Elements of communication process

the presentation is an introduction ,describes the basic elements of communication skills flow of communication in an organization,barriers to communication process importance non verbal communication for the beginners.

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DMND.Senevirathna
Lecturer
Department of Nursing & Midwifery
Faculty of Allied Health Sciences-KDU

2. Intended Learning outcomes,
❖Brieflydescribetheelementsofthecommunicationprocess.
❖Outlinetheflowofcommunicationinanorganization.
❖Describebarrierstocommunicationprocess.
❖Stateimportancenonverbalcommunication
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3. ▪Communicationistheprocessbywhichpeople
attempttotransmitknowledge,needs,desired,
feelings,andattitudesthroughsymbolicmeanssuch
aswords,gestures,numbers,lettersandsounds.
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4. Vertical-downward
Vertical-upwards
Lateral/diagonal
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5. ❖Downward communication originatesfrom
mangersandsupervisorsandpassesdownto
otheremployees.
❖e.g.;
❖Formal announcement.
❖Directives, circulars, manuals of procedures.
❖Instructions from supervisors.
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6. Upward communication flows from lower to upper
organizational levels.
E.g.;
❖Progress reports.
❖Requests for help and clarification.
❖Ideas and suggestions for work improvement.
❖Employee grievances .
❖Trade union demands.
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7. Lateral diagonal communication takes place among the
employees of the same departments or different
departments.
e.g.;
❖memos
❖requests for information.
It has become important due to;
The need for better inter –functional coordination.
Within the teams comprising personnel from different
departments.
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8. Encoding
Decoding
Feedback
Receiver
Message
Sender
Channel
Response
ELEMENTS OF THECOMMUNICATION PROCESS.
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9. Sender
The person with a need, desire or information and a purpose to
convey to another person or group
Encoding
The process of translating the need, desire, or information to a
serious of symbols or gestures
Message
The physical form into which the sender encodes the information
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10. -The message can be in the form of :
-Written words
-Speech
-Gestures
-Touching
Chanel
Channelisthemodeoftransmission,forcommunicationtobe
effectivethechannelmustbeappropriateforthemessage
Receiver
The person who sense or perceives the senders message
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11. ➢Decoding
This is a process by which the receiver interprets the message. The
decoding process is influenced by the receiver’s
-Past experience
-Cognitive awareness including intelligence
-Selective perception
➢Feedback
Areversalofthecommunicationprocessinwhichthereceivernow
becomethesender
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12. ATTRIBUTES OF THE SENDER ATTRIBUTES OF THE RECIEVER
KNOWLEDGE KNOWLEDGE
SKILLS SKILLS
ATTITUDES ATTITUDES
VALUES VALUES
EMOTIONS EMOTIONS
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13. ▪Semanticproblems
Thesamewordcouldmeandifferentthings
▪Paralanguage
Thetoneofvoicecanconveyameaningdifferentfrom
whatwasoriginallyintended
▪Bodylanguage
Gestures,facialexpressionsandotherformsofbody
languagecanhelporhinderinterpersonalcommunication
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14. Structure of the message
Apoorlystructuredmessage canoftenleadto
communicationbreakdowns
Context
Themessagecanbegiveninterpretationsdependingonthe
contextinwhichitisissued,seenorread.
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15. Itwillworkifweadoptabalancedcontingencypolicy
basedonintegratedmanagementoptionswithoptional
organizationalprojectionsutilizingresponsive
transitionalprogramming andparallelreciprocal
mobilityimplementedbyfunctionalthirdgeneration
hardwarewithasynchronizedmonitoredtime–phase
thathasacompatibleincrementalcapability.
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16. Inappropriate channel selection
-Iftheselectedchannelisnotappropriateforthemeaningto
beconveyedthroughthemessagethereisahighpossibility
forcommunicationdistortionsandbreakdowns.
Number of links
-the greater the number of linked the greater is the potential
for communication distortions and breakdowns.
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17. Use feedback
Recognize the use of non verbal signals
Time the message
Use proper channels
Move from the defensive to supportive
communication
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19. ➢Nonverbal communication occurs primarily face to
face.
➢Relativeimpactofthreecuesonmessage
interpretationduringfacetofacecommunication.
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20. Body signals.
-Slumped posture, clenched fist, raised eyebrows, nail
biting, staring, scratching the head, shaking the legs.
Appearance.
-The way how person is dressed and groomed.
Object signals
Type of office furniture, plaques and pictures hanging on
the wall, type of clothing
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21. ➢Arnold, E., & Boggs, K., (1989). Interpersonal relationship:
Professional Communication Skills for Nurses. Philadelphia: W.
B Saunders Co.
➢Berlo, D., (1960).The Process of Communication, New York,
Rinehart and Winston.
➢Perry, A.,& Potter,P.,(1985).Fundamentals of nursing,7
th
Ed.Elsevier
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