shied o 0 a ph,
ely RLE (or wel as contacts ©) war
energia /deenergiang in quie su
(roten during single posing and au.
Ing ring fr us reo. Hence
the ei wo suey modified ot BAY
(as presented,
2° The may won aio changed fom
12 lo BY rating N rely wat a
eng properly with single plain.
Proper pales ofthe transformer
connections has fo be ensured ithe
shoe cuit To determine proper po
lor, comes the primary ende which
fre conteo to be canned o three
hase, 1 any single phase (heather
(de ae conato eral, Na pro.
teed tome wundern of eo of the
Ure tronformers in trie and mes.
ture the AC ouput across the wean
ced ends. Tir shoul be double BAY
AG) of the ide sonde cut
CV AC). He ot an eee ne of
he o weondry conection to et he
eure ouput Similarly, comes the
{hind transformer secondary in seis
{nth the hrs avers. The ut
ut acer the ancnneled nde shuld
a be ble BV ACh If it nat a
tere the connections ofthe ir se
ondary. Now shit the primary ends
Connected 1 single photo to ech of
he the phen eh in he fg
lim The alge ars pont PDE ll
Be nearly vo if all thre phases are
Technical Editor
XL, X2, and 3 primaries as well,
ci SE were conecta fer he cn
acte of ntc. A rl een.
cl cotos war ni file Ben uh
‘eich SI was shied o 0 a ph,
ely RLE (or wel as contacts ©) war
energia /deenergiang in quie su
(roten during single posing and au.
Ing ring fr us reo. Hence
the ei wo suey modified ot BAY
(as presented,
2° The may won aio changed fom
12 lo BY rating N rely wat a
eng properly with single plain.
Proper pales ofthe transformer
connections has fo be ensured ithe
shoe cuit To determine proper po
lor, comes the primary ende which
fre conteo to be canned o three
hase, 1 any single phase (heather
(de ae conato eral, Na pro.
teed tome wundern of eo of the
Ure tronformers in trie and mes.
ture the AC ouput across the wean
ced ends. Tir shoul be double BAY
AG) of the ide sonde cut
CV AC). He ot an eee ne of
he o weondry conection to et he
eure ouput Similarly, comes the
{hind transformer secondary in seis
{nth the hrs avers. The ut
ut acer the ancnneled nde shuld
a be ble BV ACh If it nat a
tere the connections ofthe ir se
ondary. Now shit the primary ends
Connected 1 single photo to ech of
he the phen eh in he fg
lim The alge ars pont PDE ll
Be nearly vo if all thre phases are
Technical Editor
April
2000
2000
SMART CLAP SWITCH >
LOKESH KUMATH
rut o smart ap ich, in
orporatin certain nique fn.
tars i rescaled here. I otr
come the serconings sb in or
‘aa dap vices, Te folowing pe
al atures, which you woul nt have
bre in aber clap schen, an in.
ned de
(al compri ut clap evt ie
‘operates aly when you ela fr mos
to natch on a deren. Simdery, fe
‘thing the device, ju ar eed
{© again dap feu ines
(6 The ping sald sœur within
an Interval f abut 38 sends her
ie the cap eich stas wil remain
neha
na npl cap oni the conecte
ee is sited un by a singe lop
{ween adap and a sand produced won
2 meule oje falls tothe ground ot
Simply the sound of «shouting pron
‘Thi ie à commen problem in clap
cen
The rtf he ma ela ie,
this prble completely eliminated
‘Ths il a be fled ay sp
ou sound, nding the en produced
then a dcr i strongly tang Ti ean
o wel andara om e making of
the cit explained Els,
NOV AC covetd int 1 replated
DO ep une 1501518 seondar.
PR]
compact Ser CMOS Osa used in
(he el, pomor cnsmptin qui
law andthe co eon fh rt
ig abou SAV
Restor RI bases te inser mi
crepe ad the otal als (on.
Vente from sound waves) are fe to
Tair sage NI wih high Input imp.
nc The ig ren sigas re
passed to oun y shunting te m
repo with apache CI. The mi out
ul lo o à preamplifier sage bil
Se
sound opamp N2 The gin of pep
fersiageis 8.
Toe net stage comprising copar
(andre RS onto pans
ler wih ete frequen nt 3.
‘The ier aid fle atin of
the eich by spurious Towfequeney
(Wunde auch a hse prided by fan,
motor, and ter aise Alt
this pri may pu beauty
sonal because me ao wing a ded
und provide inal sy
"Te High pas Mur ago i flowed
by an amplifier tage anund opamp NO
a gm of 2. Tha, he oral ain
ib opamp N2 and NO about 150,
eh gute agate
‘Te neat stage formol sing opamp
IN is a compara, The referee va
ge connected othe Sveti terminal
the cmpaator can be varia, Im
‘Shut 02V to aout BV hy aig pre
ft VEL. Thos, the entry to lap
‘ound canbe ot y pect VRL The rod
LED D gives an dati thatthe cap
al as hen detected
Ut: 106 (NESSS) xed à
most, ple with of 20 ms,
Pa teen add at EFY ab during the
course of sting, to ima he eet
uke pulses generated a he ete
of eomparto Nt even wih single
EN
"The main conto! section i formed
sound ICS (74182 or CIS, which
13 Ai apédomn presctabl decade
unter, 74CIR2CD 4008 8 CMOS er
‘oof 74192. Hore, one cn even we
TUCISSCDADI, a Lt pn ary
contr sine counting up o decimal it
‘nly i nod. The ato mention
Dem of ni]
rg root
Be
Te rel er
‘fee renin
a)
106 ar pinto pin compatible
"The oer Cx wed te cnt se
tim are 1 (lJ ipo) and CA
(88568 timer, sure as mono
pop) When power app tothe
ri, IC, ICA, and 105 re run hy
Semen rest ces compila ap
Vars enbinatons of 149, O
IS and CISRZ rot, Ths al
auge (Q, 09) are lg eo
once, all the ral nad inputs (A
thragh D) CCS ao als at ge en,
‘Too @ outputs of C3 ae wie ta Y
ouput ar hig The CLA inp of 103
Ie ini hig becas transito Tis
in condo at.
"Now, nn clap und e pude,
105 pts oda ing elk ple
cunt ges up um 000 10 001. Le.
ici cemented by 0 dg. Sine Q,
Rete (al 4% cal cra lm,
ie aed ter
A
(non | sours
[la cs Zohan
En EU 200 ms
Dci! Code ne
I Eee ei
Pets
Wren
[rum Liu
LOKESH KUMATH
rut o smart ap ich, in
orporatin certain nique fn.
tars i rescaled here. I otr
come the serconings sb in or
‘aa dap vices, Te folowing pe
al atures, which you woul nt have
bre in aber clap schen, an in.
ned de
(al compri ut clap evt ie
‘operates aly when you ela fr mos
to natch on a deren. Simdery, fe
‘thing the device, ju ar eed
{© again dap feu ines
(6 The ping sald sœur within
an Interval f abut 38 sends her
ie the cap eich stas wil remain
neha
na npl cap oni the conecte
ee is sited un by a singe lop
{ween adap and a sand produced won
2 meule oje falls tothe ground ot
Simply the sound of «shouting pron
‘Thi ie à commen problem in clap
cen
The rtf he ma ela ie,
this prble completely eliminated
‘Ths il a be fled ay sp
ou sound, nding the en produced
then a dcr i strongly tang Ti ean
o wel andara om e making of
the cit explained Els,
NOV AC covetd int 1 replated
DO ep une 1501518 seondar.
PR]
compact Ser CMOS Osa used in
(he el, pomor cnsmptin qui
law andthe co eon fh rt
ig abou SAV
Restor RI bases te inser mi
crepe ad the otal als (on.
Vente from sound waves) are fe to
Tair sage NI wih high Input imp.
nc The ig ren sigas re
passed to oun y shunting te m
repo with apache CI. The mi out
ul lo o à preamplifier sage bil
Se
sound opamp N2 The gin of pep
fersiageis 8.
Toe net stage comprising copar
(andre RS onto pans
ler wih ete frequen nt 3.
‘The ier aid fle atin of
the eich by spurious Towfequeney
(Wunde auch a hse prided by fan,
motor, and ter aise Alt
this pri may pu beauty
sonal because me ao wing a ded
und provide inal sy
"Te High pas Mur ago i flowed
by an amplifier tage anund opamp NO
a gm of 2. Tha, he oral ain
ib opamp N2 and NO about 150,
eh gute agate
‘Te neat stage formol sing opamp
IN is a compara, The referee va
ge connected othe Sveti terminal
the cmpaator can be varia, Im
‘Shut 02V to aout BV hy aig pre
ft VEL. Thos, the entry to lap
‘ound canbe ot y pect VRL The rod
LED D gives an dati thatthe cap
al as hen detected
Ut: 106 (NESSS) xed à
most, ple with of 20 ms,
Pa teen add at EFY ab during the
course of sting, to ima he eet
uke pulses generated a he ete
of eomparto Nt even wih single
EN
"The main conto! section i formed
sound ICS (74182 or CIS, which
13 Ai apédomn presctabl decade
unter, 74CIR2CD 4008 8 CMOS er
‘oof 74192. Hore, one cn even we
TUCISSCDADI, a Lt pn ary
contr sine counting up o decimal it
‘nly i nod. The ato mention
Dem of ni]
rg root
Be
Te rel er
‘fee renin
a)
106 ar pinto pin compatible
"The oer Cx wed te cnt se
tim are 1 (lJ ipo) and CA
(88568 timer, sure as mono
pop) When power app tothe
ri, IC, ICA, and 105 re run hy
Semen rest ces compila ap
Vars enbinatons of 149, O
IS and CISRZ rot, Ths al
auge (Q, 09) are lg eo
once, all the ral nad inputs (A
thragh D) CCS ao als at ge en,
‘Too @ outputs of C3 ae wie ta Y
ouput ar hig The CLA inp of 103
Ie ini hig becas transito Tis
in condo at.
"Now, nn clap und e pude,
105 pts oda ing elk ple
cunt ges up um 000 10 001. Le.
ici cemented by 0 dg. Sine Q,
Rete (al 4% cal cra lm,
ie aed ter
A
(non | sours
[la cs Zohan
En EU 200 ms
Dci! Code ne
I Eee ei
Pets
Wren
[rum Liu
poston toto
‘ak acta a
a ok (CLKD)
fer fit ec
di Ara re
sat Q of the
108 gu tow o
trigger ICh,
whieh prados
à pa about
Bco durs
Ge ats outa
pin 3, The out
put CA lo
Verid by tran
ee Th, wich
Tode The pa
ale count,
land depende
on mamber |
incon, which
gain depends
‘nthe ember |
laps produced
rin te oe
paris. Table 1
‘Bows ett
a parallel in.
sof C5 and
The sata
lay BLE te
dei conned
via the erally
‘uly
"Tet lap
activate the
remota fp
Mop Ice
der fm Table
That in ar
her dupe cer
win 36 ee
onde o the int
e]
input CS be
came 4009 be.
Fig: Soke gran of aman ap och
‘ak acta a
a ok (CLKD)
fer fit ec
di Ara re
sat Q of the
108 gu tow o
trigger ICh,
whieh prados
à pa about
Bco durs
Ge ats outa
pin 3, The out
put CA lo
Verid by tran
ee Th, wich
Tode The pa
ale count,
land depende
on mamber |
incon, which
gain depends
‘nthe ember |
laps produced
rin te oe
paris. Table 1
‘Bows ett
a parallel in.
sof C5 and
The sata
lay BLE te
dei conned
via the erally
‘uly
"Tet lap
activate the
remota fp
Mop Ice
der fm Table
That in ar
her dupe cer
win 36 ee
onde o the int
e]
input CS be
came 4009 be.
Fig: Soke gran of aman ap och
www.electronicsforu.com
ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINE
JUNOMON ABRAHAM.
onda estr sin mas
ines are being usd efi.
"The codec d the voter io
‘tsetse working gradual balling
up nd thc machine are thas bee
og gute popular thoughout the cun.
tay. Pease ote thatthe design hing
resented here isnt intended o semi
{hat ofen wing machines wed
ty the Becton Omnia. ey re
blanc end betwee the Evo
de tal unintended) Futures ofthe
cri vin machines nde avi
Sno of nv we and ration of
nk Une ad o cnt enn
‘dtr inured en manponer dle
Hardware description
The voingnachine deat being dect
re designed aan Inte sie 0
marco has wo mia unite
"O sal nd prcsng un, ad
estr and dpa wit
Keytar and play aro intro
through ora purse programmable
‘peel inte (PPI IC 255. The
sem mentor programs are sore in
{732 EPROM RAN GLI sd fer stor
ins counts nd partion a ao sed
sink 10 ALAN sal De atc)
de sed fr segregating the over oder
‘dress bit frm multiples are!
abus 088 Two the ihe rer
‘ear decae Ay TALSIB guette
hi select signal fo 14 tr I.
‘The addea/saree range kr each de
‘ei son Tabo Pls ne dat
(rng 10 redire ntact oP
Adres Map of Devos Used
a Po Pe
ls Gone pet
(ar
7
065, the it dr und i plate
‘alone AD ADT u mola gr AS.
AIG res bu
"The aytem run with cack fe.
use 170 Me (eal the eal
Cect rquecy of 348 MI, Auto
ost feliz inoperated in thi e
{em fr ao crap a count dar
ing itrapion in power sup. This in
shoved by ing the Ichi property
GE SCR. À bate backup Ge. Y UMD
yv) a provide a RAM chip rain
at ama
‘Te control and roms ui com
ses Uw SSS mirprcs, memory
{EPROM and RAM, and sme unten
its To get an verve ofthe a
Ing machin, we dal start withthe ex
‘Hanan of he fono whe.
‘Start mich (SA Wien the cei.
sing power cit iin rst state
oetothauto rest iy yea wantio
ia the sytem, pres the ar ht
{in Thi cases the SCR wo send and
{ake BS pin 6 8085 oo Ar
‘elt 8085 micropcsar omas:
(he In ste migrer wl
Sorte he beto pram (arüng at
tire 0008
"Clear switch (889. This switch i
wed fer Gearing the provi cunt in
menor, When pressed the RSE 83 in:
{erupt stating at cation WACH ise
rate. Her the vcar (ICD pointing
lo bebo larg the memory
contenta tre.
Display sith (550), Mis sich
taten RST 7.3 interrupt location
CH) conti ver rescato
"lay routine ue fr dpi the
conta devotos pall by ny end
na Irene want ose ie count af
‘specie candidate, ‘ply switch ie
rowed Et, flowed bythe depron
She ei o the apar laid to
tho specie candidate.
Count mel (SSD. This sich ae.
rate RST trop cto ISA,
containing the jump adres 0086 far
Sant mbr) Er cin the mi
pesar to cet sl one oe fr
candidate, by deprening the keyboard
‘Sch lato that date
Tenet atch (S49), I any mln
thing oben ring th operation
the ang mach, the RESET switch
‘abe ud tosh down the an
"Tis ing machine has the copa
iy 1 handle up to 48 candidates. Bach
‘itch on the estad reprsenis ene
‘Spot candidat. 1 ae dos nt ed
A the 48 switches, onl the required
amber a eis ned tbe wired. The
ema Loteries tn dedos
‘ey wi. In ho uni, LED Di is sed
to inca tot e system is ready fr
ping the net oe) ee.
She power, using wich
2 Pret Wart btn
3. À etwaretaed seur stare
‘ns Dn aed in hs cute wich ro
us oe to ener the poor diga
oie il 345% meal crn fl,
o
ee ee
ene ita
im: EE
[a
Sn goma
a
ST sat oy
Ree fara
E
sense E cerdo
JUNOMON ABRAHAM.
onda estr sin mas
ines are being usd efi.
"The codec d the voter io
‘tsetse working gradual balling
up nd thc machine are thas bee
og gute popular thoughout the cun.
tay. Pease ote thatthe design hing
resented here isnt intended o semi
{hat ofen wing machines wed
ty the Becton Omnia. ey re
blanc end betwee the Evo
de tal unintended) Futures ofthe
cri vin machines nde avi
Sno of nv we and ration of
nk Une ad o cnt enn
‘dtr inured en manponer dle
Hardware description
The voingnachine deat being dect
re designed aan Inte sie 0
marco has wo mia unite
"O sal nd prcsng un, ad
estr and dpa wit
Keytar and play aro intro
through ora purse programmable
‘peel inte (PPI IC 255. The
sem mentor programs are sore in
{732 EPROM RAN GLI sd fer stor
ins counts nd partion a ao sed
sink 10 ALAN sal De atc)
de sed fr segregating the over oder
‘dress bit frm multiples are!
abus 088 Two the ihe rer
‘ear decae Ay TALSIB guette
hi select signal fo 14 tr I.
‘The addea/saree range kr each de
‘ei son Tabo Pls ne dat
(rng 10 redire ntact oP
Adres Map of Devos Used
a Po Pe
ls Gone pet
(ar
7
065, the it dr und i plate
‘alone AD ADT u mola gr AS.
AIG res bu
"The aytem run with cack fe.
use 170 Me (eal the eal
Cect rquecy of 348 MI, Auto
ost feliz inoperated in thi e
{em fr ao crap a count dar
ing itrapion in power sup. This in
shoved by ing the Ichi property
GE SCR. À bate backup Ge. Y UMD
yv) a provide a RAM chip rain
at ama
‘Te control and roms ui com
ses Uw SSS mirprcs, memory
{EPROM and RAM, and sme unten
its To get an verve ofthe a
Ing machin, we dal start withthe ex
‘Hanan of he fono whe.
‘Start mich (SA Wien the cei.
sing power cit iin rst state
oetothauto rest iy yea wantio
ia the sytem, pres the ar ht
{in Thi cases the SCR wo send and
{ake BS pin 6 8085 oo Ar
‘elt 8085 micropcsar omas:
(he In ste migrer wl
Sorte he beto pram (arüng at
tire 0008
"Clear switch (889. This switch i
wed fer Gearing the provi cunt in
menor, When pressed the RSE 83 in:
{erupt stating at cation WACH ise
rate. Her the vcar (ICD pointing
lo bebo larg the memory
contenta tre.
Display sith (550), Mis sich
taten RST 7.3 interrupt location
CH) conti ver rescato
"lay routine ue fr dpi the
conta devotos pall by ny end
na Irene want ose ie count af
‘specie candidate, ‘ply switch ie
rowed Et, flowed bythe depron
She ei o the apar laid to
tho specie candidate.
Count mel (SSD. This sich ae.
rate RST trop cto ISA,
containing the jump adres 0086 far
Sant mbr) Er cin the mi
pesar to cet sl one oe fr
candidate, by deprening the keyboard
‘Sch lato that date
Tenet atch (S49), I any mln
thing oben ring th operation
the ang mach, the RESET switch
‘abe ud tosh down the an
"Tis ing machine has the copa
iy 1 handle up to 48 candidates. Bach
‘itch on the estad reprsenis ene
‘Spot candidat. 1 ae dos nt ed
A the 48 switches, onl the required
amber a eis ned tbe wired. The
ema Loteries tn dedos
‘ey wi. In ho uni, LED Di is sed
to inca tot e system is ready fr
ping the net oe) ee.
She power, using wich
2 Pret Wart btn
3. À etwaretaed seur stare
‘ns Dn aed in hs cute wich ro
us oe to ener the poor diga
oie il 345% meal crn fl,
o
ee ee
ene ita
im: EE
[a
Sn goma
a
ST sat oy
Ree fara
E
sense E cerdo
erste)
7. Naw, the te can
cat hier vote y ree
ing the oppor key.
oar switch alado
the candidate of ier
Choke. The plane à
the vto by te sytem
acknowledged by a beep
‘ound e wal as de de
play the ayudo
the ply and o nd
tno LD D.
"Steps and 7 have
be rept fr ating
frat wt
8. Fe count of any
particular candidate
fetes (out i eee to
be diplayd, pes is
pla rich an then he
Fitch euresondig lo
the specie caia on
the haba
10 Reet ie arte.
Shieh ren
Software description
Toe vien programs are
ere inthe EPROM. The
tot sere à did
ist ee mls nad,
Booking, dll, ering
memory, counting, and
peral
The operan of ech
modal can easy bo un-
Std with ference lo
‘he fret.
Booting. This mole
ina tack por
Fp E lw ra varus sobre rg 8266 PPI, verifies the
used ered vin he
can be changed by ajuting ume vales | play of aya a de ding of | er, and nals tbe ru
{nthe seem svar) Al rs, ly | LED DA woul mean that the system a | Display. Th modal mes entr.
reg paso i used, the pus. | ready fr aking ae vo (Pee | opt are sbruine a RST 7, Tis
teed digits entered vi head equal | that’ Ihe count switeh ie placed | à med fr dling the ut (rts)
‘he pasword edn he EPROM, LED | under the conte of electoral sta so | pled uch af the candidats
a glows to pve ates or paran f | tht i ct withthe et othe | Clearing memo. This dl iin
the mai ‘eter bt ling hier to ast hi | editeur ST
{CTF the entered pasword i incor [SS und tocear the count menor,
ec pro RESET bution (4) and ro FRET ‘Counting. Tis modulo u o m
‘ad agai fen de Entre. Sr Mir Mao liar no || Loop re surtt RST 65. It a
5. Car the reis conten of ont | ESOT Rar | ic the irre to pt oly
memory by pressing ‘dear bation (852). | Fra a ame ee IF he ct of any dto
irc menor died y sym: | [om EA ‘cede 100, vil prod cn:
adi diy ls rss ‘oe be mund and delay“ and hen
6. Now pros ansich 1. The | LOBE. Dur ‘onward he em wll nt be ready fr
7. Naw, the te can
cat hier vote y ree
ing the oppor key.
oar switch alado
the candidate of ier
Choke. The plane à
the vto by te sytem
acknowledged by a beep
‘ound e wal as de de
play the ayudo
the ply and o nd
tno LD D.
"Steps and 7 have
be rept fr ating
frat wt
8. Fe count of any
particular candidate
fetes (out i eee to
be diplayd, pes is
pla rich an then he
Fitch euresondig lo
the specie caia on
the haba
10 Reet ie arte.
Shieh ren
Software description
Toe vien programs are
ere inthe EPROM. The
tot sere à did
ist ee mls nad,
Booking, dll, ering
memory, counting, and
peral
The operan of ech
modal can easy bo un-
Std with ference lo
‘he fret.
Booting. This mole
ina tack por
Fp E lw ra varus sobre rg 8266 PPI, verifies the
used ered vin he
can be changed by ajuting ume vales | play of aya a de ding of | er, and nals tbe ru
{nthe seem svar) Al rs, ly | LED DA woul mean that the system a | Display. Th modal mes entr.
reg paso i used, the pus. | ready fr aking ae vo (Pee | opt are sbruine a RST 7, Tis
teed digits entered vi head equal | that’ Ihe count switeh ie placed | à med fr dling the ut (rts)
‘he pasword edn he EPROM, LED | under the conte of electoral sta so | pled uch af the candidats
a glows to pve ates or paran f | tht i ct withthe et othe | Clearing memo. This dl iin
the mai ‘eter bt ling hier to ast hi | editeur ST
{CTF the entered pasword i incor [SS und tocear the count menor,
ec pro RESET bution (4) and ro FRET ‘Counting. Tis modulo u o m
‘ad agai fen de Entre. Sr Mir Mao liar no || Loop re surtt RST 65. It a
5. Car the reis conten of ont | ESOT Rar | ic the irre to pt oly
memory by pressing ‘dear bation (852). | Fra a ame ee IF he ct of any dto
irc menor died y sym: | [om EA ‘cede 100, vil prod cn:
adi diy ls rss ‘oe be mund and delay“ and hen
6. Now pros ansich 1. The | LOBE. Dur ‘onward he em wll nt be ready fr
. tae pp
stage vto. Than themes | Le a sei of eve dig. Te par
‘um ater vts that canbe rp. | werd shal be ded bre burning the
tered agin any one unido sald | progra inte EPROM. Pavon check
Im xo 99 This the mia | ingl pere during een bot
the present dsg. ing mogrum For ntering the pasword,
Rocard. Tis male i wed for | th same Rest mites ao wed nt
checking ay cure and generating the | bres repeat pce candle.
‘nay alo responding to the closed | For he sting of pasen (PW) the
sich length of PW can fit and then tie
ded ine ter € sig traction
Password sacarty NVI À Teng in the sting pegan.
The die of pasmon ae seed in
‘Thi tig machine has a pasword op- | mem ations OSH to OOFFI Bach
‘on. The engthethe pasword mt | ofthe PW dg chen st be li
Ati Oye Mn mt
bm pen
E EE ares,
BEE, eta tengo
@ BR. Hi, Dane
ine hie Gane
ge pg rm
BE Baw io siesta apne
A ee
ir SECS UC ri net tr
‘ees de D D)
en gu Her
RES pti vr fr menor eco rein)
D Go E tement ce
encuanto SERGENT
RS 8. (mans vcr for count brome)
ot a or
S85 Ense MF COUNT Jy er ene
ST AS Day mine
SR eso Enorme sr
(ost MES MMAIE Land ds br rip
Fe MUN dels te ceso
ne Sted
plod by 4 and coveted ito hx erat,
and den stored in ensure menor
Tests starting fom OO, Fer ex
amp the PW is, 48, length à
Tode as in oie Cad he data is
ano:
a
fr Sie Eee!
or fm meme ns §
An nat, ingested PCB for
{he cu sown in Fig 1 gen in
Fig nee upon pat en
ine
se get Mats ome
E ee
= mE
Ei et
5 min
vos MOF AB
5 Soin
= 3825
gs ct
222525229 9580882 O
a
i, pt
E onan
Loan mars
ET
D eter
De Soares
EE
GUTS” ere too
ER
dto
‘um ater vts that canbe rp. | werd shal be ded bre burning the
tered agin any one unido sald | progra inte EPROM. Pavon check
Im xo 99 This the mia | ingl pere during een bot
the present dsg. ing mogrum For ntering the pasword,
Rocard. Tis male i wed for | th same Rest mites ao wed nt
checking ay cure and generating the | bres repeat pce candle.
‘nay alo responding to the closed | For he sting of pasen (PW) the
sich length of PW can fit and then tie
ded ine ter € sig traction
Password sacarty NVI À Teng in the sting pegan.
The die of pasmon ae seed in
‘Thi tig machine has a pasword op- | mem ations OSH to OOFFI Bach
‘on. The engthethe pasword mt | ofthe PW dg chen st be li
Ati Oye Mn mt
bm pen
E EE ares,
BEE, eta tengo
@ BR. Hi, Dane
ine hie Gane
ge pg rm
BE Baw io siesta apne
A ee
ir SECS UC ri net tr
‘ees de D D)
en gu Her
RES pti vr fr menor eco rein)
D Go E tement ce
encuanto SERGENT
RS 8. (mans vcr for count brome)
ot a or
S85 Ense MF COUNT Jy er ene
ST AS Day mine
SR eso Enorme sr
(ost MES MMAIE Land ds br rip
Fe MUN dels te ceso
ne Sted
plod by 4 and coveted ito hx erat,
and den stored in ensure menor
Tests starting fom OO, Fer ex
amp the PW is, 48, length à
Tode as in oie Cad he data is
ano:
a
fr Sie Eee!
or fm meme ns §
An nat, ingested PCB for
{he cu sown in Fig 1 gen in
Fig nee upon pat en
ine
se get Mats ome
E ee
= mE
Ei et
5 min
vos MOF AB
5 Soin
= 3825
gs ct
222525229 9580882 O
a
i, pt
E onan
Loan mars
ET
D eter
De Soares
EE
GUTS” ere too
ER
dto
GREG SSEGEEES 8893853 EEE EEE
Sonaraueriom
a portal dedicated to electronics enthusiasts
Sonaraueriom
a portal dedicated to electronics enthusiasts
CIRCUIT IDEAS
WATER-TANK LEVEL METER ¿>
casera intact se
he watertank ore meter de.
‘sexed hero is very simple and
fl far moni the water
eatin an ever tank HT, The wa.
ter eal em intra is motor
nd eotnuoly indie by LED er
‘ange in a meer mat When al the
bar a ine that the OT à
ep When the wate vel races he
it th we LED ter bein fo
th
The ght a which the een
ecroes ar fied i ajusta, Thus
‘he minimo and mas el tings
maybe var at eed The ange ofthe
mer can lo
able materi cn be abit o
‘met ons om see equienent
The commun ground velrence
Anode isan alii code Io
ter ame and mie ln, tc.
fort te dep read La. In
ng pacer rings "Y (ln length,
of wppe brass rip Gm wid sd
Am Oe) which ae shaped into rags
hat can tly lp ever the pie.
The end of hse srg are ed fly
td med int salero SL to S10 and
86, The wall mouting brad, made of
‘Shiai scan re rend ety
o at to sual pcs, The eset
able WC ie re dered to olor
then und seme cuy coment sped
ound tens and ast aid sr
io by wate. Te conten ground re.
oe wir SC an fm tag T- Te
tat dida! wire fom SL to S10
SG ar et and mated in tng fr
‘ot aos eer nde of he cable
re sonne tthe PCB terminal pits
5110510 and SG respec. No spe
ato ground ne
“The ctra pon is simple and
straighfrvard, long pee leon
as al te parta lg Ube power
ply etn, Fe cay installation the
LEDs ean be st tthe tak eo the
be enlarged t
pea
No special
er at
cd. CMOS
ie ae md
Hi the de
‘tna ee
‘Even when
all the LEDs
ter reaches the
top level, he
demand onthe
Dome sup is
ana lo.
Far bee
tremely iin
Fine Set
Inverter gates
des De in.
patcurent od [2-8
Ts minnie | v= bes RASS
the ero of
dde
The prin
pal part ft
Grete
cta - wa) = coaoeo.
12 7 Ne C0000
WATER-TANK LEVEL METER ¿>
casera intact se
he watertank ore meter de.
‘sexed hero is very simple and
fl far moni the water
eatin an ever tank HT, The wa.
ter eal em intra is motor
nd eotnuoly indie by LED er
‘ange in a meer mat When al the
bar a ine that the OT à
ep When the wate vel races he
it th we LED ter bein fo
th
The ght a which the een
ecroes ar fied i ajusta, Thus
‘he minimo and mas el tings
maybe var at eed The ange ofthe
mer can lo
able materi cn be abit o
‘met ons om see equienent
The commun ground velrence
Anode isan alii code Io
ter ame and mie ln, tc.
fort te dep read La. In
ng pacer rings "Y (ln length,
of wppe brass rip Gm wid sd
Am Oe) which ae shaped into rags
hat can tly lp ever the pie.
The end of hse srg are ed fly
td med int salero SL to S10 and
86, The wall mouting brad, made of
‘Shiai scan re rend ety
o at to sual pcs, The eset
able WC ie re dered to olor
then und seme cuy coment sped
ound tens and ast aid sr
io by wate. Te conten ground re.
oe wir SC an fm tag T- Te
tat dida! wire fom SL to S10
SG ar et and mated in tng fr
‘ot aos eer nde of he cable
re sonne tthe PCB terminal pits
5110510 and SG respec. No spe
ato ground ne
“The ctra pon is simple and
straighfrvard, long pee leon
as al te parta lg Ube power
ply etn, Fe cay installation the
LEDs ean be st tthe tak eo the
be enlarged t
pea
No special
er at
cd. CMOS
ie ae md
Hi the de
‘tna ee
‘Even when
all the LEDs
ter reaches the
top level, he
demand onthe
Dome sup is
ana lo.
Far bee
tremely iin
Fine Set
Inverter gates
des De in.
patcurent od [2-8
Ts minnie | v= bes RASS
the ero of
dde
The prin
pal part ft
Grete
cta - wa) = coaoeo.
12 7 Ne C0000
ard singin, so tat hy may
past though he tet inte et
patel ofthe esse fm isd
The wae level at Ske intervals a
mate companies, Qu
{ng the apt be encred inverters
(Garay ple igh ie rosters Rt
lech RIO) ogo oa sons water
reaches the reece senor
‘On inal witching an le power
apt, wen he tank empty, all he
des ae open. A rest all he
Inverter puta ae ig i e pull
air Ro RI) ad thi att ae
“ind Ths al he LEDs ar, As
Soon sth water arte Sing te tak,
{he ring water fel grounds the fet
cue, The age output fit ivre
fe NI caus educ of wane
{7 toeend ground tae ideo ree
as RIA roh RES via mitral | coi
tur pth a tota T2 The LED DI is | “The nove tae of his cies that
rl up. whenever he mater bow the it
‘Sir, other LEDs tum ‘nue | one, al the LEDs are and ie que
sil the water er. As won | eset current is ey how, Ts, power
vo aten OMT roaches the top ll, | eo sith amo m senal Even
‘he ct ef gate NO peso ge Land | when he LED amoo lon the ur
cases Mashing'ype LED DIL o start | ret drawn fom the power sup ent
{acing At the same tine, trans | mere han 120 mA À eink may. owe
cordura and cl aerate | er be ed fr rancor T, th tank
rois with LED DATs ash ate, o | Wespeteltrmal il st lo tie
found the se transito T during | A per supply uit proving une
dut of trance TL, A rea, | ltd V DC 15V DC at ODA caret
rate 1 le start ctig of dur. | adequate
ing conduction lanar Tl to make | _ Cain. A pitt be ced i that
the LED meter (comprising LEDs DI | water tends tack na eps
rh DIO) ach and thus war that | atthe senrorepacer junction and ca
heat as rachel U up level When | cause a fe rang onthe LED meter
‘the water level ges dawn, the reverse | This canbe and i the spacers re
apps and ch LED turned ac. | mado vie an 10 mm,
Land o aber component. Tran
tor TE wens as a comteneniter RP
PHONE BROADCASTER => ="
Se
ANJAN NANDI
a that he det ders Ka power
‘eal teste lene ness
‘has acido use of y ermal try
ober power sap. Ths no
‘late, wih rnin 72 serving as
An een ‘aa eich, Te a
The switching vaa of the crit de. | signal vale es tlphoo ies
‘end on ane Beko vage er | automatically modulates ltr fe
DAV) and eviehingvage othe ran. | quency in tante 2 along wih
toe TG Tha, i we as poet | sere basing roc RS, Th modulated
‘to got ovr 247 vol, lene | RP gal dto o antena, Th to
‘he sen 1 rado nd tus T | pa convertion can be hard un an
oconduct Ava rea octo rane | FL receiver remote when ii und lo
{ar TU wel get pled tordo negative | FM tran roc
‘ply, cat al rancor TAL thie | Lab Note Daring being of the cin
aly san à La of ce but ae |
‘money. I sues very Jon car
eat Fos telephone Tins vio
starting ite performance. Te |
eut i very tiny and can be
heit weing a ingle O te
erben tht cn Be esl fied
Inde telephone conection bn
Alem.
The dat oi of tr ae
ins, nam, automate omic
‘cin and FM nee tin
tomate etching section
compres mastrs pes
VR random aná T2, nner DE,
and ide DL Resor along pr
Ses VRL moria vage dir. When
lag ers tb leone ine is 48
DC; Ab ag avala at wiper a pr.
st VR range an SA (aja)
stage if 308 the handset ofthe le [eit wos oem thatthe iphone
fone to ne vage dope bon IV | ad wer ging an engage lone
fd Wasser TI cu aE As au, | hen dale by any suberber Add
{want 2 quis forward asd trough | Hin of reir RS and captor C8 was
erator 2 prides DC path farran | fand mere for rf of the
‘Str TS wel in the lowing FM rana. | ful
past though he tet inte et
patel ofthe esse fm isd
The wae level at Ske intervals a
mate companies, Qu
{ng the apt be encred inverters
(Garay ple igh ie rosters Rt
lech RIO) ogo oa sons water
reaches the reece senor
‘On inal witching an le power
apt, wen he tank empty, all he
des ae open. A rest all he
Inverter puta ae ig i e pull
air Ro RI) ad thi att ae
“ind Ths al he LEDs ar, As
Soon sth water arte Sing te tak,
{he ring water fel grounds the fet
cue, The age output fit ivre
fe NI caus educ of wane
{7 toeend ground tae ideo ree
as RIA roh RES via mitral | coi
tur pth a tota T2 The LED DI is | “The nove tae of his cies that
rl up. whenever he mater bow the it
‘Sir, other LEDs tum ‘nue | one, al the LEDs are and ie que
sil the water er. As won | eset current is ey how, Ts, power
vo aten OMT roaches the top ll, | eo sith amo m senal Even
‘he ct ef gate NO peso ge Land | when he LED amoo lon the ur
cases Mashing'ype LED DIL o start | ret drawn fom the power sup ent
{acing At the same tine, trans | mere han 120 mA À eink may. owe
cordura and cl aerate | er be ed fr rancor T, th tank
rois with LED DATs ash ate, o | Wespeteltrmal il st lo tie
found the se transito T during | A per supply uit proving une
dut of trance TL, A rea, | ltd V DC 15V DC at ODA caret
rate 1 le start ctig of dur. | adequate
ing conduction lanar Tl to make | _ Cain. A pitt be ced i that
the LED meter (comprising LEDs DI | water tends tack na eps
rh DIO) ach and thus war that | atthe senrorepacer junction and ca
heat as rachel U up level When | cause a fe rang onthe LED meter
‘the water level ges dawn, the reverse | This canbe and i the spacers re
apps and ch LED turned ac. | mado vie an 10 mm,
Land o aber component. Tran
tor TE wens as a comteneniter RP
PHONE BROADCASTER => ="
Se
ANJAN NANDI
a that he det ders Ka power
‘eal teste lene ness
‘has acido use of y ermal try
ober power sap. Ths no
‘late, wih rnin 72 serving as
An een ‘aa eich, Te a
The switching vaa of the crit de. | signal vale es tlphoo ies
‘end on ane Beko vage er | automatically modulates ltr fe
DAV) and eviehingvage othe ran. | quency in tante 2 along wih
toe TG Tha, i we as poet | sere basing roc RS, Th modulated
‘to got ovr 247 vol, lene | RP gal dto o antena, Th to
‘he sen 1 rado nd tus T | pa convertion can be hard un an
oconduct Ava rea octo rane | FL receiver remote when ii und lo
{ar TU wel get pled tordo negative | FM tran roc
‘ply, cat al rancor TAL thie | Lab Note Daring being of the cin
aly san à La of ce but ae |
‘money. I sues very Jon car
eat Fos telephone Tins vio
starting ite performance. Te |
eut i very tiny and can be
heit weing a ingle O te
erben tht cn Be esl fied
Inde telephone conection bn
Alem.
The dat oi of tr ae
ins, nam, automate omic
‘cin and FM nee tin
tomate etching section
compres mastrs pes
VR random aná T2, nner DE,
and ide DL Resor along pr
Ses VRL moria vage dir. When
lag ers tb leone ine is 48
DC; Ab ag avala at wiper a pr.
st VR range an SA (aja)
stage if 308 the handset ofthe le [eit wos oem thatthe iphone
fone to ne vage dope bon IV | ad wer ging an engage lone
fd Wasser TI cu aE As au, | hen dale by any suberber Add
{want 2 quis forward asd trough | Hin of reir RS and captor C8 was
erator 2 prides DC path farran | fand mere for rf of the
‘Str TS wel in the lowing FM rana. | ful
TELEPHONE CALL METER USING
CALCULATOR AND COB >
ey
IK. UDHAYA KUMARAN, VUSGTH
‘oniunton with a COB (hipon- | beide, comprising diodos DI to DI, a
Board) tem ain IH dock pales. These dock
ak, 6 wed to make a tlhe cl | ple ar apli to the base fand
fier Thea enable tavern | fr TL, The elt and enter of ta
A STDISD alls a loa ell equivalents | o ar sonnet an alter
ná alvays displays eurent ea eal | ternal,
mer reine
[sss in | minal A and B are combined sing a
vel he fre nomena scaring to
Pls ate o ne el shoul alway be
Freud bre ring to ele
Poe making lin pul ae 4, aid
rich ST pue a rs) and
pros alto but inthe fling
Are I O28, Her, À ie aad
Count, and 025 ie PRE. Now clear
plays 102. Thi ell meter nom
realy to cunt. Now mal the eal, und
‘ona the al mares, immediatly
lide switch Sito (tar tadoy ps
‘en The COB sats gering ck
pes o 1 He. Tranter TI conducta
cs ever snd, and ths button in
Callao rate elton nee
ny second. The calultor display
ari om 135, advancing very ned
fle
Tei singe and greens a | o
ant ith aer operó. || BE
Jess ey or creat and fal || ET) usermeuo
Satter operate The ater usd last 1
Ben haayer. ú
Taner evap of wg ac 4
ati cp wh ay o
{pave rte oma e. pale ein ||
Whole number, or whole number with
‘cima value Roc. o tales de
partment neun change in pls to
Frnt whith ned pul ate il
mer pus decal vl. In such à baer
a hi rat proves very handy.
"ocn STDISD sto be al, | The number of pulses forming an
this crit neds acute 1H clock | equivalen cal may be determine fo
pal, ener ty ek COB This COB | the tet tegen decry. Homer,
1 und iio ange quart val dc | the pulso ate (PR) und inthe irn,
meri mean 1 cont of | carte ud ely is rt Pr
16, ip eapactrs, and ental that en | eompatty with the cre, te pale
‘an etic fom serap quarts clock | rae apple apart plc:
technisms. These can be pursed | tance, based en mo of he danas,
from wtehrepiing shops fr Is in | enverted to paie rate equivalent
Dey (ORE sing he oma PRE = UPR
‘Normally, the COB inside cack | "You may prepare a loka tal or
chain ein pd odin. How: | aus gle rates and er equate
ir for using the COB, pease chock | (ee Tale. Suppose you are gang a
ds serca by applsing LSV DO | make an STD cal in pe rate 4 Note
‘cre terminal © and D, salvo in| dr om be tae the ue mt qi
the figure Then he DC ag ars | lent i ule ate & whith 025, Pose
terminal A aod B; thse torn in a | ne Ua on tar ofan tbe le:
deck ar cancel 1 ea I Ue COB | bone ext, change cl ter
{sin pod end, de multimetr needle | met advances to oe eal and it
ou dao forward ad basar once
‘ery nd Inc, OH deck is an
Mest termina Atod B with a pue | [Pla 0 2 25 9 6
128,15, 1.15, 200, 226, 250, and
ter fisting the cal, immediately
sd ich St lf postion (pe st
Pasion) and pote dove the le all
Inter rang the later dpa.
[ccna valo i moe than or equal >
09, add anther al othe ve num
Ber eal If deal velos i ee than
8, get cal vale nd ne owe
aly whe number
"To mee thie ral al meter rang
into callar memory, prs A be
an Nor la al metr ring is tod
in money and elt the pra
ed ll meter rei, Por emir
(play ol cuen heal cal meter rad
ine ro MRC baten and se itch
Soon tarsandy poston The ur
ina of 90. The arantage a ang | [Pas ie
thi COB is thot war en LV DO | [CRE _ 040 040 0583 ax aus ans nos am oat am our au
"Th ck pus aaa fo tr | [erica ic
[tee FR owe up tie eal ps I pei om my ew oe
CALCULATOR AND COB >
ey
IK. UDHAYA KUMARAN, VUSGTH
‘oniunton with a COB (hipon- | beide, comprising diodos DI to DI, a
Board) tem ain IH dock pales. These dock
ak, 6 wed to make a tlhe cl | ple ar apli to the base fand
fier Thea enable tavern | fr TL, The elt and enter of ta
A STDISD alls a loa ell equivalents | o ar sonnet an alter
ná alvays displays eurent ea eal | ternal,
mer reine
[sss in | minal A and B are combined sing a
vel he fre nomena scaring to
Pls ate o ne el shoul alway be
Freud bre ring to ele
Poe making lin pul ae 4, aid
rich ST pue a rs) and
pros alto but inthe fling
Are I O28, Her, À ie aad
Count, and 025 ie PRE. Now clear
plays 102. Thi ell meter nom
realy to cunt. Now mal the eal, und
‘ona the al mares, immediatly
lide switch Sito (tar tadoy ps
‘en The COB sats gering ck
pes o 1 He. Tranter TI conducta
cs ever snd, and ths button in
Callao rate elton nee
ny second. The calultor display
ari om 135, advancing very ned
fle
Tei singe and greens a | o
ant ith aer operó. || BE
Jess ey or creat and fal || ET) usermeuo
Satter operate The ater usd last 1
Ben haayer. ú
Taner evap of wg ac 4
ati cp wh ay o
{pave rte oma e. pale ein ||
Whole number, or whole number with
‘cima value Roc. o tales de
partment neun change in pls to
Frnt whith ned pul ate il
mer pus decal vl. In such à baer
a hi rat proves very handy.
"ocn STDISD sto be al, | The number of pulses forming an
this crit neds acute 1H clock | equivalen cal may be determine fo
pal, ener ty ek COB This COB | the tet tegen decry. Homer,
1 und iio ange quart val dc | the pulso ate (PR) und inthe irn,
meri mean 1 cont of | carte ud ely is rt Pr
16, ip eapactrs, and ental that en | eompatty with the cre, te pale
‘an etic fom serap quarts clock | rae apple apart plc:
technisms. These can be pursed | tance, based en mo of he danas,
from wtehrepiing shops fr Is in | enverted to paie rate equivalent
Dey (ORE sing he oma PRE = UPR
‘Normally, the COB inside cack | "You may prepare a loka tal or
chain ein pd odin. How: | aus gle rates and er equate
ir for using the COB, pease chock | (ee Tale. Suppose you are gang a
ds serca by applsing LSV DO | make an STD cal in pe rate 4 Note
‘cre terminal © and D, salvo in| dr om be tae the ue mt qi
the figure Then he DC ag ars | lent i ule ate & whith 025, Pose
terminal A aod B; thse torn in a | ne Ua on tar ofan tbe le:
deck ar cancel 1 ea I Ue COB | bone ext, change cl ter
{sin pod end, de multimetr needle | met advances to oe eal and it
ou dao forward ad basar once
‘ery nd Inc, OH deck is an
Mest termina Atod B with a pue | [Pla 0 2 25 9 6
128,15, 1.15, 200, 226, 250, and
ter fisting the cal, immediately
sd ich St lf postion (pe st
Pasion) and pote dove the le all
Inter rang the later dpa.
[ccna valo i moe than or equal >
09, add anther al othe ve num
Ber eal If deal velos i ee than
8, get cal vale nd ne owe
aly whe number
"To mee thie ral al meter rang
into callar memory, prs A be
an Nor la al metr ring is tod
in money and elt the pra
ed ll meter rei, Por emir
(play ol cuen heal cal meter rad
ine ro MRC baten and se itch
Soon tarsandy poston The ur
ina of 90. The arantage a ang | [Pas ie
thi COB is thot war en LV DO | [CRE _ 040 040 0583 ax aus ans nos am oat am our au
"Th ck pus aaa fo tr | [erica ic
[tee FR owe up tie eal ps I pei om my ew oe
oot lal cll meter reading wil Mik
ce er send
Ta pue cic, th author used
‘TAKSUN eater tht ets ron Re
0, Te dla height was em In this
‘alata, suited he wo btn:
‘ope bata with two externally en
‘ted LV RS type tere 1 un the
calco fr mer than a eur
"The power if Btn terminal were
made dy by fing clip nn
{acs a avd erasing of men, ld
someone ideal peste power of
Tatton The clar has aut ur fr
lig. Tree, sme bution neds aho
red que to ke he eae
‘nS, in el coin, e ot
tani ct econ nc evry
second by trandste TI, ta hep the ea
‘utr ennui
‘ef hints Sle the boton
terminal by ding snl! bls in ie
‘ity en PCB pattern wing thin wp
ber wie and slr ety mich thet
{ho ttn ead pet nid ern
cay a well on mal. Ta the eo.
pue vire rg ade tthe hc
the PCB, m be akan cat of
‘Bo cla a ermal G und HE
At elle tatty terminal,
der two wrest and terminal
‘Te iros ar ho taken ut fe al
REJO G. PAREKKATTU
Yb rit diagram ofa simple io
trol cole eck a aha in ig
ur A Sgt cdo number sw
seperate te code ose
‘Wher power supply tothe ii a
turned oa pst pula apbed to
{he RESET pn (in 1) thug cu
tor Cl Thu, the fist output terminal
Qi gn D ft decade coir IC (CD
{017 si be hg and al ber teta
(02 6 QUO) wil be lw. o shi the igh
tate um Qt G2, apse ple mst
‘appl the ek np terminal (in
10 LICL. Ti lps ony by prem
ing he prin eich SL menenariy.
(On peeing swith SI, the high ate
shite bom Qt Q2
Non, a change high tat rum Q2
Lo app am pie pale atin
ends pueblo y presing witch
‘2 Similarly high taa an be hited
‘upto the teh apt (QO by presio
{he ich SI through 59 sequently
in that order. When QUO (in Is ich,
rancios Temás ad nern lay
LA The ray ean be usd witch
Poor 1 ny dec apple.
Diodes DI through D are proved
Lo proc damagumalfuncioning u he
Tc won two micos core to
‘Ril and Tow output terminals are
Se
red simultaneo, Capacitor C2 and
‘tor aro provided to prevent mse
tr ri End AE COB na >
ip Banlieue
Beta, aig doo
Paraje pi äh pue
Ci en en Nos nt e,
li alegria oy
I Tanmert Votan oral pet
agde enr achat
cheb haine
“Gui Dante A
ty tet itl ech cor
AS
rumbas btt ome Sih
¡Sido rare o
at per per bdo
dy pc deca berg
nr ns Teenie
‘le la mord mme
cri SD
Bande.
1A IBV power sappy ls usd forthe
ict The creat is very simple and can
Rene peu OR The
CE
ring svitching stn
Sich O und rot the cuit
manual. Switches SI to S10 can be
sai on ear pal, and any
ram
ce er send
Ta pue cic, th author used
‘TAKSUN eater tht ets ron Re
0, Te dla height was em In this
‘alata, suited he wo btn:
‘ope bata with two externally en
‘ted LV RS type tere 1 un the
calco fr mer than a eur
"The power if Btn terminal were
made dy by fing clip nn
{acs a avd erasing of men, ld
someone ideal peste power of
Tatton The clar has aut ur fr
lig. Tree, sme bution neds aho
red que to ke he eae
‘nS, in el coin, e ot
tani ct econ nc evry
second by trandste TI, ta hep the ea
‘utr ennui
‘ef hints Sle the boton
terminal by ding snl! bls in ie
‘ity en PCB pattern wing thin wp
ber wie and slr ety mich thet
{ho ttn ead pet nid ern
cay a well on mal. Ta the eo.
pue vire rg ade tthe hc
the PCB, m be akan cat of
‘Bo cla a ermal G und HE
At elle tatty terminal,
der two wrest and terminal
‘Te iros ar ho taken ut fe al
REJO G. PAREKKATTU
Yb rit diagram ofa simple io
trol cole eck a aha in ig
ur A Sgt cdo number sw
seperate te code ose
‘Wher power supply tothe ii a
turned oa pst pula apbed to
{he RESET pn (in 1) thug cu
tor Cl Thu, the fist output terminal
Qi gn D ft decade coir IC (CD
{017 si be hg and al ber teta
(02 6 QUO) wil be lw. o shi the igh
tate um Qt G2, apse ple mst
‘appl the ek np terminal (in
10 LICL. Ti lps ony by prem
ing he prin eich SL menenariy.
(On peeing swith SI, the high ate
shite bom Qt Q2
Non, a change high tat rum Q2
Lo app am pie pale atin
ends pueblo y presing witch
‘2 Similarly high taa an be hited
‘upto the teh apt (QO by presio
{he ich SI through 59 sequently
in that order. When QUO (in Is ich,
rancios Temás ad nern lay
LA The ray ean be usd witch
Poor 1 ny dec apple.
Diodes DI through D are proved
Lo proc damagumalfuncioning u he
Tc won two micos core to
‘Ril and Tow output terminals are
Se
red simultaneo, Capacitor C2 and
‘tor aro provided to prevent mse
tr ri End AE COB na >
ip Banlieue
Beta, aig doo
Paraje pi äh pue
Ci en en Nos nt e,
li alegria oy
I Tanmert Votan oral pet
agde enr achat
cheb haine
“Gui Dante A
ty tet itl ech cor
AS
rumbas btt ome Sih
¡Sido rare o
at per per bdo
dy pc deca berg
nr ns Teenie
‘le la mord mme
cri SD
Bande.
1A IBV power sappy ls usd forthe
ict The creat is very simple and can
Rene peu OR The
CE
ring svitching stn
Sich O und rot the cuit
manual. Switches SI to S10 can be
sai on ear pal, and any
ram
LATCH-UP ALARM
USING OPTO-COUPLER <>
Smith, de LED inde pt
couper lowe and the phtatrancser
fenduce As à realy ger tratar
‘Ti gts base bas wo potter ad
resistor RG. The alarm unde
Ceotnaoualy oni eset switch 82 ie
rowed When wich 52 pre, tan.
tr TL eed ‘Of to bring pn à
EICH to Inge Tow’ and the alarm
Leia,
PRADEEP G.
uth up ala dect here
is based om single IC NESSS,
configured at an astable
var The ining component re
ltd sich that tho seating fe
quen el the multar ie thin
the aude range. Tasca ot a pop
‘ag, an optocoupler (CTE i ud
frange de alr
Under urna oon, pin 4 of C2
is pled to pound vn eit R2 and
ls utpat al pin 3 6 Bald Tow. When
‘ith Si posed momentary, tan
‘Sider TI ducs to bring rest pin of
55 lo lage gh A rol IC à
Acad andthe alarm start to sod
a.
MINI VOICE-PROCESSOR -&;
(BASED ON UMC APPLICATION NOTE AND
DATA SHEET FOR IC UMS506B)
speaker For understanding tbe eperton,
{he funcions af tes SL vo St
tnd thar rsponding pls dese
below
SIA Presing(ronding his
UMS isa gly iterated
‘ie pra CMOS IC th in-
‘ult ADM adaptive da mol
Lian) capa. The cp integral an
Analogue apar, à 104 DA con.
‘ere, owas er, a opamp, and
Fi
Sai sate AME I nom hp
plier fr sound rearing and det
16 Ines coming out of the COB. These
lings afer proper identico, have
‘ecm insta with ater mark in
Fg 2 Ver few external comment ar
ede ity se alan och a
ta ih,
‘ting card o lapa. The tested PCB
sud 3 cm x 825 om android | vis sgl picked wp by the condense
“ly 0k po operon mn ao verted it il gale ur
"The IC bag with termal compo. | ing ADM leith and sored in ie in
eats s shown in Fig 2 canbe used a | tral SRAM Dring play mode, be i
using oft far resin leg | tl data coveted ack into aalgue
AE onde During record male, the | signale and played Back through the
memory e mot completely
or sal orth pin i ight m
{er the power don mode
USING OPTO-COUPLER <>
Smith, de LED inde pt
couper lowe and the phtatrancser
fenduce As à realy ger tratar
‘Ti gts base bas wo potter ad
resistor RG. The alarm unde
Ceotnaoualy oni eset switch 82 ie
rowed When wich 52 pre, tan.
tr TL eed ‘Of to bring pn à
EICH to Inge Tow’ and the alarm
Leia,
PRADEEP G.
uth up ala dect here
is based om single IC NESSS,
configured at an astable
var The ining component re
ltd sich that tho seating fe
quen el the multar ie thin
the aude range. Tasca ot a pop
‘ag, an optocoupler (CTE i ud
frange de alr
Under urna oon, pin 4 of C2
is pled to pound vn eit R2 and
ls utpat al pin 3 6 Bald Tow. When
‘ith Si posed momentary, tan
‘Sider TI ducs to bring rest pin of
55 lo lage gh A rol IC à
Acad andthe alarm start to sod
a.
MINI VOICE-PROCESSOR -&;
(BASED ON UMC APPLICATION NOTE AND
DATA SHEET FOR IC UMS506B)
speaker For understanding tbe eperton,
{he funcions af tes SL vo St
tnd thar rsponding pls dese
below
SIA Presing(ronding his
UMS isa gly iterated
‘ie pra CMOS IC th in-
‘ult ADM adaptive da mol
Lian) capa. The cp integral an
Analogue apar, à 104 DA con.
‘ere, owas er, a opamp, and
Fi
Sai sate AME I nom hp
plier fr sound rearing and det
16 Ines coming out of the COB. These
lings afer proper identico, have
‘ecm insta with ater mark in
Fg 2 Ver few external comment ar
ede ity se alan och a
ta ih,
‘ting card o lapa. The tested PCB
sud 3 cm x 825 om android | vis sgl picked wp by the condense
“ly 0k po operon mn ao verted it il gale ur
"The IC bag with termal compo. | ing ADM leith and sored in ie in
eats s shown in Fig 2 canbe used a | tral SRAM Dring play mode, be i
using oft far resin leg | tl data coveted ack into aalgue
AE onde During record male, the | signale and played Back through the
memory e mot completely
or sal orth pin i ight m
{er the power don mode
82 HAD, Pressing
Ground) hs pino be
fpverdown mudo and in
Kites the pay eee, The
SUPLAYE). Pressing
(weaning this pin mom.
Lac end the poneros
‘mode and esters the ply
ndo, Subequet taking of
hs pa Hg hak ft.
However, precia this pin.
nce more ise the play
‘mode and the chip eters
the power-down made.
PERA en ne PE PONIA
| ter the poner down mad, and play ode active pora, À bep ls
ep |" LEDI connected to BUZY pn hts | proce inthe speaker to innert
peti the message a bag as ts | up to indicate end of powerdown | of record el and sho thatthe meno
Ja! peso: When released wile | mode and remain on during record | sa 3
Ground) hs pino be
fpverdown mudo and in
Kites the pay eee, The
SUPLAYE). Pressing
(weaning this pin mom.
Lac end the poneros
‘mode and esters the ply
ndo, Subequet taking of
hs pa Hg hak ft.
However, precia this pin.
nce more ise the play
‘mode and the chip eters
the power-down made.
PERA en ne PE PONIA
| ter the poner down mad, and play ode active pora, À bep ls
ep |" LEDI connected to BUZY pn hts | proce inthe speaker to innert
peti the message a bag as ts | up to indicate end of powerdown | of record el and sho thatthe meno
Ja! peso: When released wile | mode and remain on during record | sa 3
2000
A JEYABAL
ans are vides games one
“rat in the marke. But
fa those who may prefer lo
gta
Sembl the game tenses,
amer eng game cis dee
Le
À train fa di random nu
tars appears ona Tee! is, und
plas ar hot umber prom
{nga sich comedo to that mu
tar re vant I he thet the
‘amber, h sores ten points which are
darlas où the sobar Soll
‘Showings acople by à bp und.
Fig 1 shows te Bk diagrama ofthe
‘wots cat Bleck 1,2, and 3 coat
{ute the rando number generat ick
‘contra tb tn ging witches and
ek hc fr any fl play The ore
‘ward is conte by Mois 6 and,
sth to e meat frau ide:
Blak coi the sped ofthe un
ter displayed, the digital counter, the
Sith eonrller, and the fou play
cer
(Clock pue generator. The che
A
=
rate diagram fia number shooting
fame a bon in Pi. The Set rig
fr input NAND gates NI and NZ IC
DAS UC are ed or prodcing eek
‘ls fer random nunber romain
AND gate Nin combination wth ca.
cor C2 and rar 2 in a sl
{tar o produce pues. NAND gate NI
side socio component pra
‘Specter Chand reste Ri am aber
alt, vba een stn times
es than ofthe ferme xao
"Th puis frm he mo ellos
ae ANDI by NAND gate NZ to gt rar
dem cock ples. The output feng
‘rom at N2 (pin 4) vrs oto phase
{rene ben th In late Be.
ue and the peril of a! ate of
at om ate in 10,
"Te pate was crea mat
(ar coseesive 190 rudo numbers go:
ral y 12 (and dled on DIS.
[No rea in oder the numbers
(raw, sternly, mo
sao number was opened ie
Random number generator and
sich controller, The out of ate NP
Coin 0 1 esmero o pin 1 of dene
comedero agent LED driver
Diss (CD. Tis IC ruta a de
the. Tae
ment dise
psy DIS.
Te ental
pulse pro
faced "by
fe NS ae
rats thie
pls,
The
ck pas
She gow
decade
sunterde.
oder Ie
Doit
acs. pin
10. Man.
FR Bick Sara oe il mar socio paro conte the
heisser rites, Ten pashtoon mit
‘he desired tha Sar ne
etl tthe ten Q sil (in 3,2. 4.
4.10, 1,5, 68, and I respecte of
thine
"Tes @ opts become‘ ome by
e sequal wäh evry dock pulse
102 and ICS mast wat In union, er
the mmr sho in the gly the ce.
respondi Q eutpu el 13 abel be
‘Rg Fe the number O ong 9, he
red QD ety fC repro
sat Bem high Fr his pure, be
“ary out (pa 8) o 12 cena lo.
the reset pin 16 of 1C3 through a
dirait ir pri resister
F4 and par CS
During bo nation fam 90, the
stat of C0 pin change rr lo
‘hgh and the rente cre pro
ores shar ple ore CS Th, in
‘very ten pls, ny Liming ire, it
present corel. Resistor RS A
Some in parallel to capacitor C3
‘uly cher daring th low tate
CO pas ar 102
Control pulse generator. NAND
se Na, lng thi exter comp
ets forms ater alor very ow
=
Jocs sos > Eins dead ater
hos BP Le eme!
hos {oad til
Min Ost de
“ ‘enn DD du |
te a aa cn fi
ans
Kata:
Isosıo
ans are vides games one
“rat in the marke. But
fa those who may prefer lo
gta
Sembl the game tenses,
amer eng game cis dee
Le
À train fa di random nu
tars appears ona Tee! is, und
plas ar hot umber prom
{nga sich comedo to that mu
tar re vant I he thet the
‘amber, h sores ten points which are
darlas où the sobar Soll
‘Showings acople by à bp und.
Fig 1 shows te Bk diagrama ofthe
‘wots cat Bleck 1,2, and 3 coat
{ute the rando number generat ick
‘contra tb tn ging witches and
ek hc fr any fl play The ore
‘ward is conte by Mois 6 and,
sth to e meat frau ide:
Blak coi the sped ofthe un
ter displayed, the digital counter, the
Sith eonrller, and the fou play
cer
(Clock pue generator. The che
A
=
rate diagram fia number shooting
fame a bon in Pi. The Set rig
fr input NAND gates NI and NZ IC
DAS UC are ed or prodcing eek
‘ls fer random nunber romain
AND gate Nin combination wth ca.
cor C2 and rar 2 in a sl
{tar o produce pues. NAND gate NI
side socio component pra
‘Specter Chand reste Ri am aber
alt, vba een stn times
es than ofthe ferme xao
"Th puis frm he mo ellos
ae ANDI by NAND gate NZ to gt rar
dem cock ples. The output feng
‘rom at N2 (pin 4) vrs oto phase
{rene ben th In late Be.
ue and the peril of a! ate of
at om ate in 10,
"Te pate was crea mat
(ar coseesive 190 rudo numbers go:
ral y 12 (and dled on DIS.
[No rea in oder the numbers
(raw, sternly, mo
sao number was opened ie
Random number generator and
sich controller, The out of ate NP
Coin 0 1 esmero o pin 1 of dene
comedero agent LED driver
Diss (CD. Tis IC ruta a de
the. Tae
ment dise
psy DIS.
Te ental
pulse pro
faced "by
fe NS ae
rats thie
pls,
The
ck pas
She gow
decade
sunterde.
oder Ie
Doit
acs. pin
10. Man.
FR Bick Sara oe il mar socio paro conte the
heisser rites, Ten pashtoon mit
‘he desired tha Sar ne
etl tthe ten Q sil (in 3,2. 4.
4.10, 1,5, 68, and I respecte of
thine
"Tes @ opts become‘ ome by
e sequal wäh evry dock pulse
102 and ICS mast wat In union, er
the mmr sho in the gly the ce.
respondi Q eutpu el 13 abel be
‘Rg Fe the number O ong 9, he
red QD ety fC repro
sat Bem high Fr his pure, be
“ary out (pa 8) o 12 cena lo.
the reset pin 16 of 1C3 through a
dirait ir pri resister
F4 and par CS
During bo nation fam 90, the
stat of C0 pin change rr lo
‘hgh and the rente cre pro
ores shar ple ore CS Th, in
‘very ten pls, ny Liming ire, it
present corel. Resistor RS A
Some in parallel to capacitor C3
‘uly cher daring th low tate
CO pas ar 102
Control pulse generator. NAND
se Na, lng thi exter comp
ets forms ater alor very ow
=
Jocs sos > Eins dead ater
hos BP Le eme!
hos {oad til
Min Ost de
“ ‘enn DD du |
te a aa cn fi
ans
Kata:
Isosıo
ru (fhe ode 1 Hito 4 He.
I frequency eat varied wth he Bp
of potentiometer VEL
Foe proper noi of DIOR and
DIO, the helenae (CE) pcs 2
and 13 respectively must be had Yow’
‘Thee pins ae ane tothe ouput |
fate NO pin 0) I thee pin re in ge
Fish stato, the Osa dad fren m-
coin deck ple, and tn Q output
eS and segment dive output of 12 re
tain tia state ttre the CE pis go
ie
"The contra clock pubs rom gate
NS also go tothe base al transistor
CSTB CP, Ti trator pal ow
{he common ende of Taegment LED
play DISA grand during the high
level ef contol ck paies, lo display
he amer.
‘The cont pal ako pers one
sore se, Aer being inverted by
AND gate NA, e ect KM op IC
CDA CA, which serves a al
pla eee.
In mul during the hw sate of
tp of gate NS, nh CZ and ICS ate
abled an the poles are sued by
1, batt number canot be me in
the pls because tuner TH to
vrs ad and te
‘When the uput af gate NB changes
to high stat, 102 and 163 are dae.
Ta gets bso vale and pall own
‘he eathdee splay DS, and the ie
play shows the uber hich is a rn.
a unto. At the same Une, the Q
opt of CS comedia to the dí
Pod number us ie!
I one presses the correct
un oye ann poo weep oD 384
uns pale applic 1 deck i
put pin 3 ICL a Q capas (in D
Fees gh, which advances ie tens
counter OCS of the scort. e alo
Blas tanitor 2, to drive the plese
er BZ fr confirmation ofthe num
Core
Foul play cheeheriebsuner. Due
te boeing, the eves pode sp
us ples an hd o erate per.
The par may pres switch mor than
net er mor, and may Kp ps.
Ing a sich bebe the recio num.
ber ls played, This ia where the foul
play checerdebouner cet comes
fa pay.
Po ih operation, the eel re
remets are a flows
I frequency eat varied wth he Bp
of potentiometer VEL
Foe proper noi of DIOR and
DIO, the helenae (CE) pcs 2
and 13 respectively must be had Yow’
‘Thee pins ae ane tothe ouput |
fate NO pin 0) I thee pin re in ge
Fish stato, the Osa dad fren m-
coin deck ple, and tn Q output
eS and segment dive output of 12 re
tain tia state ttre the CE pis go
ie
"The contra clock pubs rom gate
NS also go tothe base al transistor
CSTB CP, Ti trator pal ow
{he common ende of Taegment LED
play DISA grand during the high
level ef contol ck paies, lo display
he amer.
‘The cont pal ako pers one
sore se, Aer being inverted by
AND gate NA, e ect KM op IC
CDA CA, which serves a al
pla eee.
In mul during the hw sate of
tp of gate NS, nh CZ and ICS ate
abled an the poles are sued by
1, batt number canot be me in
the pls because tuner TH to
vrs ad and te
‘When the uput af gate NB changes
to high stat, 102 and 163 are dae.
Ta gets bso vale and pall own
‘he eathdee splay DS, and the ie
play shows the uber hich is a rn.
a unto. At the same Une, the Q
opt of CS comedia to the dí
Pod number us ie!
I one presses the correct
un oye ann poo weep oD 384
uns pale applic 1 deck i
put pin 3 ICL a Q capas (in D
Fees gh, which advances ie tens
counter OCS of the scort. e alo
Blas tanitor 2, to drive the plese
er BZ fr confirmation ofthe num
Core
Foul play cheeheriebsuner. Due
te boeing, the eves pode sp
us ples an hd o erate per.
The par may pres switch mor than
net er mor, and may Kp ps.
Ing a sich bebe the recio num.
ber ls played, This ia where the foul
play checerdebouner cet comes
fa pay.
Po ih operation, the eel re
remets are a flows
Fo. & Compare aya feo POS
1. Te sara ples mut be
"The counter mus advance ely on
heft pressing the wich fr a nu
3. Te pen of the mich shuld
os «ito oly ser the responding
amber à da
"To fa al these conditions, the
dual AR Miu IC CD47 WC) ie
‘cle and only one of the to Mp
‘ops 1 ud. The Mp op is io
en both 3 and K input are low
(equirment Y and 2)" The data on
{hed apt is andre o e Quatput
for a postie ping dock pulse only
(rene! 3) Toe inp (in 8)
Te CDIU ls grounded and Y input
(pin 6 conecte 1 output (in 2.
‘One terminal ll he ton mite a
‘connected 1 ek put (ia 8 of IC
Conta pales fom gate N3 (in 10)
ar inserto y gate Ni tre us a
reset pin
Duras the horn period of pte
18, oup ef gate Nes high andthe
pop 00H sin the rset state IE
en tough clack pas representa
‘Sock input (in 8) ICH he Q epa
Sr nl change a his Gin the ret
"When the stat o pate NO lt
etat fa RS
1A fom the reset rate If e player
rs he comet vite, a clack ple
pad to the deck pat (in fC
(CDE. The ig level daa fom Ji
is tandem to Q opt (in Dot
sh mane en pits DIR e aa
Zoro) Now Qoutpat (in 2 104. wich
cree od pat, edo, An bah
Sand K inputs are allow Tee, ICH ie
ned and further dk pales pin
Bef Ct have oca
Biere counter und scersbeard
‘Tis ek comprises to decade counter
decder segment display driver ICs
Dass CS, ICH, and rec common
cata segment LED displays DIS2
through DIS. The "a throgh €
Segments of DISA, meant for unis
fre det conne postie supply
ral ad its athe i conecte ona.
te sul rail ugha Tk RI) cur
renting resistor Thus it alway
ome or.
he Qostpa Gn 1) of C4 con
ctl to clock input in D of C5, the
tens unter. The carey (in 8 CS
is matt he dde pu in Dt
106 reading hundreds ute, The
CE (pin 3) and Lamp Test pin Ht beth
105 and 105 are grund, for proper
funcioning, Bath resets (in 16 are
rund argh DO (RS resistors
‘nected pave ply, rough ro
Seems,
Fipple Baking input (in a 108
ia rounded ste leading orto be di
plaga in DIS we Hanke out The
ple banking ops (pa A I
le he nero e played ie
kei, er wil bland tin di
play DIS, erase RBO af IB à con.
ected to RBI of ICS. So when rea
Sitch SOs depessed the un counter
Alla shows nl sr andthe other two
‘dupa ablando.
"The macmum wre which can edie
played 100. fer whch ast
‘ally ret sr
Sound ect generator Fr sine
A and compacts, a lew buzzer co.
ans type temple. When the Q
‘ouput o 1 goes gh ar the comet
‘Shor SIIB and des the piro
Dae. This produces a bep sound fr
cat col eng tt
amer
Construction
‘This cent can be anenble on a
readymode POB a rip bar, However,
2 proper singled PCB Br the cet
ti 2is own in Fig Bandits campo
Sitch, patos taco cr membrane
tes cn be use Fur poner spa
fr els AA) can eth
sate holder DCIN socket pcs
he conecta bat eliminate orop-
‘ating on mans spp.
1. Te sara ples mut be
"The counter mus advance ely on
heft pressing the wich fr a nu
3. Te pen of the mich shuld
os «ito oly ser the responding
amber à da
"To fa al these conditions, the
dual AR Miu IC CD47 WC) ie
‘cle and only one of the to Mp
‘ops 1 ud. The Mp op is io
en both 3 and K input are low
(equirment Y and 2)" The data on
{hed apt is andre o e Quatput
for a postie ping dock pulse only
(rene! 3) Toe inp (in 8)
Te CDIU ls grounded and Y input
(pin 6 conecte 1 output (in 2.
‘One terminal ll he ton mite a
‘connected 1 ek put (ia 8 of IC
Conta pales fom gate N3 (in 10)
ar inserto y gate Ni tre us a
reset pin
Duras the horn period of pte
18, oup ef gate Nes high andthe
pop 00H sin the rset state IE
en tough clack pas representa
‘Sock input (in 8) ICH he Q epa
Sr nl change a his Gin the ret
"When the stat o pate NO lt
etat fa RS
1A fom the reset rate If e player
rs he comet vite, a clack ple
pad to the deck pat (in fC
(CDE. The ig level daa fom Ji
is tandem to Q opt (in Dot
sh mane en pits DIR e aa
Zoro) Now Qoutpat (in 2 104. wich
cree od pat, edo, An bah
Sand K inputs are allow Tee, ICH ie
ned and further dk pales pin
Bef Ct have oca
Biere counter und scersbeard
‘Tis ek comprises to decade counter
decder segment display driver ICs
Dass CS, ICH, and rec common
cata segment LED displays DIS2
through DIS. The "a throgh €
Segments of DISA, meant for unis
fre det conne postie supply
ral ad its athe i conecte ona.
te sul rail ugha Tk RI) cur
renting resistor Thus it alway
ome or.
he Qostpa Gn 1) of C4 con
ctl to clock input in D of C5, the
tens unter. The carey (in 8 CS
is matt he dde pu in Dt
106 reading hundreds ute, The
CE (pin 3) and Lamp Test pin Ht beth
105 and 105 are grund, for proper
funcioning, Bath resets (in 16 are
rund argh DO (RS resistors
‘nected pave ply, rough ro
Seems,
Fipple Baking input (in a 108
ia rounded ste leading orto be di
plaga in DIS we Hanke out The
ple banking ops (pa A I
le he nero e played ie
kei, er wil bland tin di
play DIS, erase RBO af IB à con.
ected to RBI of ICS. So when rea
Sitch SOs depessed the un counter
Alla shows nl sr andthe other two
‘dupa ablando.
"The macmum wre which can edie
played 100. fer whch ast
‘ally ret sr
Sound ect generator Fr sine
A and compacts, a lew buzzer co.
ans type temple. When the Q
‘ouput o 1 goes gh ar the comet
‘Shor SIIB and des the piro
Dae. This produces a bep sound fr
cat col eng tt
amer
Construction
‘This cent can be anenble on a
readymode POB a rip bar, However,
2 proper singled PCB Br the cet
ti 2is own in Fig Bandits campo
Sitch, patos taco cr membrane
tes cn be use Fur poner spa
fr els AA) can eth
sate holder DCIN socket pcs
he conecta bat eliminate orop-
‘ating on mans spp.
pe INTERFACED AUDIO <> ir
PLAYBACK DEVICE M-PLAVER 2.2200:
The out cunt from th DAC is
caverta int orrspondin valgo
ANY. VENKATARAYAL AND M. SOMASUNDARAM Shing simple curentoseltgo on.
Verter wird rend oo par othe dual
‘ideband JPET op amp LPS, Te ot
Put fe 102 ithe aired ag.
Pal that bas 1 be peces and amp
Fel te he spear. The art low.
ing the EV converter i the bas and
eds afro ind har abraza
mate human beings Many de
ee have een invented fore
corn and playing back the wunder
ia magnet taps to DVD (ia ver trienio! eat emplsing RC-ype
le dc) rm Ad cart hh po. | bite or 256 levels can be ‘able low-pass and Dips ie
Tiemance sound cards with ‘surround | ase ls wi Ii question Use | came to the apt of ad amer
sound pay. Foe personal comput | are requntsel as sel under St. | Du arund the send epam inside
(SR (Ca) there In a wide arty of mach | war bang. Th, onl ht bis | Last ORO
dese. A modern PC general, has | aro sn the car Ugh the printer | The quency respon ofthe fers
‘SoundBlaster cardinal ini your | pr an be varied sing potencias VRI
PO du mot havea mund card ore ie | Sc there i no per communica | und VR The lw opaco rs en
‘lent audio playback cet ith | on naar htc the player card | be cu or he wiht bof pie
aay el, and volume contrat ee | andthe PC, rfi tue eight | cer VR Silay, high ns
ee ip at ne ofthe pet SEH pine 2 | rte cn be cut or tated wih he
he papbck doce Mplayer (ke. | through Dar 26 gin Deventer This 3 | hl of ptetomeer VRE At lw fe.
‘mea player) dred here uss mn. | bit dip put eooere into nana: | queno eapator C2, C3, and CA et
‘mal hardware to ac a madera | gue sgl wing DAC 096 (CH re | open cate and the line fed:
rod qualit sudo playdack device. | Nail Senna. el Ok res OE, BS,
‘he sattware Ut companies the har: | The output eurent rom the DAC | and RS and potro VE,
Vin o ig ud | are ci he nr dtl |" io ate (O) o
MS-DOS ora compte peine sw | (represented ty bis DO 1 ) | inverting amplifier and the aplication
em. Tis deve can play a simple 8 | the rence vage V2 nd the vals | (attente ofthe ow een tu
‘PCM (glu cdo modal) wave fle | of series rotor RL conecte to Va | signals depends en the vale ptt
‘ith some peal eects The PC cm | pin 14 of DACORO 16 Te output ca | suce VEU The og fat wh €
ceo de righ PC pa. | et nn y th aon | 5 = Ce ete re by
atid yor ir tbe equaton
E
PLAYBACK DEVICE M-PLAVER 2.2200:
The out cunt from th DAC is
caverta int orrspondin valgo
ANY. VENKATARAYAL AND M. SOMASUNDARAM Shing simple curentoseltgo on.
Verter wird rend oo par othe dual
‘ideband JPET op amp LPS, Te ot
Put fe 102 ithe aired ag.
Pal that bas 1 be peces and amp
Fel te he spear. The art low.
ing the EV converter i the bas and
eds afro ind har abraza
mate human beings Many de
ee have een invented fore
corn and playing back the wunder
ia magnet taps to DVD (ia ver trienio! eat emplsing RC-ype
le dc) rm Ad cart hh po. | bite or 256 levels can be ‘able low-pass and Dips ie
Tiemance sound cards with ‘surround | ase ls wi Ii question Use | came to the apt of ad amer
sound pay. Foe personal comput | are requntsel as sel under St. | Du arund the send epam inside
(SR (Ca) there In a wide arty of mach | war bang. Th, onl ht bis | Last ORO
dese. A modern PC general, has | aro sn the car Ugh the printer | The quency respon ofthe fers
‘SoundBlaster cardinal ini your | pr an be varied sing potencias VRI
PO du mot havea mund card ore ie | Sc there i no per communica | und VR The lw opaco rs en
‘lent audio playback cet ith | on naar htc the player card | be cu or he wiht bof pie
aay el, and volume contrat ee | andthe PC, rfi tue eight | cer VR Silay, high ns
ee ip at ne ofthe pet SEH pine 2 | rte cn be cut or tated wih he
he papbck doce Mplayer (ke. | through Dar 26 gin Deventer This 3 | hl of ptetomeer VRE At lw fe.
‘mea player) dred here uss mn. | bit dip put eooere into nana: | queno eapator C2, C3, and CA et
‘mal hardware to ac a madera | gue sgl wing DAC 096 (CH re | open cate and the line fed:
rod qualit sudo playdack device. | Nail Senna. el Ok res OE, BS,
‘he sattware Ut companies the har: | The output eurent rom the DAC | and RS and potro VE,
Vin o ig ud | are ci he nr dtl |" io ate (O) o
MS-DOS ora compte peine sw | (represented ty bis DO 1 ) | inverting amplifier and the aplication
em. Tis deve can play a simple 8 | the rence vage V2 nd the vals | (attente ofthe ow een tu
‘PCM (glu cdo modal) wave fle | of series rotor RL conecte to Va | signals depends en the vale ptt
‘ith some peal eects The PC cm | pin 14 of DACORO 16 Te output ca | suce VEU The og fat wh €
ceo de righ PC pa. | et nn y th aon | 5 = Ce ete re by
atid yor ir tbe equaton
E
hm speaker. The
Mere futputend audio
At francis higher han 2 (>, | poner ampifer a
high end of audio range), capacitors | Signed to te a
and C9 cross cl tet | in aod 0.
Smee VELL Ar €2 and C9 behave | Onecanaiouse
{hort potentiometer VR hao | LU in various
‘tit on the apa response Now the | adercifiuraios
ión cota y ble potente | as per gu.
Wit. The Frequency 2, below which | ments. Another
treble potentiometer ‘VRE has. no | popular cure
et onthe response, sen bythe | om is the rige
Ca Et
nat Fer
The spot of tha modal is sent. wo | tt ih gla
the Anal 2 at sudo poner ample | 130.
{C4880 stage hr ponte VRS
hich i wel a be ae tr. The
ome cugat mode od an. | Parallel part
The opt f the
paraa gr TL
campa Se
ical nde
ty a8 and lope
tel Oh OY The
par ed 4
at | ran ra O
Den. Mo art. Compran yet rhe PCB
foro cao ad
‘Ste ood rm etl ito mo i POM dt This
The tre mame ca crt | re le sepan wih QUE
tote thaw orn pra pt | based nro.
e | Te war le mats probly he
ne bs ars 09 GH I | ka named wand frat une
dt 1a mai ih alr of te | thea fon ches th ier
pont pert inthe tere prop af | en ner of Sunk of wld ins
Escalas de deve ate ‘Sen le Ero he duna à
ae PO tr de pay. | free te Thon dio
Weck ea Va pren Me 2 | ge docameniation an al available
1g, 28 ne
Go daran,
lee: ner mea
(ser! Bank cere
o 2 a ae
cms per PES — | un
Bi Denen Tis software can be we only on
Lu cm PON data with data chunk ery wave
erp) ot Soc ie ass ini hun Table
CS Thu accompagne | D Tne una willbe prenne
thn pre writen in Tub Cas or | ave le, Then thee are eter chu
‘DOS. I can be used ta | which ae octal on standard POM
ay simple Salt PCA | tat, the aber ehonk maybe wed
ave file, 1601 wave | herby DATA chunk orb LIST hunk
Gare covered into | which, in tum, ha It of sabe
bi BON da boro pro | (Any information obtained on these
ARRET
Relevant Dea Pra Prt
TE EE SS chau by the Madero may les 6
D À D OO RES] "En stereo ware | shod ih te thor)
5 OS DS OO Me | ect plo at | During pls, he peed with
fF Dé À a | rr mee va. | whith tbe pros ine au ar
$F BE RSE [cece he | cate te nay lit pd ag
sewed Bist, OO D | cama Pent |S day pan thn ey
canada om: | adaptively aril with apc othe pd
Mere futputend audio
At francis higher han 2 (>, | poner ampifer a
high end of audio range), capacitors | Signed to te a
and C9 cross cl tet | in aod 0.
Smee VELL Ar €2 and C9 behave | Onecanaiouse
{hort potentiometer VR hao | LU in various
‘tit on the apa response Now the | adercifiuraios
ión cota y ble potente | as per gu.
Wit. The Frequency 2, below which | ments. Another
treble potentiometer ‘VRE has. no | popular cure
et onthe response, sen bythe | om is the rige
Ca Et
nat Fer
The spot of tha modal is sent. wo | tt ih gla
the Anal 2 at sudo poner ample | 130.
{C4880 stage hr ponte VRS
hich i wel a be ae tr. The
ome cugat mode od an. | Parallel part
The opt f the
paraa gr TL
campa Se
ical nde
ty a8 and lope
tel Oh OY The
par ed 4
at | ran ra O
Den. Mo art. Compran yet rhe PCB
foro cao ad
‘Ste ood rm etl ito mo i POM dt This
The tre mame ca crt | re le sepan wih QUE
tote thaw orn pra pt | based nro.
e | Te war le mats probly he
ne bs ars 09 GH I | ka named wand frat une
dt 1a mai ih alr of te | thea fon ches th ier
pont pert inthe tere prop af | en ner of Sunk of wld ins
Escalas de deve ate ‘Sen le Ero he duna à
ae PO tr de pay. | free te Thon dio
Weck ea Va pren Me 2 | ge docameniation an al available
1g, 28 ne
Go daran,
lee: ner mea
(ser! Bank cere
o 2 a ae
cms per PES — | un
Bi Denen Tis software can be we only on
Lu cm PON data with data chunk ery wave
erp) ot Soc ie ass ini hun Table
CS Thu accompagne | D Tne una willbe prenne
thn pre writen in Tub Cas or | ave le, Then thee are eter chu
‘DOS. I can be used ta | which ae octal on standard POM
ay simple Salt PCA | tat, the aber ehonk maybe wed
ave file, 1601 wave | herby DATA chunk orb LIST hunk
Gare covered into | which, in tum, ha It of sabe
bi BON da boro pro | (Any information obtained on these
ARRET
Relevant Dea Pra Prt
TE EE SS chau by the Madero may les 6
D À D OO RES] "En stereo ware | shod ih te thor)
5 OS DS OO Me | ect plo at | During pls, he peed with
fF Dé À a | rr mee va. | whith tbe pros ine au ar
$F BE RSE [cece he | cate te nay lit pd ag
sewed Bist, OO D | cama Pent |S day pan thn ey
canada om: | adaptively aril with apc othe pd
.. qe tea
EA mr
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RE ©.
— i mt
lo 4 Contain the characters RIFF > Mr wih s
om scat pe
eu Erin
lo 4 Contains the characters WAVE" ur
la Variable The FORMAT chunk te
tact i ats
Tran | Se
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ce
re
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poo En O
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manta | nee
of target proceso. Thi one ofthe
‘ach air vaio fe pla
tack pod ner wide mage of pre
sor span aval
tan be tied ay
as tte and volume fr the wae ie
that played, Thus the Mardrare and
sofware emplement ech other 10 po.
‘idea pod mus player. The sofware
ie idee mon met
We hav presented simple sound card
only war Els wi bead ttle
contra. Though the eurent design
plays only mono fes (saco es are
vario t mono), aero fle player
a be deine ina sine manner The
rare can be modified to play sudo.
fee aber than wa fle witht any
‘ange inthe hariare crt. The em
(ing rat ofthe her ud le pes
(ie, mp0 is cy tbe known. With
Ut, ee fies cn o desde and ae
“gal Sh data an fille set tothe
Faránare dvs Th hardrare deve can
‘en be permanently one inde he
FO ital pane suppl (LV IV.
and EV) tapped from the sion
MPS
Note: The complete source cole cn
sisting of Mpleyerenp, Sounds,
Global, thee fle Mplayer
and à sample wove fle are ely lo be
neldel in nest mons CD (option
acempenvis BY
Program Listing
Fe o
ps
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ia
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ER
=
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seme od TE ceo par
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‘Sep PUA TO} Oe
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tan be tied ay
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sofware emplement ech other 10 po.
‘idea pod mus player. The sofware
ie idee mon met
We hav presented simple sound card
only war Els wi bead ttle
contra. Though the eurent design
plays only mono fes (saco es are
vario t mono), aero fle player
a be deine ina sine manner The
rare can be modified to play sudo.
fee aber than wa fle witht any
‘ange inthe hariare crt. The em
(ing rat ofthe her ud le pes
(ie, mp0 is cy tbe known. With
Ut, ee fies cn o desde and ae
“gal Sh data an fille set tothe
Faránare dvs Th hardrare deve can
‘en be permanently one inde he
FO ital pane suppl (LV IV.
and EV) tapped from the sion
MPS
Note: The complete source cole cn
sisting of Mpleyerenp, Sounds,
Global, thee fle Mplayer
and à sample wove fle are ely lo be
neldel in nest mons CD (option
acempenvis BY
Program Listing
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ps
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Hs
ER a ra
porte
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er
3
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eN
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‘eters LIGHTORA BLACK
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Ein
EEE em
ER
=
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FE
MEN tom
MENU RR
BEN MLAS matey
MENU Ii al
MAR MD
UP PAL:
seme od TE ceo par
RP a
AP Sel
NU Fiz Sega in,
‘Sep PUA TO} Oe
se Aeon
secre reo
EN TRETEN he
Fa
M IA AM PB
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MAR ET ES ICS
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ou or DORE
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eu OPERATION ai
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eu OPERATION ai
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CIRCUIT IDEAS
STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER 2.
PIYUSH P. TAILOR
tapper motor are widely used
where person and secure ae
the primary considerations ding
atone poning Micoprecesr er
mineures are fen employed er
Fra
(CD with ded outputs owed ere
as à seqens generator sitar tthe
rain ht ec. As we ned ol ur
pula the th put (pin 10 i oe
etd o the RESET pin Gin 181 The
‘aon terminal wo the ground. Now sve
{he let po reply BV) and dk
for caret sequence af the remain
three terminal, wing trial anderer
‘lind br the maximum six combi
naomi A ares sequence, the
anio wuld ae er door er
nico dict,
To u exter palos, singly
Ase pin 4 a COADIT from pin 8
FEDER and then connect external
(ck pales 1 pin 1 of CDOT. Each
controlling;
the operation
But it may mt
always be cn
ent er ne
tellers, as à
oul mato the
dist wane.
es
ke
Here is a
simple and ew
ie a sep
mor on fll
power for any
umber |
whole steps
‘The proent de
it intended
ve urine leper mar bat
‘ena ane mi robert
"The popular dede counter CDADIT
— 28288]
29288]
[Smepaiion On On OM ON
i a |
H tit
Tear puts cancion wit oar po
per rant, inion sha oer
Fate er Too get A poner,
sight does 8x INGLS) ar und. Truth
‘Table 1 dpi the balponer operation,
veo rath Table dept thal omer
open.
“Thea a oxinwre C2 (CDA)
vs to ends
1. The ie threagh NOT gee
allows the se of pp power rana
LA x BDIAD, which make poe to
‘ound the common Leino he mo.
{This afl in many alt
2 sto uned inverter pas Qi
and N2) ao handy lo un a ek gn-
‘rata, incon with pret VR and
capaci CL. Varying the preset lem
the change in dock eqn and hence
{he sped fe motor.
one oe at now the sequence of
soa tenn ob connected rm
al tve D fie eilt, then ft
mnt any 00 terminal of stor ter
na A ofthe eet and comet ca
ae drives be mole by ne sep, wich
‘ay nomal bo "or 36 schonen
{hola pate th moe.
Ty retro the diction of ratio,
one und Ira terials À with
Band with D simulta.
‘The ear of melo rial wes,
on i he gram, ao thse ef he
Seppe soe use in end drive a
AMD Boppy dik dive uni, pets
ca 12V with ae whieh ie sale
as used in is rta
‘Nat 1. Het may no be re
‘ued fer the poner transis.
2 Cart af the eit oss than
Reo,
Supply voltage fo the cei is
ga othe operating vago Do mo-
deco. and 1
(CREM mr =
Lun Rap of dt pulls nd
tho angular displacement in dees por
STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER 2.
PIYUSH P. TAILOR
tapper motor are widely used
where person and secure ae
the primary considerations ding
atone poning Micoprecesr er
mineures are fen employed er
Fra
(CD with ded outputs owed ere
as à seqens generator sitar tthe
rain ht ec. As we ned ol ur
pula the th put (pin 10 i oe
etd o the RESET pin Gin 181 The
‘aon terminal wo the ground. Now sve
{he let po reply BV) and dk
for caret sequence af the remain
three terminal, wing trial anderer
‘lind br the maximum six combi
naomi A ares sequence, the
anio wuld ae er door er
nico dict,
To u exter palos, singly
Ase pin 4 a COADIT from pin 8
FEDER and then connect external
(ck pales 1 pin 1 of CDOT. Each
controlling;
the operation
But it may mt
always be cn
ent er ne
tellers, as à
oul mato the
dist wane.
es
ke
Here is a
simple and ew
ie a sep
mor on fll
power for any
umber |
whole steps
‘The proent de
it intended
ve urine leper mar bat
‘ena ane mi robert
"The popular dede counter CDADIT
— 28288]
29288]
[Smepaiion On On OM ON
i a |
H tit
Tear puts cancion wit oar po
per rant, inion sha oer
Fate er Too get A poner,
sight does 8x INGLS) ar und. Truth
‘Table 1 dpi the balponer operation,
veo rath Table dept thal omer
open.
“Thea a oxinwre C2 (CDA)
vs to ends
1. The ie threagh NOT gee
allows the se of pp power rana
LA x BDIAD, which make poe to
‘ound the common Leino he mo.
{This afl in many alt
2 sto uned inverter pas Qi
and N2) ao handy lo un a ek gn-
‘rata, incon with pret VR and
capaci CL. Varying the preset lem
the change in dock eqn and hence
{he sped fe motor.
one oe at now the sequence of
soa tenn ob connected rm
al tve D fie eilt, then ft
mnt any 00 terminal of stor ter
na A ofthe eet and comet ca
ae drives be mole by ne sep, wich
‘ay nomal bo "or 36 schonen
{hola pate th moe.
Ty retro the diction of ratio,
one und Ira terials À with
Band with D simulta.
‘The ear of melo rial wes,
on i he gram, ao thse ef he
Seppe soe use in end drive a
AMD Boppy dik dive uni, pets
ca 12V with ae whieh ie sale
as used in is rta
‘Nat 1. Het may no be re
‘ued fer the poner transis.
2 Cart af the eit oss than
Reo,
Supply voltage fo the cei is
ga othe operating vago Do mo-
deco. and 1
(CREM mr =
Lun Rap of dt pulls nd
tho angular displacement in dees por
TACHOMETER
ADITYA U. RANE.
echter is tin bt simple
cielo digital transducer I
finds many aplctins in our
stipe is pasted on the rotin pat |
‘he machinery. The eed ght fen
the contesting stipe fl a the jane
cont à ital counter based
igi outer IC T4028. Wc ght
from any eure fs on junction of the
ind mats stat els. Ti
ut cnactd o pin 2 af NES
(ong sa notable) o rige.
"The up pul fr pin Sar co
acte 1 dk pin 1 1 CO. Hon,
On rota etry ale, cont o 16
TC incrementa y one. Pur ei
Ihe rein in a predetermined tine
Dero, a sopmtch may be wed Before
‘canting start, depress ret swith SI
bus hans
Auyday in.
Normal, a tahametr ie wd fr
measuring the spell ring shai,
(ar era ply A lap aerating
ie sensor malo o aerate ac
‘ate and deactivate depending upon
the de and width of the tape pated
‘nthe pl
rover | enna
LOL | tating part
os BEC
chine
JA | Hence
"oe he ouput
inthe
form “ot
sharp pas or evry eh
Po 2 Aoptcaten y
Apar rom counting the
rela moje
‘he cial can alo be un
som} Fr caning the cs m à
| eye et.
The base dal tacon
cer il cosita ef Im
ages Th Bt stgo
Simple monestable, wired
Around IC NESS, The rod
and rien it as men as counting is
at At the inant when conti lo
(nd ce shoal nabo idea ce
‘her the ser ale or mc 7 he
Bator ts be Gl ein eo:
Tao) ont display cera vil be
ee e cating per pan
tind In.
"The TACO in basically à Agi
unter made, whieh can count fom
0000 to is maximum poste vals of
‘808, Ivan be operated it Vc Bo
15 vo Here regala Sol soppy is
er A
ADITYA U. RANE.
echter is tin bt simple
cielo digital transducer I
finds many aplctins in our
stipe is pasted on the rotin pat |
‘he machinery. The eed ght fen
the contesting stipe fl a the jane
cont à ital counter based
igi outer IC T4028. Wc ght
from any eure fs on junction of the
ind mats stat els. Ti
ut cnactd o pin 2 af NES
(ong sa notable) o rige.
"The up pul fr pin Sar co
acte 1 dk pin 1 1 CO. Hon,
On rota etry ale, cont o 16
TC incrementa y one. Pur ei
Ihe rein in a predetermined tine
Dero, a sopmtch may be wed Before
‘canting start, depress ret swith SI
bus hans
Auyday in.
Normal, a tahametr ie wd fr
measuring the spell ring shai,
(ar era ply A lap aerating
ie sensor malo o aerate ac
‘ate and deactivate depending upon
the de and width of the tape pated
‘nthe pl
rover | enna
LOL | tating part
os BEC
chine
JA | Hence
"oe he ouput
inthe
form “ot
sharp pas or evry eh
Po 2 Aoptcaten y
Apar rom counting the
rela moje
‘he cial can alo be un
som} Fr caning the cs m à
| eye et.
The base dal tacon
cer il cosita ef Im
ages Th Bt stgo
Simple monestable, wired
Around IC NESS, The rod
and rien it as men as counting is
at At the inant when conti lo
(nd ce shoal nabo idea ce
‘her the ser ale or mc 7 he
Bator ts be Gl ein eo:
Tao) ont display cera vil be
ee e cating per pan
tind In.
"The TACO in basically à Agi
unter made, whieh can count fom
0000 to is maximum poste vals of
‘808, Ivan be operated it Vc Bo
15 vo Here regala Sol soppy is
er A
The chip TACOS pal its cay eat
cncusaumnen | | put (ina) igh when he canter reaches
15000. This atu can be suey und
Some oo || inch iris fr esting or emm
onmasma ae | | the deck input 100 He per send,
‘he cry eat wil be avala every
Fe 5e oreommsngaupe || minute However, here we ae ot ing
the carey outa
wed fr the ene creat, The eit | Thar ar firent verbo of it
shown In Fi 2 employs 750 regular. | eter medals dot plats.
‘This (ight ener an rend ne. | For example COL, std mot
Bd 10 many Cela such an coc. | sigan git pt ied by 6 rater
quan meer, dig vtr, chen. | than 10. Siar, in 74008, Ue mon
giant digit
he count of
2000, and ow
only when thee
fee em
pall ih
7 igs and 4
= show the applica
eal ‘one ofthe ee
one digital to
of, comes | meter. Base
olor Porción = fine In both
[o 5 poison Bee gon:
‘er (as espino hero, stop wath ce. |The important air Dat maxis
À rat auch conne banc pin | reed pt fe the entraning pe
and Ve ook fl onthe IR dec, Le 81
LIGHT-OPERATED LIGHT
SWITCH Se
PRADEEP G.
Sa] ssl equal to
ro | 02 The ser or
portant thing is
that cota
ing sie may be
air wth à
a Bianco) salope
pasted omit as
shorn in Fi 6
The 6 shows noter application
the same cel fr eating the objects
‘moving ore a eomveyer belt. The only
Serene Between aplication shown
Im Pi 3, 4 and 6 dati the fre
(no apli, ne equis ctra
ing aro, where ince of Fone
requires aight sure anda sensor md
tle which are kept onthe opa ies
de comer bl
‘When thre eno object nen the
oro (it) nd the enor mode ene
pta contin pale at he tt in
of mocos He NESS, But a mon
the objet on moving sone et ob
‘tracts th ight pth, he up of NESS
{pes Yow’ Sine output pin 8 of NEES ix
Seid tothe elk nat pin 12 of
TUCH he amber of eet gt rtd
min up 1 998 wing «single
CSD. A simple IR aho rei
Sawn ine?
"Te tal cot of fbn he
compete drat approximately Rs 250
frm the lap (ot rm th rc) ep
LDRS restan lon. So, the lamp re
mins tios One the amp ie
fo cn be sited ‘of? opin by in
erating height fling en LD, by
titer waving hand in fat af or bp
ers à learn, remato:
‘rll ste ith o
pr amp During dans,
he sane of LR the upto.
‘hn range: Thun, the tie des ot gt
{te divo ad hon des ot ond
"Wren LDR i tinted ty means
toc ear, he mean ef
IDR sue deceso (ow 10ib-
Ah) Thin cos the Erie end
mer sul to
(he cet fr a
RPC emplo
sed ere ean be
made by wining
rte
18500 wire
oran
and etch the amp. Lg ened
intend
cncusaumnen | | put (ina) igh when he canter reaches
15000. This atu can be suey und
Some oo || inch iris fr esting or emm
onmasma ae | | the deck input 100 He per send,
‘he cry eat wil be avala every
Fe 5e oreommsngaupe || minute However, here we ae ot ing
the carey outa
wed fr the ene creat, The eit | Thar ar firent verbo of it
shown In Fi 2 employs 750 regular. | eter medals dot plats.
‘This (ight ener an rend ne. | For example COL, std mot
Bd 10 many Cela such an coc. | sigan git pt ied by 6 rater
quan meer, dig vtr, chen. | than 10. Siar, in 74008, Ue mon
giant digit
he count of
2000, and ow
only when thee
fee em
pall ih
7 igs and 4
= show the applica
eal ‘one ofthe ee
one digital to
of, comes | meter. Base
olor Porción = fine In both
[o 5 poison Bee gon:
‘er (as espino hero, stop wath ce. |The important air Dat maxis
À rat auch conne banc pin | reed pt fe the entraning pe
and Ve ook fl onthe IR dec, Le 81
LIGHT-OPERATED LIGHT
SWITCH Se
PRADEEP G.
Sa] ssl equal to
ro | 02 The ser or
portant thing is
that cota
ing sie may be
air wth à
a Bianco) salope
pasted omit as
shorn in Fi 6
The 6 shows noter application
the same cel fr eating the objects
‘moving ore a eomveyer belt. The only
Serene Between aplication shown
Im Pi 3, 4 and 6 dati the fre
(no apli, ne equis ctra
ing aro, where ince of Fone
requires aight sure anda sensor md
tle which are kept onthe opa ies
de comer bl
‘When thre eno object nen the
oro (it) nd the enor mode ene
pta contin pale at he tt in
of mocos He NESS, But a mon
the objet on moving sone et ob
‘tracts th ight pth, he up of NESS
{pes Yow’ Sine output pin 8 of NEES ix
Seid tothe elk nat pin 12 of
TUCH he amber of eet gt rtd
min up 1 998 wing «single
CSD. A simple IR aho rei
Sawn ine?
"Te tal cot of fbn he
compete drat approximately Rs 250
frm the lap (ot rm th rc) ep
LDRS restan lon. So, the lamp re
mins tios One the amp ie
fo cn be sited ‘of? opin by in
erating height fling en LD, by
titer waving hand in fat af or bp
ers à learn, remato:
‘rll ste ith o
pr amp During dans,
he sane of LR the upto.
‘hn range: Thun, the tie des ot gt
{te divo ad hon des ot ond
"Wren LDR i tinted ty means
toc ear, he mean ef
IDR sue deceso (ow 10ib-
Ah) Thin cos the Erie end
mer sul to
(he cet fr a
RPC emplo
sed ere ean be
made by wining
rte
18500 wire
oran
and etch the amp. Lg ened
intend
PRECISION DIGITAL AC POWER
PRATAP CHANDRA SAHU
Ce and Trias are extensively
sed in modern dern pee
nr which ower u.
eld by means of hase ange varian
tf the conduction prod. Contraling the
‘has angle an be made single and easy
{test diferent ing ties omepnd.
ing to dee fring anges. Te Sgn
rn ere a pnchnnisl program.
La
Se
e vies the andes during one
empleo loo bo sinewave» 360)
Gn equal pr, ben Une period Tol
the wave wl be divido ne Metal
pa prt Thos became Bly ny
Wet the dent programmable un.
Ings emchensed with the AC maine
ave aso eng The man de
‘tag of meh an amangenen ta
ready mentioned eal, ba en the
ring ine ast be programed et
rot fring angle € 1 be med
that the mare pres te time, the more
precie wie the por being contrae.
this ere, the Une period of
rine waveform i ied in 20 el
parta So bee ia tine intel ma
een two concu spa The sae
ping vato de unie full-wae and
le cad om the ide brie the
Output of the power transformer The
Time i eet a every ze crating of
ful mare and e agai tan fo the
next dla ime, The arrangement hal
beine 1 bee fr every half mina
ave be pie halle mais
Waves start bling up to mer is
{Str that bal and lego oes
er ua ma and set again
fer negative hal, when the
ee al bein bal up
‘Te pros is pate. Her,
Instead owing two zr rue.
Ingcters—coe rech hal
‘ans var ige eee
teri sed to poro beth te
Fares, This pele be
‘ase the sampling mae for
eave listed bythe
rete did ridge
"The 18V AO fom power
runder eto te or
‘Sods In brid contigo,
‘toned by te ter copar
which e gain lowed by a
Bester vaa regul.
ter I LATE The vag a
‘ana ives the crete The
élevage à ote
fom the ler opa by à
de ad 1 1 zur did
DS, wich act a a epee
Fi Dita AC para conto
ip voltage one val
male ter which achive thi bee
"The flowing equation fra sinewave
shows ow fring ie and be pas ange
Ariel wech her:
Beer bot
Han, 81 the ande deserted ty a
nenas in tine € ned) wie Fe
he funy of sian in He Tie
peri T in scons) a a sinewave e
ult the mirala queno,
inte
‘Th above unn indicate Ut if
‘This olage is fel othe
ns rar Th wich i wind
Mar ring deter When Base
ge echos th theo eu.
lc thos supplies a marrow pd
tie ple whieh rset the timer a
ery zn ering
‘A 27 etal i wed to
get stable output of nearly
{Tet ott ques afer ve
stages of binary division by
an clar um dir IC ODIOS,
‘The 2765 Me etl ls used he:
cee i can do found in nun
PRATAP CHANDRA SAHU
Ce and Trias are extensively
sed in modern dern pee
nr which ower u.
eld by means of hase ange varian
tf the conduction prod. Contraling the
‘has angle an be made single and easy
{test diferent ing ties omepnd.
ing to dee fring anges. Te Sgn
rn ere a pnchnnisl program.
La
Se
e vies the andes during one
empleo loo bo sinewave» 360)
Gn equal pr, ben Une period Tol
the wave wl be divido ne Metal
pa prt Thos became Bly ny
Wet the dent programmable un.
Ings emchensed with the AC maine
ave aso eng The man de
‘tag of meh an amangenen ta
ready mentioned eal, ba en the
ring ine ast be programed et
rot fring angle € 1 be med
that the mare pres te time, the more
precie wie the por being contrae.
this ere, the Une period of
rine waveform i ied in 20 el
parta So bee ia tine intel ma
een two concu spa The sae
ping vato de unie full-wae and
le cad om the ide brie the
Output of the power transformer The
Time i eet a every ze crating of
ful mare and e agai tan fo the
next dla ime, The arrangement hal
beine 1 bee fr every half mina
ave be pie halle mais
Waves start bling up to mer is
{Str that bal and lego oes
er ua ma and set again
fer negative hal, when the
ee al bein bal up
‘Te pros is pate. Her,
Instead owing two zr rue.
Ingcters—coe rech hal
‘ans var ige eee
teri sed to poro beth te
Fares, This pele be
‘ase the sampling mae for
eave listed bythe
rete did ridge
"The 18V AO fom power
runder eto te or
‘Sods In brid contigo,
‘toned by te ter copar
which e gain lowed by a
Bester vaa regul.
ter I LATE The vag a
‘ana ives the crete The
élevage à ote
fom the ler opa by à
de ad 1 1 zur did
DS, wich act a a epee
Fi Dita AC para conto
ip voltage one val
male ter which achive thi bee
"The flowing equation fra sinewave
shows ow fring ie and be pas ange
Ariel wech her:
Beer bot
Han, 81 the ande deserted ty a
nenas in tine € ned) wie Fe
he funy of sian in He Tie
peri T in scons) a a sinewave e
ult the mirala queno,
inte
‘Th above unn indicate Ut if
‘This olage is fel othe
ns rar Th wich i wind
Mar ring deter When Base
ge echos th theo eu.
lc thos supplies a marrow pd
tie ple whieh rset the timer a
ery zn ering
‘A 27 etal i wed to
get stable output of nearly
{Tet ott ques afer ve
stages of binary division by
an clar um dir IC ODIOS,
‘The 2765 Me etl ls used he:
cee i can do found in nun
rte locks and is readily
E Arabien the market. Bate
a fa e cual ung à quad
AND 1C CD40 a ek ge
atras nin Pg, ist
& {erent prier eat ine
A intra roped. In dat eae,
DADO eater emo
Ford
Tre CDA017B cxanercum-
ome ‘decoder IC then divides this
Td signal it ten equal in.
a Lara wich ae programed
poa: sin the sineepal, Lay m
‘ary such. One the delayed put
LUGGAGE SECURITY SYSTEM
DHURJATI SINHA
le travelingbya train or bus
tne geal lok our gage
‘Sing acid cargo. | In lle mme, to power consumption of
mnt. But sill wo ao under tension, ap. | the cits minimum and thas ian be
Pehending that candy may ct tho | used fr hundred of ave oar
‘hain and eel our Waage Here à à | To enable generation of diferent
Simple cre to slr jou when
sches the desired ine interval th or
opening ep ef CDAD nibs he
Counter CDOT (apolar ich
‘nd did DO) and res the Trine. Tran
‘tr 12 bee ats adver trio
"Tao est pn of 017 in enone toro
crating dtc upto mut a
yt erasing. (The ad current wate
forms few postions ofthe may
teh as ebursed at EFY Lab, are
‘om In 8)
he ei can o wed as power om
rer in in equipment, tai en,
‘hie ige se AC me, baer
ler sounds, connections to pin 1 ad 6
‘aay be made spr the abe
med eat tbe cain
"Transito Tenable sappy to
the sound generar hp be be
ase creat stat wing eva
i When the wire (hin ena
cope wi of 20 40 SG, sed
for winding transformers) loop
arado Gain sra y one.
Bed, the base of transitar TL,
which was carr ted to postive
ral geo opone An ars
E Arabien the market. Bate
a fa e cual ung à quad
AND 1C CD40 a ek ge
atras nin Pg, ist
& {erent prier eat ine
A intra roped. In dat eae,
DADO eater emo
Ford
Tre CDA017B cxanercum-
ome ‘decoder IC then divides this
Td signal it ten equal in.
a Lara wich ae programed
poa: sin the sineepal, Lay m
‘ary such. One the delayed put
LUGGAGE SECURITY SYSTEM
DHURJATI SINHA
le travelingbya train or bus
tne geal lok our gage
‘Sing acid cargo. | In lle mme, to power consumption of
mnt. But sill wo ao under tension, ap. | the cits minimum and thas ian be
Pehending that candy may ct tho | used fr hundred of ave oar
‘hain and eel our Waage Here à à | To enable generation of diferent
Simple cre to slr jou when
sches the desired ine interval th or
opening ep ef CDAD nibs he
Counter CDOT (apolar ich
‘nd did DO) and res the Trine. Tran
‘tr 12 bee ats adver trio
"Tao est pn of 017 in enone toro
crating dtc upto mut a
yt erasing. (The ad current wate
forms few postions ofthe may
teh as ebursed at EFY Lab, are
‘om In 8)
he ei can o wed as power om
rer in in equipment, tai en,
‘hie ige se AC me, baer
ler sounds, connections to pin 1 ad 6
‘aay be made spr the abe
med eat tbe cain
"Transito Tenable sappy to
the sound generar hp be be
ase creat stat wing eva
i When the wire (hin ena
cope wi of 20 40 SG, sed
for winding transformers) loop
arado Gain sra y one.
Bed, the base of transitar TL,
which was carr ted to postive
ral geo opone An ars
2000
PORTABLE OZONE GENERATOR
envases mri (SS =
T: atico in diated tothe
grd hell of EFY reader in
{he year 2000 and yond. ede
scribes an enone generator fo orale
{and porte) we
One as ie wow-adays used fer
retiment drinking water, din:
(on, and airgun. Mat ae re
(irn ia mal und handy un to be
ogg into maine 1 ge costed
tattle prewar ving et fm à
{be Tt xn then be I inte envionment
buble though water ar any eee
‘tle laid’ But the galga mu be
‘Completely safe to werk wit
one generators invariably make
te o dich tube o whith high
‘ete eld apli sat to break
{onthe oxygen present in the ale. Tie
‘henomenon secar a or near a Feld
Are of 25 Vin, and the reali
(charge that as plan kom os
ar The corona Bu a ht Bich
I ein the corn el that ey
a inomes roo (00.
"One ha ene o str ac o
toi frm in abt 1020 mit,
in te atmosphere. Tore it ie mc
sry in ny coe api fo gore
tts coe à and when mid fr me
Sine it cnn be hep stored the way
borne 6 stars (in esinders) Che.
os ri
de to die drake
in ler spay. is
ce] Nei ec he
ine estat wh rem.
anal potes in
oda ver
ar carcinguie. That why, ue ls
ol today in prebrne 1 heine.
‘Complete disinfection of water, in
ny impuro form, i realised with an
anne Conta of à ge. Ozone gem
(rer presented hero has à oc A
produc 10 meine of ozone com
‘ind with atmosphere sir This unit
an wet fe Bee impur wate Ia
"The dictar tbe i spp air
frm an sg, which ball atthe
tun The un pres said ai at a
proue head o 1620 on of water it
Fut S the ext ee can dele ito
‘ater centers with water up to rel
“Another advantage ofthis unit I
hati sight in weight ese than a
ope) and cares er io cor
tel ad a mamie above the
‘ne concentrate. Temps a high
age of oer 5 HV at à ih quen
SLI Mie to 20 Hi, whch woud nt
‘ea hal sec. Shock vola re
tot eae a lethal shock Sik vage
fre nt dangerous a thse high roque
‘while at 5 He the high vlogs
fe quo danger
Commercial one gneatrs make
ue of mans She frquene and are
thus very dangerous while anis
Entre cae is required o be er
o the se whe dan any pr
Tem with sch apparatus. Oro gate.
tera the higher frequen sed here
envases mri (SS =
T: atico in diated tothe
grd hell of EFY reader in
{he year 2000 and yond. ede
scribes an enone generator fo orale
{and porte) we
One as ie wow-adays used fer
retiment drinking water, din:
(on, and airgun. Mat ae re
(irn ia mal und handy un to be
ogg into maine 1 ge costed
tattle prewar ving et fm à
{be Tt xn then be I inte envionment
buble though water ar any eee
‘tle laid’ But the galga mu be
‘Completely safe to werk wit
one generators invariably make
te o dich tube o whith high
‘ete eld apli sat to break
{onthe oxygen present in the ale. Tie
‘henomenon secar a or near a Feld
Are of 25 Vin, and the reali
(charge that as plan kom os
ar The corona Bu a ht Bich
I ein the corn el that ey
a inomes roo (00.
"One ha ene o str ac o
toi frm in abt 1020 mit,
in te atmosphere. Tore it ie mc
sry in ny coe api fo gore
tts coe à and when mid fr me
Sine it cnn be hep stored the way
borne 6 stars (in esinders) Che.
os ri
de to die drake
in ler spay. is
ce] Nei ec he
ine estat wh rem.
anal potes in
oda ver
ar carcinguie. That why, ue ls
ol today in prebrne 1 heine.
‘Complete disinfection of water, in
ny impuro form, i realised with an
anne Conta of à ge. Ozone gem
(rer presented hero has à oc A
produc 10 meine of ozone com
‘ind with atmosphere sir This unit
an wet fe Bee impur wate Ia
"The dictar tbe i spp air
frm an sg, which ball atthe
tun The un pres said ai at a
proue head o 1620 on of water it
Fut S the ext ee can dele ito
‘ater centers with water up to rel
“Another advantage ofthis unit I
hati sight in weight ese than a
ope) and cares er io cor
tel ad a mamie above the
‘ne concentrate. Temps a high
age of oer 5 HV at à ih quen
SLI Mie to 20 Hi, whch woud nt
‘ea hal sec. Shock vola re
tot eae a lethal shock Sik vage
fre nt dangerous a thse high roque
‘while at 5 He the high vlogs
fe quo danger
Commercial one gneatrs make
ue of mans She frquene and are
thus very dangerous while anis
Entre cae is required o be er
o the se whe dan any pr
Tem with sch apparatus. Oro gate.
tera the higher frequen sed here
a more ef and sent init di
charg. One can cal semi this po.
{able ozone generator in a plate
endo (ed fr torino led,
thc i ll nsultedwäh no exposed
‘eal par) Te ot of making ple
‘ite much ls han Ra 100.
"These pump seda he protean
«gui pump which us ihn Re
100,Thispump works en mins and has.
SD vaa ach o arbi Bel
lows at provides a puting alrows
that provides a putin im. This ar
ons gh the linia puc ad
hong tbe as shown in Fig Th
‘hag ube ote ies cna
"The cet at shown in 2 genes
ae a contre high toquen AC vel
‘geo above SEV. The cei has bre
(Seige meh that al components med
In the cet are sona! and ely
stable fom TV spares sopa
"The necia, cie PCB ay:
out for the complete circuit and ie
component aout are shown in Figs 3
and 4 recia. The entre amenbly
‘the unica he air pump, die
argo ab, ia ad and he fs
Can be comfortably ted within th
renden, as shown In Fig8 Baas of
(hi compact pockaging insta
arme hich enel hy) sem.
‘eyed. The uni sul not be toed
ae is acen in the redox, me
‘oul its Bd be opened afer pains
{at the mains,
‘Lab nee. Daring prota! ting
ofthe scat at PY Lah an too.
{omer for sping don the main tal
at aout OV AC hd to e dl
old bla of exceso high wae.
gerer than 90 AV pak. At AC in
put ola grater than 1607 (RMS)
Wrerhig of reso (arlk comb
nation of restr RUS ond RIO in se
is withthe primary of BUT winding
GoNsTRUGTION
tea lo nt
Pulse generator. À simple ale on
atar realised sing vo CMOS int.
(ated cria The CDA069 is a hex
full, whe CDADI a qud NAND
ie vo a the 4069 gatos ar u to
rate 1520 Ke pales. The le.
(ey hi ella an De var by
Josi: pes Ven the tard.
The with a Un pale ca aio be ad.
tel ing pret VE, bat at
latón. The 3309F
hero charges during one-half cycle
through the 110 rosso R3 and
the Iikloohm wid sing variable
‘tr VEZ During the ter bale
cer CL charges reg 10 ri
{oe RZ and the adjustable quen pre.
St VRE. Dies DI und D2 dirt
Bee the two hall gl.
"Note In Fig 2 the ine joining esis
tor RI to DI, D2 and the DOM ca
cor Cl repentant al ads
capacitor C2, ind a the SF od
Inthe former alter. The Ik prime
VIA inthe itis for wone output
conte, This conte ie Bras a
‘Shown in Fig 8 fr lg varyiag the
one ouput. This contra is bought
ata chen in Pi 8 for gh vary
Ing the coe cut This and os
lar works a rond 2 Ale Therefore
sth the cat of the two oltre
ae combined ig the NAND gate NE
E CDI UCA) and inverted by gate
a, oe ges à malted stp of ih
td low eguensen Such an exa
the charge tbe as bee fund to
be sry ein ad le bt godin
compare toa pin highdreqeney
e apli Yun encon.
“Te opa pla tin fom pin of
the CDADIT gate NT, hide ofthe
same polarity afer acond iverson
(Gt inves thes pace lo gate NO)
Js sent though the pao complemen
tary and TI and 12 NEE and
202007, respective. These to baie
the signal Dr ring adequate caring
current to dv the gate cpactanee of
MOSFETs during the leading ges of
the sure ae
‘The Lim restr RL and si
in ide DO (NGI rene to pr.
‘ent any negative signal input ot the
omer MOSFET IRESAD gate, The power
[MOSFET à oon to acemode ce
alt parti. ks hee V el
ter 708 in T0200 pacha, with which
‘vere is familiar Tt noch a small
‘lumii esti
“Tedrainol he MOSFET comte
in serca with à 3:0hm, wait
‘weenund resto replaced by EFY Lab
with 2x am, DW estore RIB and
Uo pr, e es eee
rary winding dl ho fr ere
tne capilar (LOT al e
fered to as ENT tautomer, Switching
ide BAIS al placed in series with
tho primary, as sho in Fig 2 The up.
Blythe ec DC von, which à
derived form the mane vage dreh.
‘Daring testing a EFY Lab the mains
age mas spp down o 10V AC at
sent care) An RC seis network
spring SÓ (00V rating) capaci
{er C8 ad 00h LOW restr 12
Placed ars rain rina ie
MOSFET. The sooree terminal of the
[MOSFET is det grand.
‘Lovecoltage supply. The 10s 4069
‘ugh the see ing reir of 8
hm IW ones at FY Lab, 10
Lb, LOW rear RS cad a cur
reo via DATA, N pester capaci
(placed at EFY Lab ih no such ar
pactar CA and CS n gral and dde
DS ts change 100 eapacar 0 during
peste hal ode: Zner dod D, with
2 ho alge of 12, inte he
ge ems capa 6 1 1V. Dile
DO provides an ay path during ga
tine aie ae AC np. The table
12V DO supply developed ere apa
La CBs wed o the ICs ad nains
AXEL ad ann.
Ferrtecore transformer. Te fr
io coe Mani u here ithe
Summen available B&W television
mer, un as LOT lie apa
unser). ATZOTO type sed int he
charg. One can cal semi this po.
{able ozone generator in a plate
endo (ed fr torino led,
thc i ll nsultedwäh no exposed
‘eal par) Te ot of making ple
‘ite much ls han Ra 100.
"These pump seda he protean
«gui pump which us ihn Re
100,Thispump works en mins and has.
SD vaa ach o arbi Bel
lows at provides a puting alrows
that provides a putin im. This ar
ons gh the linia puc ad
hong tbe as shown in Fig Th
‘hag ube ote ies cna
"The cet at shown in 2 genes
ae a contre high toquen AC vel
‘geo above SEV. The cei has bre
(Seige meh that al components med
In the cet are sona! and ely
stable fom TV spares sopa
"The necia, cie PCB ay:
out for the complete circuit and ie
component aout are shown in Figs 3
and 4 recia. The entre amenbly
‘the unica he air pump, die
argo ab, ia ad and he fs
Can be comfortably ted within th
renden, as shown In Fig8 Baas of
(hi compact pockaging insta
arme hich enel hy) sem.
‘eyed. The uni sul not be toed
ae is acen in the redox, me
‘oul its Bd be opened afer pains
{at the mains,
‘Lab nee. Daring prota! ting
ofthe scat at PY Lah an too.
{omer for sping don the main tal
at aout OV AC hd to e dl
old bla of exceso high wae.
gerer than 90 AV pak. At AC in
put ola grater than 1607 (RMS)
Wrerhig of reso (arlk comb
nation of restr RUS ond RIO in se
is withthe primary of BUT winding
GoNsTRUGTION
tea lo nt
Pulse generator. À simple ale on
atar realised sing vo CMOS int.
(ated cria The CDA069 is a hex
full, whe CDADI a qud NAND
ie vo a the 4069 gatos ar u to
rate 1520 Ke pales. The le.
(ey hi ella an De var by
Josi: pes Ven the tard.
The with a Un pale ca aio be ad.
tel ing pret VE, bat at
latón. The 3309F
hero charges during one-half cycle
through the 110 rosso R3 and
the Iikloohm wid sing variable
‘tr VEZ During the ter bale
cer CL charges reg 10 ri
{oe RZ and the adjustable quen pre.
St VRE. Dies DI und D2 dirt
Bee the two hall gl.
"Note In Fig 2 the ine joining esis
tor RI to DI, D2 and the DOM ca
cor Cl repentant al ads
capacitor C2, ind a the SF od
Inthe former alter. The Ik prime
VIA inthe itis for wone output
conte, This conte ie Bras a
‘Shown in Fig 8 fr lg varyiag the
one ouput. This contra is bought
ata chen in Pi 8 for gh vary
Ing the coe cut This and os
lar works a rond 2 Ale Therefore
sth the cat of the two oltre
ae combined ig the NAND gate NE
E CDI UCA) and inverted by gate
a, oe ges à malted stp of ih
td low eguensen Such an exa
the charge tbe as bee fund to
be sry ein ad le bt godin
compare toa pin highdreqeney
e apli Yun encon.
“Te opa pla tin fom pin of
the CDADIT gate NT, hide ofthe
same polarity afer acond iverson
(Gt inves thes pace lo gate NO)
Js sent though the pao complemen
tary and TI and 12 NEE and
202007, respective. These to baie
the signal Dr ring adequate caring
current to dv the gate cpactanee of
MOSFETs during the leading ges of
the sure ae
‘The Lim restr RL and si
in ide DO (NGI rene to pr.
‘ent any negative signal input ot the
omer MOSFET IRESAD gate, The power
[MOSFET à oon to acemode ce
alt parti. ks hee V el
ter 708 in T0200 pacha, with which
‘vere is familiar Tt noch a small
‘lumii esti
“Tedrainol he MOSFET comte
in serca with à 3:0hm, wait
‘weenund resto replaced by EFY Lab
with 2x am, DW estore RIB and
Uo pr, e es eee
rary winding dl ho fr ere
tne capilar (LOT al e
fered to as ENT tautomer, Switching
ide BAIS al placed in series with
tho primary, as sho in Fig 2 The up.
Blythe ec DC von, which à
derived form the mane vage dreh.
‘Daring testing a EFY Lab the mains
age mas spp down o 10V AC at
sent care) An RC seis network
spring SÓ (00V rating) capaci
{er C8 ad 00h LOW restr 12
Placed ars rain rina ie
MOSFET. The sooree terminal of the
[MOSFET is det grand.
‘Lovecoltage supply. The 10s 4069
‘ugh the see ing reir of 8
hm IW ones at FY Lab, 10
Lb, LOW rear RS cad a cur
reo via DATA, N pester capaci
(placed at EFY Lab ih no such ar
pactar CA and CS n gral and dde
DS ts change 100 eapacar 0 during
peste hal ode: Zner dod D, with
2 ho alge of 12, inte he
ge ems capa 6 1 1V. Dile
DO provides an ay path during ga
tine aie ae AC np. The table
12V DO supply developed ere apa
La CBs wed o the ICs ad nains
AXEL ad ann.
Ferrtecore transformer. Te fr
io coe Mani u here ithe
Summen available B&W television
mer, un as LOT lie apa
unser). ATZOTO type sed int he
eut has a hphlage winding for
‘he HHT ofthe pie tue. This EMT à
crc to the ltd (
Fal tthe cone die u.
"The LOT used shold de Sein
‘ype the ige wining should
en the LA ib ofthe fit cr, and
the EAT winding (inary and snd
ar shih i generally epoxy pt on
the wight nb The LOT souls have an
‘enteral ET dade and mt an inter
all wind ENT doe si eon in
‘lor Werken LOT.
he rouen bo:
ing that ely AC wage ended her.
Farther ts cerry to remove ay
‘pling es th tro mb, whieh
tony be pos in he LOT windings À
Seen fom th et in othe ight
Fin lso Ines the ntl coe
planto eat presented her that
‘ruling lade o overcurrent in the
schrge te sparking
{here damaging the IRFSCD isan
les therefore near 1 cut of the
‘net inking the to i windings
Feos installation, Preferably, a 100.
hm, 20 reso may be wie in he
place ofthis cu, an improved pro.
race a roe errata eid
“Lab moe. Dann testing of FY
Lab, trames stamped as LOT 2070
One fom the markt vas und to
De ing mbr ad ould generate bot
[HAV pea vage a OV AC inp
‘Terre à deb ind Luder brand
tranlrmor 208 was prcured and wed
Mer renova the end TV2D ree
for ile, in a manner euch as de.
set y he authors This name
‘ould pode aot SURV pak ith AC
Input of 120V. The corona dicharge
toss ENT sonder
With an agp upto 125 a At nly
UV AC put tothe ei, 1p spe
‘et war measured ing o meter
Ing eat decried ba
The metering erell Pig. 5. Tis
“mpegs simple bee 100uA meer
Shed Wie fo au smi:
And à ely avale, Ber he eg
mounting peer the pi ype may be
wel he à
‘dear font
plate cae of
Free
plastic box,
srt atte
sal ct made ite be with del and
fet sa
The meter has a ap whch an be
coy removed and rplaed, a He
{ug fc Renova of the meer top ee
pose the meters, whi ean de re
‘awa in pr eet ef ar Où.
‘he meter shows the henge co
rent toa the anne generating tbe
The carl ade of the charge tube
(aluminium tue) i connected through
{let IW retort rond The
BAT wii cac ot trade
{ais bin tap a the ls ae
‘The Loch rte Aal a vol
age in approximate proportion 1 the
‘ne that weal have been generate
À serios combination of 47led-obm
rosso and a dade INA0O1) supply
‘cent tthe meter cl
LED indicator (Fig. 6) The indico
ter LED en pal ea caret tag
‘ting tm wound o the pli fhe
fete tran, The coment eme
fed y a ING dilo ad ered by
AP, 1V capaci wich pps tbe
(urn though Hahn seis resis
te tothe LBD. The ging le LED
indicas that the set orne
Tab, Note At EPY Lab sou eight
ture of ted wie ard ep
LOT were ud.
‘AC input. Te AC mains up is
at POV AC and has fee 500 ma la
‘eee, A sich can te ind in see
‘ith the same, though the ame à ot
“own in the cat re (Phase aie
ut a EPV, EV AC input was wed as
men caer)
Testing
Prior a operation ofthe cet Board
for sone generation, it requed to
tet the cet propery. This can be
Pre
1. Te lag ple generation
part has to be tse rt Por thi in
Pico ofthe madrid Lao up.
Pi separate 12 supply derived sing
an ermal 120-12 yo Lamp tan
fener anda 7812 alg elt cn
‘ras Th oo oltre ld av
fares in the speed range and
the pee thal be sl a adj Den
(er the range mentioned. Ori,
sight era of reir valo may
o ncled The SHOP capacitar wed
shouldbe al gu eerie or pasar
Age, a rang a UV or mee,
her CDS heer
ESN; Blot ead Stop
oo pa
nn Sn,
[cmo =
ss iz
E
me
In Be”
Sa
aCe in
aii ie
Se sr aS
Sek cel e
Da a
‘he HHT ofthe pie tue. This EMT à
crc to the ltd (
Fal tthe cone die u.
"The LOT used shold de Sein
‘ype the ige wining should
en the LA ib ofthe fit cr, and
the EAT winding (inary and snd
ar shih i generally epoxy pt on
the wight nb The LOT souls have an
‘enteral ET dade and mt an inter
all wind ENT doe si eon in
‘lor Werken LOT.
he rouen bo:
ing that ely AC wage ended her.
Farther ts cerry to remove ay
‘pling es th tro mb, whieh
tony be pos in he LOT windings À
Seen fom th et in othe ight
Fin lso Ines the ntl coe
planto eat presented her that
‘ruling lade o overcurrent in the
schrge te sparking
{here damaging the IRFSCD isan
les therefore near 1 cut of the
‘net inking the to i windings
Feos installation, Preferably, a 100.
hm, 20 reso may be wie in he
place ofthis cu, an improved pro.
race a roe errata eid
“Lab moe. Dann testing of FY
Lab, trames stamped as LOT 2070
One fom the markt vas und to
De ing mbr ad ould generate bot
[HAV pea vage a OV AC inp
‘Terre à deb ind Luder brand
tranlrmor 208 was prcured and wed
Mer renova the end TV2D ree
for ile, in a manner euch as de.
set y he authors This name
‘ould pode aot SURV pak ith AC
Input of 120V. The corona dicharge
toss ENT sonder
With an agp upto 125 a At nly
UV AC put tothe ei, 1p spe
‘et war measured ing o meter
Ing eat decried ba
The metering erell Pig. 5. Tis
“mpegs simple bee 100uA meer
Shed Wie fo au smi:
And à ely avale, Ber he eg
mounting peer the pi ype may be
wel he à
‘dear font
plate cae of
Free
plastic box,
srt atte
sal ct made ite be with del and
fet sa
The meter has a ap whch an be
coy removed and rplaed, a He
{ug fc Renova of the meer top ee
pose the meters, whi ean de re
‘awa in pr eet ef ar Où.
‘he meter shows the henge co
rent toa the anne generating tbe
The carl ade of the charge tube
(aluminium tue) i connected through
{let IW retort rond The
BAT wii cac ot trade
{ais bin tap a the ls ae
‘The Loch rte Aal a vol
age in approximate proportion 1 the
‘ne that weal have been generate
À serios combination of 47led-obm
rosso and a dade INA0O1) supply
‘cent tthe meter cl
LED indicator (Fig. 6) The indico
ter LED en pal ea caret tag
‘ting tm wound o the pli fhe
fete tran, The coment eme
fed y a ING dilo ad ered by
AP, 1V capaci wich pps tbe
(urn though Hahn seis resis
te tothe LBD. The ging le LED
indicas that the set orne
Tab, Note At EPY Lab sou eight
ture of ted wie ard ep
LOT were ud.
‘AC input. Te AC mains up is
at POV AC and has fee 500 ma la
‘eee, A sich can te ind in see
‘ith the same, though the ame à ot
“own in the cat re (Phase aie
ut a EPV, EV AC input was wed as
men caer)
Testing
Prior a operation ofthe cet Board
for sone generation, it requed to
tet the cet propery. This can be
Pre
1. Te lag ple generation
part has to be tse rt Por thi in
Pico ofthe madrid Lao up.
Pi separate 12 supply derived sing
an ermal 120-12 yo Lamp tan
fener anda 7812 alg elt cn
‘ras Th oo oltre ld av
fares in the speed range and
the pee thal be sl a adj Den
(er the range mentioned. Ori,
sight era of reir valo may
o ncled The SHOP capacitar wed
shouldbe al gu eerie or pasar
Age, a rang a UV or mee,
her CDS heer
ESN; Blot ead Stop
oo pa
nn Sn,
[cmo =
ss iz
E
me
In Be”
Sa
aCe in
aii ie
Se sr aS
Sek cel e
Da a
GoNsTRUGTION
fhe LOT winding in cof the mins | RI, rated 10, gt ret if voltage | rated vera gas ber to sf the
oca 2007 DC, as sown in Pig. 2 | was Ines Bet 160 Y AC. ‘nde ofthe be
For testing. on i not required to use |" Construction ofthe discharge ube | chanfered an 6
20V die ata The sam in Pig. 2 | ig. 7 Asilo mtb o struct | ta, at cu, he plas ab fi the
For Lang oo ot regule 10 use | ing the dchage ubeis pre he, | meta) te win no gap. SU, the glas
20V imei at all Te same 1V, or | wich scale for an hai. An | tuto should bo abe ta lid mer the
‘he unreulited 12V prior lo the 7812 | aluminium tube am length and abt | aluminium da.
past an be sec. In Fg 2, | Jm diameter ia taken. Antenna scrap | Mer de ss tb i sepais
{he BAIG® ande i shown connected io | tab canbe und, provided the same does | over the metal tbe, the ende of the
{he maine rected supply atthe pa | ot aro Aika, end, or Bure Pig 7 | gla tbe are lapel wing Talon topa.
{ie terminal ofthe 100, 400V eer. | stows the ems ofthe dshage | The tbe sal, withthe las ee
oi capo. Bt forthe present cn: | ta. This aluminium tbe i che en | lope tape is hl a its ae, leaving
‘ct the unregulated 12V may be 10V | th nde with sal amount Mal | abot 15 cm fee at either end, and
rally mar) to the cet atthe | compounds that o ar cn pss di | clamped oo mal the plastic x, os
mode o BAS reco thugh ite mile be ‘own in Fig 8. Clamps meant TV
4 Mer switching an the supl. |” Mal cmc ino pack fo part. | antennae, which are made of plastic
ere the age on the ENT wid: | The sealing compound ix prepared
ing, wich mes rr the LOT, en à DC | and when gai aking qua
mime ke at simi range | ties ofthe two and mixing them
(Gay, 60 of 1.000V DO). The meter | gebe vos One the compounds | greater than 6000 vhs Is applied at
soul show a deletion of above SONY. | ack und he ther if crear clar. | high fore, is made by day wre
5. The pr in the ret can be | The tn ao ken, coch ab 1, and | ping plain alum (ll aaund the
ld o tuno th frio tan, | then mixed wl This mue ise | tr sde of the gas tube Te ls
fortis vlage 1 be a maximum. Then, | into the tbe witha peel and spread o | wrapped having 1 em uneweedarn on
‘tht the Ko te potentiometer VES | tatoo id wall o ali | ether nds ofthe tae. The fl it be
0 tat it wows the puy of var | tae, Woking any ai path. Then, two | taped fr Les onthe eter gas,
ing the voltage aver a limited range, | side hls of nun dametr ar mado cn | ung ee tp, and pee of Ten:
shove a treed va, {he tate atthe two end, aout 33 em | insulted wire connected to the al
5. Now the 1 transtrmer supply nium fl brought ot. This wie ix
canbe ine The 12V Image med othe EMT lend ram the LOT
generation part hat toe separately he et Boar
Heid, Por ha remove the connection o ‘Assembling the unit. The vit i
the LOT fom the MOSFET. Aso remove ‘ne 1 smile. Fi, the cet bard
{he CMOS Cs fr sect Theo he À fed on the ht ofthe tox wth
POD, one can ay check fr zene vol plas bashes and sevens. Icons are
‘age RN. I this vla ess than 12 Pot nude externally to bases can be
‘ols, adj the valve of 82am seis | e an, gl to of 15 mm inner | pasted on tthe ber. Ten, mp are
‘ester to lee val sy, Sc. | dame eld be ud. This wile | Bed fr dcha tbe Pubs tabs
‘Lah note. At EY, thi par ofthe | sue the bes pertrmance with an ir | (ransparent plate) are fied tothe
roi has bon mad, and pa: | pot 5 mm aan Ihe opie 0 | lam tbe code
[ble to get correct 12V output at AC | mm, it i ltr but then toe metal | A the btm of bo, the air pump
np lage of 120 vols. Only te mod | tab shoul be extremely perfect. | with its ater patie casing removed,
fed ee inde Pg 2 "The gls tae i ct such that it | Bred to the ttt wih a seem. The
“The cut wil early work even | covers the length do aluminium ae, | inside a the dapragm pump is dun
200 ol main, but ot flow that | exept for abot LS cm at ach end | in Fi. 8 The ening of the pump mot
‘The mains input can go up o 240 bu | Tha u em lng aluminium tube is | needed fr two reason: to save space
‘mre, take, the tb wl be 17 em lng. | edd fring i within the red a,
Lab note During esting twas cb | The metal tae should be able to o | and bo at par de now ee
served hat fosible resistors RIO and | ly in it Now, dhe gls abe muy be | A al plat bet i aed y apli
soe rat to
the wenig a
tr ati
‘Spl fn fr tbe
fee The ion
supply in cam
rected to the
PCB in parallel
vith the supply
to the arpa.
fhe LOT winding in cof the mins | RI, rated 10, gt ret if voltage | rated vera gas ber to sf the
oca 2007 DC, as sown in Pig. 2 | was Ines Bet 160 Y AC. ‘nde ofthe be
For testing. on i not required to use |" Construction ofthe discharge ube | chanfered an 6
20V die ata The sam in Pig. 2 | ig. 7 Asilo mtb o struct | ta, at cu, he plas ab fi the
For Lang oo ot regule 10 use | ing the dchage ubeis pre he, | meta) te win no gap. SU, the glas
20V imei at all Te same 1V, or | wich scale for an hai. An | tuto should bo abe ta lid mer the
‘he unreulited 12V prior lo the 7812 | aluminium tube am length and abt | aluminium da.
past an be sec. In Fg 2, | Jm diameter ia taken. Antenna scrap | Mer de ss tb i sepais
{he BAIG® ande i shown connected io | tab canbe und, provided the same does | over the metal tbe, the ende of the
{he maine rected supply atthe pa | ot aro Aika, end, or Bure Pig 7 | gla tbe are lapel wing Talon topa.
{ie terminal ofthe 100, 400V eer. | stows the ems ofthe dshage | The tbe sal, withthe las ee
oi capo. Bt forthe present cn: | ta. This aluminium tbe i che en | lope tape is hl a its ae, leaving
‘ct the unregulated 12V may be 10V | th nde with sal amount Mal | abot 15 cm fee at either end, and
rally mar) to the cet atthe | compounds that o ar cn pss di | clamped oo mal the plastic x, os
mode o BAS reco thugh ite mile be ‘own in Fig 8. Clamps meant TV
4 Mer switching an the supl. |” Mal cmc ino pack fo part. | antennae, which are made of plastic
ere the age on the ENT wid: | The sealing compound ix prepared
ing, wich mes rr the LOT, en à DC | and when gai aking qua
mime ke at simi range | ties ofthe two and mixing them
(Gay, 60 of 1.000V DO). The meter | gebe vos One the compounds | greater than 6000 vhs Is applied at
soul show a deletion of above SONY. | ack und he ther if crear clar. | high fore, is made by day wre
5. The pr in the ret can be | The tn ao ken, coch ab 1, and | ping plain alum (ll aaund the
ld o tuno th frio tan, | then mixed wl This mue ise | tr sde of the gas tube Te ls
fortis vlage 1 be a maximum. Then, | into the tbe witha peel and spread o | wrapped having 1 em uneweedarn on
‘tht the Ko te potentiometer VES | tatoo id wall o ali | ether nds ofthe tae. The fl it be
0 tat it wows the puy of var | tae, Woking any ai path. Then, two | taped fr Les onthe eter gas,
ing the voltage aver a limited range, | side hls of nun dametr ar mado cn | ung ee tp, and pee of Ten:
shove a treed va, {he tate atthe two end, aout 33 em | insulted wire connected to the al
5. Now the 1 transtrmer supply nium fl brought ot. This wie ix
canbe ine The 12V Image med othe EMT lend ram the LOT
generation part hat toe separately he et Boar
Heid, Por ha remove the connection o ‘Assembling the unit. The vit i
the LOT fom the MOSFET. Aso remove ‘ne 1 smile. Fi, the cet bard
{he CMOS Cs fr sect Theo he À fed on the ht ofthe tox wth
POD, one can ay check fr zene vol plas bashes and sevens. Icons are
‘age RN. I this vla ess than 12 Pot nude externally to bases can be
‘ols, adj the valve of 82am seis | e an, gl to of 15 mm inner | pasted on tthe ber. Ten, mp are
‘ester to lee val sy, Sc. | dame eld be ud. This wile | Bed fr dcha tbe Pubs tabs
‘Lah note. At EY, thi par ofthe | sue the bes pertrmance with an ir | (ransparent plate) are fied tothe
roi has bon mad, and pa: | pot 5 mm aan Ihe opie 0 | lam tbe code
[ble to get correct 12V output at AC | mm, it i ltr but then toe metal | A the btm of bo, the air pump
np lage of 120 vols. Only te mod | tab shoul be extremely perfect. | with its ater patie casing removed,
fed ee inde Pg 2 "The gls tae i ct such that it | Bred to the ttt wih a seem. The
“The cut wil early work even | covers the length do aluminium ae, | inside a the dapragm pump is dun
200 ol main, but ot flow that | exept for abot LS cm at ach end | in Fi. 8 The ening of the pump mot
‘The mains input can go up o 240 bu | Tha u em lng aluminium tube is | needed fr two reason: to save space
‘mre, take, the tb wl be 17 em lng. | edd fring i within the red a,
Lab note During esting twas cb | The metal tae should be able to o | and bo at par de now ee
served hat fosible resistors RIO and | ly in it Now, dhe gls abe muy be | A al plat bet i aed y apli
soe rat to
the wenig a
tr ati
‘Spl fn fr tbe
fee The ion
supply in cam
rected to the
PCB in parallel
vith the supply
to the arpa.
Bot sow thi nection i removed and
‘aly Be pump à made work
he end ofthe aquarium airgap
whieh produces ar under pressure e
nd by a ab enh a fe fo
the corked gas tbe of the dicharge
tube ase. The ater nd ef he tae
is ned to be sir payee abe
‘adopts length ay, oe met)
Now, ar ali the ipa to
work, oe mus check wheter bees
equate drat of air though the tobe
‘anced 1 he inpump, wiht any
Ieakage Any ir hago prior to tae
‘ry or thr the Teton tape sas
‘rth the ner metal tan le
‘ual deed with or o map bute
teat The leaks have to be plogged
And al le that coms otf the amp
‘Shoal go trough the anlar gap fie
char pa and eit trough the ut
de ue.
le dis check, the mee conne.
tien mad fm th bar ooh
‘Shunt charge eier IS, with se
‘ee dine DIE and cuen log re
‘Seo RI. The mtr ed sate
‘ater, o the om smal ge of the
Box wih alo csmmedaee the LED
and cane ouput cel potter. The
LED is wind sng with Gode DI, re.
‘ise RIP, and capaci C9 a shown In
Fes
‘The ion the side, may be pasted
wih the mare lab “DANGER DO
NOT OPEN WHEN IN USE"
‘Aer he whale amer i check
and main pl ven, one can watch
the meter reading and green LED on the
panel The glowing LED indates that
the erat, slong with LOT, is working
nd the meter shows tat de er de à
charge The ound of the arpump
Wil br of cue, but oe ean al
rar th hissing cron sound dint
igh ar a, à le glow may o be
‘seen on watching fom the end of the
‘ase All he hat of ten fh
frm the tbe indicates presen af.
‘Th meer reading eds cbeton non.
‘Tce are two ways ot do the cairn
tion One la by using an ozone gas
anale mich an expense instr
teen. So, ho eher method, which is
Sesam, in derbed ere
Ptas die D satin icon.
vor fo die gue by moe. Taken a
own quantity ion nd abe
the snnad ar (rm oso generator
through it fora definite ime (one
‘intl. Tho fre Herta die canbe
‘stated ty tivation experien! with
insulte, Thus, by Knowing how
‘auch ie has ben std, ne can
ind how much sume has Den end
in the ten by quantitative analy
‘This ge the gus tpt fo the tue
‘ee, The gas expat cn be fad
by finding the time taken to replace the
Y liso of water by the bubbling ue
Aer eimaing the aut of the und,
‘mars are made on he melo, Ti is a
ay marking which can bellowed
{mother un of ena ese
Usage
‘he uni ean bo sed where a 20V AC
‘Bana url oats arate Tar
fered can be et int ir r bubled
{hugh the solution or water being
leet sing crm fin (vaa
fiom aquarium equipment shop). The
tine rating this un ery short Sine
(her en an employe ening, both
{he share tte and re Ban trn
ir may quickly heat up The tated
fang a ama! temperate a 25 Cis
E minute. Tis dm suena
the apli deri ho.
LB mates Te creat eld becom
ino ke un th ruc AC in
lt of 120 AC ar changing some of
the compone valu, ining LOT,
ALEFY Lab. Toe hanged comproents
value have ben serrated into the
Final rei sbown in i 2 Sic higher
AG lag (renter than 20 KV) was
rable, we cold fees the spa:
‘on beeen the aluminhm and les
tubes appreciably
4. Water disinfction. The impure
seater can be disinfected by tubing
one through or a ines ha et
‘aed mie is dle
2. Air purification. Vas an par.
the air of your room by letting out
nated it upward ne ve min
‘es, with fan rung
3. Mosquito repulsion. Same as
shove, but pleas du he windens won
‘ter evteing a the une generator
‘This operation isto be doe in he mur
ing to dete away the mongios and in
the early evening at around pa te
prevent the fom ming in. The poa:
‘Son may be repeated at midnight when
‘laa maquis somal aac
Bleaching. Tin ais of ik on
lathes canbe ace ppsing me
fas. On bulla aan ito the ted
{ak consi in ot tbe, the water
ames dear within thet tine
à Pollutant treatment, One in
large quantities canbe wed for treating
palate water in industry, along with
tral rstment The BOD (blog
‘al oxgen demand) canbe
Érought dwn o 30 with
‘ome ely.
6. Mouth washing.
You may rate 200 eof
ter and u fr ga
ing
7. Vegetable lean.
Only. oxonated water
‘Should be ued fr ening
subis Ie css Le
aos, and cart Clo
ated ate ie har
à Shin wound heal
img. An exposure to the
‘name gas quickly heals
‘kin wounds and rather
‘You may apply coated
ae ll speed wpe
ing
"There are may other
wet loro hich one an
try. The gas should nat,
rer, be inhaled di
rec continously. O,
‘aly Be pump à made work
he end ofthe aquarium airgap
whieh produces ar under pressure e
nd by a ab enh a fe fo
the corked gas tbe of the dicharge
tube ase. The ater nd ef he tae
is ned to be sir payee abe
‘adopts length ay, oe met)
Now, ar ali the ipa to
work, oe mus check wheter bees
equate drat of air though the tobe
‘anced 1 he inpump, wiht any
Ieakage Any ir hago prior to tae
‘ry or thr the Teton tape sas
‘rth the ner metal tan le
‘ual deed with or o map bute
teat The leaks have to be plogged
And al le that coms otf the amp
‘Shoal go trough the anlar gap fie
char pa and eit trough the ut
de ue.
le dis check, the mee conne.
tien mad fm th bar ooh
‘Shunt charge eier IS, with se
‘ee dine DIE and cuen log re
‘Seo RI. The mtr ed sate
‘ater, o the om smal ge of the
Box wih alo csmmedaee the LED
and cane ouput cel potter. The
LED is wind sng with Gode DI, re.
‘ise RIP, and capaci C9 a shown In
Fes
‘The ion the side, may be pasted
wih the mare lab “DANGER DO
NOT OPEN WHEN IN USE"
‘Aer he whale amer i check
and main pl ven, one can watch
the meter reading and green LED on the
panel The glowing LED indates that
the erat, slong with LOT, is working
nd the meter shows tat de er de à
charge The ound of the arpump
Wil br of cue, but oe ean al
rar th hissing cron sound dint
igh ar a, à le glow may o be
‘seen on watching fom the end of the
‘ase All he hat of ten fh
frm the tbe indicates presen af.
‘Th meer reading eds cbeton non.
‘Tce are two ways ot do the cairn
tion One la by using an ozone gas
anale mich an expense instr
teen. So, ho eher method, which is
Sesam, in derbed ere
Ptas die D satin icon.
vor fo die gue by moe. Taken a
own quantity ion nd abe
the snnad ar (rm oso generator
through it fora definite ime (one
‘intl. Tho fre Herta die canbe
‘stated ty tivation experien! with
insulte, Thus, by Knowing how
‘auch ie has ben std, ne can
ind how much sume has Den end
in the ten by quantitative analy
‘This ge the gus tpt fo the tue
‘ee, The gas expat cn be fad
by finding the time taken to replace the
Y liso of water by the bubbling ue
Aer eimaing the aut of the und,
‘mars are made on he melo, Ti is a
ay marking which can bellowed
{mother un of ena ese
Usage
‘he uni ean bo sed where a 20V AC
‘Bana url oats arate Tar
fered can be et int ir r bubled
{hugh the solution or water being
leet sing crm fin (vaa
fiom aquarium equipment shop). The
tine rating this un ery short Sine
(her en an employe ening, both
{he share tte and re Ban trn
ir may quickly heat up The tated
fang a ama! temperate a 25 Cis
E minute. Tis dm suena
the apli deri ho.
LB mates Te creat eld becom
ino ke un th ruc AC in
lt of 120 AC ar changing some of
the compone valu, ining LOT,
ALEFY Lab. Toe hanged comproents
value have ben serrated into the
Final rei sbown in i 2 Sic higher
AG lag (renter than 20 KV) was
rable, we cold fees the spa:
‘on beeen the aluminhm and les
tubes appreciably
4. Water disinfction. The impure
seater can be disinfected by tubing
one through or a ines ha et
‘aed mie is dle
2. Air purification. Vas an par.
the air of your room by letting out
nated it upward ne ve min
‘es, with fan rung
3. Mosquito repulsion. Same as
shove, but pleas du he windens won
‘ter evteing a the une generator
‘This operation isto be doe in he mur
ing to dete away the mongios and in
the early evening at around pa te
prevent the fom ming in. The poa:
‘Son may be repeated at midnight when
‘laa maquis somal aac
Bleaching. Tin ais of ik on
lathes canbe ace ppsing me
fas. On bulla aan ito the ted
{ak consi in ot tbe, the water
ames dear within thet tine
à Pollutant treatment, One in
large quantities canbe wed for treating
palate water in industry, along with
tral rstment The BOD (blog
‘al oxgen demand) canbe
Érought dwn o 30 with
‘ome ely.
6. Mouth washing.
You may rate 200 eof
ter and u fr ga
ing
7. Vegetable lean.
Only. oxonated water
‘Should be ued fr ening
subis Ie css Le
aos, and cart Clo
ated ate ie har
à Shin wound heal
img. An exposure to the
‘name gas quickly heals
‘kin wounds and rather
‘You may apply coated
ae ll speed wpe
ing
"There are may other
wet loro hich one an
try. The gas should nat,
rer, be inhaled di
rec continously. O,
CONFERENCE TIMER $
K UDHAYA KUMARAN VUSGTH
ring à fo wher pea
er ss aleros diferent une
Its or completing. their
es, ii nei o use a male
<a ne hal
Ammed fr the given time lt. Tt
‘Sold nt sy pois ten sd
Shen de led me dt I could
ut only provide laden a 1 when
the ate tine Seer, but alo abut
the fier eat ay gen stant
The confenc timer presented bee e
designed inerte all uch foi
sad sexpert o prove que me.
m
‘This onerence time i jon a 2.
ig (mint) countdown ee which
an be pest fom 0 mite 29 min
‘ts Te tie drain pese using
coun, ner,
E
caca AS
Lacie author 52 and 53, with ide
‘vith SL e! pain One the tine
(rain is preset Ab amo dipayed
{ntact LED dle ISA and
Dis)
As son a the designated speaker
stars speaking, switch SI is fppod
from sl pun 1 ar pion. The
played ine wi art decremento
ace à inte un became OÙ Le
the uni digit (DIS) and tens dig
(0152) ht eme er. At ths un
tar, the timer stops dermenting fur
ther and an interop beep und is
ard from the bare, indian that
the time alloted lo to particular
speaker ee
In ieee, 08 (COJO, a 1-
stage Binary comer ith ternal e.
ltr) wed ar generation of the
hate King pulses. Presets VII and
‘VRE are rod a be ade fr do
taining aproimtey 1 Hr (006 Hs
to be more pres) pulse fom pin 7
(QB oC TCS, whe the pulses trom pin
15 (QO) ae sto a the rat fee
pals per minute, Por euntdown tier
urs
K UDHAYA KUMARAN VUSGTH
ring à fo wher pea
er ss aleros diferent une
Its or completing. their
es, ii nei o use a male
<a ne hal
Ammed fr the given time lt. Tt
‘Sold nt sy pois ten sd
Shen de led me dt I could
ut only provide laden a 1 when
the ate tine Seer, but alo abut
the fier eat ay gen stant
The confenc timer presented bee e
designed inerte all uch foi
sad sexpert o prove que me.
m
‘This onerence time i jon a 2.
ig (mint) countdown ee which
an be pest fom 0 mite 29 min
‘ts Te tie drain pese using
coun, ner,
E
caca AS
Lacie author 52 and 53, with ide
‘vith SL e! pain One the tine
(rain is preset Ab amo dipayed
{ntact LED dle ISA and
Dis)
As son a the designated speaker
stars speaking, switch SI is fppod
from sl pun 1 ar pion. The
played ine wi art decremento
ace à inte un became OÙ Le
the uni digit (DIS) and tens dig
(0152) ht eme er. At ths un
tar, the timer stops dermenting fur
ther and an interop beep und is
ard from the bare, indian that
the time alloted lo to particular
speaker ee
In ieee, 08 (COJO, a 1-
stage Binary comer ith ternal e.
ltr) wed ar generation of the
hate King pulses. Presets VII and
‘VRE are rod a be ade fr do
taining aproimtey 1 Hr (006 Hs
to be more pres) pulse fom pin 7
(QB oC TCS, whe the pulses trom pin
15 (QO) ae sto a the rat fee
pals per minute, Por euntdown tier
urs
MCDASIOBI Tey convert the
BCD ead to segmentos
tive loge output code ta dis
dis. Wie dsplaing des
re not displayed. The sore
Funcion aval in these Tee
so al in is ee and
hen the soe pin 5 of ICI
nd 102 la made permanently
Tom
fore Kr wie a dem suing
edo 4 une br normal mor opera
‘When prstng, tbe ur oat’ pin
1 of 163 and cary’ pin Da ICH are
{ene and ants ds independent fa
ing iron tato cos 83 and
Sa, Fermebreig In countdown made
faery tut in 7 of TCS and ary i
pin 5 of IC4 ae cascaded for Pig
Santo ter operation. For pest
{ing encon, appre) plo
ie nt
Are ud, wile for normal car
o
faded ann sert of the
patie se Ai) | minis tis ar cake,
ÁS valable fom pis 7 and 15, ne
ec, of 16S
ram 2 à ue to sap
er activate the 106 binary
counter, When transistor T2 a
otal tte, ha elector va
ge goes high An rol, the
five supply eal extended
do in 11 of ICS via restr RES
And dido DS to stp ICS fom,
Souning farther, When tran
age gs low and cota HS be
omer active The stop and rin
ae used darin cmo oper
Sion only. While presetting the
104 binary contr wil be ra
"When slide sich is ded
to et poston, yn 10 of bth 103
Sod ICH then Bight eet
the countap mode fr rest
‘tr TI gt rar is ad
Conduct, As à esl a eee
PA rat ale pi chy hw
Din of 13 la permanently bw
Fo 3 Actas, pe sus PCB ayo
eration, this pale (one perminste)
ls simaltaneca applied to in 15 of
103 and 10 trag sich SI in tr
posi), and diodes DS and DA. For
reine this timer, bruces ples
and JC. Por this reason Ha
(ounces) pls aval fo pin 7
CS are ued 1 pret the ter
101 and 162 (CDB) Taogment
Tate and deer, pt BCD input xd
from spn contes 103 and 104
Fa # Comparta PB
CDISIOB in divido-10 BCD pt
don cor, The rater incrementa
fr secrets dy ene count for evry
loo ig trans ofthe deck pulse
app tos dock pn, depending on
Din 10 SCI and LC ae bald hgh the
‘unter nement by woe count fi ev
‘ey lok pl, and when the ar alé
iow, the ques decemeet by ene
count for every elck pulse. The up
ing mode sed o press thee
and eth thse [Ge are not ca
add. The one pulse per mine
(om pin 1500105 eno larger a
alle dido DE-DE juin wie THe
ful valable fom pa 7108 may
Be ppled to be da input in 18 af
103 or 04 by pressing the respective
ing the timer, depress tate wich
S2 and St unl desire cout de di
played in ant and oa gt (DIS and
DIS2 When die dig has bn di
played in DIS ar DIS2 immediately
elas switch S2 and SY, a the cu
BCD ead to segmentos
tive loge output code ta dis
dis. Wie dsplaing des
re not displayed. The sore
Funcion aval in these Tee
so al in is ee and
hen the soe pin 5 of ICI
nd 102 la made permanently
Tom
fore Kr wie a dem suing
edo 4 une br normal mor opera
‘When prstng, tbe ur oat’ pin
1 of 163 and cary’ pin Da ICH are
{ene and ants ds independent fa
ing iron tato cos 83 and
Sa, Fermebreig In countdown made
faery tut in 7 of TCS and ary i
pin 5 of IC4 ae cascaded for Pig
Santo ter operation. For pest
{ing encon, appre) plo
ie nt
Are ud, wile for normal car
o
faded ann sert of the
patie se Ai) | minis tis ar cake,
ÁS valable fom pis 7 and 15, ne
ec, of 16S
ram 2 à ue to sap
er activate the 106 binary
counter, When transistor T2 a
otal tte, ha elector va
ge goes high An rol, the
five supply eal extended
do in 11 of ICS via restr RES
And dido DS to stp ICS fom,
Souning farther, When tran
age gs low and cota HS be
omer active The stop and rin
ae used darin cmo oper
Sion only. While presetting the
104 binary contr wil be ra
"When slide sich is ded
to et poston, yn 10 of bth 103
Sod ICH then Bight eet
the countap mode fr rest
‘tr TI gt rar is ad
Conduct, As à esl a eee
PA rat ale pi chy hw
Din of 13 la permanently bw
Fo 3 Actas, pe sus PCB ayo
eration, this pale (one perminste)
ls simaltaneca applied to in 15 of
103 and 10 trag sich SI in tr
posi), and diodes DS and DA. For
reine this timer, bruces ples
and JC. Por this reason Ha
(ounces) pls aval fo pin 7
CS are ued 1 pret the ter
101 and 162 (CDB) Taogment
Tate and deer, pt BCD input xd
from spn contes 103 and 104
Fa # Comparta PB
CDISIOB in divido-10 BCD pt
don cor, The rater incrementa
fr secrets dy ene count for evry
loo ig trans ofthe deck pulse
app tos dock pn, depending on
Din 10 SCI and LC ae bald hgh the
‘unter nement by woe count fi ev
‘ey lok pl, and when the ar alé
iow, the ques decemeet by ene
count for every elck pulse. The up
ing mode sed o press thee
and eth thse [Ge are not ca
add. The one pulse per mine
(om pin 1500105 eno larger a
alle dido DE-DE juin wie THe
ful valable fom pa 7108 may
Be ppled to be da input in 18 af
103 or 04 by pressing the respective
ing the timer, depress tate wich
S2 and St unl desire cout de di
played in ant and oa gt (DIS and
DIS2 When die dig has bn di
played in DIS ar DIS2 immediately
elas switch S2 and SY, a the cu
maybe. Due to enden of ide DT,
rung 12 wil e ot state aod hat
‘inary counter (108) is in runing
condngin. Atte same tine, ‘ato re
Se traitor TA wil leo in on
Sate, with its eco pale lw. Th,
1 val eins to aprte numa
‘When ie witch SE ied fom
‘et poston o tar position, he ted
LED] medio. Trantor Ta
fet to ‘atoll and ite eller tan
Sis fm Tow to hi ate. The ih
Sing pl is coupled through copa
{Se 8 lo rst pin 12 f 18, Th, 166
Je reset and arts counting fom bi
ting During this operation in 10 of
ath 103 ad A ae el low t eet
GoNsTRUGTION
in 15a bath I (CS and ICH trough
(indes DS and Di. Now the digi de
‘payed in DIS1-DIS2 combination lat
eremnting ore erry minute When
eis depayed in DISIDIS? beome
0, cay out pin 7 af bth 103 and
Che lt and tant T2 des ot
conduc. As a result, ler of tan
sicor TZ goes ‘high and the binary
contr stp counting, Small},
{tanner TS conducta and activates the
buzzer (funcioning in interrupted
‘model Ths inermptl hep wand de
and from the burt, iting that
ended Pi?
‘ou pin of C3 and cary pin 8 of
CA are cascaded rouge rer RI.
The sopla permite applied lo
Giants i ine one.
"This cel, apart Rom using as a
(ferne time, may be converted into
programmable 24 en or a imer
0 ich nu any dcr e ele
trote appliance afer 1 minute to 99
minutes duration by incorporating ad-
‘ional addon eilt shown in Fig
During an timer operation e di.
it played in DIS -DIS 2 bp ne to
m the exact over tine ta eich
‘eof the opine. When ung is
outa <A timer, aid avi S410
Fa postin and, ar ‘be Umer oper
tion lide switch SA o ul postion
‘When displayed digs become 00, he
‘The caline nd PCB for
the ei in Fg i shown in Fig 3,
‘hile fs component ay! de given in
Pea ‘a
rung 12 wil e ot state aod hat
‘inary counter (108) is in runing
condngin. Atte same tine, ‘ato re
Se traitor TA wil leo in on
Sate, with its eco pale lw. Th,
1 val eins to aprte numa
‘When ie witch SE ied fom
‘et poston o tar position, he ted
LED] medio. Trantor Ta
fet to ‘atoll and ite eller tan
Sis fm Tow to hi ate. The ih
Sing pl is coupled through copa
{Se 8 lo rst pin 12 f 18, Th, 166
Je reset and arts counting fom bi
ting During this operation in 10 of
ath 103 ad A ae el low t eet
GoNsTRUGTION
in 15a bath I (CS and ICH trough
(indes DS and Di. Now the digi de
‘payed in DIS1-DIS2 combination lat
eremnting ore erry minute When
eis depayed in DISIDIS? beome
0, cay out pin 7 af bth 103 and
Che lt and tant T2 des ot
conduc. As a result, ler of tan
sicor TZ goes ‘high and the binary
contr stp counting, Small},
{tanner TS conducta and activates the
buzzer (funcioning in interrupted
‘model Ths inermptl hep wand de
and from the burt, iting that
ended Pi?
‘ou pin of C3 and cary pin 8 of
CA are cascaded rouge rer RI.
The sopla permite applied lo
Giants i ine one.
"This cel, apart Rom using as a
(ferne time, may be converted into
programmable 24 en or a imer
0 ich nu any dcr e ele
trote appliance afer 1 minute to 99
minutes duration by incorporating ad-
‘ional addon eilt shown in Fig
During an timer operation e di.
it played in DIS -DIS 2 bp ne to
m the exact over tine ta eich
‘eof the opine. When ung is
outa <A timer, aid avi S410
Fa postin and, ar ‘be Umer oper
tion lide switch SA o ul postion
‘When displayed digs become 00, he
‘The caline nd PCB for
the ei in Fg i shown in Fig 3,
‘hile fs component ay! de given in
Pea ‘a
CIRCUIT IDEAS
ADD-ON STEREO CHANNEL
SELECTOR
PRABHASH KP.
adn dre prend hee
1 wel for ern eaters. This
‘rit has ois fr ant.
ing stereo outputs from fur dierent
cual a apt ad oly ene
‘t them ir seed) connected tothe
‘ouput a any one me
‘When power supply i turned on
andl A (02 nd Al soc, Io
and à pren in chanel A, the dre
‘it waite for some tine and then se
Het the net channel (cha E This
search operation continues unlit de.
tects audi signal in one of the chan.
tle The lote hanae! walt or delay
tine cn he adjusted wih the hp of
preset VRL. It all longer time ie
Deeded, one may replace apar CL
ith copar ef higher vale
Suppe chanel À à conclu
a tape rcuder and anse Bl com
ected 10 radio reer. I initially
nel A is select, the audi from
the tape reorder wl be preset atthe
put Aer the apo it played com:
pletely or if there sien pause
ren cmt renting, te ar
ait auematally avis aver tothe
‘utput from the radio receiver. To
ramal skip oer fom one letd)
imply push the skip
vih (SD) mentary one er mor,
ni the deed channel inputs pts
ltd The selected anal (A BC,
a D} dated by the going fe
Fesponding LED (LEDIL, LEDIZ,
TEDIS oe LEDIC mueca,
TC CAD contains four analogue
che. Tose switches are conectas
1 our separate channels For stereo
‘eration, no similar CAOS TCs are
suelas dan in the eit eo ana
Jugue suchen are conrlled by TC
Dior out. CDAOIT a IO ing
counter IC. Since any on of its out
pt s high at any instant, ony one
ch will be closed at a time. TC
Dior is configured as a # ring
counter by conoci the fh output
QU in 1010 the rot pin. Cpacer
(5 in conan wih restr O om
1 poneronrae cet fr 10, © tat
inl switching on of the power
‘pes. output QO (pin 3) i aways
‘igh Te dk signal to CDOs pr
ied by TCL ESS) which ts as an
Stable okivibatr when tant
Ti isin cofre
TS (KAD) i und here or not
only inieating the audi lees the
ad sro han, bu al for fr
(rd ising trator TL Aran a6
pec tresold aio fee da de.
tee ted ep und
of 105 goes Tow This
ies oped ote bso of an.
TI, through disderetor combination
of DERUDERD. Asa re, trans
lor TI ondacte and enuses ctpat of
11 0 remain Yow ete at o as
tho col duel cuit eed the
prt and bol ee
"Presta VRE und VES ave bee in
lodos ajasnent of india ax
thea eee of et tro han
la, a dered, Once the mulata
tion of ICL is dbl, apa of 102
es ot change further. Hees, sar
ADD-ON STEREO CHANNEL
SELECTOR
PRABHASH KP.
adn dre prend hee
1 wel for ern eaters. This
‘rit has ois fr ant.
ing stereo outputs from fur dierent
cual a apt ad oly ene
‘t them ir seed) connected tothe
‘ouput a any one me
‘When power supply i turned on
andl A (02 nd Al soc, Io
and à pren in chanel A, the dre
‘it waite for some tine and then se
Het the net channel (cha E This
search operation continues unlit de.
tects audi signal in one of the chan.
tle The lote hanae! walt or delay
tine cn he adjusted wih the hp of
preset VRL. It all longer time ie
Deeded, one may replace apar CL
ith copar ef higher vale
Suppe chanel À à conclu
a tape rcuder and anse Bl com
ected 10 radio reer. I initially
nel A is select, the audi from
the tape reorder wl be preset atthe
put Aer the apo it played com:
pletely or if there sien pause
ren cmt renting, te ar
ait auematally avis aver tothe
‘utput from the radio receiver. To
ramal skip oer fom one letd)
imply push the skip
vih (SD) mentary one er mor,
ni the deed channel inputs pts
ltd The selected anal (A BC,
a D} dated by the going fe
Fesponding LED (LEDIL, LEDIZ,
TEDIS oe LEDIC mueca,
TC CAD contains four analogue
che. Tose switches are conectas
1 our separate channels For stereo
‘eration, no similar CAOS TCs are
suelas dan in the eit eo ana
Jugue suchen are conrlled by TC
Dior out. CDAOIT a IO ing
counter IC. Since any on of its out
pt s high at any instant, ony one
ch will be closed at a time. TC
Dior is configured as a # ring
counter by conoci the fh output
QU in 1010 the rot pin. Cpacer
(5 in conan wih restr O om
1 poneronrae cet fr 10, © tat
inl switching on of the power
‘pes. output QO (pin 3) i aways
‘igh Te dk signal to CDOs pr
ied by TCL ESS) which ts as an
Stable okivibatr when tant
Ti isin cofre
TS (KAD) i und here or not
only inieating the audi lees the
ad sro han, bu al for fr
(rd ising trator TL Aran a6
pec tresold aio fee da de.
tee ted ep und
of 105 goes Tow This
ies oped ote bso of an.
TI, through disderetor combination
of DERUDERD. Asa re, trans
lor TI ondacte and enuses ctpat of
11 0 remain Yow ete at o as
tho col duel cuit eed the
prt and bol ee
"Presta VRE und VES ave bee in
lodos ajasnent of india ax
thea eee of et tro han
la, a dered, Once the mulata
tion of ICL is dbl, apa of 102
es ot change further. Hees, sar
ing hg the chanel continues un.
LU raies an audio sil ending
the preset threshold vale. The skip
vith SIS wed lip cane enon
{Tau spent he sli han
‘The number channel an be ss
WATER TEMPERATURE
CONTROLLER u
VIJAY D,SATHE.
In ei presents her con
"he temparatar of water a well
a indkaten ion an LED
Hargroph. When ih temperature of wo
fer 00 ©, noe of the bar di
‘ay LEDS gms. But asthe temper
iy extended up ta to, by ong adi
thal 4066 1
ture stats increasing above approxi
ely 309 LEDs fen LEDI though
EDS of he bargraph tart owing one
ater the other. When temperature à
‘rod AC, only LED wald be en
Fo temperature grater than 9 C,
Al pay LEDs wil te Sc
‘To deve the temperature of water,
rem,
LU raies an audio sil ending
the preset threshold vale. The skip
vith SIS wed lip cane enon
{Tau spent he sli han
‘The number channel an be ss
WATER TEMPERATURE
CONTROLLER u
VIJAY D,SATHE.
In ei presents her con
"he temparatar of water a well
a indkaten ion an LED
Hargroph. When ih temperature of wo
fer 00 ©, noe of the bar di
‘ay LEDS gms. But asthe temper
iy extended up ta to, by ong adi
thal 4066 1
ture stats increasing above approxi
ely 309 LEDs fen LEDI though
EDS of he bargraph tart owing one
ater the other. When temperature à
‘rod AC, only LED wald be en
Fo temperature grater than 9 C,
Al pay LEDs wil te Sc
‘To deve the temperature of water,
rem,
when surmundin temperature is dig
Coctel restan eras and
‘abla, reste RS (22 ohm) a 1
[hm proc VI meo added at EFY
la, During sing) Tal, at D, the
Beide has to be in tanos condition
Ad, eer temperature, he bridge
vil be band. Te untar a
ge af the bide is comer into ait
‘Me vale inthe rage Oto 5 (oe
‘ponding to temperatures OC 0 1000,
Fespectively) by the instramentation
Amplifier formed by rel
rough 103 ATA). Out instr
‘ve to age
Tor driving the display
‘Before using this re, the fl
ing usinents have tobe mudo. Fin,
Immerse the RTD in ice water (040)
and adjst preset VRI such that the
Beide becas blaned and the out
put ef 163 Income. Nat, inmerso
‘he RTD fn bing water und ali
faust eset VRZ such Ut the ent
F163 become BV. Rspat he above
two pe ur fie ties
To contr the tomperatae of wa-
ter, no type controler ie used
Laver reel ein is se at SD
‘Anse het i is ud fr hos
ing the water When power supply ic
‘itched u, be ta sat Beating
the water. When temperature reaches
AC, po of TCH) pos igh. This
tare o rolas drier Later TH to
‘rg ray AL. In hs sa, lay
LG: Relay RL2 in even sat els
«ff poner spay to the beater cil Re.
Tay REZ, one energie, remain due
lo the atehing rangement provided
Ve second prof eats. Sima
ou, te Duzer als und, de to
Fon) basing of anse Ta
‘Sic the supply ta the ster eat
A, de temperature af water sat de
EMERGENCY LIGHT =
RAJESH KAMBOJ
T: il of emerges ht pe
ented here i unique in the
Scie that Ht asta, me
pect role, out, and easy as.
emi fr anyone. The creat cons
‘bur sein, mana, battery charg
ing section, avere etn, changeover
‘ection and Jw batir vage indi
Ta battery charging section, 2907
A main converted DV AC ong
epedown tramformer XI. Te diles
Se
DI and D frm a falta recur,
aná capaci C1 Mers the ecified
‘lage The oo ol Ger ie about
IV DG, which anced ie ad.
cor al transistor T provides a ed
‘as of 82V, Thus. rane TI works
an a rue aod provides constant
lag fr caring the had si ba
1: LEDI inte de ping aie
tery.
"The inverter section comprises
tram X2, transistor To, capac
creasing. Gradually, the basse gues
‘oe sap IS ps ew, When
temperature gue bel 800, output
CS) ges ow to Lu tran
{oe TI and relay RA. As a rec Do
we sappy provided to lay RL (ie
RLU NO etc) à ou af and relay
LE demergien. This wil again turn
“o io main dci power sup to
he ter cal. One agin, the tom
perature of waer art creasing nd
{ho qu repeats to maintain water um-
parar within the linia BC to DC.
"This conte canbe und to co
tel the temperature of water in water
aies, le. ee Te Tower and u-
per esol pots canbe changed by
Connecing the bse terminal of tao
‘Store TI and 72 o diferent output
terminals of vltge comparators IA
‘nd ICH, Base tonal of transistors
Ti and (2 ae mann over and up
per thre pit, respecte.
tor C2 and restr RA. Transfer 32
ls foi core type hs winding deal
aro mn in Pig 2, While cre details
fr shown in Pi. 3. Resor ES pr-
‘ies DC bas tothe base of Water
2, wile capter C2 cle the pu
tie AC foo tac from winding LI lo
{he bate el traer 2 o satin the
cils. The AC poner developed
ess primary winding 12 1 trans.
fered 10 secondary wining LA, whieh
imately igh up the Nooreseest
tubes
T he
changeover
diodes Da
nd Dias an
ft ln the
presence af
AC mains
supp dde
DS keep
transistor 72
in te ext
tae, while
de Di pre
Coctel restan eras and
‘abla, reste RS (22 ohm) a 1
[hm proc VI meo added at EFY
la, During sing) Tal, at D, the
Beide has to be in tanos condition
Ad, eer temperature, he bridge
vil be band. Te untar a
ge af the bide is comer into ait
‘Me vale inthe rage Oto 5 (oe
‘ponding to temperatures OC 0 1000,
Fespectively) by the instramentation
Amplifier formed by rel
rough 103 ATA). Out instr
‘ve to age
Tor driving the display
‘Before using this re, the fl
ing usinents have tobe mudo. Fin,
Immerse the RTD in ice water (040)
and adjst preset VRI such that the
Beide becas blaned and the out
put ef 163 Income. Nat, inmerso
‘he RTD fn bing water und ali
faust eset VRZ such Ut the ent
F163 become BV. Rspat he above
two pe ur fie ties
To contr the tomperatae of wa-
ter, no type controler ie used
Laver reel ein is se at SD
‘Anse het i is ud fr hos
ing the water When power supply ic
‘itched u, be ta sat Beating
the water. When temperature reaches
AC, po of TCH) pos igh. This
tare o rolas drier Later TH to
‘rg ray AL. In hs sa, lay
LG: Relay RL2 in even sat els
«ff poner spay to the beater cil Re.
Tay REZ, one energie, remain due
lo the atehing rangement provided
Ve second prof eats. Sima
ou, te Duzer als und, de to
Fon) basing of anse Ta
‘Sic the supply ta the ster eat
A, de temperature af water sat de
EMERGENCY LIGHT =
RAJESH KAMBOJ
T: il of emerges ht pe
ented here i unique in the
Scie that Ht asta, me
pect role, out, and easy as.
emi fr anyone. The creat cons
‘bur sein, mana, battery charg
ing section, avere etn, changeover
‘ection and Jw batir vage indi
Ta battery charging section, 2907
A main converted DV AC ong
epedown tramformer XI. Te diles
Se
DI and D frm a falta recur,
aná capaci C1 Mers the ecified
‘lage The oo ol Ger ie about
IV DG, which anced ie ad.
cor al transistor T provides a ed
‘as of 82V, Thus. rane TI works
an a rue aod provides constant
lag fr caring the had si ba
1: LEDI inte de ping aie
tery.
"The inverter section comprises
tram X2, transistor To, capac
creasing. Gradually, the basse gues
‘oe sap IS ps ew, When
temperature gue bel 800, output
CS) ges ow to Lu tran
{oe TI and relay RA. As a rec Do
we sappy provided to lay RL (ie
RLU NO etc) à ou af and relay
LE demergien. This wil again turn
“o io main dci power sup to
he ter cal. One agin, the tom
perature of waer art creasing nd
{ho qu repeats to maintain water um-
parar within the linia BC to DC.
"This conte canbe und to co
tel the temperature of water in water
aies, le. ee Te Tower and u-
per esol pots canbe changed by
Connecing the bse terminal of tao
‘Store TI and 72 o diferent output
terminals of vltge comparators IA
‘nd ICH, Base tonal of transistors
Ti and (2 ae mann over and up
per thre pit, respecte.
tor C2 and restr RA. Transfer 32
ls foi core type hs winding deal
aro mn in Pig 2, While cre details
fr shown in Pi. 3. Resor ES pr-
‘ies DC bas tothe base of Water
2, wile capter C2 cle the pu
tie AC foo tac from winding LI lo
{he bate el traer 2 o satin the
cils. The AC poner developed
ess primary winding 12 1 trans.
fered 10 secondary wining LA, whieh
imately igh up the Nooreseest
tubes
T he
changeover
diodes Da
nd Dias an
ft ln the
presence af
AC mains
supp dde
DS keep
transistor 72
in te ext
tae, while
de Di pre
= Ey
TZ The inverter can bo etched lf,
when ot required, by using “oll?
wich SL.
Law battery voltage indicator ci.
tk (it comprises tanta TS, see dr
n Jz la |] où 06. LED 2, variable resistor VIR
és ‘resistors RA through R6. The
Tow tar ida can be adjusted
from ATV lo BV by ung variable re.
‘Stor VRL Wien the battery voltage
fe shove 47V, ener ide DO cames
ene some 3 Denis o E2507 ee co | ut of sanduion, keping traiter
fete an an ‘off switch
Ta at cul leal, AL the ae ine,
a ito lomo core roer | | ugly, de Dt ie reverse sed ant | LEDZ ges the ita of low bt
hi
‘ides DC pth or ching of the bat. | the conduction of ide DO, wich
tery voltage
"The shale cat can be amet
{ery But in he biene of AC main | am normal fonctonng of rar | in a ait ef emergeney light sully
PARALLEL TELEPHONES
WITH SECRECY
tothe ine
To rcv cal at an end where
the insrument i ot comet
‘MANUS PAUL
O: med arisen fo comes:
ton of two tapan Sates
ents in prall 00 ine
But it cotos quite fo prblens in
thei proper perrmanes, sch a ore
loading and overbearing of the comer.
‘ton by an undesired por. err
% clio all such problems and get
a lear reception a simple rehome de
‘rested hee Fig D.
"This rem wl enable the ico
ing ing t be beard a bth the ende
‘The DPDT swith, installed with each
the ln, you jst have lo Bip the
lege itch at your end toe
ce thecal and acta ul to
Fano à ser. A on an be
position of the toggle witch i
‘hanged, the ne gs tansered
te theater tene instrument.
“Mount oe DPDT tg sich,
‘ne iphone inge, and oe tale
Pose terminal bar an wo mode
‘etal micha own in
Fig à: Its be bards ws
ing tpn tepone lea per
of the par Pig Toe
ste tee ersten is
phone
Eau
ite
EH
FRE
eas
ei St
Ar ee
> caca ee
fin wie, [A AS
any om | eterna S| ds gu
er bers
Se" te | Note The ma ger se roe
pies is | cea D Pen dpe
ine | nad at EP La
TZ The inverter can bo etched lf,
when ot required, by using “oll?
wich SL.
Law battery voltage indicator ci.
tk (it comprises tanta TS, see dr
n Jz la |] où 06. LED 2, variable resistor VIR
és ‘resistors RA through R6. The
Tow tar ida can be adjusted
from ATV lo BV by ung variable re.
‘Stor VRL Wien the battery voltage
fe shove 47V, ener ide DO cames
ene some 3 Denis o E2507 ee co | ut of sanduion, keping traiter
fete an an ‘off switch
Ta at cul leal, AL the ae ine,
a ito lomo core roer | | ugly, de Dt ie reverse sed ant | LEDZ ges the ita of low bt
hi
‘ides DC pth or ching of the bat. | the conduction of ide DO, wich
tery voltage
"The shale cat can be amet
{ery But in he biene of AC main | am normal fonctonng of rar | in a ait ef emergeney light sully
PARALLEL TELEPHONES
WITH SECRECY
tothe ine
To rcv cal at an end where
the insrument i ot comet
‘MANUS PAUL
O: med arisen fo comes:
ton of two tapan Sates
ents in prall 00 ine
But it cotos quite fo prblens in
thei proper perrmanes, sch a ore
loading and overbearing of the comer.
‘ton by an undesired por. err
% clio all such problems and get
a lear reception a simple rehome de
‘rested hee Fig D.
"This rem wl enable the ico
ing ing t be beard a bth the ende
‘The DPDT swith, installed with each
the ln, you jst have lo Bip the
lege itch at your end toe
ce thecal and acta ul to
Fano à ser. A on an be
position of the toggle witch i
‘hanged, the ne gs tansered
te theater tene instrument.
“Mount oe DPDT tg sich,
‘ne iphone inge, and oe tale
Pose terminal bar an wo mode
‘etal micha own in
Fig à: Its be bards ws
ing tpn tepone lea per
of the par Pig Toe
ste tee ersten is
phone
Eau
ite
EH
FRE
eas
ei St
Ar ee
> caca ee
fin wie, [A AS
any om | eterna S| ds gu
er bers
Se" te | Note The ma ger se roe
pies is | cea D Pen dpe
ine | nad at EP La
CR. SUNITH
he circuit described er i di
ferent form conventional dor
tel cute inthe see that
ein produce tw diferent amen
ler frequen and the other a
auch higher tegen
The circuit ee a timer 10 655,
which has ben wird in Imerunning
Tee, When sith S1 e dere the
‘Govt weilte at around LS Ke, ro
‘ing in a higher frequency nte. When
vik 92 a dpred, traia TL à
Fam e and tho R chute einer
Rz ers par ©. As rel, the
ra nov Selle app
60 Hs and tne of much lover fe
eng a generated
‘Te cet an be convenient em
ployed as à dere for tro epaato
‘ore atthe same or level, Duell
1 sal cabin, To can be auto
vit the help of preset VEL. Before
wer i hd i able
do acht VR o aprieta 5 lee
hn, ta, a the entre ofthe fal
ar he respective don.
The creat cn be semble on à
fiche SI and 82 can be mwunted | neue POB and Bose ide
PRADEEP G.
major drawback of some port
pales Ua hele power one
i wand hence ir fc.
tienes ufr. The pes epale ci
ut decribed here generator power
lei signal lo real pst In ad.
‘ion tothe rane Teeny ic
loto, separate posh-pull power ample
fer and orme are tied le boa
lesson mal.
‘Ultrasone fFequeney oxilatr is
bai around 10 CADA, which reves
‘mplementary output. Those comple
mets xt ar aged byte
Hier TA and T2 (BDI39) to dive
teanitrsed postal power ampliar
‘sage comprising power wandte 73
tnd NOS
The upto the poner ample i
‘coupled tan tweeter rough ouput
EN
Sy
tranormer XL Trauer XI in wound
(er ferrite eae (UU or CC oro, Pi
mary winding csi 150 tr of 25
ange of perito VEL A tripa
canbe ud e VII fr came of
sembly.
SWG while secondary winding compr
{turns of D SHG wire Adjust pen
mete VR for asian cvs.
he circuit described er i di
ferent form conventional dor
tel cute inthe see that
ein produce tw diferent amen
ler frequen and the other a
auch higher tegen
The circuit ee a timer 10 655,
which has ben wird in Imerunning
Tee, When sith S1 e dere the
‘Govt weilte at around LS Ke, ro
‘ing in a higher frequency nte. When
vik 92 a dpred, traia TL à
Fam e and tho R chute einer
Rz ers par ©. As rel, the
ra nov Selle app
60 Hs and tne of much lover fe
eng a generated
‘Te cet an be convenient em
ployed as à dere for tro epaato
‘ore atthe same or level, Duell
1 sal cabin, To can be auto
vit the help of preset VEL. Before
wer i hd i able
do acht VR o aprieta 5 lee
hn, ta, a the entre ofthe fal
ar he respective don.
The creat cn be semble on à
fiche SI and 82 can be mwunted | neue POB and Bose ide
PRADEEP G.
major drawback of some port
pales Ua hele power one
i wand hence ir fc.
tienes ufr. The pes epale ci
ut decribed here generator power
lei signal lo real pst In ad.
‘ion tothe rane Teeny ic
loto, separate posh-pull power ample
fer and orme are tied le boa
lesson mal.
‘Ultrasone fFequeney oxilatr is
bai around 10 CADA, which reves
‘mplementary output. Those comple
mets xt ar aged byte
Hier TA and T2 (BDI39) to dive
teanitrsed postal power ampliar
‘sage comprising power wandte 73
tnd NOS
The upto the poner ample i
‘coupled tan tweeter rough ouput
EN
Sy
tranormer XL Trauer XI in wound
(er ferrite eae (UU or CC oro, Pi
mary winding csi 150 tr of 25
ange of perito VEL A tripa
canbe ud e VII fr came of
sembly.
SWG while secondary winding compr
{turns of D SHG wire Adjust pen
mete VR for asian cvs.
July
2000
2000
BUILD YOUR OWN C-BAND
SATELLITE TW RECEIVER
S.DAS GUPTA
ae TV reception has gained
ch poli in India mer
el he dan, sil a
ter the, live leasing of the Gull
ar y CNN. Buh the and and Chand
“stat gal are arabe to Inda
Cand al are beamed en var
alles Ihe Asis, Alsat, and
Ina 20.
Toi the Chand eo much
more popular compare tothe Shan
‘To popular stlte programs which
(Gate rected en Chand inde Str
TV, ee TV, IV, CNN, ATN, Sun TV,
tnd Dalaran. Bese, programmes
frm Russia Cina, Franc, and Suds
Araba are sia avalan band eae
al, ah their language ie a bar
Fundamentals of C-band reception
‘You ae aware thi a rive any satel
The sonal, ih anton i gui.
‘The mechani aspects and the dior
‘natin principes cele sat ig
thle Sound and Cand remain bas
‘ly he same The Chad downlink ie
ane range rm 87 OH 1 42 GH
‘The ire respon estem compris
"9 Diane
(6) LNB dene Hoek converter)
and el am acom.
a Staite reer
Di antenna: Tere ar dirt
topes of dah antennae (oe and
ah avale in eros des raging
from LA metes to 48 mire The sine
the dh is dpendon onthe size of the
diri ne nd he strength €
‘he sige.
‘Th ara where the sgl i weak
regres age di and cote The
rang af the signal can also be
reed from the fort of ier
Zac As an exumpl, the fet
Dit (the geographic area en gmund
Se
covered lie domi atea)
measured in term a cin toi
rich suport the nie ih.
"0 The prat reco.
(6 The lcremechanal arange-
mt to move the dah nthe bere
nd vel planes to rack testi
(his rangement is generally wed in à
A7 metro and above in)
(LAB mounting rangement.
Bato structure should bo sing
ugh to wähstand the entire bad of
‘hee To and the wind dd
7
im)
%
pr
Fe TV om)
aT [
el
pun
F5 E oosrom
ee went
pop
‘ast
ie ronsmiting Sar TV programmes)
(or Ind ge in Pig. ar TV re
cedo the Bling sts of ih an
Fes fr vr es:
In order maintain pim corrio
tras vto (CN ati) args so of
ll rogue fr the ager ale dí
frio network À dh onsite ofthe
‘loving part
(a) The and o the base rue
ing bey wind or stems, he base rue
{ore shouldbe By pounded in en
The prat flor Iie the mos
important pr ofthe sh The efter
FRET
FETE
capo
ea a om)
risk
era
SATELLITE TW RECEIVER
S.DAS GUPTA
ae TV reception has gained
ch poli in India mer
el he dan, sil a
ter the, live leasing of the Gull
ar y CNN. Buh the and and Chand
“stat gal are arabe to Inda
Cand al are beamed en var
alles Ihe Asis, Alsat, and
Ina 20.
Toi the Chand eo much
more popular compare tothe Shan
‘To popular stlte programs which
(Gate rected en Chand inde Str
TV, ee TV, IV, CNN, ATN, Sun TV,
tnd Dalaran. Bese, programmes
frm Russia Cina, Franc, and Suds
Araba are sia avalan band eae
al, ah their language ie a bar
Fundamentals of C-band reception
‘You ae aware thi a rive any satel
The sonal, ih anton i gui.
‘The mechani aspects and the dior
‘natin principes cele sat ig
thle Sound and Cand remain bas
‘ly he same The Chad downlink ie
ane range rm 87 OH 1 42 GH
‘The ire respon estem compris
"9 Diane
(6) LNB dene Hoek converter)
and el am acom.
a Staite reer
Di antenna: Tere ar dirt
topes of dah antennae (oe and
ah avale in eros des raging
from LA metes to 48 mire The sine
the dh is dpendon onthe size of the
diri ne nd he strength €
‘he sige.
‘Th ara where the sgl i weak
regres age di and cote The
rang af the signal can also be
reed from the fort of ier
Zac As an exumpl, the fet
Dit (the geographic area en gmund
Se
covered lie domi atea)
measured in term a cin toi
rich suport the nie ih.
"0 The prat reco.
(6 The lcremechanal arange-
mt to move the dah nthe bere
nd vel planes to rack testi
(his rangement is generally wed in à
A7 metro and above in)
(LAB mounting rangement.
Bato structure should bo sing
ugh to wähstand the entire bad of
‘hee To and the wind dd
7
im)
%
pr
Fe TV om)
aT [
el
pun
F5 E oosrom
ee went
pop
‘ast
ie ronsmiting Sar TV programmes)
(or Ind ge in Pig. ar TV re
cedo the Bling sts of ih an
Fes fr vr es:
In order maintain pim corrio
tras vto (CN ati) args so of
ll rogue fr the ager ale dí
frio network À dh onsite ofthe
‘loving part
(a) The and o the base rue
ing bey wind or stems, he base rue
{ore shouldbe By pounded in en
The prat flor Iie the mos
important pr ofthe sh The efter
FRET
FETE
capo
ea a om)
risk
era
Fitch ld and mei a
hi are tly tight are o oc
ter and a ight ange whe ree
In vel polristin, the elec
fd ng th Nathan ai a
sale
ln horita polarisation the eee
fd a a 90 tothe Noth South a of
Bestie,
In circular partion the dese
fd advances Ike co rw. Kean be
(her hand rear (LHC) er igh
Ban cesar O)
"To convert thir rusty plaid
avs noir polarised ave (er
dial se Trata, 6mm hick Rive
lps xd he fd ha alo.
ide the
feed born,
there de a
probe,
on) mh i
auired
F9 D Pnau DES tn wih FM deo
cies the signal fom the tlie and | large dish assemblies, a motorised
Secs ther the eal pit wher the
Bd hom pained. The ewe sig
‘al picked op tthe fed hom fd lo
‘he LNB, whieh i mounted cn ed hor
lt Te dish antenna kt re nor
dips ey ave and can be cay
Eve
TN assembl Tin LNB ends
const ot ling three prt: he
Salar ring, plate, and LNB
(9 The solr ring: There are two
‘ope of sala ings namely, ajustable
pr
1) Aja sala ring: a thi, te
scalar ng slides on the fled por and can
psi a sl ie al dance Io
meer ratio (D) ofthe deh rir
ig 2h The fal distance elated lo
{he Flat mi Te L
19 Fed scalar ing: Hee, the naar
ing ean integral pr ft ed hor
And the dace la ed may ot
‘vgs alt the Pil ratio the dish be
ing ud Hence ts ot prefer
pue red. Tho mate wed in
plastos hs thee terminale 25V,
‘pon nd pls
"The mate responds to the width of
tho pals spp by the reser. The
‘wih xn be varied rom 08 to 28
withthe elo the ei etl in
{he reverand the positon ofthe VE
(erator price) wih In
AT pas, the pe ean alate by al
‘tom 140. Por seam of ples with
{aed di, the probe positon wll be
za. The rd wl mono any sen the
Fals change. pig the ia
Sent in mean psn ad gio e
ei fm Vt Hor to Y era
in ploidy changes in ae sep en
thing he probo torte rough 00. To
Tow as wy the probe movement is
require, we have to know aba the
‘partion
‘Ter ar thre type of polarons
(a) vert, 0) barat, and (0 ee
lar. Electromagnetic waves have two
{i diameter Pr eng, CNN tans
sion has ciclo praia, and
thee their ae pee is een
te get maximum aga pickup. On the
‘ier hand, Sur TV anal i verily
Polaris and hens th br lass pe
À require Te shld in fet ber
Derniere te
For maximum signa plekap. the
Abel Vii, wth be eco.
te ints centre poston
(LNB. Toe LNB and fr tornos
‘ek converter LNB comprise an ample
fer and quese converter. The Ge
lin hand (7 Hato 7 Gite) whieh
are rave and refed bythe di are
fed to the amplifier ide LNB ia the
Fedora pl, as mentir abr The
alo alero of the apr has
toe rather god because the werd
‘gal ae very weak The owe th ns
bete we pure qui
‘Te converter inside the LND om
rites ed que olor running
{0150 MM, wich bets with the lr
‘ening sgn funy. The diffrence
rg and range fom 5150
4200 = 90 MIL, to 6180-3700 = 140
Mie ie the input frequency rango of
2 Che 27 Ge come 1160 lo
150 ME range The gula LNB yp
cally around SB,
hi are tly tight are o oc
ter and a ight ange whe ree
In vel polristin, the elec
fd ng th Nathan ai a
sale
ln horita polarisation the eee
fd a a 90 tothe Noth South a of
Bestie,
In circular partion the dese
fd advances Ike co rw. Kean be
(her hand rear (LHC) er igh
Ban cesar O)
"To convert thir rusty plaid
avs noir polarised ave (er
dial se Trata, 6mm hick Rive
lps xd he fd ha alo.
ide the
feed born,
there de a
probe,
on) mh i
auired
F9 D Pnau DES tn wih FM deo
cies the signal fom the tlie and | large dish assemblies, a motorised
Secs ther the eal pit wher the
Bd hom pained. The ewe sig
‘al picked op tthe fed hom fd lo
‘he LNB, whieh i mounted cn ed hor
lt Te dish antenna kt re nor
dips ey ave and can be cay
Eve
TN assembl Tin LNB ends
const ot ling three prt: he
Salar ring, plate, and LNB
(9 The solr ring: There are two
‘ope of sala ings namely, ajustable
pr
1) Aja sala ring: a thi, te
scalar ng slides on the fled por and can
psi a sl ie al dance Io
meer ratio (D) ofthe deh rir
ig 2h The fal distance elated lo
{he Flat mi Te L
19 Fed scalar ing: Hee, the naar
ing ean integral pr ft ed hor
And the dace la ed may ot
‘vgs alt the Pil ratio the dish be
ing ud Hence ts ot prefer
pue red. Tho mate wed in
plastos hs thee terminale 25V,
‘pon nd pls
"The mate responds to the width of
tho pals spp by the reser. The
‘wih xn be varied rom 08 to 28
withthe elo the ei etl in
{he reverand the positon ofthe VE
(erator price) wih In
AT pas, the pe ean alate by al
‘tom 140. Por seam of ples with
{aed di, the probe positon wll be
za. The rd wl mono any sen the
Fals change. pig the ia
Sent in mean psn ad gio e
ei fm Vt Hor to Y era
in ploidy changes in ae sep en
thing he probo torte rough 00. To
Tow as wy the probe movement is
require, we have to know aba the
‘partion
‘Ter ar thre type of polarons
(a) vert, 0) barat, and (0 ee
lar. Electromagnetic waves have two
{i diameter Pr eng, CNN tans
sion has ciclo praia, and
thee their ae pee is een
te get maximum aga pickup. On the
‘ier hand, Sur TV anal i verily
Polaris and hens th br lass pe
À require Te shld in fet ber
Derniere te
For maximum signa plekap. the
Abel Vii, wth be eco.
te ints centre poston
(LNB. Toe LNB and fr tornos
‘ek converter LNB comprise an ample
fer and quese converter. The Ge
lin hand (7 Hato 7 Gite) whieh
are rave and refed bythe di are
fed to the amplifier ide LNB ia the
Fedora pl, as mentir abr The
alo alero of the apr has
toe rather god because the werd
‘gal ae very weak The owe th ns
bete we pure qui
‘Te converter inside the LND om
rites ed que olor running
{0150 MM, wich bets with the lr
‘ening sgn funy. The diffrence
rg and range fom 5150
4200 = 90 MIL, to 6180-3700 = 140
Mie ie the input frequency rango of
2 Che 27 Ge come 1160 lo
150 ME range The gula LNB yp
cally around SB,
Another important
param of he LNB it
Se noise temperature
‘Thenoie quant tem
erature of mod ofthe
tag LNBs ranges
from 26K to 40K (K
ands fe Ai). The
picture on a 208 LNB
where Kin the
Ballena constant =
ced meer e LNE
td rece sores tuo
pte (BV
Dee the LNB, o poner
the amplifier and cone
verter ret inside
IB, end (i) the cum
verted fegueney (80
Meo 1450 ot
om LNB o Chand ne
sand receiver.
‘The ein facie the
rece ito 9 par
(Solar ann fen the
converted Hock of te
Guen (between 960
ed 150 MH and re.
(eve he uti ad de
al inrmaten. The
id an video out
Sina ar Sally fel to
‘Be TV moniter ai
and vio put term
fs, respecte I the
TV docs mt have spa
rato a andi
‘points, then felt
oti ed vides opt
‘ponding agene Be
IE Ghonnele in ho VHP
TE
param of he LNB it
Se noise temperature
‘Thenoie quant tem
erature of mod ofthe
tag LNBs ranges
from 26K to 40K (K
ands fe Ai). The
picture on a 208 LNB
where Kin the
Ballena constant =
ced meer e LNE
td rece sores tuo
pte (BV
Dee the LNB, o poner
the amplifier and cone
verter ret inside
IB, end (i) the cum
verted fegueney (80
Meo 1450 ot
om LNB o Chand ne
sand receiver.
‘The ein facie the
rece ito 9 par
(Solar ann fen the
converted Hock of te
Guen (between 960
ed 150 MH and re.
(eve he uti ad de
al inrmaten. The
id an video out
Sina ar Sally fel to
‘Be TV moniter ai
and vio put term
fs, respecte I the
TV docs mt have spa
rato a andi
‘points, then felt
oti ed vides opt
‘ponding agene Be
IE Ghonnele in ho VHP
TE
controled with
the “help of
patmeter VRE,
which a con:
ced a pint
TCL and ate m
i Te
E yur sole Te
FS Powe spay ont arar dds DI
(012100) à a
and fom channel 2 1 cand 12 te nected acs pin 12 ad 18 though ce
erate the doer ever dey
The Bock gram a a aile re
cei shown in Fig a
The cal cae rm LNB icon
ected the ter which cota RF
and IP rele) thragh F och. To
Spi the den be an average cn:
‘tre, the Mitsu SU HOT tner
sud in te crt, Pt the tner
som in Fe 30) vio M cr
Sons ao given in Table Th tis a
‘ealymade tner ith table rang u
350 Me to 130 ME giving baseband
caput dey with aud serie
"etanol tam ih vol
age (Vp between D nd 20 and res
‘0 high band eich us a Von
‘af applying the suppl vale fr
ENB, wth scare fo the LNB vi he
SV DC fo a operation, The ete
ici diagram o the mecr is wn
init
‘he bastan ouput om the tner
mele i fo to the adi tage, vi
‘age, ad ina tng ination cr
‘Audi cn. 1 conse of thee
stages: sound intermediate frequency
(GHP tage und der ge and sound
caput age
The au signal rm the toba
put of ane male parted ith
hop ofan LC idactanor-capatann)
{sed wavetrapcateomprsing pac
{ory Cr through CA and inductors Lt
tive DE wong i dt ie 13, 92nd
poster C9 nd CU.
“hi bandit can ab ded
EE
a3 af
the “help of
patmeter VRE,
which a con:
ced a pint
TCL and ate m
i Te
E yur sole Te
FS Powe spay ont arar dds DI
(012100) à a
and fom channel 2 1 cand 12 te nected acs pin 12 ad 18 though ce
erate the doer ever dey
The Bock gram a a aile re
cei shown in Fig a
The cal cae rm LNB icon
ected the ter which cota RF
and IP rele) thragh F och. To
Spi the den be an average cn:
‘tre, the Mitsu SU HOT tner
sud in te crt, Pt the tner
som in Fe 30) vio M cr
Sons ao given in Table Th tis a
‘ealymade tner ith table rang u
350 Me to 130 ME giving baseband
caput dey with aud serie
"etanol tam ih vol
age (Vp between D nd 20 and res
‘0 high band eich us a Von
‘af applying the suppl vale fr
ENB, wth scare fo the LNB vi he
SV DC fo a operation, The ete
ici diagram o the mecr is wn
init
‘he bastan ouput om the tner
mele i fo to the adi tage, vi
‘age, ad ina tng ination cr
‘Audi cn. 1 conse of thee
stages: sound intermediate frequency
(GHP tage und der ge and sound
caput age
The au signal rm the toba
put of ane male parted ith
hop ofan LC idactanor-capatann)
{sed wavetrapcateomprsing pac
{ory Cr through CA and inductors Lt
tive DE wong i dt ie 13, 92nd
poster C9 nd CU.
“hi bandit can ab ded
EE
a3 af
6 POS eue SF Sr
seule is fel vi reia
RIT (2 Mah) tothe
Base al vids ample co
SCH, Capactor C17
‘nd esta ar st
apres the interference
RD md remit
Bi
Video signal is taken
fromthe enter of and
ter TS and fo ovio de.
tr 102 (ES) Crh
an LE nor compra
canton CI trough C20
nd inductor LA (a video
ak ell P 1 sf 1 ie
gal
at. salable pte Bas
Event pin Lund pin 14
hugh lora RP RO
“Teoutptistaken en.
Fin 8 IC (postive side)
fed tothe sien doer
wall the utp age
Spring tanssiors Ti
nd TS. Mer smpieton
St video signal, pat
oak vids output tan
fom the enter of trance
er TS dhrghapcitr C25
nd resistor 199, Petter
Via (AT) à a vids ain
‘ot wih wed wo ad
the ctas of ptr
‘Sigelatength indie
sor. o neste the senal
eng ofthe ming Ge
fal, à 23094 ammeter ar
WU meter ud in stereo
deck) is employe. To ve
mes, an amplifier m.
prising "transistor T6
BSCE) i und. The se
al rom band capt
tuner mele fed othe
ocr C25, Pee bias 5
with th lp of potmeter VRI (audi | str TL and T2 (CLAS), which de. | given tothe baw of transistor Aros
[BW con by changing the vagy at | velop Et peakpeak ao pa | reto RD (i, The guey AC
pin 2 (phe comparer seca) 0 IC. | ses resistor RI. tp stake fr the lor ran
Poimeter VRI generally changes the | Puma VRS at us an audi gin | snr 1 Crh cpacor C2 and Bi
Phos ofthe au siga. cont tothe vago nie rai compro
‘Aer peeing ef he auto IF sig | Video econ: Tiss divided no or | does DO and. Di and copan 028
al ici ampli and rect | sags, namely vio amplio, id de. | and C2.
"The output fod to
Fon, an AF output is aralale a in | tear, ido driver, and video output | mime vía peter VRS, whch
14 The ad tt farther ampli | stage fan e dust br sen deflection
by amasar amplifies bit area tan. | Sal om haha opt of tuner | À che POB has bon wed,
seule is fel vi reia
RIT (2 Mah) tothe
Base al vids ample co
SCH, Capactor C17
‘nd esta ar st
apres the interference
RD md remit
Bi
Video signal is taken
fromthe enter of and
ter TS and fo ovio de.
tr 102 (ES) Crh
an LE nor compra
canton CI trough C20
nd inductor LA (a video
ak ell P 1 sf 1 ie
gal
at. salable pte Bas
Event pin Lund pin 14
hugh lora RP RO
“Teoutptistaken en.
Fin 8 IC (postive side)
fed tothe sien doer
wall the utp age
Spring tanssiors Ti
nd TS. Mer smpieton
St video signal, pat
oak vids output tan
fom the enter of trance
er TS dhrghapcitr C25
nd resistor 199, Petter
Via (AT) à a vids ain
‘ot wih wed wo ad
the ctas of ptr
‘Sigelatength indie
sor. o neste the senal
eng ofthe ming Ge
fal, à 23094 ammeter ar
WU meter ud in stereo
deck) is employe. To ve
mes, an amplifier m.
prising "transistor T6
BSCE) i und. The se
al rom band capt
tuner mele fed othe
ocr C25, Pee bias 5
with th lp of potmeter VRI (audi | str TL and T2 (CLAS), which de. | given tothe baw of transistor Aros
[BW con by changing the vagy at | velop Et peakpeak ao pa | reto RD (i, The guey AC
pin 2 (phe comparer seca) 0 IC. | ses resistor RI. tp stake fr the lor ran
Poimeter VRI generally changes the | Puma VRS at us an audi gin | snr 1 Crh cpacor C2 and Bi
Phos ofthe au siga. cont tothe vago nie rai compro
‘Aer peeing ef he auto IF sig | Video econ: Tiss divided no or | does DO and. Di and copan 028
al ici ampli and rect | sags, namely vio amplio, id de. | and C2.
"The output fod to
Fon, an AF output is aralale a in | tear, ido driver, and video output | mime vía peter VRS, whch
14 The ad tt farther ampli | stage fan e dust br sen deflection
by amasar amplifies bit area tan. | Sal om haha opt of tuner | À che POB has bon wed,
He
4
EA
or
Marl
Er
we en
Ren
CETTE TTL TE TI
4
EA
or
Marl
Er
we en
Ren
CETTE TTL TE TI
sgguuzg [aus
3] FE
with component side serving as
Fran plane. From exponent
io. cope al has benched
from around all holes except
those conecte to ground Ar
alia sora tack oat
ds shown in Fig. 6, Component
aout forthe PCB is hen in
ig 2. The aha pt pol
horn in Fi
Testing
tar competion of assembly and on.
fran chock the +12 and 16 DC
fre porel replat ebre cn
ecg i to the PCB: Now cnet bath
{ho saps to PCB and check that 18
‘avalible at the pat sea of ner
‘dale. The one the WERD hd
{othe ter nd connect the audi ad
eo output om reer eter tthe
‘modular er tothe audi: sd vdeo‘
lt ermine the TV set
‘Sich the reser and de
chanelaeletion potemametr VRL to
ct ib ded chanel. Au cin be
oe tunel ai pte VAL ad VR
Audi ample canbe juste with he
ui af pour VR3. Petre contrat is
{oe je wig pointer VA
Tn cae the eee dos nt mak
rope re othe ral dar ad
Checks sonen Check Dom
A the connections and reer ou
od an e int Pia, chock he vale
ages atthe in of 105 and runden,
a given in Table I, for any major
Gras 3
3] FE
with component side serving as
Fran plane. From exponent
io. cope al has benched
from around all holes except
those conecte to ground Ar
alia sora tack oat
ds shown in Fig. 6, Component
aout forthe PCB is hen in
ig 2. The aha pt pol
horn in Fi
Testing
tar competion of assembly and on.
fran chock the +12 and 16 DC
fre porel replat ebre cn
ecg i to the PCB: Now cnet bath
{ho saps to PCB and check that 18
‘avalible at the pat sea of ner
‘dale. The one the WERD hd
{othe ter nd connect the audi ad
eo output om reer eter tthe
‘modular er tothe audi: sd vdeo‘
lt ermine the TV set
‘Sich the reser and de
chanelaeletion potemametr VRL to
ct ib ded chanel. Au cin be
oe tunel ai pte VAL ad VR
Audi ample canbe juste with he
ui af pour VR3. Petre contrat is
{oe je wig pointer VA
Tn cae the eee dos nt mak
rope re othe ral dar ad
Checks sonen Check Dom
A the connections and reer ou
od an e int Pia, chock he vale
ages atthe in of 105 and runden,
a given in Table I, for any major
Gras 3
pin 3 sat aie 1 and thas monoale
{Ct sensed When magrtdo a input
‘Ale not qual to B the ep in bo
JOA lt li O and as ar IL ie
date
In enabled te, e monate ICL
poems an output pulse when seh
JUNOMON ABRAHAM St marked sr) à menant pred
This output plo um IC suso a à
(ck ple fr unter C2 and a mg
Meee bere eer iso 105. Wide 102 counts on igh
rea presented in PY far | nected wo utp A = B (0,0) pin 3 ot | low transition te dock, 105 sits on
ve een based dere | comprar 104 (CDSS). Th, a og | both ging transition othe eck
‘Thandie CMOS Ce.
Tite bas on
familiar. EPROM
21032 wri the re.
‘qed de sr Le
isa number, which
‘an te programe to =
day adel amie The E
Tenth of the number
‘onal vay.
make à ok
lok fra para
tone ld,
‘Serna at
foie 6 m cr
‘rae tea
‘ured ett me
a E
Gare | |
SD aod wang wi | Le,
de LD fume | Su A
that tured see
Bar de o le 3
equinlentiza num | ale ST ES
rn ml TE Tr |
San mern | au
tet te EPROM +
al emer tions EF Con Seat aan RER
‘Src ah en,
Show ie Te LT fit many
ie aes dd hay I
NE Gun mc "orar,
Moda rl cn ken
Tona mario ith hon 00K se
Sat eer
Hon, techos the operation a2
and HS the ck ple o 12 inerte
Ey the traosstoisod inverter stage
‘ound tramo FL
A power on I set doe to power
court cet ball ng esca C3
And eier RS, Hone. all ts outputs
finding 00 tough 08 comet to
dress A Umag AS ef EPROM ICH)
Ae inl at Tog 0. In oer ord,
IX 30000 | input | ial areas een fr EPROM i
130 __ 00000 | (a ICH, | OOO ne aa nes AB hrsgh AL
Atoupat | of EPROM 27082 are permanently
Description
‘The cet comprises aix ICs, Inc
ng the EPROM andthe kage rel
tor ICL da a Umer NESS, whichis
figured a6 4 monostable ip
{Ct sensed When magrtdo a input
‘Ale not qual to B the ep in bo
JOA lt li O and as ar IL ie
date
In enabled te, e monate ICL
poems an output pulse when seh
JUNOMON ABRAHAM St marked sr) à menant pred
This output plo um IC suso a à
(ck ple fr unter C2 and a mg
Meee bere eer iso 105. Wide 102 counts on igh
rea presented in PY far | nected wo utp A = B (0,0) pin 3 ot | low transition te dock, 105 sits on
ve een based dere | comprar 104 (CDSS). Th, a og | both ging transition othe eck
‘Thandie CMOS Ce.
Tite bas on
familiar. EPROM
21032 wri the re.
‘qed de sr Le
isa number, which
‘an te programe to =
day adel amie The E
Tenth of the number
‘onal vay.
make à ok
lok fra para
tone ld,
‘Serna at
foie 6 m cr
‘rae tea
‘ured ett me
a E
Gare | |
SD aod wang wi | Le,
de LD fume | Su A
that tured see
Bar de o le 3
equinlentiza num | ale ST ES
rn ml TE Tr |
San mern | au
tet te EPROM +
al emer tions EF Con Seat aan RER
‘Src ah en,
Show ie Te LT fit many
ie aes dd hay I
NE Gun mc "orar,
Moda rl cn ken
Tona mario ith hon 00K se
Sat eer
Hon, techos the operation a2
and HS the ck ple o 12 inerte
Ey the traosstoisod inverter stage
‘ound tramo FL
A power on I set doe to power
court cet ball ng esca C3
And eier RS, Hone. all ts outputs
finding 00 tough 08 comet to
dress A Umag AS ef EPROM ICH)
Ae inl at Tog 0. In oer ord,
IX 30000 | input | ial areas een fr EPROM i
130 __ 00000 | (a ICH, | OOO ne aa nes AB hrsgh AL
Atoupat | of EPROM 27082 are permanently
Description
‘The cet comprises aix ICs, Inc
ng the EPROM andthe kage rel
tor ICL da a Umer NESS, whichis
figured a6 4 monostable ip
ety
put incrementa by one and so ales
{he addres of EPROM. Sine the ck
‘ack pin 6 of ic ai regir 166
{eDandy, tw examine Yow the data
pin 1 (O0 anges Pesce note that OL
Abongh O tpn 5, 14 and 13 pe
An) a the reiteraron wk
in th ern.
1, du pn
ouput to pin Lot
Shi regia.
he final pening er
ine of ok
lay BLA vn api n.
‘int ne eet eer 02, 08,
Ti cine patin whet pan
‘inary digits inthe code. Whinary code in
it length Count to one hee
fer nro he EPROM adres by far
‘atime On Mar pe 08 il be a
ie oles JR ee dated ue
{CD eae) to nego relay RL,
Fue Si ng olen tor ex
igi, he tp A need be connected
‘tobe connected tM, and soca
Operation
When the power sappy 1 de ei is
put pin 3 igh and en ICL
Seal Ba ace an a Es
restr RI tpt of ICI ie
Bec aged in the EPROM and pot À
nel to appropriate output C2 de
ending on to eh of od codo, as
died in he dien ely op
“ration Ten ek lye end
www.electronicsforu.com
a portal dedicated t
enthusia:
put incrementa by one and so ales
{he addres of EPROM. Sine the ck
‘ack pin 6 of ic ai regir 166
{eDandy, tw examine Yow the data
pin 1 (O0 anges Pesce note that OL
Abongh O tpn 5, 14 and 13 pe
An) a the reiteraron wk
in th ern.
1, du pn
ouput to pin Lot
Shi regia.
he final pening er
ine of ok
lay BLA vn api n.
‘int ne eet eer 02, 08,
Ti cine patin whet pan
‘inary digits inthe code. Whinary code in
it length Count to one hee
fer nro he EPROM adres by far
‘atime On Mar pe 08 il be a
ie oles JR ee dated ue
{CD eae) to nego relay RL,
Fue Si ng olen tor ex
igi, he tp A need be connected
‘tobe connected tM, and soca
Operation
When the power sappy 1 de ei is
put pin 3 igh and en ICL
Seal Ba ace an a Es
restr RI tpt of ICI ie
Bec aged in the EPROM and pot À
nel to appropriate output C2 de
ending on to eh of od codo, as
died in he dien ely op
“ration Ten ek lye end
www.electronicsforu.com
a portal dedicated t
enthusia:
ally wa 15 wäh de Bp tho St
(carted se) and $2 (marked an). A
‘zi entered ly momentary depre
ing seco SI alo, and a ve on.
tered by depresing avi SI momen
Vary, after holding witch S2 in the
prose cli.
The DO ba EPROM and bio
ai roger (CDA) ae ampare by
arate eins hg und ds nt
terraplinhbit the eperation af
instale ICL (NESSS) However if
Sonaraueriom
parto gs lo nd i init IC.
Thun fuer dat wold nat gt entered
tho absence of dk pale rm IC. I
dia at cach lation of EPROM ops
Fasci mth he data input via thee
SI and 82, the output of comparator
(a pin 9 vil online to y fo
ep CL enabled wall the is of be
code have thas ben compael. At the
fe code, Un tap A willbe at ge
1. 10 energie rely RLA. Ifyou have
by mistake entered wrong code vin
‘vite S1 ad $2, yon cn ty an by
thing a and then ewig on
mat, the otr lc | the eit one again, ing of
sich 3.
Pl not hat fr king the cire
erty to use the lak the ther way
wind,
An actual, snglecidod POB fr
he eet el Fig 1 or Pg,
le Fig 2 eons ie component aos
One may extendimodiy the creat dy
ing she ev une data bits
EEPROM as wal (pret only Bi DO
Pa bre tein hee
(carted se) and $2 (marked an). A
‘zi entered ly momentary depre
ing seco SI alo, and a ve on.
tered by depresing avi SI momen
Vary, after holding witch S2 in the
prose cli.
The DO ba EPROM and bio
ai roger (CDA) ae ampare by
arate eins hg und ds nt
terraplinhbit the eperation af
instale ICL (NESSS) However if
Sonaraueriom
parto gs lo nd i init IC.
Thun fuer dat wold nat gt entered
tho absence of dk pale rm IC. I
dia at cach lation of EPROM ops
Fasci mth he data input via thee
SI and 82, the output of comparator
(a pin 9 vil online to y fo
ep CL enabled wall the is of be
code have thas ben compael. At the
fe code, Un tap A willbe at ge
1. 10 energie rely RLA. Ifyou have
by mistake entered wrong code vin
‘vite S1 ad $2, yon cn ty an by
thing a and then ewig on
mat, the otr lc | the eit one again, ing of
sich 3.
Pl not hat fr king the cire
erty to use the lak the ther way
wind,
An actual, snglecidod POB fr
he eet el Fig 1 or Pg,
le Fig 2 eons ie component aos
One may extendimodiy the creat dy
ing she ev une data bits
EEPROM as wal (pret only Bi DO
Pa bre tein hee
CIRCUIT IDEAS
POWER-SUPPLY FAILURE ALARM
MLK, CHANDRA MOULEESWARAN 2
ost ol the power-supply fre
‘date crete mod aa
ate powersupply fr tem
vs Ba the slam eet
ranier T. Sins in he abres of
‘ine supply o ba rar 6
allel ow vía reo RE conde
he compeneta aro material. 1 the
Alarm rl pomnd rm ny exe
al DO poversup sos, Le maine.
‘ply Scan upto pans and ME
can te emit fom the cat. Fallow
ing pin maybe nated
Tata higher DC vta lee, tan
str T CSE) may pas sme cl
torso aka cure easing à
iso murmuring sound fon the
Presented here needs po a
Sal soppy sare. Ie
les an cry cpu
to ore adequat char, to
fd power othe arm ei
‘cit which sounds an sar
re remato drative
when th mas spy
During the presence of
min per supply, the ne
‘ed min wlage stepped
‘bya aa required lo kee
A ner le edt ii the
flared voltage o Aral
level Mais pens ide y an
ED. The lee Di und fr arg
ine capacitor C3 and reverse bas
sing trato TI. Ths, traia
FT remis cal as bag athe mains
suppl presen. As son as the mai
ome a, charge sored in the a.
Pasar ats asa power up sure fr
“and sounds the bor lar) to gv à
rang oto power lu.
"With the elo fC ar shown gode
guy base weld ound fr sb à
‘inal. By inning or drag the
ae af pacos CS, this ne can be
laredo serv sn nd.
‘Arseny equ ery. Th vales of
STOPWATCH USING
ARS
COB AND CALCULATOR © <>
ANANDAN MA.
art ofthis Gat «COB
ich i used in quarts aks
SCR is used for ara top
‘operations. LEDI used in the crt
fervent parer porto ph
de sai th minimum bling cren
regirenent abut 6 má fr a power
SO for the SCR, to main in
ae y placing the LED inthe vty
a LCD, oe cn rnd the dilo even
ring dares To post ging ct
pal pls tos the wo pits af th COB
ume. In hat ese, replace ith om
wi air
Pi unr must be a nanas
Lan seran vi bin ea
Touro sys ne may men eal
sla 10047 ears (m paral) in
ace alkyle capter CA
(om Ajanta liege used y EFY are
combined to an one pulse pr sod
tpt ers rotor BA,
(EFT Lab mote: Please ote that
Ode ud In défend may ge
rn euipats—tequecy as well ae
Palacio nich may neste reversal
fände ws feo rar in
ere aga and maletin y op
rat seqene of alate)
The vage developed ar rise
Trantor Tends and eh ol
heer bon up acres
WWW. electronicsforu com
a portal de
enthusiasts
POWER-SUPPLY FAILURE ALARM
MLK, CHANDRA MOULEESWARAN 2
ost ol the power-supply fre
‘date crete mod aa
ate powersupply fr tem
vs Ba the slam eet
ranier T. Sins in he abres of
‘ine supply o ba rar 6
allel ow vía reo RE conde
he compeneta aro material. 1 the
Alarm rl pomnd rm ny exe
al DO poversup sos, Le maine.
‘ply Scan upto pans and ME
can te emit fom the cat. Fallow
ing pin maybe nated
Tata higher DC vta lee, tan
str T CSE) may pas sme cl
torso aka cure easing à
iso murmuring sound fon the
Presented here needs po a
Sal soppy sare. Ie
les an cry cpu
to ore adequat char, to
fd power othe arm ei
‘cit which sounds an sar
re remato drative
when th mas spy
During the presence of
min per supply, the ne
‘ed min wlage stepped
‘bya aa required lo kee
A ner le edt ii the
flared voltage o Aral
level Mais pens ide y an
ED. The lee Di und fr arg
ine capacitor C3 and reverse bas
sing trato TI. Ths, traia
FT remis cal as bag athe mains
suppl presen. As son as the mai
ome a, charge sored in the a.
Pasar ats asa power up sure fr
“and sounds the bor lar) to gv à
rang oto power lu.
"With the elo fC ar shown gode
guy base weld ound fr sb à
‘inal. By inning or drag the
ae af pacos CS, this ne can be
laredo serv sn nd.
‘Arseny equ ery. Th vales of
STOPWATCH USING
ARS
COB AND CALCULATOR © <>
ANANDAN MA.
art ofthis Gat «COB
ich i used in quarts aks
SCR is used for ara top
‘operations. LEDI used in the crt
fervent parer porto ph
de sai th minimum bling cren
regirenent abut 6 má fr a power
SO for the SCR, to main in
ae y placing the LED inthe vty
a LCD, oe cn rnd the dilo even
ring dares To post ging ct
pal pls tos the wo pits af th COB
ume. In hat ese, replace ith om
wi air
Pi unr must be a nanas
Lan seran vi bin ea
Touro sys ne may men eal
sla 10047 ears (m paral) in
ace alkyle capter CA
(om Ajanta liege used y EFY are
combined to an one pulse pr sod
tpt ers rotor BA,
(EFT Lab mote: Please ote that
Ode ud In défend may ge
rn euipats—tequecy as well ae
Palacio nich may neste reversal
fände ws feo rar in
ere aga and maletin y op
rat seqene of alate)
The vage developed ar rise
Trantor Tends and eh ol
heer bon up acres
WWW. electronicsforu com
a portal de
enthusiasts
tr an eit fhe int ran
or) coated othe two terminals of
ho Casio PES wed duringac
ati at BY bts keyed Ic,
"vicio connect ts moe pa
‘Se amina anio eier. Than oe
Say acid a bute tit
Toopert the llar in opmach
made, sch on te call and press
{hea th lowing segun:
(a) Por anis mote LA
Por minute mu (ON)
le For oar me: XSIOZODIATE YO)
‚Ne: The invoking e fent (1)
in fern lus may equi pre
ing a/a fanion hey marked INV or
‘SUPT or Dna Hone use e op
rre bey in our eller fr Ii
operation
Far nut stating rs tb ey
{ors the count imma re
ing hear mich omen yon de
‘Se upesating rm a number cer than
Veoondiinuhourinrepeciiemden,
30 may de oy eying ia number im:
‘met aer pring tr seh) The
{ial ending canbe taken by pressing be
op rte The (cra! ponle
ras haine uring minis modo and
ar mode can be comento exe
RATHINDRA NATH BISWAS
1 comenta lage se
‘up he ied voltage applied act
the ete network and the ouput
taken fom er locale a. A
ch provides pret
lay of in br made wl pet coer
ted 6,212 Gh, 2 min, and se)
or dwenantig in sends, min.
es, or hur made the peer at
Tied inthe peeing parson is be
Slowed exe dat kee (eld be
depre in pls of)
anol ca be heed by pren.
ing the = ey oia, or pri
‘vith Inem ine cane ort
by pressing the Mi’ key. This reading
can be reel y ring the M kp,
‘Ser he so nich has ben pre
"This cei can ai be tal in
ete at Ter avant par
sides pression DC vege en D 1 10
Vol, in stp of O01 an be al and
once bul wing cel at
Sp der Inthe simple dir aran
‘Bet the ins srs whch ct
FREE mm ine the Case EXE.
aa. By using hp LED De ie
‘etna fr tal de LED ean be
‘jerome can placed near the LCD
‘lay to prove nation of he Fe
ting ofthe stgmath. The whale
‘canbe seca on a S520,
FCB. The sara taco ies can
‘ho boina ind, wth thei operat
ing lever poping out vue à ta
aoe be kepad.
"You may find et keyg batons
sucht By wich Joa may ner mo
ur 1 we. Two auch bates an be
Fear rate plc i tar aná op
‘Shes required By arrangement,
ua can sar ro tho ek, wi
ing te vaig
ds tale roman Sad, whe the vlage
‘sare is moved fom on pi of pts
te anther
AS howe in the diga, a tl
31 resistor are required o provide
‘etal lo within OLY. Thre ae a
teal f tre such al. Each dial has
ten resistors, exe the ast pe (ial ID,
hich entin even sem Dil À
as ten sors han value
hn cach Ie marked om 9 val
‚and sm RC A.
nets
or) coated othe two terminals of
ho Casio PES wed duringac
ati at BY bts keyed Ic,
"vicio connect ts moe pa
‘Se amina anio eier. Than oe
Say acid a bute tit
Toopert the llar in opmach
made, sch on te call and press
{hea th lowing segun:
(a) Por anis mote LA
Por minute mu (ON)
le For oar me: XSIOZODIATE YO)
‚Ne: The invoking e fent (1)
in fern lus may equi pre
ing a/a fanion hey marked INV or
‘SUPT or Dna Hone use e op
rre bey in our eller fr Ii
operation
Far nut stating rs tb ey
{ors the count imma re
ing hear mich omen yon de
‘Se upesating rm a number cer than
Veoondiinuhourinrepeciiemden,
30 may de oy eying ia number im:
‘met aer pring tr seh) The
{ial ending canbe taken by pressing be
op rte The (cra! ponle
ras haine uring minis modo and
ar mode can be comento exe
RATHINDRA NATH BISWAS
1 comenta lage se
‘up he ied voltage applied act
the ete network and the ouput
taken fom er locale a. A
ch provides pret
lay of in br made wl pet coer
ted 6,212 Gh, 2 min, and se)
or dwenantig in sends, min.
es, or hur made the peer at
Tied inthe peeing parson is be
Slowed exe dat kee (eld be
depre in pls of)
anol ca be heed by pren.
ing the = ey oia, or pri
‘vith Inem ine cane ort
by pressing the Mi’ key. This reading
can be reel y ring the M kp,
‘Ser he so nich has ben pre
"This cei can ai be tal in
ete at Ter avant par
sides pression DC vege en D 1 10
Vol, in stp of O01 an be al and
once bul wing cel at
Sp der Inthe simple dir aran
‘Bet the ins srs whch ct
FREE mm ine the Case EXE.
aa. By using hp LED De ie
‘etna fr tal de LED ean be
‘jerome can placed near the LCD
‘lay to prove nation of he Fe
ting ofthe stgmath. The whale
‘canbe seca on a S520,
FCB. The sara taco ies can
‘ho boina ind, wth thei operat
ing lever poping out vue à ta
aoe be kepad.
"You may find et keyg batons
sucht By wich Joa may ner mo
ur 1 we. Two auch bates an be
Fear rate plc i tar aná op
‘Shes required By arrangement,
ua can sar ro tho ek, wi
ing te vaig
ds tale roman Sad, whe the vlage
‘sare is moved fom on pi of pts
te anther
AS howe in the diga, a tl
31 resistor are required o provide
‘etal lo within OLY. Thre ae a
teal f tre such al. Each dial has
ten resistors, exe the ast pe (ial ID,
hich entin even sem Dil À
as ten sors han value
hn cach Ie marked om 9 val
‚and sm RC A.
nets
in Lot stp. Di I hs tn esr
1160 m value, The dal mark
m 0 09 wit in O1 vl step: Dik
I even str, having va of
1210 each, with dal marking (om
01009 al in 001 vo tp Th va
eo the etry a gen og aro LL
tines the tales othe restos in Be
reeling rn. The bris shown in the
intratn would ead the vals of oe
Tan voltage as 645 vol when the ll
ro end Y) as detallo br
Dall Byala
Dar Den
Dalit 000 vote
Tot BA vt
Note: 1. For the bre compl, the
guint ia as Bren rece @
Simpler form by EPIA Ihre wager,
as hou in Fig 2 for the bei of te
made,
bridge
pute
er
lower
value re:
ed the
2. Ps do o cof the dial cl
ages menton inside ech ofthe three
tale ih the octal vage ors he
asia rer, which wuld be dif
rent.
The titer he trans fe rss
tor the mare acura wil be the mes
rormet a the unknown vola. For
ul den, any mero ameter or al
Yanometer can be used. However, the
‘more env th nll deer the
ELECTRONIC DANCING PEACOCK
er
CK SUNITH
und, doing um, and then dig it
ort agi. The ator has teed
Lo eps a air ee ung mt
bridge
cpu impedanee becomes lamer, How
‘ver, hi would increase the power di
pation nthe beige
‘The prisa linitatcn ofthis ar
rangement i the allowable power di
atin ef the reste in the Bret rin,
eros whieh the il spy oka
lind. Resistor in din Pat babe
ita the il pp wa 10
tolls Ragulted power supply lt)
aly hold bo wed inthis eit
LEDs arranged orig toa pede
termined put,
"Th ered is bul around bo dl
LR Mp IC 775, wich hae bees
‘rir 4 dehnen comia, Te count
Zoguencs of Ahi conte a shown in
Tale The fee running oct but
sound 1, poplar ine NESS, gn
1160 m value, The dal mark
m 0 09 wit in O1 vl step: Dik
I even str, having va of
1210 each, with dal marking (om
01009 al in 001 vo tp Th va
eo the etry a gen og aro LL
tines the tales othe restos in Be
reeling rn. The bris shown in the
intratn would ead the vals of oe
Tan voltage as 645 vol when the ll
ro end Y) as detallo br
Dall Byala
Dar Den
Dalit 000 vote
Tot BA vt
Note: 1. For the bre compl, the
guint ia as Bren rece @
Simpler form by EPIA Ihre wager,
as hou in Fig 2 for the bei of te
made,
bridge
pute
er
lower
value re:
ed the
2. Ps do o cof the dial cl
ages menton inside ech ofthe three
tale ih the octal vage ors he
asia rer, which wuld be dif
rent.
The titer he trans fe rss
tor the mare acura wil be the mes
rormet a the unknown vola. For
ul den, any mero ameter or al
Yanometer can be used. However, the
‘more env th nll deer the
ELECTRONIC DANCING PEACOCK
er
CK SUNITH
und, doing um, and then dig it
ort agi. The ator has teed
Lo eps a air ee ung mt
bridge
cpu impedanee becomes lamer, How
‘ver, hi would increase the power di
pation nthe beige
‘The prisa linitatcn ofthis ar
rangement i the allowable power di
atin ef the reste in the Bret rin,
eros whieh the il spy oka
lind. Resistor in din Pat babe
ita the il pp wa 10
tolls Ragulted power supply lt)
aly hold bo wed inthis eit
LEDs arranged orig toa pede
termined put,
"Th ered is bul around bo dl
LR Mp IC 775, wich hae bees
‘rir 4 dehnen comia, Te count
Zoguencs of Ahi conte a shown in
Tale The fee running oct but
sound 1, poplar ine NESS, gn
TET fi som ptt a
Soto Counter Cont Serene | ens sown Tal Len
re te ent o pop ges
Sid te amend cir
rss + e pr amet
B $$ fF But | Sis met gb beam of
Bb tt § HU | Uebel on alerte
PEE tie Dos | anbyenang em tr
Pois HSER | maria pl
INE
pe eo Mb | o coum ie The mean du
tho array of LED: a he otre of
ats approinatly IH waveform. The | th däply pel wi ol. When he
pat ef CL serves as tb cick input | et ek pe aes, lg lao
foc outer bi rund 102 ad C3. | bo cope tots receding Mi pad the
The cre canbe et by manen- | unter wil rad DI. As are, he
ar depressing eth SL When the ci | ray a LEDS adjsn othe ent ar
le L powered on, capaci CE wil be | ray on th en) wil In thi ah
{nly uncarged, wie reat tat | Sn the count progres upward 1
‘lhe ipa ar eared. Non, a he | reaches 111, when al te aay LEDs
apaca art cbr tomardthe po | wi be it Now the wings fhe poc
tive a, the clear inputs ofall be ip. | ar aly pend At this age, you may
opa po 6 lage and stay thee) and | manual ening the display ard eth
‘he pp re cabe. The unter be: | ap, ling ati etre Beton by
INVERTER OVERLOAD PROTECTOR
WITH DELAYED AUTO RESET 2.
SIDDHARTH SINGH
nom enon in inver a
ay permanently damage the |Incrpraing thi tre cme with à
Transit rar burn a | pr.
{he inner Some of redone me | The el resented er an een
‘ert sl nthe market do no etre | Had dtc which te dwn the im
vor thumb and fringe to semble |
ang pe
"The eountdown sequence of the
enter ib ine pen the am
te et do plc, hich nus he
‘ett ead 1110. A tage te
Fay of LEDs a the ete ft ley
panel ete The sure hen
unis downto 110 upon the arial o
the neat dock when the sry of LEDO
adjacent to he centre aay (on oth
‘i weil ab bn thir
er the wuntr continues Lo out don
{Othe content red 0000, when the
whole aras af LEDs are tun and
oe fll dei completed. Te cantor
thon stare ong sequence ll over
"Te cut une amende on gu
era purpose POB, The LEDs can be
‘Saeed ino a array a per the pattern
‘Shown inte fig. The ere rg
‘nh 5V and «LV DO supplies, The he
ca bo used festival dpa
vere in an rd codon. has the
Filing derbe tar:
TR bat dwn be ere and ao
proves audio el indication ofthe
‘reread ni
Ar shtml
stata the irte with lay af bs
onde. Tus e save th wer fom the
inner aed du 1a manual
tating De leno amiga
ares to reset te sate a gt.
+ permanently shuts dwn he in
verter and eatin ove aii war
ine in eas Dee are mor than tree
Soto Counter Cont Serene | ens sown Tal Len
re te ent o pop ges
Sid te amend cir
rss + e pr amet
B $$ fF But | Sis met gb beam of
Bb tt § HU | Uebel on alerte
PEE tie Dos | anbyenang em tr
Pois HSER | maria pl
INE
pe eo Mb | o coum ie The mean du
tho array of LED: a he otre of
ats approinatly IH waveform. The | th däply pel wi ol. When he
pat ef CL serves as tb cick input | et ek pe aes, lg lao
foc outer bi rund 102 ad C3. | bo cope tots receding Mi pad the
The cre canbe et by manen- | unter wil rad DI. As are, he
ar depressing eth SL When the ci | ray a LEDS adjsn othe ent ar
le L powered on, capaci CE wil be | ray on th en) wil In thi ah
{nly uncarged, wie reat tat | Sn the count progres upward 1
‘lhe ipa ar eared. Non, a he | reaches 111, when al te aay LEDs
apaca art cbr tomardthe po | wi be it Now the wings fhe poc
tive a, the clear inputs ofall be ip. | ar aly pend At this age, you may
opa po 6 lage and stay thee) and | manual ening the display ard eth
‘he pp re cabe. The unter be: | ap, ling ati etre Beton by
INVERTER OVERLOAD PROTECTOR
WITH DELAYED AUTO RESET 2.
SIDDHARTH SINGH
nom enon in inver a
ay permanently damage the |Incrpraing thi tre cme with à
Transit rar burn a | pr.
{he inner Some of redone me | The el resented er an een
‘ert sl nthe market do no etre | Had dtc which te dwn the im
vor thumb and fringe to semble |
ang pe
"The eountdown sequence of the
enter ib ine pen the am
te et do plc, hich nus he
‘ett ead 1110. A tage te
Fay of LEDs a the ete ft ley
panel ete The sure hen
unis downto 110 upon the arial o
the neat dock when the sry of LEDO
adjacent to he centre aay (on oth
‘i weil ab bn thir
er the wuntr continues Lo out don
{Othe content red 0000, when the
whole aras af LEDs are tun and
oe fll dei completed. Te cantor
thon stare ong sequence ll over
"Te cut une amende on gu
era purpose POB, The LEDs can be
‘Saeed ino a array a per the pattern
‘Shown inte fig. The ere rg
‘nh 5V and «LV DO supplies, The he
ca bo used festival dpa
vere in an rd codon. has the
Filing derbe tar:
TR bat dwn be ere and ao
proves audio el indication ofthe
‘reread ni
Ar shtml
stata the irte with lay af bs
onde. Tus e save th wer fom the
inner aed du 1a manual
tating De leno amiga
ares to reset te sate a gt.
+ permanently shuts dwn he in
verter and eatin ove aii war
ine in eas Dee are mor than tree
da sand at Seite
Ara ms opt pes
low whe the vlg a ts
pin 2 exceda 33V.
(Gouin an NESS tee) i
gr as a monatabe
ultbrater wi a
Push of 6 seconds
45 (CDIOID ix a CMOS
sc rurale Unde is condi, outer which cont the thre old
he tem has tobe manly st. Sue. | codos, afer which the syste has to
ie ved condon idiots that | b ret mamaly, y prepa
inner ouput is url era | on seh SL
wy cent is being dran y the con.
me bad)
‘The ri wes an ameter (0-904)
‘ean t et ord cod
a. Sach an ammeter is generally
poco in aa al vera Thi a.
ter anna between the mtv
Supply of the tater and the inverter, a
shown in Fig. The vohage dp | points (A and B respecte) ars the
crus di ame, dor to de ow of | ante.
‘arent vez mal Its amped by | + Points C and Don th ly tem
1, whichis wired a A
Pte having gin of 100 1C3(NESSS | the lady existing a rich de
TELEPHONE LINE BASED AUDIO
MUTING AND LIGHT-ON CIRCUIT
bum sia <>
Copiapo) conducts ad paar CI
Ir charged ad, aa, trator TL
ts award ins, As a el, ans
ay en ben eying mu or
thing TV at high audi lee
may mtb ables hear atte
inner a shown Fig LT means
{hat ee ofthe toledo terminal on
tho exiting wich has to be cut and the
tuted ve tobe eect ote ple
and NO nic respectively of lay
mn.
à The ammeter sold be conse
Inserio withthe negative erin fhe
ater and invrte, as so in Fg. 2
‘Nove he viera rect VR o De
extreme poston which is grounded
Sich ‘on th inverter, For a WOW in
rl, ant abr 250.2000 of ed
Non ast VR slo, wt the imerter
just tips or shuts, Repeat the sep
Ene. Uso godly pest with
dt over (og. multar ting ar
Folie perte
"The creat cn becs and secs
{uly instalo with minimum mia.
‘on th exiting inverter Al theo
ented ar heap and ready val.
ie The whale cet cn be asl
sa geoeragurpno PCB. The cut of
‘he me Grit nding rly beer,
nd PCB doe not exe Ma 10.
lee TH une, ang eri of
re HLL, RL2, and RL, Did Deon
‘ned in antegrade |
Tein dunt ih reise RL, provides
andy pth fr AC amet und in
Hing the tage seen ind ade
to à a vale during the raging. The
RS valo of ring vage Hes between
TO ad Oval RMS) Capacitar C mai.
ans naar voltage br inma
feevrd sing tania TI otha he
relay ar ot ener during the me
phone ing and thas mis a
Empero coming pone ll
"o ere htt, de
re prete hor canbe
Sed. The cut woul ato
aly gt a bulb on ar.
À lso. Lighting of the
Bat wd not only indie
an ing al but ao help
in ating tedepbone dur.
ing darks.
‘On ama of a ring, ar
wen the Hand bock,
The abut amor ICT
Ara ms opt pes
low whe the vlg a ts
pin 2 exceda 33V.
(Gouin an NESS tee) i
gr as a monatabe
ultbrater wi a
Push of 6 seconds
45 (CDIOID ix a CMOS
sc rurale Unde is condi, outer which cont the thre old
he tem has tobe manly st. Sue. | codos, afer which the syste has to
ie ved condon idiots that | b ret mamaly, y prepa
inner ouput is url era | on seh SL
wy cent is being dran y the con.
me bad)
‘The ri wes an ameter (0-904)
‘ean t et ord cod
a. Sach an ammeter is generally
poco in aa al vera Thi a.
ter anna between the mtv
Supply of the tater and the inverter, a
shown in Fig. The vohage dp | points (A and B respecte) ars the
crus di ame, dor to de ow of | ante.
‘arent vez mal Its amped by | + Points C and Don th ly tem
1, whichis wired a A
Pte having gin of 100 1C3(NESSS | the lady existing a rich de
TELEPHONE LINE BASED AUDIO
MUTING AND LIGHT-ON CIRCUIT
bum sia <>
Copiapo) conducts ad paar CI
Ir charged ad, aa, trator TL
ts award ins, As a el, ans
ay en ben eying mu or
thing TV at high audi lee
may mtb ables hear atte
inner a shown Fig LT means
{hat ee ofthe toledo terminal on
tho exiting wich has to be cut and the
tuted ve tobe eect ote ple
and NO nic respectively of lay
mn.
à The ammeter sold be conse
Inserio withthe negative erin fhe
ater and invrte, as so in Fg. 2
‘Nove he viera rect VR o De
extreme poston which is grounded
Sich ‘on th inverter, For a WOW in
rl, ant abr 250.2000 of ed
Non ast VR slo, wt the imerter
just tips or shuts, Repeat the sep
Ene. Uso godly pest with
dt over (og. multar ting ar
Folie perte
"The creat cn becs and secs
{uly instalo with minimum mia.
‘on th exiting inverter Al theo
ented ar heap and ready val.
ie The whale cet cn be asl
sa geoeragurpno PCB. The cut of
‘he me Grit nding rly beer,
nd PCB doe not exe Ma 10.
lee TH une, ang eri of
re HLL, RL2, and RL, Did Deon
‘ned in antegrade |
Tein dunt ih reise RL, provides
andy pth fr AC amet und in
Hing the tage seen ind ade
to à a vale during the raging. The
RS valo of ring vage Hes between
TO ad Oval RMS) Capacitar C mai.
ans naar voltage br inma
feevrd sing tania TI otha he
relay ar ot ener during the me
phone ing and thas mis a
Empero coming pone ll
"o ere htt, de
re prete hor canbe
Sed. The cut woul ato
aly gt a bulb on ar.
À lso. Lighting of the
Bat wd not only indie
an ing al but ao help
in ating tedepbone dur.
ing darks.
‘On ama of a ring, ar
wen the Hand bock,
The abut amor ICT
tie ha ad peri of ings
‘al, Once the banda ped up De
may wil il emai nord eee
‘flowimpedanee DC pth sala a
rad and hand) the ini.
‘id CL Mur conti al hon
anda a placed tek on send, he
Jowrimpelane ph though hand e
ciReuIT IDEAS
wore avaible and thos raps RL
rag HLS ae deca.
As own in he igre, the aer
rely RL exis om tho ght, whe
eration ray RLZ cast the path
{CTV speaker lea to be opened, or
atea TV, epic ely RLZ with
a DPDT ray of 620 hm Silay
‘ection of DPDT relay RLA opens
he eds ging to the spears ad bus
mutes oth disen, Use NC co
{ts flay RL sere with spears
fuse tom and NC tact of LP
{a is with TV sear Use NO com
ee of olay RL i sere th ul lo
{the ia din.
‘al, Once the banda ped up De
may wil il emai nord eee
‘flowimpedanee DC pth sala a
rad and hand) the ini.
‘id CL Mur conti al hon
anda a placed tek on send, he
Jowrimpelane ph though hand e
ciReuIT IDEAS
wore avaible and thos raps RL
rag HLS ae deca.
As own in he igre, the aer
rely RL exis om tho ght, whe
eration ray RLZ cast the path
{CTV speaker lea to be opened, or
atea TV, epic ely RLZ with
a DPDT ray of 620 hm Silay
‘ection of DPDT relay RLA opens
he eds ging to the spears ad bus
mutes oth disen, Use NC co
{ts flay RL sere with spears
fuse tom and NC tact of LP
{a is with TV sear Use NO com
ee of olay RL i sere th ul lo
{the ia din.
August
2000
2000
LANGUAGES—PART 1
(HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE)
K PADMANABHAN, S. ANANTHI, K. CHANDRASEKHARAN,
AND P. SWAMINATHAN
or laying texto Hind, En
hor any be dan ngage
a Te seen, as may be
‘urd for pub announcements ar ir
cate programa ee, pro thee
re two paul wae
TUR persona computer PO) with
a te bares ach athe bard dk,
mie ee, and develop ay à al
‘estar o play uch tes on te
Seren ung to hoard
2 Develop à dedicated Inn mi
sogen Bad sum emporio à
(entrer cet with tato irn:
‘rae foreach league.
"This arte provide the stare fe
we wih a PC based ute at ml as
te fa dedicated mors based
‘tem, completo with rey and ir
are programs Identities
{important ape orig ig |
{ext rotor Indian languages and
provides an licen alto. The sale
stare developed for bath the above
chos of daly is bed he pro
‘ed ell cing elton
‘The typewriter fo the Bog langues,
long wih is mechani, has been a
ends adopted fr alot all four In.
an languge with prctcaly change
In a got. The pains of keys and
{he oporto emai undhunge I has
same burrows okey, noting it
and ce haya with op om o mer
Laia
The combination vn ia din ln
gags such aso ao made as parte
oc characters, which pon stroke are
cn apacemiag Pesos ind in
despment and adoption of the Enga
Jin have devel aed the prb
em typing the arg number frac
tore noto inmost fhe Indian ln.
fing, entra a mer 82 (2 2)
arcs Eng guage Insp of
tho et that Hi, ofr that ater
‘anil r Tega e, have to en wih a
luge number of base avenant, which
cong, ily or dni, iva dally
lange fone th far board
als with ll of thr adequately 1 cn
ro fs ping. Our rained typ are
‘So make upto a srs per minute
(apyecimatly 18 words pr ut) in
‘he mt inte of indian angus.
Today, there is bth concen and
talk in seer ies, eg computer, le
communications, and ther hee nds
{ie lo dep a new Spe of lata
lay odian language, wäh heim
ain be eae development a
‘sy nah. In thir cnt ponte key
bards have ben propre and are aio
nou already, wh age! dales
aro stable comercial. Mes ey
ards d nt make se of ok chama
ter bt thn such board i ot el
build fo ti,
‘Generally. pewsting ls process
ted on int eo in een cal
ocre, wth le tng gin on
‘cop dwn the ain bei In
‘ler D pres the a hey
fn, anda o men ok 0 Blo ke
a artes the comepending bok Le.
den Ths th pron canbe ende
‘ph pesto ad nt easly fre
ten, We now of language ype, who
ren ar 3 yas of war, nino fo
‘pea a a y di hen dey were
og Soe o an cn eve alk whe
ping witht mis anything,
Nom, enter the phonetic keyboard
‘opt He as to apt each ltr men
{all ito ts vowed and sent parts
Sod st he connate and he ok
uence. Here, the det eo ng n-
Mex dc nat al plas, tease tor La
‘thinking pres ined Fr example
for ping boom, ho has o know the
rame 1 pl Ut nto aa, a,
And an ‘Thus the typist des ot
Pick up speed even afer conierable
Proce, ad a rel fatigue seta in
y hi
"A enn carr, the Indian an
age ave me characters dan those
Inthe Bogs lange. The weba
ASC cas fr gh ar ju 128 in
umbral several nt arse
ter and panctunion marks, Each ende
vis ee bts and bene tee ote
cel TH be tects Engh set.
Wi ou Inn languages, we hae var
inde ofcharcer:Commnantsare quite
sang, ed Ure ano sy ne:
ol achete wine me
dl puc of 198 For ths pupae the
‘tutor proposed sheet ming uch
ASC caos fr Hindi na el ante
Indian ngugus, wich crap space
128 jes el foreach. Based ne an
dar typewriter formal for Engl, Hind,
‘Tent a mod br oping ext of
‘hse and ter languages al mul
neous eb his rc,
“Tis propo chene feng wold
not eso any datrtance tthe pret
‘pins of thee langangs. They do ot
Ie underg fh Unig lr wing
‘the propos keyboard
The metodo making the ASCH coe
ut fray Indian Inguago la base on
the plas existing Keyboard Por x
‘ample in Engl Later as is
‘ad GIL So, the ede fr the Hind
eter (alo 68 ex. For Ta
SCI de Bx isd rn and
on fre ober langue table of
‘th eds o the the nung Hi,
Eng, ad Ta shown in abe L
“Character generator for Indian
language. Wale racers ofa la
‘tag toda arce guna, wich
Puta dus rectangular mare to de.
Piet he shape ofthe character on Ihe
‘ren the Eng language in sin
Pi frm of dla, manages to write
ie chante within a x 7 mars
‘ert, vin an 8 x8 mat, thre
is com gp lo (o inter charter
and inerrow space. But, in Bid and
(HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE)
K PADMANABHAN, S. ANANTHI, K. CHANDRASEKHARAN,
AND P. SWAMINATHAN
or laying texto Hind, En
hor any be dan ngage
a Te seen, as may be
‘urd for pub announcements ar ir
cate programa ee, pro thee
re two paul wae
TUR persona computer PO) with
a te bares ach athe bard dk,
mie ee, and develop ay à al
‘estar o play uch tes on te
Seren ung to hoard
2 Develop à dedicated Inn mi
sogen Bad sum emporio à
(entrer cet with tato irn:
‘rae foreach league.
"This arte provide the stare fe
we wih a PC based ute at ml as
te fa dedicated mors based
‘tem, completo with rey and ir
are programs Identities
{important ape orig ig |
{ext rotor Indian languages and
provides an licen alto. The sale
stare developed for bath the above
chos of daly is bed he pro
‘ed ell cing elton
‘The typewriter fo the Bog langues,
long wih is mechani, has been a
ends adopted fr alot all four In.
an languge with prctcaly change
In a got. The pains of keys and
{he oporto emai undhunge I has
same burrows okey, noting it
and ce haya with op om o mer
Laia
The combination vn ia din ln
gags such aso ao made as parte
oc characters, which pon stroke are
cn apacemiag Pesos ind in
despment and adoption of the Enga
Jin have devel aed the prb
em typing the arg number frac
tore noto inmost fhe Indian ln.
fing, entra a mer 82 (2 2)
arcs Eng guage Insp of
tho et that Hi, ofr that ater
‘anil r Tega e, have to en wih a
luge number of base avenant, which
cong, ily or dni, iva dally
lange fone th far board
als with ll of thr adequately 1 cn
ro fs ping. Our rained typ are
‘So make upto a srs per minute
(apyecimatly 18 words pr ut) in
‘he mt inte of indian angus.
Today, there is bth concen and
talk in seer ies, eg computer, le
communications, and ther hee nds
{ie lo dep a new Spe of lata
lay odian language, wäh heim
ain be eae development a
‘sy nah. In thir cnt ponte key
bards have ben propre and are aio
nou already, wh age! dales
aro stable comercial. Mes ey
ards d nt make se of ok chama
ter bt thn such board i ot el
build fo ti,
‘Generally. pewsting ls process
ted on int eo in een cal
ocre, wth le tng gin on
‘cop dwn the ain bei In
‘ler D pres the a hey
fn, anda o men ok 0 Blo ke
a artes the comepending bok Le.
den Ths th pron canbe ende
‘ph pesto ad nt easly fre
ten, We now of language ype, who
ren ar 3 yas of war, nino fo
‘pea a a y di hen dey were
og Soe o an cn eve alk whe
ping witht mis anything,
Nom, enter the phonetic keyboard
‘opt He as to apt each ltr men
{all ito ts vowed and sent parts
Sod st he connate and he ok
uence. Here, the det eo ng n-
Mex dc nat al plas, tease tor La
‘thinking pres ined Fr example
for ping boom, ho has o know the
rame 1 pl Ut nto aa, a,
And an ‘Thus the typist des ot
Pick up speed even afer conierable
Proce, ad a rel fatigue seta in
y hi
"A enn carr, the Indian an
age ave me characters dan those
Inthe Bogs lange. The weba
ASC cas fr gh ar ju 128 in
umbral several nt arse
ter and panctunion marks, Each ende
vis ee bts and bene tee ote
cel TH be tects Engh set.
Wi ou Inn languages, we hae var
inde ofcharcer:Commnantsare quite
sang, ed Ure ano sy ne:
ol achete wine me
dl puc of 198 For ths pupae the
‘tutor proposed sheet ming uch
ASC caos fr Hindi na el ante
Indian ngugus, wich crap space
128 jes el foreach. Based ne an
dar typewriter formal for Engl, Hind,
‘Tent a mod br oping ext of
‘hse and ter languages al mul
neous eb his rc,
“Tis propo chene feng wold
not eso any datrtance tthe pret
‘pins of thee langangs. They do ot
Ie underg fh Unig lr wing
‘the propos keyboard
The metodo making the ASCH coe
ut fray Indian Inguago la base on
the plas existing Keyboard Por x
‘ample in Engl Later as is
‘ad GIL So, the ede fr the Hind
eter (alo 68 ex. For Ta
SCI de Bx isd rn and
on fre ober langue table of
‘th eds o the the nung Hi,
Eng, ad Ta shown in abe L
“Character generator for Indian
language. Wale racers ofa la
‘tag toda arce guna, wich
Puta dus rectangular mare to de.
Piet he shape ofthe character on Ihe
‘ren the Eng language in sin
Pi frm of dla, manages to write
ie chante within a x 7 mars
‘ert, vin an 8 x8 mat, thre
is com gp lo (o inter charter
and inerrow space. But, in Bid and
for at the
text char:
‘shown in
‘able
quired to
put the
fate for
Pred
generator,
fod heme
A ne
nono pec pue sau) una a endo por sooo 55010 weep pue 04
the space
needed fr
jaa m
felt he
characters
Er
Bu in
generally
employed
in ther
software,
he tat
ral
graphie
And heme
‘ureter Ina langage, we cannot | fr istanc ke tbe standard Tine Fo
manage to use evn a amp ft within | man of English, moro dus ned to be
thi 8 8 marc (hich neds one yt | town, and ne the character at ie
er line or 8 At pr character. Te | willbe ven eater han 12 2 dt
‘hale sz in odia language requires | Inthe proposed seme 12 12 dot,
{1212 matte and hones we eed 16. | fn xn ud, bth forte ddated
Byte space horita and Uta ef 12 | pra bed play shee st
x 18 = 18 bytes apace fer cach late. | elsa the PC hase cheme,
Purr a wats baer aking ota, | Sins me have abad mpd de
sont of memory onde.
Non ke ok athe keyboard
ro by om. The top rv conti mer
‘Se Nest vow starts wih and dn
ngs and sel PHA and bok
in ind with ad ihn ify prs
ing cop ve have o sam
ASCH equivale cles, Le, 5 ex and
Thee epee.
text char:
‘shown in
‘able
quired to
put the
fate for
Pred
generator,
fod heme
A ne
nono pec pue sau) una a endo por sooo 55010 weep pue 04
the space
needed fr
jaa m
felt he
characters
Er
Bu in
generally
employed
in ther
software,
he tat
ral
graphie
And heme
‘ureter Ina langage, we cannot | fr istanc ke tbe standard Tine Fo
manage to use evn a amp ft within | man of English, moro dus ned to be
thi 8 8 marc (hich neds one yt | town, and ne the character at ie
er line or 8 At pr character. Te | willbe ven eater han 12 2 dt
‘hale sz in odia language requires | Inthe proposed seme 12 12 dot,
{1212 matte and hones we eed 16. | fn xn ud, bth forte ddated
Byte space horita and Uta ef 12 | pra bed play shee st
x 18 = 18 bytes apace fer cach late. | elsa the PC hase cheme,
Purr a wats baer aking ota, | Sins me have abad mpd de
sont of memory onde.
Non ke ok athe keyboard
ro by om. The top rv conti mer
‘Se Nest vow starts wih and dn
ngs and sel PHA and bok
in ind with ad ihn ify prs
ing cop ve have o sam
ASCH equivale cles, Le, 5 ex and
Thee epee.
FE TON GE casa wegen
The act generator i jst it
of ef the character in an order.
(hoe mt necesa require any hard
are Though uch et of ds, stored
Jn tis odin en EPROM cn ea bard
stare cmp Ta the PC ase Sgn,
{hi la ja e containing the dt pa
ters, wl inthe den ing a dd
tated CRT control wih» mémo
foe ii actually hare compe:
‘ii an EPRONL
"Addrening mode or character gen
era fle shene La un ake eter Y
In Hd hich as he SCT qlo
de cf Gt hex. We mad a high ares
nd lo adres ss uml. Sapos.
Pon of a dep pr,
he high dds fr Hin arts a page
10 ani gue up o pel (wth each
uo cumplas 256 bye). I pago 10,
cations 0 though Fae wed fi ar
ing thew adres wh 60 rag
FF are wed br sirios high dires
foreach haractr Ari the
Jo adden re st 10 64 and the
ph ade 1 4 (054 + 80= 1060,
he have lk atthe ha content 0
wa Bh LSet Aas
DE OF NS Bre ot Adee
‘Note: The pagelcation ci hes
content of ile containing these tnd
ct addresses und de oder are pro
posed 1 de ind in BEV-CD during
Sept 200.
mean thatthe atl die tr
ingfrn he ad 14 B 1000+ OB,
So, ihe fo indirect drone mode
‘Te actual box vals of the dots Tr
‘ach ofthe ts lines Gn 1 yt fr
ae dared conceive beans,
tar wth adress DA as standen
ih
‘Tia indirect addressing scheme a
ved becas Y cable u to me die
ot peso ot ater, y Jas pio,
tos ren rss table. Alo De dr
rs tb amp he ASC cdo
The act generator i jst it
of ef the character in an order.
(hoe mt necesa require any hard
are Though uch et of ds, stored
Jn tis odin en EPROM cn ea bard
stare cmp Ta the PC ase Sgn,
{hi la ja e containing the dt pa
ters, wl inthe den ing a dd
tated CRT control wih» mémo
foe ii actually hare compe:
‘ii an EPRONL
"Addrening mode or character gen
era fle shene La un ake eter Y
In Hd hich as he SCT qlo
de cf Gt hex. We mad a high ares
nd lo adres ss uml. Sapos.
Pon of a dep pr,
he high dds fr Hin arts a page
10 ani gue up o pel (wth each
uo cumplas 256 bye). I pago 10,
cations 0 though Fae wed fi ar
ing thew adres wh 60 rag
FF are wed br sirios high dires
foreach haractr Ari the
Jo adden re st 10 64 and the
ph ade 1 4 (054 + 80= 1060,
he have lk atthe ha content 0
wa Bh LSet Aas
DE OF NS Bre ot Adee
‘Note: The pagelcation ci hes
content of ile containing these tnd
ct addresses und de oder are pro
posed 1 de ind in BEV-CD during
Sept 200.
mean thatthe atl die tr
ingfrn he ad 14 B 1000+ OB,
So, ihe fo indirect drone mode
‘Te actual box vals of the dots Tr
‘ach ofthe ts lines Gn 1 yt fr
ae dared conceive beans,
tar wth adress DA as standen
ih
‘Tia indirect addressing scheme a
ved becas Y cable u to me die
ot peso ot ater, y Jas pio,
tos ren rss table. Alo De dr
rs tb amp he ASC cdo
ind, En nd Tas dpa igen
in BASIO gine o age Tis works
fn an TBM PC with mn rections of
‘memory, and can wrk diel Fun à
‘eso 10, but the same i comparo
vs Quik BASIC or cher sir BA-
SIC interpreters werking en he
ro
"The program fit ad ho fle for
acts fr ur angagen Then the
er i aed o enter PI te 4 eya to
ls the lenge and So L pta
u vere Far sing sal rage bt. Ay
The tal foreach language wil ot | tine during pin txt on seen, o
need mor than pages in an EPROM or | foc eye ma be grund 0 change
2k yes na He Thun in one 2264, iis | the language, ied
sl a hone he character generator | FI Ta
odos forfour languages, ay Eng and | 2 Ends
Are eer aa language En
PL Far page
PO based design ‘Te character gear here a ik
contas the sme 24 of nds re
Inthe PC Based design tb sar wit | used fr the hardware based design
any order, because we ate a wry to | ten in BASIC ads a table fds rm | that follows. This ie stared as fle
veto any sre in Ue lnk tale! |» fe, Tis Els having the same data | eam hich read and waved in he
‘hat works really when we ac sve | as the EPROM in the dicte me
Bern to prepare the nt codes and mx | proces based eg.
eyes The solar Br the computer based
How only docs one prepare the | plays made impo cough tobe und.
table of deta? Take a graph set and | with any PC without tho eu fr large
make 12x 12 nange Paik the ar. | mener or da pce cl wok even
‘erin this ast would appear when | with ve dopy system, wih just a 388 | the next sren. For example, om one
Printed. Tho dots mus be darkened to | based PO even. The Cos or er ln. | ren a Hind prom could bo pod to
‘ow op the carter: Pings | gage ar mor ray veto aná: | gor wih ts Bagh nd Teal tas
portant ne hs t mak sue hat had, | gure a hard dik lo work with The Cos | latina
HP appnded o his character wil fal | rary already has erent fonts and | _ Printing a page simply done using
within the ace of 12x12 wit et | ss Engic and wo us hs Hvar | the Grapher program, wich conos
Ung oc merging. Fo explo, a aná | to we waned sn of txt on ren | ith DOS, The mos born pro rn.
la Vas writing mus de prat hy | English Bu uni th ray fr dan | ing BASIC as
ing se pete bok o > Grin
rer rqure Then, king at Fig 3, De
fr al 6) o ad the dt Gi ies) "nase
in complisentary frm and write them | language, but Ue hae ot pat hom in | Afar entering text on oe page tea
dom aude rar frm as the pra ofthe | be ited uso hi + ein ren eya
Ue 1-100 Lie 5.010 Une #6 language i it fr Eng language No | "Tis program ia simple version and
12020 Line 1 Ln 16010 | Hero fr vids daly fr Indian In: | ter ver with fl trae and pit
103.20 Lie 198 Une i1.4m | guages ar comen arab eplting | ing fly can be prepared with extra
et FFF Li 19 ine 2000 | the enacts of te Ce, Un then, | statements
"The vales are complemented and | we eed to write ede ar and when we | "For the woof het, non
written as mo mbble at Train. | want and bere BASIC ls beter sued” | sary to wnt the career re of te
Completing neesary to maño FF | _ Here th program has hen deve: | respective langage) on ky ps af he
agpca a lank en th seen. The able | oped ia ASIC rather than Cos e ter | EM PC td ast rng he in
{hs baie fr ka Ge, ocupas 1 | Winds based aware, hr the simple | tl yin ape
rt nibs shown ows | ron that ld bo med reiben | Note The program in BASIC, 0
Aa ne hy its ping even simple PC | ur with it camped EXE fle ll
um mme | AT compute de presenta in Sp. 2000 EY CO. The
um RR FE PF ‘he program fr computer based | 8 A st ami fl conning the
in BASIO gine o age Tis works
fn an TBM PC with mn rections of
‘memory, and can wrk diel Fun à
‘eso 10, but the same i comparo
vs Quik BASIC or cher sir BA-
SIC interpreters werking en he
ro
"The program fit ad ho fle for
acts fr ur angagen Then the
er i aed o enter PI te 4 eya to
ls the lenge and So L pta
u vere Far sing sal rage bt. Ay
The tal foreach language wil ot | tine during pin txt on seen, o
need mor than pages in an EPROM or | foc eye ma be grund 0 change
2k yes na He Thun in one 2264, iis | the language, ied
sl a hone he character generator | FI Ta
odos forfour languages, ay Eng and | 2 Ends
Are eer aa language En
PL Far page
PO based design ‘Te character gear here a ik
contas the sme 24 of nds re
Inthe PC Based design tb sar wit | used fr the hardware based design
any order, because we ate a wry to | ten in BASIC ads a table fds rm | that follows. This ie stared as fle
veto any sre in Ue lnk tale! |» fe, Tis Els having the same data | eam hich read and waved in he
‘hat works really when we ac sve | as the EPROM in the dicte me
Bern to prepare the nt codes and mx | proces based eg.
eyes The solar Br the computer based
How only docs one prepare the | plays made impo cough tobe und.
table of deta? Take a graph set and | with any PC without tho eu fr large
make 12x 12 nange Paik the ar. | mener or da pce cl wok even
‘erin this ast would appear when | with ve dopy system, wih just a 388 | the next sren. For example, om one
Printed. Tho dots mus be darkened to | based PO even. The Cos or er ln. | ren a Hind prom could bo pod to
‘ow op the carter: Pings | gage ar mor ray veto aná: | gor wih ts Bagh nd Teal tas
portant ne hs t mak sue hat had, | gure a hard dik lo work with The Cos | latina
HP appnded o his character wil fal | rary already has erent fonts and | _ Printing a page simply done using
within the ace of 12x12 wit et | ss Engic and wo us hs Hvar | the Grapher program, wich conos
Ung oc merging. Fo explo, a aná | to we waned sn of txt on ren | ith DOS, The mos born pro rn.
la Vas writing mus de prat hy | English Bu uni th ray fr dan | ing BASIC as
ing se pete bok o > Grin
rer rqure Then, king at Fig 3, De
fr al 6) o ad the dt Gi ies) "nase
in complisentary frm and write them | language, but Ue hae ot pat hom in | Afar entering text on oe page tea
dom aude rar frm as the pra ofthe | be ited uso hi + ein ren eya
Ue 1-100 Lie 5.010 Une #6 language i it fr Eng language No | "Tis program ia simple version and
12020 Line 1 Ln 16010 | Hero fr vids daly fr Indian In: | ter ver with fl trae and pit
103.20 Lie 198 Une i1.4m | guages ar comen arab eplting | ing fly can be prepared with extra
et FFF Li 19 ine 2000 | the enacts of te Ce, Un then, | statements
"The vales are complemented and | we eed to write ede ar and when we | "For the woof het, non
written as mo mbble at Train. | want and bere BASIC ls beter sued” | sary to wnt the career re of te
Completing neesary to maño FF | _ Here th program has hen deve: | respective langage) on ky ps af he
agpca a lank en th seen. The able | oped ia ASIC rather than Cos e ter | EM PC td ast rng he in
{hs baie fr ka Ge, ocupas 1 | Winds based aware, hr the simple | tl yin ape
rt nibs shown ows | ron that ld bo med reiben | Note The program in BASIC, 0
Aa ne hy its ping even simple PC | ur with it camped EXE fle ll
um mme | AT compute de presenta in Sp. 2000 EY CO. The
um RR FE PF ‘he program fr computer based | 8 A st ami fl conning the
‘TABLE I: ASCII Key Codes for English, Hindi, and Tamil languages
UK) denotes hack character
SEU COE ENSUE AMD TAM ASE Code ENGLISH NOEL TARIE
29 SPACE ry » 1m ©
a 1 a 2 2 3 ©
2 « “ 2 co 5 =
2 £ x “ > 04 9
a 4 8 ss e © OB
E bo => ss Fo Tos
26 (a) w 5 & €
2 : 12 * er
a co % “ ror #8
a » BR “5 8 7
2 os 3 “ va
28 + 8 ) «e Lo Eos
x sos CE
2 2 <æ 7 eH $ €
e Ñ En, ke o Ga
oF 7 sh so a = Guy
30 o o + Al a um
a \ mo a ro zo.
E 2 2 2 2 s ins
» 3 5 3 ss TF m
5 voz 6
5 , oo. % va: 9
à ı m 7 o o” <a a
3 si | u Pag
x & = 5A z ah ©
30 AY a Fe th
x a? > 5 à
E © Der
so & 7 ae Ñ
so y a se n 4 €
a E se =o
® ba ” 5 10
e € toe a < Sm £
“ 6 3 a à rg &
5 + og 68 » < Soy
ss 1 fos m oq à
o so Eos 5 oo A 9
se don 1 oa 4
= ; 4 7% al) 2
a 1 =» 1 1 7 3
“ x Ta » ro. à
ce LE + na KO om
® m5 M À eng
1e
À
UK) denotes hack character
SEU COE ENSUE AMD TAM ASE Code ENGLISH NOEL TARIE
29 SPACE ry » 1m ©
a 1 a 2 2 3 ©
2 « “ 2 co 5 =
2 £ x “ > 04 9
a 4 8 ss e © OB
E bo => ss Fo Tos
26 (a) w 5 & €
2 : 12 * er
a co % “ ror #8
a » BR “5 8 7
2 os 3 “ va
28 + 8 ) «e Lo Eos
x sos CE
2 2 <æ 7 eH $ €
e Ñ En, ke o Ga
oF 7 sh so a = Guy
30 o o + Al a um
a \ mo a ro zo.
E 2 2 2 2 s ins
» 3 5 3 ss TF m
5 voz 6
5 , oo. % va: 9
à ı m 7 o o” <a a
3 si | u Pag
x & = 5A z ah ©
30 AY a Fe th
x a? > 5 à
E © Der
so & 7 ae Ñ
so y a se n 4 €
a E se =o
® ba ” 5 10
e € toe a < Sm £
“ 6 3 a à rg &
5 + og 68 » < Soy
ss 1 fos m oq à
o so Eos 5 oo A 9
se don 1 oa 4
= ; 4 7% al) 2
a 1 =» 1 1 7 3
“ x Ta » ro. à
ce LE + na KO om
® m5 M À eng
1e
À
Program In BASIC or Computer Based Display or English. Hnd, Tamil, ete Languages
LP
eee [ied
matos ‘Paes tn gob on
fee Odi veu FRET RET tea: tetas:
ARES cn
ony nd re he ar fr 256 | fn en tp 00
‘os | 90 thn mmo à
cad) o
LT En meet at
Fe ain 027 and gh adn | nr
1 D ote apd
He 9101007 tar 256 <i) = eda) à ane 18
me a eg
Fan ‘dune
SEA ec
si at
sen ie
od Ñ Con bt st 610 ole
Ein QU 1100 te fel 023 + pa
het na sacos >
ERS pen
aia ines
Seer ne
Sr E
a SRE
Pe
ei en aren 128700
{ake hn Sen e
Ah ep 2 Zone
HET da hno ao de
Cat on a gto 2 3 The
So Be wien
qn em pt ES
E pe
RO aa Me a Eu
{Fea ten ns 90 dupe
Seas Ben:
re Kirn
Be oa
{pater forthe four langage la re intgratl single board within à ct of
(gure wo be pret in the veria di | oleate spay unt design | Ru ne. he TV daly ta Son 1
‘cor for PC based program to wrk | A nt a this os a Ic tin | ine) mena cs es than 100 lo.
Thi fe is alo propo 1 Be isd | fra publ play The cal db | day, andthe same vo ial can be
ch Sep 2000 BAND. in the eo canbe assed en an | ur for mile pin
LP
eee [ied
matos ‘Paes tn gob on
fee Odi veu FRET RET tea: tetas:
ARES cn
ony nd re he ar fr 256 | fn en tp 00
‘os | 90 thn mmo à
cad) o
LT En meet at
Fe ain 027 and gh adn | nr
1 D ote apd
He 9101007 tar 256 <i) = eda) à ane 18
me a eg
Fan ‘dune
SEA ec
si at
sen ie
od Ñ Con bt st 610 ole
Ein QU 1100 te fel 023 + pa
het na sacos >
ERS pen
aia ines
Seer ne
Sr E
a SRE
Pe
ei en aren 128700
{ake hn Sen e
Ah ep 2 Zone
HET da hno ao de
Cat on a gto 2 3 The
So Be wien
qn em pt ES
E pe
RO aa Me a Eu
{Fea ten ns 90 dupe
Seas Ben:
re Kirn
Be oa
{pater forthe four langage la re intgratl single board within à ct of
(gure wo be pret in the veria di | oleate spay unt design | Ru ne. he TV daly ta Son 1
‘cor for PC based program to wrk | A nt a this os a Ic tin | ine) mena cs es than 100 lo.
Thi fe is alo propo 1 Be isd | fra publ play The cal db | day, andthe same vo ial can be
ch Sep 2000 BAND. in the eo canbe assed en an | ur for mile pin
‘The deco CRT coil chip 6845
os hn popular ever snc it was fr
‘ed y te IBM in ts play enter
card Te cit a this bard ben
In Figs 1) and 10 compris
1 Video goneatin ey indud-
ing dot and character oia
2 Pal orden RAM.
3 Character dt pate EPROM te
fou anges
"1005 hare on EPROM o fur
1 6345 CRT cote IC
Fig. show the 8085 miope
sor and its signal. Cytol 4 Me be
ten i pins Land 2 reis he dock
fer te procs ok ad work Rest
ins conecto get ese upon
wore Manual resting lo par
hl wing ut ah SL The areas
eu dat gal Ines ADO ADT are en
‘ected ALSIP att separo he
‘tires galo ADAT ong the ALE
ae rm pin 30 of 8086. Die daba
‘mets o all dein euch a EPROM,
RAM nd he 71265 aden trans
(eier. Sin of tho data Ins are alo
Sonnet o np prt (at DO addres
SD ung a 148 IC fe providing fat
"its of outpts ("to DB). The input
ale a LO ads 0) emphyin a
2 aero 1 hi a ipa The PO
Tear ata and clack sige ao cn
ected a dat bas vi o a te input
e
The Address dederi 74156 wich
as pen elector output. I enla
hui pat decode main
Io cnbinel y ju nine ben wird
OR fashion ing the drs ins Al,
ANI, and AO, he doer provides cht
hip set signals the odes gee
‘shown in the gre. Bach ett ev:
(stk memory range Thu pins 9 and
10 had) sea te chip elt gal
{oe EPROM covering a 2X memory de
Ar space (Alou ne 7764 a 0k
[EPROM scualy ace nowadays cly
A EPROM Cs are esl avala and
‘as programmable while 2k capacity
PROD ar alist hole and it
Lo pam me mod 25V premios
palo) The dds range or EPROM
Tis OU Sitar pins 1 ad 12
aro one other 8 provide address
ange rm OSIOOFFF. Tei the «ip
Sele gl rte sed ERPOM, wie
Sloe the character dot paies fe the
FA
E
ae
Eon: Mise wel
E a
LI dp
SEE
¡longue Triton a 264 and the
chipset gral range nly 2, but the
{oa rang fr string a langunge
(par each nee A range The
hein athe rangolanguageis ane
ty ao on Le Treu pu ie
Dead DY, which are wired Al and
AE area iso the 276 barca
‘oertor EPRON which can bo sled
‘ng the foc hey a lid be-
Im
"Te np por SN, sing TS, i
Le enn language sl ma.
‘he language ened ping et
Fltogh on the FCs estar, Tie
cams ie DO and DI we be put en
‘ho 47 output ports a india thes
etn by tv a the LEDs wind a a
tp Ty ethers, Dé and DS lis
np por ae coud tthe ala and
lock pins ho IBM PC ghar on.
‘The RAM chip 254 (8 memory) a
‘aed in the cei. Homer, ely Ik
(1000:12FF) ofits addrees space de
‘ied, So, gh ars ins ATT
and Aidan permancly mae ug
A chip CSI ind ee
pin Bo TGS IC, wich covers 140.
ITEP addres range. Ts goes t me
tho veo RAM 62256, Though a 6226 of
‘0k mener à ed el 1% acta
‘aed. Ya pin 1 is made permanent
‘hgh This chip select uss the ares
lines AD to AS having anaes range
jt bie jas the bw rer merry
‘tthe video A
A chipset 2 CSD sen eso
slats TAS tc ond ith he vio
RAM crt This ed o sup the
igh oder adres (AS rough AS) to
the veo memory. an
‘An nat chipset CS si
sal ted fr sing the 685 CRT
‘ate o program its mde of pen.
Lis eto po rotor of 32 ines and
SD ame queno
Año car design bythe autre
an ASCI kind had boe sed. Tis
ASCH keyboard used dead key
‘rd enter IC, and the Kay were
id i the fabio of the typewriter
eps ming we of ees fun to
a lin PCB and wing te comics to
tho 10 as pe is data sec There are
164 fr making such an ASCH board.
"The ASSN is me much IC. The ASC
‘ode fr he key pre iuipat sa
‘eee ty tha.
hs nw design, the aor have
ol an IMT PC AD estan The at.
thos he given such a PC Kesar far
‘har Hane Computer Projet eer EF
Eros Project, VOL 1D. Thi was à
hard ofthe ler o, the XT hy
‘ard, but now the teal vale (or
Rs 200 AT koba has bee empleyed
fu ocn! dese.
‘The ear abled wi Egli,
Mindi nd Tamil career, as pr the
tanda typenrir mat. De frst
frenan Tamal acters are shown
Do
rates the conta si
BD tov low seal)
uted in conjunction with
TALSO2 and 74L500 gates shown in
Fig 2) ain separate rnd and write
(id sole hr meme or input
pat, te MR, SW, TOR, ON fr we in
{he det
os hn popular ever snc it was fr
‘ed y te IBM in ts play enter
card Te cit a this bard ben
In Figs 1) and 10 compris
1 Video goneatin ey indud-
ing dot and character oia
2 Pal orden RAM.
3 Character dt pate EPROM te
fou anges
"1005 hare on EPROM o fur
1 6345 CRT cote IC
Fig. show the 8085 miope
sor and its signal. Cytol 4 Me be
ten i pins Land 2 reis he dock
fer te procs ok ad work Rest
ins conecto get ese upon
wore Manual resting lo par
hl wing ut ah SL The areas
eu dat gal Ines ADO ADT are en
‘ected ALSIP att separo he
‘tires galo ADAT ong the ALE
ae rm pin 30 of 8086. Die daba
‘mets o all dein euch a EPROM,
RAM nd he 71265 aden trans
(eier. Sin of tho data Ins are alo
Sonnet o np prt (at DO addres
SD ung a 148 IC fe providing fat
"its of outpts ("to DB). The input
ale a LO ads 0) emphyin a
2 aero 1 hi a ipa The PO
Tear ata and clack sige ao cn
ected a dat bas vi o a te input
e
The Address dederi 74156 wich
as pen elector output. I enla
hui pat decode main
Io cnbinel y ju nine ben wird
OR fashion ing the drs ins Al,
ANI, and AO, he doer provides cht
hip set signals the odes gee
‘shown in the gre. Bach ett ev:
(stk memory range Thu pins 9 and
10 had) sea te chip elt gal
{oe EPROM covering a 2X memory de
Ar space (Alou ne 7764 a 0k
[EPROM scualy ace nowadays cly
A EPROM Cs are esl avala and
‘as programmable while 2k capacity
PROD ar alist hole and it
Lo pam me mod 25V premios
palo) The dds range or EPROM
Tis OU Sitar pins 1 ad 12
aro one other 8 provide address
ange rm OSIOOFFF. Tei the «ip
Sele gl rte sed ERPOM, wie
Sloe the character dot paies fe the
FA
E
ae
Eon: Mise wel
E a
LI dp
SEE
¡longue Triton a 264 and the
chipset gral range nly 2, but the
{oa rang fr string a langunge
(par each nee A range The
hein athe rangolanguageis ane
ty ao on Le Treu pu ie
Dead DY, which are wired Al and
AE area iso the 276 barca
‘oertor EPRON which can bo sled
‘ng the foc hey a lid be-
Im
"Te np por SN, sing TS, i
Le enn language sl ma.
‘he language ened ping et
Fltogh on the FCs estar, Tie
cams ie DO and DI we be put en
‘ho 47 output ports a india thes
etn by tv a the LEDs wind a a
tp Ty ethers, Dé and DS lis
np por ae coud tthe ala and
lock pins ho IBM PC ghar on.
‘The RAM chip 254 (8 memory) a
‘aed in the cei. Homer, ely Ik
(1000:12FF) ofits addrees space de
‘ied, So, gh ars ins ATT
and Aidan permancly mae ug
A chip CSI ind ee
pin Bo TGS IC, wich covers 140.
ITEP addres range. Ts goes t me
tho veo RAM 62256, Though a 6226 of
‘0k mener à ed el 1% acta
‘aed. Ya pin 1 is made permanent
‘hgh This chip select uss the ares
lines AD to AS having anaes range
jt bie jas the bw rer merry
‘tthe video A
A chipset 2 CSD sen eso
slats TAS tc ond ith he vio
RAM crt This ed o sup the
igh oder adres (AS rough AS) to
the veo memory. an
‘An nat chipset CS si
sal ted fr sing the 685 CRT
‘ate o program its mde of pen.
Lis eto po rotor of 32 ines and
SD ame queno
Año car design bythe autre
an ASCI kind had boe sed. Tis
ASCH keyboard used dead key
‘rd enter IC, and the Kay were
id i the fabio of the typewriter
eps ming we of ees fun to
a lin PCB and wing te comics to
tho 10 as pe is data sec There are
164 fr making such an ASCH board.
"The ASSN is me much IC. The ASC
‘ode fr he key pre iuipat sa
‘eee ty tha.
hs nw design, the aor have
ol an IMT PC AD estan The at.
thos he given such a PC Kesar far
‘har Hane Computer Projet eer EF
Eros Project, VOL 1D. Thi was à
hard ofthe ler o, the XT hy
‘ard, but now the teal vale (or
Rs 200 AT koba has bee empleyed
fu ocn! dese.
‘The ear abled wi Egli,
Mindi nd Tamil career, as pr the
tanda typenrir mat. De frst
frenan Tamal acters are shown
Do
rates the conta si
BD tov low seal)
uted in conjunction with
TALSO2 and 74L500 gates shown in
Fig 2) ain separate rnd and write
(id sole hr meme or input
pat, te MR, SW, TOR, ON fr we in
{he det
in ZIP wicket and two box bir 7407
{cs The SV spy necked forthe inter
antennae
SIMPLE IC TESTER eet mo
AS
zu
A sten tn ct
smn ten
ee
From nr
Bee
ne
ere
1 tone lbs In eng
ein cle and ber int
ins nel ga I tester to
HE
‘ery e ery of een ed configuran e 9 her The
gi Ca. ICs 400 NAND) zus 7 Characters al mode ©
(AND, 12 (OR. 7486 (EXO, 7404 H perio of 8255 ae
les verte, 407 (Baler) e The 2 TR po
fra bes fall ch Cs ae arabe E refered 1 a reitero À
in dial 1 dita books. Based on ther tnd resp
tral tal one can write sable = 2 par
routs toto e ing an 808 m
‘copes kit and à minimal of ite
Escenas it,
referred la an Copier
Üomercompriing bite CO
‘Brough CI) and C rept
(uppereompeiing Dis CA
throat CD,
À Porta configured as
ut hive che pt
hie input ports are nt
etd
sressessaresanzal
‘Ws ar at the tha a st
tuo 4255 PPI (gramme peripheral | tn ofthe interface cect rg fr | 4 Any part ean be made ip or ut
Inter) Cs whose Inputbutpu ports | testing oiga! 1471 ang | pu There are 16 poso input
hive bon extend via muta como: | miss Et shown a Pg. Te | gui Peace ree Tae fr
tors, external usage. The figura. | interest compis simply a 1: | summary of the configurations and the
contra werd required to be ud during
{Silane 8255 frech nf
tation) Conte werd can aio be md
‘ith the bp of Fig 2
"he het Buße 10 7407 has
fee Yl ape cote uta, The put ef 16
Joss [| ede test hie is plored in the ZF
Socket, av combined with than f 7107
Joe || ina wed OR actualy wird AND) ah
fom To elo ii unen. ge 1 ie
ù agg sur cup en the 740 pes nec
¿us || put pins of 1 under ts A pus
le Ig np cainaon ae gen
Lo put pis 1 under et, whee
is pe at ali output pls via 255%
rogers A nd B reg 707 bu
SR Für ech ps combinan, the ge
ae of th ZF socket pins (as mi
by the 16 under tet is mad ater a
short dls) via Crete ofthe o
Bo The expect rls reach com:
bination ef ins, fr above mentioned
AC are shows ln Table a bx dg
(90 Gra a rag 1 under at 8255 PP On 085 meneur | Thee are ord in mar, in ns
or E
ap] .
{cs The SV spy necked forthe inter
antennae
SIMPLE IC TESTER eet mo
AS
zu
A sten tn ct
smn ten
ee
From nr
Bee
ne
ere
1 tone lbs In eng
ein cle and ber int
ins nel ga I tester to
HE
‘ery e ery of een ed configuran e 9 her The
gi Ca. ICs 400 NAND) zus 7 Characters al mode ©
(AND, 12 (OR. 7486 (EXO, 7404 H perio of 8255 ae
les verte, 407 (Baler) e The 2 TR po
fra bes fall ch Cs ae arabe E refered 1 a reitero À
in dial 1 dita books. Based on ther tnd resp
tral tal one can write sable = 2 par
routs toto e ing an 808 m
‘copes kit and à minimal of ite
Escenas it,
referred la an Copier
Üomercompriing bite CO
‘Brough CI) and C rept
(uppereompeiing Dis CA
throat CD,
À Porta configured as
ut hive che pt
hie input ports are nt
etd
sressessaresanzal
‘Ws ar at the tha a st
tuo 4255 PPI (gramme peripheral | tn ofthe interface cect rg fr | 4 Any part ean be made ip or ut
Inter) Cs whose Inputbutpu ports | testing oiga! 1471 ang | pu There are 16 poso input
hive bon extend via muta como: | miss Et shown a Pg. Te | gui Peace ree Tae fr
tors, external usage. The figura. | interest compis simply a 1: | summary of the configurations and the
contra werd required to be ud during
{Silane 8255 frech nf
tation) Conte werd can aio be md
‘ith the bp of Fig 2
"he het Buße 10 7407 has
fee Yl ape cote uta, The put ef 16
Joss [| ede test hie is plored in the ZF
Socket, av combined with than f 7107
Joe || ina wed OR actualy wird AND) ah
fom To elo ii unen. ge 1 ie
ù agg sur cup en the 740 pes nec
¿us || put pins of 1 under ts A pus
le Ig np cainaon ae gen
Lo put pis 1 under et, whee
is pe at ali output pls via 255%
rogers A nd B reg 707 bu
SR Für ech ps combinan, the ge
ae of th ZF socket pins (as mi
by the 16 under tet is mad ater a
short dls) via Crete ofthe o
Bo The expect rls reach com:
bination ef ins, fr above mentioned
AC are shows ln Table a bx dg
(90 Gra a rag 1 under at 8255 PP On 085 meneur | Thee are ord in mar, in ns
or E
ap] .
Sonarnucrion
TC Teer Program Environment
eos ap Lay va FROM RET TO HIT
Be =
mn =
em BE
be et a
eee nn
BE su
BE je
Be Bie
Bar m: roman
germes
ico
lene co
ER amooo
Den im
Be A
[vero 215004 1 son >; THE KEYBOARD AND STORE IN|
Le RE os
m: EN
Be dE js
Em Je, m
Se me
9057 Casts arımı ie
D dE jus
Be de
es Ode,
oe Es
f= 22 vs
Be Sn
BEE cn
ES de
=: EE soon sourate
En
um an où mon me cae
jara
BEE
Em TEE m
Es
i Site
a
Een mann
Em SEE ee
[9278 copie CALL PROCESS
FE Cool wo ope ga a modo
tine latin en O, o vey com
‘nation oinputs actual ed tl
los wi the stored dla ral combina:
the ef np, mage GOOD i di
Played on the Kit day any the
esl al, any fe ae ot
‘rking properly, menge BAD à dir
Payee te 8085 há
Fer convene, the Is hang on.
ti input ins and ering en.
teal input combination, have been
gro under a type ADF, AS,
And 786 have Den groupe a Type,
le 1404 and 407 have Ben raped
{Type and 7402 ae Type
‘When ih stare progr (nad
at FY for working on Dynal Miro
Friend. st) neue th 808
Jat the display shows CIC. Now enter
‘he at o ise the IC number ade
{ese (the last bat en Blu by the
Tat oe fr anc fr IC 704 ente ©
flowed by 41 Please abe er to pce
the IC in the ZP socket wäh. proper
rento and pos Next. Depending
‘on performance al he gates oF TC ue
der txt, the mage GOOD or BAD
‘ll appear ni dap
or addressing peripheral devices
(6255, 8279), 10 mapped drs sce
as een employed EF Yo rs
ave Den modified in accordance with
the analog Ki used fer th purpose.
‘Other sr wold neo mei pr
‘ram aren space as well s putt
Pu adres er the pere tay,
ds crane ih du spe usd
y them. Such opeodes ich ae ipa
tpt adres dependent hve Inn a
‘ted wih an work mark, The al
TC Teer Program Environment
eos ap Lay va FROM RET TO HIT
Be =
mn =
em BE
be et a
eee nn
BE su
BE je
Be Bie
Bar m: roman
germes
ico
lene co
ER amooo
Den im
Be A
[vero 215004 1 son >; THE KEYBOARD AND STORE IN|
Le RE os
m: EN
Be dE js
Em Je, m
Se me
9057 Casts arımı ie
D dE jus
Be de
es Ode,
oe Es
f= 22 vs
Be Sn
BEE cn
ES de
=: EE soon sourate
En
um an où mon me cae
jara
BEE
Em TEE m
Es
i Site
a
Een mann
Em SEE ee
[9278 copie CALL PROCESS
FE Cool wo ope ga a modo
tine latin en O, o vey com
‘nation oinputs actual ed tl
los wi the stored dla ral combina:
the ef np, mage GOOD i di
Played on the Kit day any the
esl al, any fe ae ot
‘rking properly, menge BAD à dir
Payee te 8085 há
Fer convene, the Is hang on.
ti input ins and ering en.
teal input combination, have been
gro under a type ADF, AS,
And 786 have Den groupe a Type,
le 1404 and 407 have Ben raped
{Type and 7402 ae Type
‘When ih stare progr (nad
at FY for working on Dynal Miro
Friend. st) neue th 808
Jat the display shows CIC. Now enter
‘he at o ise the IC number ade
{ese (the last bat en Blu by the
Tat oe fr anc fr IC 704 ente ©
flowed by 41 Please abe er to pce
the IC in the ZP socket wäh. proper
rento and pos Next. Depending
‘on performance al he gates oF TC ue
der txt, the mage GOOD or BAD
‘ll appear ni dap
or addressing peripheral devices
(6255, 8279), 10 mapped drs sce
as een employed EF Yo rs
ave Den modified in accordance with
the analog Ki used fer th purpose.
‘Other sr wold neo mei pr
‘ram aren space as well s putt
Pu adres er the pere tay,
ds crane ih du spe usd
y them. Such opeodes ich ae ipa
tpt adres dependent hve Inn a
‘ted wih an work mark, The al
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AC Description OH
A aL Ble
ml! o 1 lo 1 af wie
worm RE
ici E EE EE
sms E ENEE EE
E A A ly | | ernatoomtvidicati sobrostinos pe
feo AA E: 2 (een
Tavera aan [OT To IL TIL | cr Te compte ade of ores space
en o lo ito rfi 1 0| 24 | | used fer the program and peripheral de-
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5 HH a
A AA | coment aed where ered
Fa ER | ieee sa te
mu [iii rl
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ml! o 1 lo 1 af wie
worm RE
ici E EE EE
sms E ENEE EE
E A A ly | | ernatoomtvidicati sobrostinos pe
feo AA E: 2 (een
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CIRCUIT IDEAS
LOW-COST PCO BILLING METER
DHURJATI SINHA See
crit present here can be | pue may cot mre han Rs 10900 in the
ied in POOs fe dipaping the | marke. The comparative dindvantagee
cl al The oral at ofthis | he presented ret ae as flows
cet les dun Rs 200 whew om: | 1 heal ed hg wäh is
neral quiet servi similar pur. | deat is required be switche “a
‘analy bebe making acl,
"2 Cerin mama ents have to
x made inthe alto example,
fora pale rte of Rs 15, amber 125
At be need ater switching th
sat one by pring oS
ton tw. However, psy eue
intr trat hee bo facina
ing dal cie
Ea een, ok condo i
reprend by sance BV to SA
cas the los. Slay the od
dion arereented y e E lt
age dropping to à int BV o 10V
pending upon tho length f thea
Ted line rm telephone exchange to
sure premier a well pe
einen diego nue
Hand is normaly ited eter for
ing on respnse aang.
Inthe crea shorn in E. mb
the hands ook, the opc
ACTE UCD conducta and forward i
ass tuo T, whieh in um, be
Vides transitar 2 and eres
relay RLL In ner odo r
lay. the upper st of ely ents un.
ec the postive supply al to PL
ae ced lp) 102 (MEE) pio 4,
ile the over st of rely contacta
ple o pasivo lei lend fo
the tephne exchange at sla inter
tale This interval depende on the pulse
‘ate ofthe place calle ad ao the ine
fe day ad whether ite woking day
or boda. On rip Ils ple, ot
ut pin IC LS? (mie ted or
‘ote Hague 16 Kl) goes ew fr
the duran of the pulse. The cut ef
162 in coupled vin transistor T3 to
‘optocoupler IC3. The output of tht
Spar is ed tobe thet
tan on a elelter (euch as Taksan
Take), which has the ec of pressing
be ato ofthe ello
Concerts ula fer a pe
ey tice Now, itl a en li
palos hae ben reed fun exchange
forthe duration of the cl, then on
cp of he al, th caler di
ly woud show 120 Th elec op
‘rater ht il the camer Re 1450,
(8 1260 tanda call cares pls Re
‘200 tomar servi caros
Fr toning ofthe PLL eit rund
12, the nda ant jt Mh one
ras the ie input pla Tune 12 to
entre fogeney of 18 with the lp
pet VRL Proper tuning of he PLL
wileuse LED! 1 gow even witha very
Tow-ampode 16k toe
EY Lab note Arrangement ud fo
«eating a HG plied tone dun
in Pg 2 Pushin witch à mod Dr
enero of Rec duration pls for
Falta and witching a à IG 6.
ltr
Fir ner dea regarding pl ae,
pue code et reader a nd ag
ouh the tei rates and pulse cote
‘stiri en inthe biting none
llei dere, such as MINI,
De directory Vl 1 One may alo al
183 forging wore deta,
[C2 A men as
all matures,
ksi tone
pales would
int the tle
phone in by
LOW-COST PCO BILLING METER
DHURJATI SINHA See
crit present here can be | pue may cot mre han Rs 10900 in the
ied in POOs fe dipaping the | marke. The comparative dindvantagee
cl al The oral at ofthis | he presented ret ae as flows
cet les dun Rs 200 whew om: | 1 heal ed hg wäh is
neral quiet servi similar pur. | deat is required be switche “a
‘analy bebe making acl,
"2 Cerin mama ents have to
x made inthe alto example,
fora pale rte of Rs 15, amber 125
At be need ater switching th
sat one by pring oS
ton tw. However, psy eue
intr trat hee bo facina
ing dal cie
Ea een, ok condo i
reprend by sance BV to SA
cas the los. Slay the od
dion arereented y e E lt
age dropping to à int BV o 10V
pending upon tho length f thea
Ted line rm telephone exchange to
sure premier a well pe
einen diego nue
Hand is normaly ited eter for
ing on respnse aang.
Inthe crea shorn in E. mb
the hands ook, the opc
ACTE UCD conducta and forward i
ass tuo T, whieh in um, be
Vides transitar 2 and eres
relay RLL In ner odo r
lay. the upper st of ely ents un.
ec the postive supply al to PL
ae ced lp) 102 (MEE) pio 4,
ile the over st of rely contacta
ple o pasivo lei lend fo
the tephne exchange at sla inter
tale This interval depende on the pulse
‘ate ofthe place calle ad ao the ine
fe day ad whether ite woking day
or boda. On rip Ils ple, ot
ut pin IC LS? (mie ted or
‘ote Hague 16 Kl) goes ew fr
the duran of the pulse. The cut ef
162 in coupled vin transistor T3 to
‘optocoupler IC3. The output of tht
Spar is ed tobe thet
tan on a elelter (euch as Taksan
Take), which has the ec of pressing
be ato ofthe ello
Concerts ula fer a pe
ey tice Now, itl a en li
palos hae ben reed fun exchange
forthe duration of the cl, then on
cp of he al, th caler di
ly woud show 120 Th elec op
‘rater ht il the camer Re 1450,
(8 1260 tanda call cares pls Re
‘200 tomar servi caros
Fr toning ofthe PLL eit rund
12, the nda ant jt Mh one
ras the ie input pla Tune 12 to
entre fogeney of 18 with the lp
pet VRL Proper tuning of he PLL
wileuse LED! 1 gow even witha very
Tow-ampode 16k toe
EY Lab note Arrangement ud fo
«eating a HG plied tone dun
in Pg 2 Pushin witch à mod Dr
enero of Rec duration pls for
Falta and witching a à IG 6.
ltr
Fir ner dea regarding pl ae,
pue code et reader a nd ag
ouh the tei rates and pulse cote
‘stiri en inthe biting none
llei dere, such as MINI,
De directory Vl 1 One may alo al
183 forging wore deta,
[C2 A men as
all matures,
ksi tone
pales would
int the tle
phone in by
AUTOMATIC MUTING CIRCUIT
AN
FOR AUDIO SYSTEMS =
SUNISH P
Takes we of IC BIOS, Sig | Higher the valu ofthis caacier,
F: os muta cru, ich | trmines the “na muting delay.
mal fen any pre
plier uch as HALO,
ASIS! or LASHED icon
cto tothe ba of am
Plier tramos TL Var
thle resister VI wed
te conto the gino in
tiga
Comparar 2 ouput
où pin 2 LAOS iu
fer generation of muting
pal at the iter (ont
‘Ae tantra, wich
‘a be dy connected
do mating pin am
fer ping CLAD.
‘Along a he au ip
te the eat of ig Di
Belo a tin Ll x,
150 ape o peat ip! a pin.
A xl be high (he value mane at
EY Lab war and 454), One the in. | med if hi ct ed wih STK
ut re thi ead level te out. | sors amples such as STR SU, LE,
ut wil be arcu OV. Caper Ct de. | 412, and 419), eo hey ned nea:
2-LINE INTERCOM-CUM-TELEPHONE
LINE CHANGEOVER CIRCUIT az)
mene 2
Terz ure an be | phone. Ti probe i re in the
el br oraciones | Great presenta hrs.
in parali and als as a nei | _ Under normal condition, two te
wean phone phone 1 and 2) canbe wed
Usually sage telephone is con | asters wi lehnen once
‘eo toa telephone lin. nate tl. | tte ies os exchange: In changeover
ono require at dano, pa | ma, ang nee dices fo
Alisa running the abr | tere 3 and gets comet o Wie
telephone this single pra in op | pane 2
crio, min problemi os op | or operan in intercon mode, ne
ey Dei interes rm be aber | as to Js the Bande al pene 1
tive polar vage muting The a
‘onal eet o Bennet a pit Ain
bat ue abn ia Be 2
aod then gree vith SIA à ed,
ser PES sand. Slam, the
Stone head sh peor hand
fet of shone 1 The person at phnno 2
(uth it te bane and ar en:
verso. Sma procedure it bef
lowed fo nto of the emerson
from pane 2 wing sich 2. In thie
ode of operation, a Spl, may side
ich 8 tbe med a wn in De
In the changwover mode operation,
sth 3 ated ta change the tl:
iene line fo use by tene 2. The
chi orally in he iro mod
digne 3 enacted tothe ex
(Range le Bebe changing ever thee
AN
FOR AUDIO SYSTEMS =
SUNISH P
Takes we of IC BIOS, Sig | Higher the valu ofthis caacier,
F: os muta cru, ich | trmines the “na muting delay.
mal fen any pre
plier uch as HALO,
ASIS! or LASHED icon
cto tothe ba of am
Plier tramos TL Var
thle resister VI wed
te conto the gino in
tiga
Comparar 2 ouput
où pin 2 LAOS iu
fer generation of muting
pal at the iter (ont
‘Ae tantra, wich
‘a be dy connected
do mating pin am
fer ping CLAD.
‘Along a he au ip
te the eat of ig Di
Belo a tin Ll x,
150 ape o peat ip! a pin.
A xl be high (he value mane at
EY Lab war and 454), One the in. | med if hi ct ed wih STK
ut re thi ead level te out. | sors amples such as STR SU, LE,
ut wil be arcu OV. Caper Ct de. | 412, and 419), eo hey ned nea:
2-LINE INTERCOM-CUM-TELEPHONE
LINE CHANGEOVER CIRCUIT az)
mene 2
Terz ure an be | phone. Ti probe i re in the
el br oraciones | Great presenta hrs.
in parali and als as a nei | _ Under normal condition, two te
wean phone phone 1 and 2) canbe wed
Usually sage telephone is con | asters wi lehnen once
‘eo toa telephone lin. nate tl. | tte ies os exchange: In changeover
ono require at dano, pa | ma, ang nee dices fo
Alisa running the abr | tere 3 and gets comet o Wie
telephone this single pra in op | pane 2
crio, min problemi os op | or operan in intercon mode, ne
ey Dei interes rm be aber | as to Js the Bande al pene 1
tive polar vage muting The a
‘onal eet o Bennet a pit Ain
bat ue abn ia Be 2
aod then gree vith SIA à ed,
ser PES sand. Slam, the
Stone head sh peor hand
fet of shone 1 The person at phnno 2
(uth it te bane and ar en:
verso. Sma procedure it bef
lowed fo nto of the emerson
from pane 2 wing sich 2. In thie
ode of operation, a Spl, may side
ich 8 tbe med a wn in De
In the changwover mode operation,
sth 3 ated ta change the tl:
iene line fo use by tene 2. The
chi orally in he iro mod
digne 3 enacted tothe ex
(Range le Bebe changing ever thee
gel tlehene
2, be peso at te.
pe Yay ree
‘erent een in
mermado at
ei going te
changener the ne br
‘we by hin he pron
st tlephone Ass
Sxchangver switch 88
ds gpd o te other
‘ein, 12 sup i
‘olf and gos À
nd 3 do oot get any
age o ing i de
Angionesenang wit
‘Once weh 3 in
Ape over we of
‘chang in y the ern a leone
“nd the same wih Si ios
‘nck o nomal postion after a ph
call ve, the eat ale cal ia
‘chang ies vil o o tlephne 2 oly
and the rgtnesensing cet wil il
‘reek. This enables th pron at phone 3
When that a el gone reg 1
GUARD FOR REFRIGERATORS
AND AIR-CONDITIONERS
‘THOMAS SEBASTIAN
nido creia vo appeared
In EPY for rain ln:
feraars and air-conditioners
agit ag cant and browne
(hea Hire ta wi ad mer.
EQU
uit Honing thre atures, amd, un.
Seren age protein, auch on
(hy, nd regula,
"Te creat with cmon arabe
compra à à conan oar
he hand el tene $ ie, ia
Fed tobe dead. To make tete 3
ain ote ith $9 shouldbe changed
‘tere normal postin.
ling Weeks. The Inder rudsanc.
trigo! citation in contin th
ied edge para ensure rl
able sequen! operations of booting
Jona ein, buen and high
eure
‘hen the nat ine lag sabor
10V, lay RL em and teed
voltage appears atthe NO enact RLIO)
ar RLL However, rly RL remains
energie under tn condone fet
ifthe input below POV decal ue
ag bigote y timo! Vand
cu, ds tothe ial hunting eet
cpu C8 at the bas Juin
2, be peso at te.
pe Yay ree
‘erent een in
mermado at
ei going te
changener the ne br
‘we by hin he pron
st tlephone Ass
Sxchangver switch 88
ds gpd o te other
‘ein, 12 sup i
‘olf and gos À
nd 3 do oot get any
age o ing i de
Angionesenang wit
‘Once weh 3 in
Ape over we of
‘chang in y the ern a leone
“nd the same wih Si ios
‘nck o nomal postion after a ph
call ve, the eat ale cal ia
‘chang ies vil o o tlephne 2 oly
and the rgtnesensing cet wil il
‘reek. This enables th pron at phone 3
When that a el gone reg 1
GUARD FOR REFRIGERATORS
AND AIR-CONDITIONERS
‘THOMAS SEBASTIAN
nido creia vo appeared
In EPY for rain ln:
feraars and air-conditioners
agit ag cant and browne
(hea Hire ta wi ad mer.
EQU
uit Honing thre atures, amd, un.
Seren age protein, auch on
(hy, nd regula,
"Te creat with cmon arabe
compra à à conan oar
he hand el tene $ ie, ia
Fed tobe dead. To make tete 3
ain ote ith $9 shouldbe changed
‘tere normal postin.
ling Weeks. The Inder rudsanc.
trigo! citation in contin th
ied edge para ensure rl
able sequen! operations of booting
Jona ein, buen and high
eure
‘hen the nat ine lag sabor
10V, lay RL em and teed
voltage appears atthe NO enact RLIO)
ar RLL However, rly RL remains
energie under tn condone fet
ifthe input below POV decal ue
ag bigote y timo! Vand
cu, ds tothe ial hunting eet
cpu C8 at the bas Juin
tren T2 The runter TZ wil be | bucking pint The apatite when | ten of rnit T, en resumption af
‘cabled sly when the charg capac | U input reaches patio voltage ay | tr a poner ture ur an otorgo
tar avs its bse penal to aero | 70V) rer itage sensing being cn. | condition, repeatability of an day i
tho revere tas voltage a its emite. | tld by tripa VIS to store tra | tan cae of
‘Ths capaci C6 and recio RG deter | oe TA, which in tun, eat of rly | By sling the cument ring a
roe the dation ofthe ond, which | LI via traitors T and TH A eon: | y facts A or JO) and tora
À approsimatay thre minute br the | segu, pt arab fam the | fer (SUV r 000 ie crete
oe vals atome be adapted sal for rigeratr ar
“Asso a ola LA energies dun | "Th resistor RS charges the tm. | secc to ein regulation of
the evthing actin of tans The | ing capasor CE when RLI engen. | 20 lo 20V for an input vario of
Booted vage appears atte tpt The | This de to cur that when cp. | 10V to ZU.
jaime of tot VRZ ents the | to 6 inne tk tthe base Jure
RADIO-BAND-POSITION DISPLAY ene cusses ns,»
MK. CHANDRA MOULEESWARAN PRU | due a using DO sr prt VE
BS) | Te sing este of preset VR cu
ciel aan an unit fr
adi receives that ak p>
lin display. The ira pre.
rete tothe base of emiterfllener
{his arrangement dads the ned fr | stage comping tano T2 The ot
sxe er can ham up 1 ine han
Te alo incorporates a
nae dima BCD exento Can | ut eftrnditerT, ampli by ta
Seid pat ted Sui 1 | sita TI, is end o pin 4 of TCL
rough 5 are sy part of existing | Thar taming one of play i so
evel tre lo
the. display, ro}
(Bnd) wh the a 3
Jove om the recive,
‘The prwersuply for
the ent ama be
‘evel on he ab
The conversion of
scected chanel to
BCD format Is
debited ung ides
Di bug DIS ine
non hrs
Reto, The vage
kp srs thse
restore (RC through
RD serve as ge in
pate BCD ipa
BCD segment de.
der 101 (CD4SI D)
en al oies are | ent
Int state the vo
ag ors resistors RÉ
through AT is Tole =
ber, but when any of he sche SI | Ban of tho ri: mal, ooo | alle de pat voltage dsp
rg 5 ied a post, the | two char cata woul be found | en asp of rao.
put seer thse retry change o | extra a the modular puhbuttunipe | The poney ra sage ie
put proper BCD cod o represent te | and. ib rad ded ony when nd presse is
‘cad «hand. This BCD code i com | TCs display Making pin 4 i cm | greater than VDC
fered 1 Teee play by HCL By | meted 1 a ip Bi cent dat
‘cabled sly when the charg capac | U input reaches patio voltage ay | tr a poner ture ur an otorgo
tar avs its bse penal to aero | 70V) rer itage sensing being cn. | condition, repeatability of an day i
tho revere tas voltage a its emite. | tld by tripa VIS to store tra | tan cae of
‘Ths capaci C6 and recio RG deter | oe TA, which in tun, eat of rly | By sling the cument ring a
roe the dation ofthe ond, which | LI via traitors T and TH A eon: | y facts A or JO) and tora
À approsimatay thre minute br the | segu, pt arab fam the | fer (SUV r 000 ie crete
oe vals atome be adapted sal for rigeratr ar
“Asso a ola LA energies dun | "Th resistor RS charges the tm. | secc to ein regulation of
the evthing actin of tans The | ing capasor CE when RLI engen. | 20 lo 20V for an input vario of
Booted vage appears atte tpt The | This de to cur that when cp. | 10V to ZU.
jaime of tot VRZ ents the | to 6 inne tk tthe base Jure
RADIO-BAND-POSITION DISPLAY ene cusses ns,»
MK. CHANDRA MOULEESWARAN PRU | due a using DO sr prt VE
BS) | Te sing este of preset VR cu
ciel aan an unit fr
adi receives that ak p>
lin display. The ira pre.
rete tothe base of emiterfllener
{his arrangement dads the ned fr | stage comping tano T2 The ot
sxe er can ham up 1 ine han
Te alo incorporates a
nae dima BCD exento Can | ut eftrnditerT, ampli by ta
Seid pat ted Sui 1 | sita TI, is end o pin 4 of TCL
rough 5 are sy part of existing | Thar taming one of play i so
evel tre lo
the. display, ro}
(Bnd) wh the a 3
Jove om the recive,
‘The prwersuply for
the ent ama be
‘evel on he ab
The conversion of
scected chanel to
BCD format Is
debited ung ides
Di bug DIS ine
non hrs
Reto, The vage
kp srs thse
restore (RC through
RD serve as ge in
pate BCD ipa
BCD segment de.
der 101 (CD4SI D)
en al oies are | ent
Int state the vo
ag ors resistors RÉ
through AT is Tole =
ber, but when any of he sche SI | Ban of tho ri: mal, ooo | alle de pat voltage dsp
rg 5 ied a post, the | two char cata woul be found | en asp of rao.
put seer thse retry change o | extra a the modular puhbuttunipe | The poney ra sage ie
put proper BCD cod o represent te | and. ib rad ded ony when nd presse is
‘cad «hand. This BCD code i com | TCs display Making pin 4 i cm | greater than VDC
fered 1 Teee play by HCL By | meted 1 a ip Bi cent dat
September
2000
2000
LANGUAGES —PART I
[HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE)
K. PADMANABHAN, S. ANANTHI, K. CHANDRASEKHARAN,
‘AND P. SWAMINATHAN
6865 ia programmable CRT
contar, hh can de pre.
‘rammed co st grate ams
Wer the did number ef bors
and vera rate nes Infor Pig. MO]
Fe dtaled explanation of ts pogram-
ing method for an aplication using
{515 CRTC, yo can ner per 16 ef
the bock Lea to Use Mmes
abled by BAY.
‘There two registers in the 845,
wich ae ‚nd th the help of a
rs Lin A. When AD nd CS ae lw
(ate), program oe ces the
Fi ester AD high and CSS slow,
{he sod fhe wo rept cc.
Tn odin, th 6845 as 16 itera ee
ee. The section of the Internal rep
ter i iting is done via the rt reps:
{er whe the acond rater ia rites
‘th he data tobe tare no the
ltd ester
“ere, me nl 16 ns fra character
lot The wih al each arco le
i
Butour mur
in a tnt or
se 12x16
not really
ean se.
al are.
ters shown,
fone-and-a:
(tps
ter ste br
ch of the
lings
arr
‘Tie wae
the protien,
acl ater
while at
Tempting we
of CRT contr chip (645. Terre
‘he ators went in o dsg spurte
CCRT entrer eircit ung direte
COST which vs ea trad.
Late, tthe beso BEY (prop
tte of dedicated chips o make it 8
dans compac pred, the athe
levdoped the present modi us
ing be 6545 CRT entre al
Once program, the 545 CRTC
ert the vera and heil ne
ical fr the raster a pie 9 ad 40.
expect. Th 6845 al proves MAD
MALO pal fr adireutng the veo
memory. The video memary used ere
Lo ae te dt ptr fre data i
played on the TV seven. The video
‘memory ares ns and rater dires
tes ave bon uds ude
MAOMAS (ne) To chose oe |
(4 charter a im ey character
TRADRAS (lnc) Toad we
mong the 16 ie chu ru.
‘MAGMAS Inne). Tool ee of
arar ne ss eee,
During each hacer row the 16 om
lines are cd using RADRAG silo
hich ar seque inremented us
tn 16. Tis mode o wing the CRT
conteo tothe vii meme i mt he
‘lo I unite on reared to
in chapter 16 of Lar o Use Mop
comeré, bak mental sorbo. Ter,
he MAD MAL, tines ade he video
RAM, bt the vie RAM dts gc othe
haraer generate, The character on.
trator gts the RADRAS, tlt sho
tlh ne of the chantre at i to
Be cg at any instant because there
re many ies of bs frech carte.
ere the are enero i ot ed,
bat the ideo RAM cy are the de
rine ofthe delay ts. ey are we
{en bythe program it be vdeo RAM.
ere ADRS ae the orient.
re Ltt A fr the 18 Uns which re
‘heights ofeach Indian lanus ha
eter dere ities Eng we.
"The ur ro count sale MAG MAD
ae ued her fo generating 16 rom of
text pr en. At th end of he ith
her yt preventing rd charac
{ee play the delay nee siga e
rnd: This io eter othe bert
stack peri. The syne signal fr the
‘eo output soba hy mbiio the
ame and Ve eats fo pins 38
nd 40 of CRTC i restr 10k
the
[HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE)
K. PADMANABHAN, S. ANANTHI, K. CHANDRASEKHARAN,
‘AND P. SWAMINATHAN
6865 ia programmable CRT
contar, hh can de pre.
‘rammed co st grate ams
Wer the did number ef bors
and vera rate nes Infor Pig. MO]
Fe dtaled explanation of ts pogram-
ing method for an aplication using
{515 CRTC, yo can ner per 16 ef
the bock Lea to Use Mmes
abled by BAY.
‘There two registers in the 845,
wich ae ‚nd th the help of a
rs Lin A. When AD nd CS ae lw
(ate), program oe ces the
Fi ester AD high and CSS slow,
{he sod fhe wo rept cc.
Tn odin, th 6845 as 16 itera ee
ee. The section of the Internal rep
ter i iting is done via the rt reps:
{er whe the acond rater ia rites
‘th he data tobe tare no the
ltd ester
“ere, me nl 16 ns fra character
lot The wih al each arco le
i
Butour mur
in a tnt or
se 12x16
not really
ean se.
al are.
ters shown,
fone-and-a:
(tps
ter ste br
ch of the
lings
arr
‘Tie wae
the protien,
acl ater
while at
Tempting we
of CRT contr chip (645. Terre
‘he ators went in o dsg spurte
CCRT entrer eircit ung direte
COST which vs ea trad.
Late, tthe beso BEY (prop
tte of dedicated chips o make it 8
dans compac pred, the athe
levdoped the present modi us
ing be 6545 CRT entre al
Once program, the 545 CRTC
ert the vera and heil ne
ical fr the raster a pie 9 ad 40.
expect. Th 6845 al proves MAD
MALO pal fr adireutng the veo
memory. The video memary used ere
Lo ae te dt ptr fre data i
played on the TV seven. The video
‘memory ares ns and rater dires
tes ave bon uds ude
MAOMAS (ne) To chose oe |
(4 charter a im ey character
TRADRAS (lnc) Toad we
mong the 16 ie chu ru.
‘MAGMAS Inne). Tool ee of
arar ne ss eee,
During each hacer row the 16 om
lines are cd using RADRAG silo
hich ar seque inremented us
tn 16. Tis mode o wing the CRT
conteo tothe vii meme i mt he
‘lo I unite on reared to
in chapter 16 of Lar o Use Mop
comeré, bak mental sorbo. Ter,
he MAD MAL, tines ade he video
RAM, bt the vie RAM dts gc othe
haraer generate, The character on.
trator gts the RADRAS, tlt sho
tlh ne of the chantre at i to
Be cg at any instant because there
re many ies of bs frech carte.
ere the are enero i ot ed,
bat the ideo RAM cy are the de
rine ofthe delay ts. ey are we
{en bythe program it be vdeo RAM.
ere ADRS ae the orient.
re Ltt A fr the 18 Uns which re
‘heights ofeach Indian lanus ha
eter dere ities Eng we.
"The ur ro count sale MAG MAD
ae ued her fo generating 16 rom of
text pr en. At th end of he ith
her yt preventing rd charac
{ee play the delay nee siga e
rnd: This io eter othe bert
stack peri. The syne signal fr the
‘eo output soba hy mbiio the
ame and Ve eats fo pins 38
nd 40 of CRTC i restr 10k
the
Fo. Acusa, componer st ac aya o no sonate agra oF. 1
ch) and then coupling ie ase of
Francia BCIAS 1 mor the eye si: | TALES This ester ode at each
ar ati leer. (harter begining. The eig ie
"The vie Signal te dut pater | Scope byte dtc ia? of
à Fam the bi register IC
TALSIO outputs the dt patter. This is
combined with th pe sal atthe co
Teco fansite BOLD using a dde
“and ei er. Coen er st
Dut is aula resection tthe TV
Teno from the ltr of tania
bore
Video RAM. The 6256 i a 2h x
‘at ste RAM bony kro pce
Tas en sed ere, which mas for à
raster of 12256 pls, 128 pi,
fr 1288 16KB. The RAM 62256 hat
AA addons ite 10k cpu.
‘The MAOMAS, the rer ue
pata ar given o iret sade pine
ADR Ebo the 8065 e he rar
terca signals can sees thee Ton
“ad Aielo Hine data scar 10 7
And 8 CAD te und under conta of
SI (ot CD to e between em.
Normally, the MAOMAS ines have
accus 5 an o continuoualy display
the vdeo memory contents, but when
‘he BIS wre ed data, ts to
pe
Memory aces of the video RAM is
dan onthe bso herder are
land orde fdrese The ot high
order address va are writen ilo
TALS eh CZ) by the 308 aig
(C82 The apt enable ofthis atch 5
under ent of CSI, oo that the det
roo won int thi atch can be
‘roused when CS enabled ive ow
‘The ached outputs of II are forse
Teg the AB lo ALS in el the video
By isso of ow order and high.
ender draing, the memory group of
OK vid RAM is onen seed
bo ja 26 pue el the SINS memory
area. Pare, Nao focas soma
ring. The high adres dat i hat
i the row and Lines format.
‘Tose ae died by Usar bed
On sat vow of rater and which ine
‘tht om oe ed fo he cra
ter ende EPROM, an a si lay à
Aeprased. The character slot inma
in any row i then writen by à ery
‘rit int the monde are of te
aM
By ing TEST, th data into the
Tach a writen ith put trat
codon (gin 1 hgh. When in 1
LS enabled m), th RAM chip
ds wren wih the trate st dla by
the 085 nos order des, No.
rly, the ies RAD RAS and MAG MAO
ch) and then coupling ie ase of
Francia BCIAS 1 mor the eye si: | TALES This ester ode at each
ar ati leer. (harter begining. The eig ie
"The vie Signal te dut pater | Scope byte dtc ia? of
à Fam the bi register IC
TALSIO outputs the dt patter. This is
combined with th pe sal atthe co
Teco fansite BOLD using a dde
“and ei er. Coen er st
Dut is aula resection tthe TV
Teno from the ltr of tania
bore
Video RAM. The 6256 i a 2h x
‘at ste RAM bony kro pce
Tas en sed ere, which mas for à
raster of 12256 pls, 128 pi,
fr 1288 16KB. The RAM 62256 hat
AA addons ite 10k cpu.
‘The MAOMAS, the rer ue
pata ar given o iret sade pine
ADR Ebo the 8065 e he rar
terca signals can sees thee Ton
“ad Aielo Hine data scar 10 7
And 8 CAD te und under conta of
SI (ot CD to e between em.
Normally, the MAOMAS ines have
accus 5 an o continuoualy display
the vdeo memory contents, but when
‘he BIS wre ed data, ts to
pe
Memory aces of the video RAM is
dan onthe bso herder are
land orde fdrese The ot high
order address va are writen ilo
TALS eh CZ) by the 308 aig
(C82 The apt enable ofthis atch 5
under ent of CSI, oo that the det
roo won int thi atch can be
‘roused when CS enabled ive ow
‘The ached outputs of II are forse
Teg the AB lo ALS in el the video
By isso of ow order and high.
ender draing, the memory group of
OK vid RAM is onen seed
bo ja 26 pue el the SINS memory
area. Pare, Nao focas soma
ring. The high adres dat i hat
i the row and Lines format.
‘Tose ae died by Usar bed
On sat vow of rater and which ine
‘tht om oe ed fo he cra
ter ende EPROM, an a si lay à
Aeprased. The character slot inma
in any row i then writen by à ery
‘rit int the monde are of te
aM
By ing TEST, th data into the
Tach a writen ith put trat
codon (gin 1 hgh. When in 1
LS enabled m), th RAM chip
ds wren wih the trate st dla by
the 085 nos order des, No.
rly, the ies RAD RAS and MAG MAO
if
Mo
A
9 6 Aca, serie ak ya
are extend by baler IC TALS24 1 be
AAC high vos les 1 CS is ow. I
(St gor igh the bu tard at
ln ouput allowing the latch ALS)
aa to rec the are lios AGA of
{he vio RAM hp ts va, e video
RAM in adm by both tho CRTC
RA cry a wel the 8085, when
tk i tp
The daa bu ne ate Bowie con
etd by a ALZA Bocina ue,
‘he pil deta for he tpn charter
tebe write inthe io RAM fer
reading bea dt rin her
‘ter cde EPROM and wring the same
inet RAM. Te abl ot i)
fer each language cup 2 memory
arc and hee ur langage ca Bes
ty ars ine Al and ALZ of he
Character generator EPROM. For each
arar cen being enter bo et
Df als are rend bey ye sare as
its temporary in br memory by
{he program, and then opt into the
‘Heo RAM ney ie
desired, four languages may be
‘ype onthe ne mung fen ys
LPL under shwar cota, The e.
lated lng à data yt of he
LED (LED! and LED2 tthe stat |
"TS The same sia ar ai wird to
{he All and AL dre of her
de EPROM. You may pros FL ad
‘at ping in gli e pes Fand
‘tart ping in Hin, and soon
"The 1165 vie xi ie (om
soled wich all ORT Aras
hoi) ed to if the det ele
Iuaded in parallel (8 bis) from the
mener in serial fom o gi the a
{Sal do io siga.
In Pi, MD) the dot clk i generated
wing a 74132 gate VI) in emjaetio
vid capaci set combination of
2S land prot VR) and C2 lo anio
an slate. The frequen 6 alt
MH, which is died Wy 8 in 78100
deere. This give the charte.
‘dock The bad emmand othe si
(hoe a the 7410 1C wich gusto
pin 2 of IC TALSI6S, Th 2764 EPROMT
fi with contd programa a its ih
cs ads mago of Ge 100 FFP)
case pin AL and 12 are pulled
high
Basie principles
The base prices of Indian language
ty solar ao summari bbw
(rubs Bota aan ala
[nthe video RAM gen Pi 4
1. Moll language fens ar stored
in an k or bigge menor ar, if
etary. EPROM seis ations fr
ach fot of Lange. Thus, kur ln
unge fonts ean be stored using Sk
Mo
A
9 6 Aca, serie ak ya
are extend by baler IC TALS24 1 be
AAC high vos les 1 CS is ow. I
(St gor igh the bu tard at
ln ouput allowing the latch ALS)
aa to rec the are lios AGA of
{he vio RAM hp ts va, e video
RAM in adm by both tho CRTC
RA cry a wel the 8085, when
tk i tp
The daa bu ne ate Bowie con
etd by a ALZA Bocina ue,
‘he pil deta for he tpn charter
tebe write inthe io RAM fer
reading bea dt rin her
‘ter cde EPROM and wring the same
inet RAM. Te abl ot i)
fer each language cup 2 memory
arc and hee ur langage ca Bes
ty ars ine Al and ALZ of he
Character generator EPROM. For each
arar cen being enter bo et
Df als are rend bey ye sare as
its temporary in br memory by
{he program, and then opt into the
‘Heo RAM ney ie
desired, four languages may be
‘ype onthe ne mung fen ys
LPL under shwar cota, The e.
lated lng à data yt of he
LED (LED! and LED2 tthe stat |
"TS The same sia ar ai wird to
{he All and AL dre of her
de EPROM. You may pros FL ad
‘at ping in gli e pes Fand
‘tart ping in Hin, and soon
"The 1165 vie xi ie (om
soled wich all ORT Aras
hoi) ed to if the det ele
Iuaded in parallel (8 bis) from the
mener in serial fom o gi the a
{Sal do io siga.
In Pi, MD) the dot clk i generated
wing a 74132 gate VI) in emjaetio
vid capaci set combination of
2S land prot VR) and C2 lo anio
an slate. The frequen 6 alt
MH, which is died Wy 8 in 78100
deere. This give the charte.
‘dock The bad emmand othe si
(hoe a the 7410 1C wich gusto
pin 2 of IC TALSI6S, Th 2764 EPROMT
fi with contd programa a its ih
cs ads mago of Ge 100 FFP)
case pin AL and 12 are pulled
high
Basie principles
The base prices of Indian language
ty solar ao summari bbw
(rubs Bota aan ala
[nthe video RAM gen Pi 4
1. Moll language fens ar stored
in an k or bigge menor ar, if
etary. EPROM seis ations fr
ach fot of Lange. Thus, kur ln
unge fonts ean be stored using Sk
s]seisnyjua so/uo]oaja 0} payeoipap jeliod e
(Gove spe) ar ty re typed. The
program chk the coe, and iit i à
Beak eae, it es ot write imei
the dus cresponding Yo that hak into
the sido mem bu wat fr te su
(Selig Retard spk) ra on ok
{hen lc Ah net a ptr into the
À moro Ike o computer format) In
this way, even characters sar at a
meme ye and extend upto the ent
Tyee ita higher der be O84 une
ered characters str at the ight ible
(over ere ible of byte and extend
ta the next comple byte er Fg 4.
With 6 tyes an ech hort row,
up 43 characters can be sown per
rom. The hardware eaters wa 64 16
Burner display comprising 512 x 256
Pin.
Ts cont tar in the 8085 hard
for teenie un des te of radin
herir, ci he language re
ing the ey cdo into vids RAM, and
ing minor cin swe
À doblado PTH PCB i required
for asembling ce. The actualizo
component id and welders track a:
‘ua the PCB aran in Pig and
5 reseivy.P. 7 shows the campo
ot ent
‘Testing the board
‘Te rd maybe tnd by a seen of
all programs writen ito the ented
FROM. Vereen are das por the
eines pen blo
ho ie hing to tet is nl
he data bs and dro nes ae ne
‘inal ad the eu pet OH al
Funcional. Her is à aime progra fer
the same
ass
mut
This con be writen nt an EEROM
(using any £085 Ko the ae pub
Non 9 nue of EF) and ed into
‘the bard nd then the LEDs on o et
ttm ofthe bard wired tthe 2475
(GC opta wea into the No 5 at
e son
thie is not observed, one has to
heck fr proper connections fen the
nta ies ote TS, enon 1 the
TALE areas doer, and the pte ig
al to pls 413 of the TOTO as por
Fig
"Parte, econ tothe ideo
RAM 2256 trough he fer IC 74244
nd 7419 (ai IC 17 and 18 shold
behead for ther cocine When
{th CPU ROS ting oth ido AM,
{he 74157 (ur connects ADAS ores
Tis ofthe 8085 tte af the vivo
RAM The, pin ae 74157 LC ahold
De puling om.
“hs te flowing pega to we
o 100 in a hop woul cc hr pase
Spin ef 157 and igh ple pe
Hand 19 of 26240 When IC DU in
ping the GB signal, he O TTD e
In tate oi becas it pi e
then ih
PASS
2, Another program to initiale
bo 645 as per the ratio given in the
Tasting ist be entered in the BEROM
and then ted fo proper aye and
Vorne signa fom in 39 and 40 of
ses
3, The video dock siga and the
ideo caput soul be checked er proper
Fandom display rate.
42 Anchor program or checking
ERASE mary shoud be entered ito
{he EEROM nd then ted tee
‘are fc ren af th ate.
5, Te hear program sould te
tested as or te KBD ine,
(Only after sueceanfl testing of
the ba spe bone men ge
Tins, the fl program a pr the ing
sven in Appendix 1 sould be pro:
‘rammed it trol EPROM at Ni
(St 2e drs range (RO-LFFP) and
acd on the bead,
‘het dss the rt an based en à
simple PC and tbe snd ne sed on
dead hardwaretvare using com.
ter hard, dog adi an
fog ext on à menor and TV nen
Fest ao istrative of tho teh
ques of ie play and stare pr.
ramming fr Indian languages The
Ferme i win an nde ice
einen, whe de ater can Be wed
in pub pa tems.
"The main intention ofthis article
ds merely to sb the ein of er
he dei pa unio the program
on FC fr ing ming tx bat to
‘kena the ling eme fr dian
langages with jt 128 tt deri
ead of he areal ale aboot 16
codos. Pure, the wäng hemo ste
sel re dos not ditu eig p-
fhe Indien guns o ich
pere ar ex
"The memory song à al tor
sehen oe se ich ede fr he Ian
Languages e English Pee, ls
Indian text treated a computer ron
the Internet a raph pts ol und
enw lege menor, pace If De of
‘memory à ten br ne age af en
rh coding Ln, wea tke kin
ordinary graphite. When archives
Of tet ar tobe hop in datas, the
ASCH kn cating obs
‘With pram PIXEL bas e with he
edited display unit using TB FC-
compatible kykeard, one can te in
tree languages using the ASCH Ike
code,
‘Nate The allowing ars peral
ing is peje, which ed mt be
‘ued with September EFY-D due to
‘avoidable erumstanen, wil so be
Incl in Otter ERYCD-
LP BAS
2 PRE
3 Cham
(Te ab Hes eran to computer
based ply scheme
Tam
5 TamEPR
& Cham
(Tle tl 0. and prin to
contra progra ad the dnp be.
{rol EPROM wl Me at a m. 6 mn.
Lans hex code fr character generator
EPROM,
program chk the coe, and iit i à
Beak eae, it es ot write imei
the dus cresponding Yo that hak into
the sido mem bu wat fr te su
(Selig Retard spk) ra on ok
{hen lc Ah net a ptr into the
À moro Ike o computer format) In
this way, even characters sar at a
meme ye and extend upto the ent
Tyee ita higher der be O84 une
ered characters str at the ight ible
(over ere ible of byte and extend
ta the next comple byte er Fg 4.
With 6 tyes an ech hort row,
up 43 characters can be sown per
rom. The hardware eaters wa 64 16
Burner display comprising 512 x 256
Pin.
Ts cont tar in the 8085 hard
for teenie un des te of radin
herir, ci he language re
ing the ey cdo into vids RAM, and
ing minor cin swe
À doblado PTH PCB i required
for asembling ce. The actualizo
component id and welders track a:
‘ua the PCB aran in Pig and
5 reseivy.P. 7 shows the campo
ot ent
‘Testing the board
‘Te rd maybe tnd by a seen of
all programs writen ito the ented
FROM. Vereen are das por the
eines pen blo
ho ie hing to tet is nl
he data bs and dro nes ae ne
‘inal ad the eu pet OH al
Funcional. Her is à aime progra fer
the same
ass
mut
This con be writen nt an EEROM
(using any £085 Ko the ae pub
Non 9 nue of EF) and ed into
‘the bard nd then the LEDs on o et
ttm ofthe bard wired tthe 2475
(GC opta wea into the No 5 at
e son
thie is not observed, one has to
heck fr proper connections fen the
nta ies ote TS, enon 1 the
TALE areas doer, and the pte ig
al to pls 413 of the TOTO as por
Fig
"Parte, econ tothe ideo
RAM 2256 trough he fer IC 74244
nd 7419 (ai IC 17 and 18 shold
behead for ther cocine When
{th CPU ROS ting oth ido AM,
{he 74157 (ur connects ADAS ores
Tis ofthe 8085 tte af the vivo
RAM The, pin ae 74157 LC ahold
De puling om.
“hs te flowing pega to we
o 100 in a hop woul cc hr pase
Spin ef 157 and igh ple pe
Hand 19 of 26240 When IC DU in
ping the GB signal, he O TTD e
In tate oi becas it pi e
then ih
PASS
2, Another program to initiale
bo 645 as per the ratio given in the
Tasting ist be entered in the BEROM
and then ted fo proper aye and
Vorne signa fom in 39 and 40 of
ses
3, The video dock siga and the
ideo caput soul be checked er proper
Fandom display rate.
42 Anchor program or checking
ERASE mary shoud be entered ito
{he EEROM nd then ted tee
‘are fc ren af th ate.
5, Te hear program sould te
tested as or te KBD ine,
(Only after sueceanfl testing of
the ba spe bone men ge
Tins, the fl program a pr the ing
sven in Appendix 1 sould be pro:
‘rammed it trol EPROM at Ni
(St 2e drs range (RO-LFFP) and
acd on the bead,
‘het dss the rt an based en à
simple PC and tbe snd ne sed on
dead hardwaretvare using com.
ter hard, dog adi an
fog ext on à menor and TV nen
Fest ao istrative of tho teh
ques of ie play and stare pr.
ramming fr Indian languages The
Ferme i win an nde ice
einen, whe de ater can Be wed
in pub pa tems.
"The main intention ofthis article
ds merely to sb the ein of er
he dei pa unio the program
on FC fr ing ming tx bat to
‘kena the ling eme fr dian
langages with jt 128 tt deri
ead of he areal ale aboot 16
codos. Pure, the wäng hemo ste
sel re dos not ditu eig p-
fhe Indien guns o ich
pere ar ex
"The memory song à al tor
sehen oe se ich ede fr he Ian
Languages e English Pee, ls
Indian text treated a computer ron
the Internet a raph pts ol und
enw lege menor, pace If De of
‘memory à ten br ne age af en
rh coding Ln, wea tke kin
ordinary graphite. When archives
Of tet ar tobe hop in datas, the
ASCH kn cating obs
‘With pram PIXEL bas e with he
edited display unit using TB FC-
compatible kykeard, one can te in
tree languages using the ASCH Ike
code,
‘Nate The allowing ars peral
ing is peje, which ed mt be
‘ued with September EFY-D due to
‘avoidable erumstanen, wil so be
Incl in Otter ERYCD-
LP BAS
2 PRE
3 Cham
(Te ab Hes eran to computer
based ply scheme
Tam
5 TamEPR
& Cham
(Tle tl 0. and prin to
contra progra ad the dnp be.
{rol EPROM wl Me at a m. 6 mn.
Lans hex code fr character generator
EPROM,
rata fr Part ofthe article
1 Refer Fig.) Pas ren data
ns Drag 21 and 1 ronge 1 of
18 aod 15 through 18
ions ete in
‘Aner
& Enr
SEREESESS BBEBER LUE EEE CEE EEE EEE EE ET LES
ath 2764103 and 1) s 21 og
2 Refr Fig 10. Interchange con
TALSIO 22 Ge. pin a of 128 to
CONTROL PROGRAM LISTING
Boom pa E o
CES
cot a
= E open mes
5 E a
POr a.
PEREIRA
1 Refer Fig.) Pas ren data
ns Drag 21 and 1 ronge 1 of
18 aod 15 through 18
ions ete in
‘Aner
& Enr
SEREESESS BBEBER LUE EEE CEE EEE EEE EE ET LES
ath 2764103 and 1) s 21 og
2 Refr Fig 10. Interchange con
TALSIO 22 Ge. pin a of 128 to
CONTROL PROGRAM LISTING
Boom pa E o
CES
cot a
= E open mes
5 E a
POr a.
PEREIRA
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AS
DIGITAL CODE LOCK
BISWAJIT GUPTA
email dgtal ode lak det
pri ore which can have
pt Sit long et do.
‘Toe eng of srt code can be a
Ay varied by hanging the poston of
impor. The walabe al are to
Ink the coe 2 4, 8 1B, Sg
long When the india cade matches
vith the rd ert codo, a ny te
(red. The contact of the ela ay
be ated appropriately to operate, od e
unk any deve or appa a ied
Cris
“The cet makes ue of a RAM to
star and olga the lord cle to eo
able inate cling and changing of the
‘ode as. Torti the contents of AB
‘nas of power far an ane ome,
SV baer tula arrangement pro.
‘id, otha the te may pera in.
omer doen moda withthe ht er
lag lo de rin a oly the RAMS
(ot. Thus, the poner soplo he
‘Sout canbe sec lo minimo
the poe compl bout 0.6 mA
Memory organisation. À 6116 tae
RAM O48 à ED ICS de sed in the
‘rev with 9 and AD ads pn or
ctl 1 the ground. Ths, ere we are
cie ing anaes spe of S12
cat oly. Tin arent space of 512
Tatin ter vied it 16 ages
af caos each, Page sein dene
thing may DIP eth 8 in the dr.
‘Thus in each paga, an ores spore of
2 avatar nori the secretes
"ach dg of ed copie be
‘igi, wich canbe stored as a me,
rio 44 data ne is tore
ds dt ite DS though DY im cc ee
ten, Dat bts DO though DS are mt
ur andthe corresponding pins are
there ple to gd via loch
fer RS. Ths, msi length ef a
cdo ca b up o 82 hex digs, Oe can
Rewer hep ones wert code spread
‘fr al the 1 gos randy. For ex
ample, en ean arrange 1 or an ight
ordi secret cea ra tw dig in
1 pag, nest thre digs in Ah pe,
ca one it Sed pag, andthe ast
{wo dig in th page
HET mann
hu: Hu erate ae
Neier Hci em ae
ewe
i hese
FC aa
inte
Er un nv
H in
ae
M Brera
Sees
SRAM 616 ia ale ype memory.
‘here bate backup la rege to
renin data daring power fre Their
ul mund trar TL, comping e
des DI though DA, rsir Ri and 5,
Spur CA. and a 4SV battery pack
Sennett pine 2a 18 CS SAM
SLI) allows the changeover ef he cie
cx operate in poor ole dur
ing oneroso is mado, o ate
RAM ep reais dea, whe cami
‘eye power with a aw rent
1163 ma 1006 ma depending pon the
‘hip ed. Foe example HMBLILS vit
rae 06 mat of 2V Vl (in power
ndo) as pr dtsch Thies ong
Min at
‘Adres counter 1C (CA) i
1 Lt Binary ean, ch the
five teat signifiant adres lines AO
‘oath M dr adärsing 92 an)
fr sequently selected em rt of
‘ak pul. Scion fr the rue
umber fbr digs tobe ud a wert.
codo can bo mado by jumpering ove of
‘he cat pins 68 3, or 2) C8 to
pla ICO LS sig Junger JPN
fer ctas 2, 4 8, 16, or Bit
tang rt ele. pei
“Keyboard encoding. ¡key ke.
ward encoder ICH 092 rm National
Benelli can wich
1 16 ai pd fr encoding he preso
Kay at. compris an internal wil
1a Bt cl generation fr eo ue
dan inbuilt ky deban ey. Ca
pur C2 and C3 emp its pine
End determine the he sumi fo
en and brune pro, re,
"Ti ci gee a EE dla ouput
re pin 1 though 17, carespnding to
pes key Whenever key red.
DA data arable) output pin 12 us
lag olde avala of ah
data fs output pins (I through 17.
‘Thi pin 12 errs tot ge ow te
when the prsed by i eee, The
nta sg IX ae estate is ou
put enable (OB) pin 13 is grounded
‘rh reso 2 hp Us ip in
cabled ate, Te DA out signal at
dl pin 1 el forte flowing une:
on i the gts of quad NAND Schmitt
AC and cr
(a) As à clock for stage binary
counter 163 GAHCADAD) vie Schmitt
AND gates NI and NS, wich frances
conter by ne oan fr every dk
1) Porting of bone BEI und
BISWAJIT GUPTA
email dgtal ode lak det
pri ore which can have
pt Sit long et do.
‘Toe eng of srt code can be a
Ay varied by hanging the poston of
impor. The walabe al are to
Ink the coe 2 4, 8 1B, Sg
long When the india cade matches
vith the rd ert codo, a ny te
(red. The contact of the ela ay
be ated appropriately to operate, od e
unk any deve or appa a ied
Cris
“The cet makes ue of a RAM to
star and olga the lord cle to eo
able inate cling and changing of the
‘ode as. Torti the contents of AB
‘nas of power far an ane ome,
SV baer tula arrangement pro.
‘id, otha the te may pera in.
omer doen moda withthe ht er
lag lo de rin a oly the RAMS
(ot. Thus, the poner soplo he
‘Sout canbe sec lo minimo
the poe compl bout 0.6 mA
Memory organisation. À 6116 tae
RAM O48 à ED ICS de sed in the
‘rev with 9 and AD ads pn or
ctl 1 the ground. Ths, ere we are
cie ing anaes spe of S12
cat oly. Tin arent space of 512
Tatin ter vied it 16 ages
af caos each, Page sein dene
thing may DIP eth 8 in the dr.
‘Thus in each paga, an ores spore of
2 avatar nori the secretes
"ach dg of ed copie be
‘igi, wich canbe stored as a me,
rio 44 data ne is tore
ds dt ite DS though DY im cc ee
ten, Dat bts DO though DS are mt
ur andthe corresponding pins are
there ple to gd via loch
fer RS. Ths, msi length ef a
cdo ca b up o 82 hex digs, Oe can
Rewer hep ones wert code spread
‘fr al the 1 gos randy. For ex
ample, en ean arrange 1 or an ight
ordi secret cea ra tw dig in
1 pag, nest thre digs in Ah pe,
ca one it Sed pag, andthe ast
{wo dig in th page
HET mann
hu: Hu erate ae
Neier Hci em ae
ewe
i hese
FC aa
inte
Er un nv
H in
ae
M Brera
Sees
SRAM 616 ia ale ype memory.
‘here bate backup la rege to
renin data daring power fre Their
ul mund trar TL, comping e
des DI though DA, rsir Ri and 5,
Spur CA. and a 4SV battery pack
Sennett pine 2a 18 CS SAM
SLI) allows the changeover ef he cie
cx operate in poor ole dur
ing oneroso is mado, o ate
RAM ep reais dea, whe cami
‘eye power with a aw rent
1163 ma 1006 ma depending pon the
‘hip ed. Foe example HMBLILS vit
rae 06 mat of 2V Vl (in power
ndo) as pr dtsch Thies ong
Min at
‘Adres counter 1C (CA) i
1 Lt Binary ean, ch the
five teat signifiant adres lines AO
‘oath M dr adärsing 92 an)
fr sequently selected em rt of
‘ak pul. Scion fr the rue
umber fbr digs tobe ud a wert.
codo can bo mado by jumpering ove of
‘he cat pins 68 3, or 2) C8 to
pla ICO LS sig Junger JPN
fer ctas 2, 4 8, 16, or Bit
tang rt ele. pei
“Keyboard encoding. ¡key ke.
ward encoder ICH 092 rm National
Benelli can wich
1 16 ai pd fr encoding he preso
Kay at. compris an internal wil
1a Bt cl generation fr eo ue
dan inbuilt ky deban ey. Ca
pur C2 and C3 emp its pine
End determine the he sumi fo
en and brune pro, re,
"Ti ci gee a EE dla ouput
re pin 1 though 17, carespnding to
pes key Whenever key red.
DA data arable) output pin 12 us
lag olde avala of ah
data fs output pins (I through 17.
‘Thi pin 12 errs tot ge ow te
when the prsed by i eee, The
nta sg IX ae estate is ou
put enable (OB) pin 13 is grounded
‘rh reso 2 hp Us ip in
cabled ate, Te DA out signal at
dl pin 1 el forte flowing une:
on i the gts of quad NAND Schmitt
AC and cr
(a) As à clock for stage binary
counter 163 GAHCADAD) vie Schmitt
AND gates NI and NS, wich frances
conter by ne oan fr every dk
1) Porting of bone BEI und
Fo. Sa daga avon Spa coe oc
only one gate is
‘ed here Tis te
pre
reat (bath for
and man
ret operation) fr
168 and 108. One
"Ate fin:
tin il ae ple
whenever
ther de right or
wrong. Base
ee code realy se.
fev and à smart
ong o conte
inode.
Operational
‘mode control
circuitry
The RCI combi.
ata road modo
ch 51 fins
a0 bn eli
tie Sieh 81
crt code ver
eaten and reg.
thn mude ser
ri
Register mode
Wien amics 81
ls opt in reir
mode. logic 0"
pul o gate Na
enables second
tection of ota 2.
state ‘offer 102
CAO) va gin
19 (ED, At the same tine, OB and WE
pins RAM are taken o o nd Inge
5 date, mpeg, o nae writing
lighting of LEI vi Semi NAND gates
AN, NS and NS o provide adsl
he le ha the dt cor
responding tothe peed ly has been
rte lor rer ping.
Autre ica I (LS i
only one gate is
‘ed here Tis te
pre
reat (bath for
and man
ret operation) fr
168 and 108. One
"Ate fin:
tin il ae ple
whenever
ther de right or
wrong. Base
ee code realy se.
fev and à smart
ong o conte
inode.
Operational
‘mode control
circuitry
The RCI combi.
ata road modo
ch 51 fins
a0 bn eli
tie Sieh 81
crt code ver
eaten and reg.
thn mude ser
ri
Register mode
Wien amics 81
ls opt in reir
mode. logic 0"
pul o gate Na
enables second
tection of ota 2.
state ‘offer 102
CAO) va gin
19 (ED, At the same tine, OB and WE
pins RAM are taken o o nd Inge
5 date, mpeg, o nae writing
lighting of LEI vi Semi NAND gates
AN, NS and NS o provide adsl
he le ha the dt cor
responding tothe peed ly has been
rte lor rer ping.
Autre ica I (LS i
s|seisnyjue soluo.jo9|9 0} payeaipap jeod e
WOO TIOJSIUONIA O MMM
WOO TIOJSIUONIA O MMM
‘ConstRUcTION
Fi Company lor ne PC
Incramened ausmataly whenever à
pred he sales os during reg
{er operatic), Ifthe ds etre ia
heard is found equal on comparison
sth sored deta, che output 0.) pin
19 e agitate comparto ICH o
ca at age thas tig pale
‘During ge tate at pin 10 u 10,
LED? wl dw ta nica mets uf
{he code entre When this LED pose
‘oT, you may enter the ext digit ofthe
seer code I LED? ds not Bab, À
‘means that the ig you entend wat
‘the ight oo, Naw pro ee ch
Sd, and iat entorn the went ode
fr the fist dig onward gun. Te
Sind of err and rec operation il
mer ot elt he bk sa
in 19 of 1C3 ix connected o ck
Sng in 100106 AHA ve
Caton made, whenever corre dig of
er code renee, LEDO wil ash
and ICS wil gnerat a pulse tts pin
10. Thi pale wil advance the unter
IC un he atone ac (pen
dut on poston of jmperJPND i.
ed by current cont value of CS.
A the digs of secret codo match tbe
steel digit crm, 16 wil provide
als at neo output pins Ge. 1,6,
575. e 2) depending pun the skid
scr coke length. Pin 7 wil ie ht
ul o ei length, pn 6 foe St
Kg pin lor Bag gh, pa 3 lr
dig eng, and pin 2 fr 07 it
length of see ede. One al thse eu
has tobe jumpered to pis 3 and Ih
ICI win Jumper JPNZ In ft the
ent utpat pins of 108 an CS have
tobe need to pis 911 Gord of
C10 and pin 2 of CO, respecte,
(reg Jumper JPN an JPN
TIO CAST) dnl ip Nop
hip in which ath the fips are we
figured to work in tog mude. Bath the
{pops gt same trigger input trough
pine 3 and 11 reparto One ofthe
popa res LEDS connected o QL
(pm By whe output QE at pin 9 con
ected 6 the Base of transistor T2,
hregh restr RI, dees relay RL
hoc contacts may bo ued fr sich
{ng ono spy tos bc or apli.
(One cold even ui fr og
ing of malas supply to any appliance
‘When th kin open. LL
‘eri, LEDS wie u. LEDS, when
‘wil ean one sate othe eck
“The whale cc (xing kyo)
conte sweden 2000 lodo o
(er OR erga jar lo
rain gd CBr ee
sc doin Lt or p.
Be 2ksiomnFe Mem
rin
"etilontemtnaind ce
ots ec ent
pren MOTS Mad
Fsanee tentent
Ph À Peau
Lines
Operation
1Min nam
rer
émet)
trae teh tape
2 PA ai Sn eier mode
pto Decio a sue mie Spee
long code set pogo ang
o DIP eS,
3 Le jumper JPM to extend pin 6
£108 to in 2 a CS and jumper DEN
tn extend pin 6018 to pine Spin 1 a
ich.
4, Turn on’ power and pres rest
ich 89 meme. Now jes oe
pa Key mpg tote Bt die
‘your sn code LEDI wil ght up
“nd bro il od rie. Then enter
the rt ef he ve dig luca
ta bye ina dinar wa.
‘SF switch SL to peter
poso, inc er code rg à
‘rer, Yo have to eme ie mich
‘52 combination (e page number) and
the see ede To opener he the ik
rank sre ha switch 8 inthe same
Postion an ud daring ert cade e
tron Now pes rst ach SS mo.
metal and ener secret cole dig
aneby-one On entry ach wer cle
{ig core, Joa wl ge a on:
ti signal ring ashing of LED AE
ter entering a ig, the lok wl re
pod (lay wi ener), Ite colo
nerd was cre hen LEDS wil ght
Up I srt xo has mt been entere
Ser, ner the ame afer pre
ingre wich 3 Smich I alg wth
the whe Get, mus be kop iden
Whe a we pl or the hear and
ice Sand SL
Fi Company lor ne PC
Incramened ausmataly whenever à
pred he sales os during reg
{er operatic), Ifthe ds etre ia
heard is found equal on comparison
sth sored deta, che output 0.) pin
19 e agitate comparto ICH o
ca at age thas tig pale
‘During ge tate at pin 10 u 10,
LED? wl dw ta nica mets uf
{he code entre When this LED pose
‘oT, you may enter the ext digit ofthe
seer code I LED? ds not Bab, À
‘means that the ig you entend wat
‘the ight oo, Naw pro ee ch
Sd, and iat entorn the went ode
fr the fist dig onward gun. Te
Sind of err and rec operation il
mer ot elt he bk sa
in 19 of 1C3 ix connected o ck
Sng in 100106 AHA ve
Caton made, whenever corre dig of
er code renee, LEDO wil ash
and ICS wil gnerat a pulse tts pin
10. Thi pale wil advance the unter
IC un he atone ac (pen
dut on poston of jmperJPND i.
ed by current cont value of CS.
A the digs of secret codo match tbe
steel digit crm, 16 wil provide
als at neo output pins Ge. 1,6,
575. e 2) depending pun the skid
scr coke length. Pin 7 wil ie ht
ul o ei length, pn 6 foe St
Kg pin lor Bag gh, pa 3 lr
dig eng, and pin 2 fr 07 it
length of see ede. One al thse eu
has tobe jumpered to pis 3 and Ih
ICI win Jumper JPNZ In ft the
ent utpat pins of 108 an CS have
tobe need to pis 911 Gord of
C10 and pin 2 of CO, respecte,
(reg Jumper JPN an JPN
TIO CAST) dnl ip Nop
hip in which ath the fips are we
figured to work in tog mude. Bath the
{pops gt same trigger input trough
pine 3 and 11 reparto One ofthe
popa res LEDS connected o QL
(pm By whe output QE at pin 9 con
ected 6 the Base of transistor T2,
hregh restr RI, dees relay RL
hoc contacts may bo ued fr sich
{ng ono spy tos bc or apli.
(One cold even ui fr og
ing of malas supply to any appliance
‘When th kin open. LL
‘eri, LEDS wie u. LEDS, when
‘wil ean one sate othe eck
“The whale cc (xing kyo)
conte sweden 2000 lodo o
(er OR erga jar lo
rain gd CBr ee
sc doin Lt or p.
Be 2ksiomnFe Mem
rin
"etilontemtnaind ce
ots ec ent
pren MOTS Mad
Fsanee tentent
Ph À Peau
Lines
Operation
1Min nam
rer
émet)
trae teh tape
2 PA ai Sn eier mode
pto Decio a sue mie Spee
long code set pogo ang
o DIP eS,
3 Le jumper JPM to extend pin 6
£108 to in 2 a CS and jumper DEN
tn extend pin 6018 to pine Spin 1 a
ich.
4, Turn on’ power and pres rest
ich 89 meme. Now jes oe
pa Key mpg tote Bt die
‘your sn code LEDI wil ght up
“nd bro il od rie. Then enter
the rt ef he ve dig luca
ta bye ina dinar wa.
‘SF switch SL to peter
poso, inc er code rg à
‘rer, Yo have to eme ie mich
‘52 combination (e page number) and
the see ede To opener he the ik
rank sre ha switch 8 inthe same
Postion an ud daring ert cade e
tron Now pes rst ach SS mo.
metal and ener secret cole dig
aneby-one On entry ach wer cle
{ig core, Joa wl ge a on:
ti signal ring ashing of LED AE
ter entering a ig, the lok wl re
pod (lay wi ener), Ite colo
nerd was cre hen LEDS wil ght
Up I srt xo has mt been entere
Ser, ner the ame afer pre
ingre wich 3 Smich I alg wth
the whe Get, mus be kop iden
Whe a we pl or the hear and
ice Sand SL
CIRCUIT IDEAS
BINARY TO DOTMATRIK DISPLAY
DECODER/DRIVER =
JUNOMON ABRAHAM
mare pay i stable fr | tr is dat, he cach chance, eo
<eplving alphanumeric charac. | sponding tit pattern i stored in an
ters and symbol. Dedicated | EPROM. When wo sup «pater
tr play deve ICs arava, | nary nuntercomespnding tothe input.
atthe ae sy and mt ny aval | hex digit town Tae imap fhe
Ale comercial woud erfor o | eharoter shown oa ha mer gets
Wise a make your own tmatrix play, | ar to the dem py. For
Using ely vale cmon 106 One | example fe eter", jou re quid io
‘pray ofthe cet dein prete | enter be 23 (fered as page addr),
Bere i that you ean your ee the | 010 en ares lines A tough A,
‘band sapo othe carters Parier, | and 0011 o adres ies AS through A
mean dei for ay lau. | Adresses 2 though AD Cain ad
The pince pla à rue. | dress are suppl by citons
— E = ae
a DEEE
= x
:
À
BINARY TO DOTMATRIK DISPLAY
DECODER/DRIVER =
JUNOMON ABRAHAM
mare pay i stable fr | tr is dat, he cach chance, eo
<eplving alphanumeric charac. | sponding tit pattern i stored in an
ters and symbol. Dedicated | EPROM. When wo sup «pater
tr play deve ICs arava, | nary nuntercomespnding tothe input.
atthe ae sy and mt ny aval | hex digit town Tae imap fhe
Ale comercial woud erfor o | eharoter shown oa ha mer gets
Wise a make your own tmatrix play, | ar to the dem py. For
Using ely vale cmon 106 One | example fe eter", jou re quid io
‘pray ofthe cet dein prete | enter be 23 (fered as page addr),
Bere i that you ean your ee the | 010 en ares lines A tough A,
‘band sapo othe carters Parier, | and 0011 o adres ies AS through A
mean dei for ay lau. | Adresses 2 though AD Cain ad
The pince pla à rue. | dress are suppl by citons
— E = ae
a DEEE
= x
:
À
ouster IC | mated a der (428) 1 de the | ltd Iter are comcel sana
‘cnn fe dla. Th roms acon
‘etd o he data outputs DO through
Diet no EPROM. Tr, ven a memory
ation added ia daa I output
onthe creado column. The ight
‘memory lon corp tthe
|
OO O88 rae Zin
2000008
fir cado character The imap ofeach
(harter i ed in ene metry page
(serena gt heaton (heaton
I une) Te ata fam he carespnd
ing pagetatins ar tner fo the
play by sonia the memory bestias
andlunne die dpay immens.
‘The EPROM wed fr the pre is
CS with a mener capa a AB.
yen want wile leapt, you
an sr ede for up 1 12 racer
‘Th creat shown Ber ue 1 AB of
memory space and can thew up o 128
character
och character tap i stand in a
memory pag, and a paar memory
page (charac) i sled by ging
{sad This pag drs ltd
va DIP eitehes SD ragt 57. Each
‘mg is canned with the hl of counter
loo; whic has an nhl wear,
‘howe copa are conecto AD, Al,
nd A2 line To same Ines ar on
m
hosessez aunanses nesesesy nanzuzcg nueezuey nasusuez à
e m
uw
a m
IP oo E O
Ta EEE IE
7 Edle 5 Sd
ETE E
capa la 2a 8 CE E
EN RONA ARE in CR in RON
en ft] ellie si 8 ia E
fe HE a8 8 Ea y
Pa e SE E = ile
i eT Hae | CRI EC
A E [uen rn
ee E E
e SE à =
Efe Meee erage | 3 [5 à E
LED mur play or omembl oe our | | ES E
El | E =
ieee tae ne wen | Fat | on
Es || =
LT es tn | 8 3 E
| F ES
| E Ea
conter upon hestenwäree || + m
=
5
5
n
A
Di
C
hunsussz aunguous ussagess uguuusuy HHSESERH HeESEESy nensesoy
RRSRSSES SÉSSBRSS 88888898 ASESEREE SRBSSSES 88:
a
ES
Fa
=
E
E
=
=
=
o
hususues nasveuss nyeseeey nzeeseez ugeeeseg nassgess ne
E
El
ES
ES
oF
ES
=
=
= rl
a =
E i
E :
= E
E H
‘cnn fe dla. Th roms acon
‘etd o he data outputs DO through
Diet no EPROM. Tr, ven a memory
ation added ia daa I output
onthe creado column. The ight
‘memory lon corp tthe
|
OO O88 rae Zin
2000008
fir cado character The imap ofeach
(harter i ed in ene metry page
(serena gt heaton (heaton
I une) Te ata fam he carespnd
ing pagetatins ar tner fo the
play by sonia the memory bestias
andlunne die dpay immens.
‘The EPROM wed fr the pre is
CS with a mener capa a AB.
yen want wile leapt, you
an sr ede for up 1 12 racer
‘Th creat shown Ber ue 1 AB of
memory space and can thew up o 128
character
och character tap i stand in a
memory pag, and a paar memory
page (charac) i sled by ging
{sad This pag drs ltd
va DIP eitehes SD ragt 57. Each
‘mg is canned with the hl of counter
loo; whic has an nhl wear,
‘howe copa are conecto AD, Al,
nd A2 line To same Ines ar on
m
hosessez aunanses nesesesy nanzuzcg nueezuey nasusuez à
e m
uw
a m
IP oo E O
Ta EEE IE
7 Edle 5 Sd
ETE E
capa la 2a 8 CE E
EN RONA ARE in CR in RON
en ft] ellie si 8 ia E
fe HE a8 8 Ea y
Pa e SE E = ile
i eT Hae | CRI EC
A E [uen rn
ee E E
e SE à =
Efe Meee erage | 3 [5 à E
LED mur play or omembl oe our | | ES E
El | E =
ieee tae ne wen | Fat | on
Es || =
LT es tn | 8 3 E
| F ES
| E Ea
conter upon hestenwäree || + m
=
5
5
n
A
Di
C
hunsussz aunguous ussagess uguuusuy HHSESERH HeESEESy nensesoy
RRSRSSES SÉSSBRSS 88888898 ASESEREE SRBSSSES 88:
a
ES
Fa
=
E
E
=
=
=
o
hususues nasveuss nyeseeey nzeeseez ugeeeseg nassgess ne
E
El
ES
ES
oF
ES
=
=
= rl
a =
E i
E :
= E
E H
terol o mamen cpa Ela | kr. Von can ao e thi ine rn: | page, hir ares being oul he
tery and some aya Yu ae at Ib. | vering Into à king pay by cn. | ASCH vale of tat arar Morr,
‘ry to tre bi patterns Be any other | necting i o a sul output pin af | is pos a dpi haar ay
‘dt any ether sl inthe EPRON | counter CAD. language ad, aed, Ue du a the
“The input BT indica banking in | "You can abo adapt he cet fr re | delay en lo bo med sing ome
ut (actualy thie the OE signal of | sponding to ASC input ven by str. | ina armo
EEPROM) ean be sed fr Banking the Ling the character pate in mary
AUTOMATIC SPEED-CONTROLLER |..."
«os oe BY
ne LG | cen nt
FOR FANS AND COOLERS Sy 13:22:25:
SP [nz
Singita ge eee
PRADEEP VASUDEVA ‘roca eigen
to
A AA
ey tsk | Ser pin a al appa
tpn pet |e oe at SS en up ee i
te
tiny ae nu ns | ein eso kunden | HITS urn a en au Hs
desu os ly de tar | mir gs eye, | wicht an pi a à
EEE an | Te pat ewe | ee pede
Sth pan fel con red ad Te | ssn el op ares
Ru oes
nad oo
Len
Er
bre
as
Sun
Fal
the po
or
tet Let
Fan
por
A
Qe nea
su uit
10 diet nd o wot A wate a
‘Sale ape te ree | vc of ae
eur Gracie tar | "tn eat ce ar.
Sas arts expe | tn al nih eds cu
yf ie
rene]
Te ns
Dis dare
wa th ih ls
end ten ts coh
tr pd vi oe
[Sein tien oa
recat e
dj the pr nor her.
The device prsned here malas the
fan ru atl sed fr a predetermined
tie The sed decret medium
tery and some aya Yu ae at Ib. | vering Into à king pay by cn. | ASCH vale of tat arar Morr,
‘ry to tre bi patterns Be any other | necting i o a sul output pin af | is pos a dpi haar ay
‘dt any ether sl inthe EPRON | counter CAD. language ad, aed, Ue du a the
“The input BT indica banking in | "You can abo adapt he cet fr re | delay en lo bo med sing ome
ut (actualy thie the OE signal of | sponding to ASC input ven by str. | ina armo
EEPROM) ean be sed fr Banking the Ling the character pate in mary
AUTOMATIC SPEED-CONTROLLER |..."
«os oe BY
ne LG | cen nt
FOR FANS AND COOLERS Sy 13:22:25:
SP [nz
Singita ge eee
PRADEEP VASUDEVA ‘roca eigen
to
A AA
ey tsk | Ser pin a al appa
tpn pet |e oe at SS en up ee i
te
tiny ae nu ns | ein eso kunden | HITS urn a en au Hs
desu os ly de tar | mir gs eye, | wicht an pi a à
EEE an | Te pat ewe | ee pede
Sth pan fel con red ad Te | ssn el op ares
Ru oes
nad oo
Len
Er
bre
as
Sun
Fal
the po
or
tet Let
Fan
por
A
Qe nea
su uit
10 diet nd o wot A wate a
‘Sale ape te ree | vc of ae
eur Gracie tar | "tn eat ce ar.
Sas arts expe | tn al nih eds cu
yf ie
rene]
Te ns
Dis dare
wa th ih ls
end ten ts coh
tr pd vi oe
[Sein tien oa
recat e
dj the pr nor her.
The device prsned here malas the
fan ru atl sed fr a predetermined
tie The sed decret medium
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