Energy Systems 3.3 - Lesson 5 - Lactic Energy system.pptx

lesson 5 of 3.3 energy systems focusing on lactic energy system

1. Energy Systems 3.3 Lactic energy system 3.3.7      Describe the production of ATP by the lactic acid system 3.3.8      Explain the phenomena of oxygen deficit and oxygen debt

2. What does ATP stand for in the ATP-CP energy system? How long does the ATP-CP energy system typically provide energy for high-intensity activities? Which molecule is used to quickly regenerate ATP in the ATP-CP energy system? Name one type of physical activity that primarily relies on the ATP-CP energy system. What is the primary function of the ATP-CP energy system in the body? Briefly explain how ATP is resynthesised in the ATP-CP system

3. What does ATP stand for in the ATP-CP energy system? Adenosine Triphosphate How long does the ATP-CP energy system typically provide energy for high-intensity activities? About 10-15 seconds Which molecule is used to quickly regenerate ATP in the ATP-CP energy system? Creatine Phosphate (CP) Name one type of physical activity that primarily relies on the ATP-CP energy system. Sprinting (e.g., 100-meter dash) What is the primary function of the ATP-CP energy system in the body? To provide immediate energy for short bursts of high-intensity activity 6. Briefly explain how ATP is resynthesised in the ATP-CP system ATP Breakdown : During high-intensity activities, ATP is broken down into ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) and an inorganic phosphate (Pi), releasing energy. Creatine Phosphate Donation : Creatine phosphate, stored in muscles, donates its phosphate group to ADP. ATP Resynthesis : This donation quickly converts ADP back into ATP, providing immediate energy for muscle contractions.

4. ENERGY SYSTEMS The 3 energy systems DO NOT work in isolation- but work together to provide a CONSTANT supply of energy to resynthsise ATP Energy to make ATP ATP/PC Lactic acid Aerobic Why will our body become reliant on another system? Why can we not continue to use the ATP/PC system?

5. 3.3.7 Describe the production of ATP by the lactic acid system This energy system breaks down GLUCOSE to provide energy to resynthesize ADP back into ATP. So where do we get glucose? Glucose is from the digestion of carbohydrates and glycogen (the stored form of carbohydrates in the muscle and liver.) it is readily available as an energy fuel . http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2fn8LZvsRhs

6. How does it all happen? A decrease in PC stores…activates an enzyme Glycogen Phosphorylase (GPP) This breaks down glycogen into glucose, it is then further broken down in a series of reactions called GLYCOLYSIS The Lactic Acid system takes place in the muscle cell sarcoplasm (like the ATP/PC system) and does NOT require oxygen so is termed… ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS

7. The breakdown of glycogen into glucose and ATP Muscle/liver glycogen ENERGY Pyruvic Acid (C 3 H 4 O 3 ) Glucose Glycogen phosphorylase 2 ATP Lactic Acid PFK (Phosphofructokinase) LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase)

8. GLYCOLYSIS Glycogen. Glucose The enzyme ……………………………… initiates this. Glucose Pyruvic Acid The enzyme ………………………………… initiates this. Pyruvic Acid. Lactic Acid The enzyme ……………………………….. initiates this glycogen phosphorylase Phosphofructokinase lactate dehydrogenase

9. Onset Blood Lactate accumulation (OBLA): As lactic acid (C3H6O3) accumulates it decreases the pH within the muscle cells (higher acidity) The higher acidity inhibit the enzymes involved in glycolysis ( glycogen phosphorylase, PFK) and thus prevents the breakdown of glucose and induces muscle fatigue

10. Training Adaptations The more anaerobic training you do the more tolerance your body has to lactic acid . It has a greater buffering capacity against high levels of lactic acid. Furthermore, the more glycogen your body can store. The result of this is the delay of OBLA , delaying the lactic acid system threshold , therefore delaying fatigue . In other words…you can work harder for longer. This is vital in sports such as the 400m sprint, and also for games players. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-OGtNorDf4

11. Task: Create a summary table Advantages of the Lactic Acid System Large g_________ store in m_______ and l____ is readily available as energy. Resynthesizes _____ molecules of ATP. Provides energy for high-intensity exercise lasting between ____ and _____ secs.

12. Disadvantages of the Lactic Acid System Not as quick as ATP/PC system. Produces _______ _______, a fatiguing by-product. Reduces ____ which inhibits enzyme action. Stimulates pain receptors. Net effect is muscle f_________ and p___.

13. Multiple choice questions What is the primary fuel source for the lactic acid system? C) Glucose Where does the lactic acid system take place in the muscle cell? B) Sarcoplasm Which enzyme breaks down glycogen into glucose in the lactic acid system? C) Glycogen phosphorylase What is the by-product of the lactic acid system that causes muscle fatigue? C) Lactic acid How many molecules of ATP are resynthesized by the lactic acid system? B) 2 What happens to the pH level in muscles as lactic acid accumulates? B) It decreases Which enzyme converts pyruvic acid into lactic acid? C) Lactate dehydrogenase What is the effect of high acidity on enzymes involved in glycolysis? B) It inhibits enzyme action What is the term for the point at which lactic acid begins to accumulate in the blood? C) Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation (OBLA) What is one of the training adaptations to the lactic acid system? B) Increased tolerance to lactic acid

14. Short answer questions   Describe the process of glycolysis in the lactic acid system. Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to obtain 2 molecules of pyruvate. This process occurs in the cytosol of cells and does not require oxygen, making it anaerobic. During glycolysis, glucose is converted into pyruvic acid, which is then transformed into lactic acid in the absence of oxygen. This reaction regenerates NADH+ for glycolysis, ultimately producing 2 molecules of ATP. What role does glycogen phosphorylase play in the lactic acid system? Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme that breaks down glycogen into glucose. This glucose is then further broken down in a series of reactions called glycolysis to produce ATP. Glycogen phosphorylase is activated when there is a decrease in phosphocreatine (PC) stores. Explain the impact of lactic acid accumulation on muscle pH and enzyme activity. As lactic acid accumulates in the muscles, it decreases the pH within the muscle cells, leading to higher acidity. This increased acidity inhibits the enzymes involved in glycolysis, such as glycogen phosphorylase and phosphofructokinase (PFK), preventing the breakdown of glucose and inducing muscle fatigue. What are the training adaptations to the lactic acid system that help delay fatigue? Training adaptations to the lactic acid system include increased tolerance to lactic acid, greater buffering capacity against high levels of lactic acid, and increased glycogen storage. These adaptations result in the delay of the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA), delaying the lactic acid system threshold and therefore delaying fatigue. This allows athletes to work harder for longer periods, which is vital for high-intensity sports.  

15. IB SEHS Topic 3.3 - Details - Kahoot!

16. 3.3.7 Describe the production of ATP by the lactic acid system Glycolysis : Is the breakdown of glucose to obtain 2 molecules of Pyruvate. Occurs in cells cytosol. In absence of O 2 the pyruvate produced in the glycolysis is transformed in Lactic acid This reaction regenerates NADH+ for the glycolysis that at the end will be transformed in 2ATPs It’s not so much ATP (only 2 molecules) but the process is very fast. So is a good system for high energy exercises, especially when the PCr system begins to fade. This high speed energy has a consequence, as like PCr it can only be sustained for a short time. One reason for this is that lactate accumulates within muscle and reduces muscle pH. This causes discomfort but also reduces the ability of muscle to contract and we begin to slow down. Lactic acid 2 Lactic acid