Elements

2. PRESENTED BY:PRESENTED BY:
FAHAD BIN MUHAMMAD.FAHAD BIN MUHAMMAD.
INSTRUCTOR:INSTRUCTOR:
Ms. AFSHEEN KHALIL.Ms. AFSHEEN KHALIL.
PRESENTATION DATE:PRESENTATION DATE:
30 SEPTEMBER, 2006.30 SEPTEMBER, 2006.

3. •Elements are
grouped as
being either
Metals or Non-
metals.
•All metals have
a definite
melting and
boiling point.
ELEMENTS
•Elements are pure
substances made up of
only one type of atom.
•There are about ninety
elements that make up
all the materials on
earth.
•Every element has its
own symbol which is a
type of code or
shorthand for the
actual element itself.

4. ElementsElements

5. ELEMENTS - SYMBOLS
Aluminium
Bromine
Calcium
Fluorine
Nitrogen
Iron
Magnesium
Hydrogen
Gold Oxygen
Al
Br
Ca
F
Au
H
Fe
Mg
N
O

6. An An elementelement is made up of is made up of
only one type of atom. only one type of atom.
An atom is a tiny particle An atom is a tiny particle
which can only be seen which can only be seen
using a special using a special
microscope.microscope.
The smallest amount of The smallest amount of
an element you can have an element you can have
is one atom. Different is one atom. Different
atoms make up the atoms make up the
different elements, giving different elements, giving
them different properties.them different properties.
ELEMENTS

7. The Reactivity of Elements
Elements can combine together in a chemical
reaction to form mew substances.
Not all elements react easily whilst others are
very reactive.
Elements can be arranged according to how
readily they react. This is called the
REACTIVITY SERIES.
E.g. Potassium is the most reactive metal whilst
Gold is the least reactive metal

8. THE PERIODIC TABLE
Scientists have organised all of the
Elements into a chart called the Periodic
Table.
The elements are arranged in order
depending upon their Physical
Properties( such as Density) and their
Chemical Properties ( such as Reactivity).

9. THE PERIODIC TABLE
PERIODS:
The elements with in a period have
dissimilar properties from left to right
across any period, the physical &
chemical properties of elements change
from metallic to non metallic along a
period.
There are seven periods in periodic
table.

10. THE PERIODIC TABLE
GROUPS:
The vertical columns are called groups
Basically there are eights groups (I to
VIII) but each group is further divided
into “A” & “B” sub groups.

11. Li
3
Fr
87
Cs
55
Rb
37
K
19
Na
11
H
1
Ra
88
Ba
56
Sr
38
Ca
20
Mg
12
Be
4
Ac
89
La
57
Y
39
Sc
21
Hf
72
Zr
40
Ti
22
Ta
73
Nb
41
V
23
W
74
Mo
42
Cr
24
Re
75
Tc
43
Mn
25
Os
76
Ru
44
Fe
26
Ir
77
Rh
45
Co
27
Pt
78
Pd
46
Ni
28
I
II
IIIIVVVIVII
O
1
2
Au
79
Ag
47
Cu
29
3
4
5
6
7
Period
Group
Element
Atomic
number
Hg
80
Cd
48
Zn
30
Tl
81
In
49
Ga
31
Al
13
B
5
Pb
82
Sn
50
Ge
32
Si
14
C
6
Bi
83
Sb
51
As
33
P
15
N
7
Po
84
Te
52
Se
34
S
16
O
8
At
85
I
53
Br
35
Cl
17
F
9
Rn
86
Xe
54
Kr
36
Ar
18
Ne
10
He
2
Most
reactive
metals
Very
uncreative
gases
Most
reactive
non-metals
THE PERIODIC TABLE

13. METALS AND NON-METALS
Metals
Non-Metals
Usually hard and shiny. They are usually
difficult to melt and are good thermal
and electrical conductors.
Usually gases or solids that melt
easily. Most are good insulators as
they are poor thermal and
electrical conductors. The solids
are often powdery or brittle.

14. PopoloniumEueuropiumMomolybdenumScscandium
BibismuthSmsamariumNbniobiumCacalcium
KuKutchatoviumPbleadPmpromethiumZrzirconKpotassium
LrlawrenciumTlthalliumNdneodymium YyttriumArargon
NonobeliumHg mercuryPrpraseodymium SrstrontiumClchlorine
MdmendeleviumAugoldCeceriumRbrubidiumSsulphur
FmfermiumPtplatinumLalanthanumKrkryptonPphosphorus
EseinsteiniumIriridiumBabariumBrbromineSisilicon
CfcaliforniumOsosmiumCscaesiumSeseleniumAlaluminium
Bkberkelium RerheniumXexenonAsarsenicMgmagnesium
CmceriumWtungstenIiodineGegermanium Nasodium
AmamericiumTatantalumTtellurium GagalliumNeneon
PuplutoniumHfhafniumSbantimony ZnzincFfluorine
Npneptunium LulutetiumSntinCucopperOoxygen
UuraniumYbytterbium InindiumNinickelNnitrogen
PaprotactiniumTmthuliumCdcadmiumCocobaltCcarbon
ThthoriumErerbiumAgsilverFeironBboron
AcactiniumHoholmium PdpalladiumMnmanganeseBeberyllium
RaradiumDydysprosiumRhrhodiumCrchromiumLilithium
FrfranciumTbterbiumRuruthenium VvanadiumHehelium
RnradonGdgadoliniumTctechnetiumTititaniumHhydrogen
SELEMENTSELEMENTSELEMENTSELEMENTSELEMENT
Elements and their symbols