Endoscopy and types of endoscopy

endoscopy procedure

1. By the name of Allah who is the most merciful & kindness

2. Endoscopy Endoscopy is a procedure that allows a doctor to view the inside of a person's body. Originally, endoscopy was only used in the esophagus, stomach, and colon. Now, doctors use endoscopy to diagnose diseases of the ear, nose, throat, heart, urinary tract, joints, and abdomen.

3.  E ndoscope the doctor inserts a tool called an endoscope into a person’s body. Most endoscopes are thin tubes with a powerful light and tiny camera at the end.

4. There are several types of endoscopes. The length and flexibility of the endoscope depends on the part of the body the doctor needs to see. For example , an endoscope that helps a doctor examine the joints is often rigid. However, one used to view the inside of the colon is flexible.

5. Other tools used during an endoscopy Typically, an endoscope has a channel through which the doctor inserts tools to collect tissue or provide treatment. These tools include : Flexible forceps, a tool that looks like tongs, for taking a tissue sample. Biopsy forceps for removing a tissue sample or a suspicious growth. Cytology brush for taking cell samples. Suture removal forceps for removing stitches inside the body.

6. Types of endoscopy Name of procedure Name of tool Area or organ viewed How endoscope reaches target area Arthroscopy Arthroscope Joints Inserted through a small incision over the area to be viewed Bronchoscopy Bronchoscope Trachea (windpipe) and bronchi of the lungs Inserted through the mouth Colonoscopy Colonoscope Entire length of the colon and large intestine Inserted through the anus Colposcopy Colposcope Vagina and cervix A speculum is inserted into the vagina. The colposcope is placed at the opening of the vagina but does not enter it. Cystoscopy Cystoscope Inside of the bladder Inserted through the urethra Esophagoscopy Esophagoscope Esophagus Inserted through the mouth Gastroscopy Gastroscope Stomach and duodenum (beginning of the small intestine) Inserted through the mouth Laparoscopy Laparoscope Stomach, liver, or other abdominal organ, including female reproductive organs (uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes) Inserted through a small, surgical opening in the abdomen Laryngoscopy Laryngoscope Larynx (voice box) Inserted through the mouth Neuroendoscopy Neuroendoscope Areas of the brain Inserted through a small incision in the skull near the area to be viewed Proctoscopy Proctoscope Rectum and sigmoid colon Inserted through the anus Sigmoidoscopy Sigmoidoscope Sigmoid colon (bottom part of the colon) Inserted through the anus Thoracoscopy Thoracoscope Pleura covering the lungs and structures covering the heart Inserted through a small surgical opening in chest

7. Why we need an endoscopy ??? Endoscopy allows your doctor to visually examine an organ without having to make a large incision. Endoscopy is typically used to : help your doctor determine the cause of any abnormal symptoms you’re having. remove a small sample of tissue, which can then be sent to a lab for further testing; this is called an endoscopic  biopsy . help your doctor see inside the body during a surgical procedure, such as repairing a  stomach ulcer , or removing  gallstones  or tumors.

8. Your doctor may order an endoscopy if you’re having symptoms of any of the following conditions: inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease stomach ulcer chronic constipation pancreatitis gallstones unexplained bleeding in the digestive tract tumors infections blockage of the esophagus gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) unusual vaginal bleeding blood in your urine other digestive tract issues

9. latest techniques in endoscopy technology Capsule endoscopy: A revolutionary procedure known as a capsule endoscopy may be used when other tests aren’t conclusive. During a capsule endoscopy, you swallow a small pill with a tiny camera inside. The capsule passes through your digestive tract, without any discomfort to you, and creates thousands of images of the intestines as it moves through .

10. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) ERCP  combines  X-rays  with upper GI endoscopy to diagnose or treat problems with the  bile and pancreatic ducts . Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS ) EUS uses an  ultrasound  in conjunction with an endoscopy. This allows doctors to see organs and other structures that aren’t usually visible during a regular endoscopy. A thin needle can then be inserted into the organ or structure to retrieve some tissue for viewing under a microscope. This procedure is called fine needle aspiration .

11. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) EMR is a technique used to help doctors remove cancerous tissue in the digestive tract Narrow band imaging (NBI ) NBI uses a special filter to help create more contrast between vessels and the mucosa. The mucosa is the inner lining of the digestive tract.

12.   risks of an endoscopy chest pain damage to your organs, including possible perforation Fever persistent pain in the area of the endoscopy redness and swelling at the incision site

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