Empowerment Technology Group Report.pptx

Empowerment Technology

1. CITATION GROUP 2 TYPES OF PLAGIARISM; CITATION

2. What is CITATION?

3. CITATION This occurs when credit for a work is ascribed to oneself untruthfully. For instance, if one writes a paper on the theory of relativity of physics and no mention of Einstein is given, the writer explicitly or implicitly claims that this theory is his or hers.

4. Plagiarism of ideas has been committed. To address this, proper citations should be done. Citations are done different ways.

5. a. Author-oriented citation An author-oriented citation starts with the surname of the author, followed by the year of publication in parentheses. Verbs of statement such as argues, posits, and emphasizes at the start of paragraph or sentence may be used.

6. EXAMPLE Pulido (2012) believes that language in an online environment can be understood if other modes of online communication are further analyzed to provide a full account of interaction in virtual worlds.

7. In a text-oriented citation, a paragraph or sentence from a source is followed with the surname of the author of the work and the year of publication. The citation must be enclosed in parentheses. b. Text-oriented citation

8. EXAMPLE Unless educators realize the importance of reading and writing across subject areas, problems in comprehension of subject matter will be a prominent issue in the teaching learning process (Estacio, 2010).

9. Start the sentence or paragraph by sing the phrase “According to…” followed by the surname of the author and the year of publication enclosed in parentheses. c. Another way of citation

10. According to Mendoza (1990), by the end of the century, our fuel reserves will be reduced to half. And scarcity of energy supplies will be a big problem. EXAMPLE

11. Aside from texts, movies, images and music should be cited if used on your paper. The general rule is that the Author, title of work (may it be image, movie or music) and year it was produced (if applicable) be included in the citation.

12. Consider the following examples: Images: 1. Luna's Spoliarium (1884) inspired several artists in music and creative writing to produce works related to this powerful painting. 2. In 1884, Luna's Spoliarium presented the different aspects of Philippine life.

13. Video: 1. Spencer’s (2009) “The Matchmaker” shows the different experiences of artists when they struggle with stardom and deal with the consequences of fame and fortune. 2. “The Matchmaker” (Spencer, 2009) accurately captures the trials and tribulations of fame and fortune of artists making it big in show business.

14. Music: 1. The Beatles song "A Hard Day's Night" (1964) features John Lennon and Paul McCartney's genius that will influence generations of musicians to create songs that challenge the norm. 2. John Lennon and Paul McCartney wrote the song "A Hard Day's Night" (1964) which is considered as one of the Beatles' greatest hits in their illustrious career.

15. NOTE-TAKING TECHNIQUES: DIRECT QUOTATION

16. What is DIRECT QUOTATION?

17. A direct quotation is one in which you copy an author’s words directly from the text and use that exact wording in your essay.

18. When directly quoting, remember the following points: a. for a short quotation, use quotation marks to indicate that these are someone else's words. For example: In fact, Rumelhart suggests that schemata "truly are the building blocks of cognition" (1981: 33).

19. b. for quotations longer than three lines, take a new line and indent the quote to separate it from the main text (in this case you do not require quotation marks)

20. For example: In fact, Rumelhart suggests that schemata truly are the building blocks of cognition. They are the fundamental elements upon which all information processing depends. Schemata are employed in the process of interpreting sensory data (both linguistic and nonlinguistic), in retrieving information from memory, in organizing actions, in determining goals and sub goals, in allocating resources, and generally, in guiding the flow of processing in the system (1981: 33-34).

21. Rumelhart (1981) attempts to unravel the functions of schemas, explaining them through a series of analogies.

22. c. when referencing the quote include the page number from which it was taken. For example: In fact, Rumelhart (1981: 33) suggests that schemata "truly are the building blocks of cognition".

23. d. Ensure that the grammar of the quote is consistent with the grammar of your sentence. For example: Incorrect: Past attempts to deal with organizational conflict problems “lead to the development of integrative and mixed structures such as committees, task forces and matrix structures” (Dawson, 1986:97).

24. Correct: Past attempts to deal with organizational conflict problems have led to the development of integrative and mixed structures such as committees, task forces and matrix structures” (Dawson, 1986:97).

25. e. To omit words from the original quote use three period marks... to indicate that you have removed certain phrases or words.

26. For example: In fact, Rumelhart asserts that schemata “are the fundamental elements upon which all information processing depends. Schemata are employed… in allocating resources, and generally, in guiding the flow of processing in the system” (1981: 33-34).

27. f. To add words to the original quote use square brackets. For example: In fact, Rumelhart asserts that since schemata “are the fundamental elements upon which all information processing… [and play a large role in guiding the flow of processing in the system” (1981: 33-34).

28. g. to indicate a grammatical or spelling error in the original quote place (sic) after the error. For example: In 1845, the explorer, Eyre stated: Whenever European colonies have been established in Australia, the native races in that neighborhood rapidly decreasing(sic), and already in some of the older settlements, have totally disappeared (cited in Coupe, 1991).

29. REPORTER’S: ALMERA BAYABAO NOR-FATMA MUSTAPHA ALNAIRA BUISAN

30. Thank you for listening!