English Art Integrated Project [2023-24] [Group No. 1].pdf

English Project on lakshadweep andaman nicobar island

1. ENGLISH ART INTEGRATERD PROJECT
Under ‘Ek Bharat Shretha Bharat Programme’
Theme: Lakshadweep and Andaman Nicobar
Islands -Geographical Setup –A Comprehensive
Study of its Location, Formation, Origin, Main
Features, Maps, Cities.
Name:
Class & Section: 10
th
–C
Roll Number:
Year –2023-24

2. Names of Group Members & Work Done
by Each Member [Group No. 1]
AADI UJJAWAL [Group Leader] –Geographical Setup
AADITYA CHAUHAN –Comprehensive Study of Location
AASHISH KUMAR –Comprehensive Study of Main Features
ABHISHEK KUMAR –Comprehensive Study of Maps & Cities
AGAMDEEP SINGH –Comprehensive Study of Formation & Origin

3. I
N
D
E
X
S. No. Topic Pg. No.
1 Acknowledgement & Certificate 4-5
2 Geographical Setup 6-7
3 Comprehensive Study of Location & Demographics 8-11
4 Comprehensive Study of Formation & Origin 12-14
5 Comprehensive Study of Main Features 15-20
6 Comprehensive Study of Maps & Cities 21-27

4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank Mr./Mrs. Sumer Prasad, my English Teacher and my
Principal, Rev. Fr. SAVARIRAJand Headmistress SR. CARMENfor their support and
guidance in completing my project on the topic Lakshadweep and Andaman
Nicobar Islands -Geographical Setup. It was a great learning experience. I
would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all of my group
members Aadi Ujjawal, Aaditya Chauhan, Aashish Kumar, Abhishek Kumar,
Agamdeep Singh. The project would not have been successful without their
cooperation and inputs. I would also like to thank my parents and other friends
who helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the stipulated time frame.
Student’s Signature _________________

5. CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that ____________________ of class 10
th
-Chas successfully
completed his/her ENGLISH ART INTEGRATERD PROJECT on the topic/theme
Lakshadweep and Andaman Nicobar Islands -Geographical Setupas
suggested by Mr. Sumer Prasadduring the academic year 2023-24 as per the
guidelines given by CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION (CBSE) Under
‘Ek Bharat Shretha Bharat Programme’.
Sign of teacher: ______________________
Teacher’s name: Mr. Sumer Prasad

6. Andaman & Nicobar:
Geographical Setup
Location:The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are situated in the southeastern part of the Bay of
Bengal. They are located approximately 1,200 kilometers, east of the Indian mainland.
Archipelago:The islands form an archipelago consisting of 572 islands, out of which only 37 are
inhabited. These islands are divided into two groups: the Andaman Islands in the north and the
Nicobar Islands in the south.
Geographical Features:The islands are characterized by dense rainforests, white sandy
beaches, coral reefs, and mangrove swamps. The highest point in the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands is Saddle Peak on North Andaman Island, which reaches an elevation of 732 meters
(2,402 feet).
Major Islands:Some of the major islands in the Andaman group include North Andaman Island,
Middle Andaman Island, South Andaman Island (which is home to the capital city, Port Blair),
and Havelock Island. In the Nicobar group, the largest island is Great Nicobar

7. Lakshadweep:
Geographical Setup
Location:Lakshadweep is located in the Arabian Sea, off the southwestern coast of
India. It lies about 200 to 440 kilometers (120 to 270 miles) off the Kerala coast.
Archipelago:Lakshadweep is a group of 36 islands, with only 10 of them being
inhabited. The islands are scattered over an area of approximately 32 square kilometers
(12 square miles).
Geographical Features:The islands are known for their pristine white sandy beaches,
coral atolls, lagoons, and rich marine biodiversity. The topography of the islands is
relatively flat, with the highest point being a mere 2.4 meters (7.9 feet) above sea level.
Major Islands:Some of the major islands in Lakshadweep include Minicoy, Kavaratti
(which serves as the administrative headquarters), Agatti, Kalpeni, and Kadmat.

8. Andaman & Nicobar:
Location & Demographics
oAndaman Nicobar Island is located in the Bay of Bengal and
is part of the Indian Union Territory. It consists of a group of
islands, with the largest being Andaman Island and the
smaller ones being Nicobar Islands.
oThe total area of the island is approximately 8,249 square
kilometers, with most of it covered by dense forests. The
island's topography is characterized by high hills, narrow
valleys, and beautiful beaches that attract tourists from all
over the world.

9. Lakshadweep:
Location & Demographics of
oLakshadweep Island is a group of islands located in the
Arabian Sea. It is one of the smallest union territories of India,
with an area of just 32 square kilometers. The island is made
up of 12 atolls, three reefs, and five submerged banks. The
atolls are composed of small coral islands, which are
surrounded by lagoons. The islands are flat and sandy, with
no hills or mountains.
oThe climate of Lakshadweep Island is tropical, with
temperatures ranging from 27°C to 32°C throughout the year.
The island receives heavy rainfall during the monsoon season,
which lasts from May to September. The vegetation on the
island is limited due to the lack of freshwater. Coconut palms
and other tropical plants can be found on the island.

10. Biodiversity of Andaman & Nicobar
oThe Andaman Nicobar Islands are home to a diverse range of
flora and fauna, with many species found nowhere else in the
world. The islands have over 2000 plant species, including the rare
and endangered pitcher plant, which is found only in the
Andaman Islands. The islands are also home to a variety of animal
species, including the Andaman wild pig, the saltwater crocodile,
and the Nicobar pigeon.
oThe unique biodiversity of the Andaman Nicobar Islands makes
them an important area for conservation efforts. Many of the
species found on the islands are threatened by habitat loss,
hunting, and invasive species. Conservation efforts are underway
to protect these species and their habitats, including the
establishment of protected areas and the implementation of
sustainable tourism practices.

11. Culture and People of Lakshadweep
oThe culture and people of Lakshadweep Island are deeply rooted
in tradition and history. One of the most striking aspects of their
way of life is their close relationship with the sea. Fishing is a way of
life for many residents of the island, and the sea provides not only
food but also a means of transportation and communication. The
people of Lakshadweep have a deep respect for the ocean and
its creatures, and this is reflected in their daily lives and customs.
oAnother important aspect of Lakshadweep culture is their unique
language and music. Dhoni, a traditional form of music, is an
integral part of their cultural heritage and is often performed at
festivals and celebrations. The island's traditional dances, such as
Lava Dance and Kolkali, are also a source of pride for the
community and are passed down from generation to generation.

12. Formation & Origin of
Andaman & Nicobar
Plate Tectonics and Subduction:
oThe formation of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands can be attributed
to plate tectonics. The region lies at the convergence of the Indian
Plate and the Burma Plate. The collision and subduction of these
plates resulted in the upliftment of the seafloor, leading to the
emergence of the islands.
Volcanic Activities:
oVolcanic activities played a significant role in the formation of the
Andaman & Nicobar Islands. The presence of volcanic rocks and
lava flows on these islands indicates past volcanic eruptions. These
volcanic activities contributed to the growth of landmasses over
time.

13. Formation & Origin of
Andaman & Nicobar
Tectonic Uplift and Land Emergence:
oTectonic uplift, resulting from the ongoing collision between the Indian
Plate and the Burma Plate, played a crucial role in the emergence of
the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Over millions of years, the islands
experienced successive periods of upliftment and subsidence due to
geological forces, leading to their present-day formation.
Erosion, Sedimentation, and Coastline Formation:
oThe shaping of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands was also influenced by
erosion and sedimentation processes. The action of wind, waves, and
currents led to the deposition of sediments, contributing to the
formation of sandy beaches, coral reefs, and other coastal features.
Erosion and sedimentation continue to shape the coastlines and
landforms of these islands.

14. Formation & Origin of
Lakshadweep
Coral Reef Formation:
oThe primary mechanism behind the formation of the Lakshadweep Islands is the
growth and development of coral reefs. These islands are mainly composed of
coral atolls, which are formed over extensive periods as coral colonies grow on
submerged volcanic remnants.
Sea-Level Changes and Submergence:
oSea-level changes, including glacial-interglacial cycles, have affected the
formation and evolution of the Lakshadweep Islands. During periods of lower sea
levels, the coral reefs were exposed and formed limestone structures. Conversely,
during periods of higher sea levels, the islands were partially submerged.
Tectonic Activities:
oTectonic activities played a role in the formation and origin of the Lakshadweep
Islands. The region is located near the northern end of the Chagos-Laccadive
Ridge, which is an underwater mountain chain resulting from tectonic forces. These
forces have contributed to the upliftment and emergence of the islands.

15. Main Features of
Andaman & Nicobar
oGeographical Location: The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are situated in the
southeastern part of the Bay of Bengal, approximately 1,200 kilometers away from the
mainland of India. The archipelago consists of 572 islands, out of which only 37 are
inhabited.
oBiodiversity Hotspot: The islands are recognized as one of the world’s biodiversity
hotspots due to their rich and unique flora and fauna. They are home to a vast array of
endemic species, including the Nicobar megapode, Andaman wood pigeon,
Andaman wild pig, Andaman horseshoe bat, and many more.
oMarine Life: The surrounding waters of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are teeming
with diverse marine life. The coral reefs here are considered some of the best in the
world, with over 200 species of coral found in the region. The islands offer excellent
opportunities for scuba diving and snorkeling to explore the vibrant underwater
ecosystems.

16. Main Features of
Andaman & Nicobar
Pristine Beaches: The islands boast pristine, white sandy beaches fringed by lush greenery and crystal-
clear waters. RadhanagarBeach on Havelock Island has been ranked as one of the best beaches in
Asia. Other popular beaches include Elephant Beach, Corbyn’s Cove, and WandoorBeach.
Tribal Culture: The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are inhabited by various indigenous tribes, some of
which have had minimal contact with the outside world. The most well-known tribes are the Jarawa,
Sentinelese, Great Andamanese, and Onge. However, contact with these tribes is restricted to
protect their cultural heritage and ensure their well-being.
Cellular Jail: Located in the capital city of Port Blair, the Cellular Jail, also known as “Kala Pani,” is a
significant historical site. It was originally constructed by the British colonial rulers as a prison to house
Indian freedom fighters. Today, it serves as a national memorial and museum, providing insights into
India’s struggle for independence.
Adventure Tourism: The Andaman and Nicobar Islands offer a wide range of adventure activities for
thrill-seekers. Apart from scuba diving and snorkeling, visitors can indulge in activities like sea walking,
jet skiing, parasailing, kayaking, and trekking through the dense forests.

17. Main Features of
Andaman & Nicobar
National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries: The islands are home to several national parks and
wildlife sanctuaries, preserving the unique ecosystems and protecting endangered species.
Some notable protected areas include the Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park, Campbell
Bay National Park, GalatheaNational Park, and Mount Harriet National Park.
Ross Island: Located near Port Blair, Ross Island served as the administrative headquarters of
the British during their colonial rule. Today, it stands as a ghost town, with remnants of British-
era buildings and a beautiful botanical garden. Visitors can explore the ruins and enjoy the
tranquil ambiance of the island.
Volcanic Barren Island: Barren Island, situated approximately 135 kilometers northeast of Port
Blair, is the only active volcano in South Asia. It offers a unique opportunity for visitors to witness
volcanic activity and experience its rugged beauty. However, access to the island is restricted
due to safety concerns.

18. Main Features of
Lakshadweep
Archipelago: Lakshadweep is an archipelago consisting of 36 islands, out of which only 10 are
inhabited. The islands are scattered over approximately 32 square kilometers of the Arabian
Sea.
Coral Reefs and Marine Life: The islands of Lakshadweep are renowned for their spectacular
coral reefs and diverse marine life. The coral reefs here are considered some of the most
pristine and well-preserved in the world. The marine ecosystem supports a wide variety of
marine species, including colorful fish, turtles, dolphins, and even migratory whales.
Pristine Beaches: Lakshadweep is known for its pristine, white sandy beaches with crystal-clear
turquoise waters. The beaches are secluded, serene, and offer a tranquil atmosphere. Some
popular beaches include AgattiIsland, Bangaram Island, and Kadmat Island.
Lagoons and Atolls: The islands of Lakshadweep are characterized by the presence of
beautiful lagoons and atolls. These shallow, clear-water lagoons, surrounded by coral reefs,
offer excellent opportunities for activities like snorkeling, swimming, and kayaking.

19. Main Features of
Lakshadweep
Water Sports and Adventure Activities: Lakshadweep is a paradise for water sports enthusiasts. Visitors
can indulge in a range of thrilling activities such as snorkeling, scuba diving, kayaking, sailing, and
fishing. The clear waters and abundant marine life make these activities truly unforgettable.
Marine National Park: The entire union territory of Lakshadweep has been declared a Marine National
Park to protect its rich biodiversity. The marine park is divided into three regions: the Amindivi Islands, the
Laccadive Islands, and the Minicoy Island. It aims to conserve and preserve the unique marine
ecosystems of the region.
Traditional Culture: The islands of Lakshadweep are inhabited by a predominantly Muslim population.
The people of Lakshadweep have a rich cultural heritage and follow unique traditions and customs.
Visitors can experience the warm hospitality, traditional music and dance forms like Lava Dance and
Kolkali, and savor the delicious local cuisine.
Minicoy Island: Minicoy Island is the southernmost inhabited island in Lakshadweep and is known for its
distinct culture and traditions. The island is characterized by its unique architecture, especially the
traditional houses known as “bahiri” or “mala.” Visitors can explore the rich cultural heritage of the island
and witness traditional activities like fishing and boat-building.

20. Main Features of
Lakshadweep
Marine Research and Conservation: Lakshadweep is an important
hub for marine research and conservation. The region attracts
scientists and researchers from around the world who study the
coral reefs, marine ecosystems, and climate change impacts.
Efforts are made to promote sustainable tourism practices to
preserve the delicate ecosystem of the islands.
AgattiIsland: AgattiIsland is one of the most developed and
accessible islands in Lakshadweep. It has a domestic airport and
offers facilities for tourists such as resorts, water sports, and scenic
viewpoints. The island is known for its beautiful lagoon, vibrant coral
reefs, and stunning sunsets.

21. Andaman & Nicobar: Maps & Cities
The Andaman Islands stretch from north to south, covering a distance of
approximately 590 kilometers. The main islands include North Andaman,
Middle Andaman, South Andaman, and Little Andaman.
The Nicobar Islands, situated to the south, consist of Great Nicobar,
Nancowry, Car Nicobar, and other smaller islands. The islands are known for
their diverse topography, including lush forests, pristine beaches, and coral
reefs.
The territory is about 150km north ofAcehinIndonesiaand separated
fromThailandandMyanmarby the Andaman Sea.
TheAndaman Islandsand theNicobar Islandsareseparated by the 150km
wideTen Degree Channel(on the10°N parallel), with the Andaman islands
to the north of thislatitude, and the Nicobar islands to the south (or by
179km).

22. Andaman & Nicobar: Maps & Cities
The Andaman Sea lies to the east and the Bay of Bengal to the west. The
island chains are thought to be a submerged extension of theArakan
Mountains.
As of 2021, the Andaman & Nicobar Islands had an estimated population of
around 4.5 lakh people. The majority of the population resides in the capital
city of Port Blair, which is located in South Andaman.
Other significant settlements include Diglipur, Mayabunder, Rangat, and Car
Nicobar.
The islands are connected by air and sea transport. Veer Savarkar
International Airport in Port Blair is the main gateway, offering regular flights to
major Indian cities.

23. Andaman & Nicobar: Maps & Cities
Ships and ferries operate between the islands and the mainland, providing
transportation for both passengers and cargo. The development of
infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and communication networks, has
improved connectivity within the islands.
Port Blair, the capital city, serves as the administrative, cultural, and
economic hub of the islands. It houses the Andaman and Nicobar
Command (ANC), a tri-service defense command of the Indian Armed
Forces. The city has witnessed significant urban development, with the
presence of government institutions, educational facilities, healthcare
services, and commercial establishments.

24. Andaman & Nicobar: Maps & Cities
The unique geographical location of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands
presents both challenges and opportunities. The islands are susceptible to
natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and cyclones. The
remoteness of the islands also poses logistical challenges for infrastructure
development and the delivery of essential services.
However, the islands' pristine natural beauty, rich biodiversity, and potential
for sustainable tourism offer opportunities for economic growth and
environmental conservation.

25. Lakshadweep: Maps & Cities
The Lakshadweep Islands extend approximately 220 to 440 kilometers
off the coast of Kerala. The islands are grouped into three main
categories based on their geographical features: the Amindivi Islands
in the north, the Laccadive Islands in the central region, and the
Minicoy Island in the south. The islands are renowned for their pristine
beaches, coral reefs, and abundant marine life.
As of 2021, the Lakshadweep Islands had an estimated population of
approximately 70,000 people. The majority of the population is
concentrated in the capital city of Kavaratti, which is also the most
developed urban center in the archipelago.
Other significant settlements include Agatti, Minicoy, Andrott, and
Kalpeni.

26. Lakshadweep: Maps & Cities
Kavaratti, the capital city, serves as the administrative and economic
hub of the Lakshadweep Islands. It houses government offices,
educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and commercial
establishments.
The city has witnessed gradual urban development, including the
construction of roads, bridges, and basic infrastructure to support the
growing population.
The Lakshadweep Islands are connected to the mainland through air
and sea transport.

27. Lakshadweep: Maps & Cities
AgattiAirport, located on AgattiIsland, serves as the main airport for the
archipelago, providing regular flights to Kochi, Kerala. Ships and ferries
operate between the islands, facilitating inter-island transportation.
Infrastructure development, including the improvement of roads, harbors,
and communication networks, has enhanced connectivity within the islands
The Lakshadweep Islands face several challenges, including limited land
availability, vulnerability to climate change and natural disasters, and a
delicate ecological balance. The islands also grapple with issues related to
the sustainable management of resources, waste disposal, and the
preservation of cultural heritage.
However, the islands' unique ecosystem, pristine environment, and potential
for eco-tourism offer opportunities for sustainable development, biodiversity
conservation, and renewable energy initiatives.