Endomembrane System

EndoMembrane system

golgi body
endoplasmic reticulum
lysosome
peroxisome...

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3. Endomembrane System Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus Lysosome Peroxisome Vacuoles and Vesicles

4. Endomembrane System Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: - manufactures membranes & performs many bio-synthesis functions Structure: - membrane connected to nuclear envelope & extends throughout cell - accounts for 50% membranes in eukaryotic cell -rough ER = bound ribosomes -smooth ER = no ribosomes

5. Endomembrane System Two types of Endoplasmic reticulum Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

6. Endomembrane System Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: -Produce proteins for export out of cell -protein secreting cells -packaged into transport vesicles for export

7. Endomembrane System Rough ER ER

8. Endomembrane System Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: - Factory processing operations -many metabolic processes -synthesis & hydrolysis -enzymes of smooth ER… -synthesize lipids, oils, phospholipids , steroids & sex hormones -hydrolysis (breakdown) of glycogen ( in liver) into glucose -detoxify drugs & poisons (in liver) -ex . alcohol & barbiturates

9. Endomembrane System Smooth ER ER

10. Endomembrane System Golgi Apparatus Function : - finishes , sorts, & ships cell products -“ shipping & receiving department” - center of manufacturing, warehousing, sorting & shipping - extensive in cells specialized for secretion

11. Endomembrane System

12. Endomembrane System Golgi Apparatus The Golgi apparatus alongside the ER by modifying products of the ER –Products travel in transport vesicles from the ER to the Golgi apparatus –One side of the Golgi apparatus functions as a receiving dock for the product and the other as a shipping dock –Products are modified as they go from one side of the Golgi apparatus to the other. –After going through the Golgi, the proteins (or other stuff) is shipped out in a new set of vesicles.

13. Endomembrane System “Receiving” side of Golgi apparatus Transport vesicle from ER New vesicle forming “Shipping” side of Golgi apparatus Transport vesicle from the Golgi

14. Endomembrane System Lysosomes Structure: -membrane-bounded sac of hydrolytic enzymes that digests macromolecules -enzymes & membrane of lysosomes are synthesized by rough ER & transferred to the Golgi only in animal cells

15. Endomembrane System Lysosomes - Function: - a little “stomach” for the cell - lyso = breaking things apart – some = body - also the “clean up crew” of the cell

16. Endomembrane System -One of the several functions of lysosomes is to remove or recycle damaged parts of a cell –The damaged organelle is first enclosed in a membrane vesicle –Then a lysosome fuses with the vesicle, dismantling its contents and breaking down the damaged organelle Lysosomes

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18. Endomembrane System Peroxisome -Other digestive enzyme sacs -in both animals & plants -breakdown fatty acids to sugars -easier to transport & use as energy source -detoxify cell -detoxifies alcohol & other poisons -produce peroxide (H2O2) -must breakdown H2O2 → H2O

19. Endomembrane System Vacuoles and Vesicles Function: - little “transfer ships” -Food vacuoles -phagocytosis , fuse with lysosomes -Contractile vacuoles -in freshwater protists , pump excess H2O out of cell -Central vacuoles -in many mature plant cells

20. Endomembrane System Vacuoles and Vesicles Vacuoles Transport Vesicles

21. Endomembrane System Data are presented. Abort