English past tense

past tenses: simple past and past continuous

1. PAST SIMPLE TENSE PAST CONTINUOS TENS E TOPIC

2. GROUP MEMBERS MARYAM KHALID MEHR UN NISA NAYAB MEHMOOD NAUREENA SAYED NOOR FAIZA MEERAB SAJJAD MUHAMMAD SAAD

3. T E N S E TENSE IS A CHANGE OF FORM IN A VERB TO EXPRESS THE TIME OF AN ACTION.

4. BASED ON TIME FRAME THE VERB TENSES MAY BE CATEGORIZED ACCORDING TO THE TIME FRAME PRESENT TENSE PAST TENSE FUTURE TENSE

5. BASED ON ASPECT ASPECT REFERS TO THE NATURE OF THE ACTION DESCRIBED BY THE VERB SIMPLE OR INDEFINITE CONTINUOS OR PROGRESSIVE PERFECT OR COMPLETE PERFECT CONTINUOS

6. PAST TENSE REFERS TO A VERB TENSE THAT EXPRESSES ACTIONS OR STATES IN THE PAST. IT IS A VERB FORM THAT SHOW ACTION THAT HAS ALREADY TAKEN PLACE.

7. P A S T S I M P L E

8. THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE DESCRIBES ACTIONS AND STATES THAT BEGAN AND ENDED AT A SPECIFIC TIME IN THE PAST.

9. FOR EXAMPLE: I WENT TO THE MARKET SHE PLAYED VOLLEY BALL LAST SATURDAY SARA LIVED IN LAHORE FOR 5 YEARS

10. S T R U C T U R E FOR AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES : SUBJECT + 2 nD FORM OF VERB + OBJECT I TOOK TEA

11. MORE EXAMPLES IT STOPPED RAINING. THEY INVITED THEIR FRIENDS. SHE WALKED TO SCHOOL. THEY WATCHED A FILM. JUNIORS ARRANGED A FAREWELL PARTY FOR THE SENIORS. I WROTE A LETTER. YOU SOLVED A SUM.

12. PAST TENSE TIME EXPRESSIONS Past tense time expressions are words or phrases in sentences that indicates when the action occurred . EXAMPLES : Yesterday 5 days ago Last night 3 weeks ago Last week 7 years ago 10 min ago 4 months ago

13. EXAMPLES WITH TIME EXPRESSIONS: I WORKED HARD LAST WEEKEND. I WENT TO PARIS LAST JULY. I WENT THE BEACH LAST SUNDAY. I BOUGHT A NEW PEN YESTERDAY.

14. ENGLISH HAS TWO TYPES OF VERBS IN THE PAST TENSE: REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS

15. DO YOU KNOW ABOUT REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS IN PAST TENSE?

16. Most  verbs  are  regular verbs Regular verbs   are those whose past tense and past participles are formed by adding a -d or an -ed to the end of the  verb . "To roll" is a good example of a  regular verb : roll, rolled, rolled .

17. ADD - ed ADD - d Needed Posted Shouted Talked Walked Played Asked Moved Loved Closed Danced Arrived

18. IRREGULAR VERBS Irregular verbs are common verbs in the English language that do not follow the simple system of adding “d” or “ed” to the end of the word to form the past tense. That means the spellings can be a little tricky. Some irregular verbs follow patterns, such as drink–drank, spring–sprang, know-knew, and blow-blew but we can’t use those patterns with predictability. Unfortunately, learning irregular verbs means memorization.

19. LOOK AT THESE VERBS! ARE THEY REGULAR OR IRREGULAR? DANCED PLAYED CAME BOUGHT READ CUT WROTE WENT LIKED

20. S T R U C T U R E FOR NEGATIVE SENTENCES: SUBJECT +DID NOT + 1 ST FORM OF VERB + OBJE CT AYESHA DID NOT HELP ME

21. EXAMPLE OF NEGATIVE SENTENCES: I DID NOT WANT TO LEARN ENGLISH . YOU DID NOT LISTEN TO MUSIC YESTERDAY. WE DID NOT LIVE IN KARACHI TWO YEARS AGO. THE DOG DID NOT BARK OFTEN. SHE DID NOT BUY A NEW DRESS THIS WEEKEND FOR THE PARTY.

22. NEGATIVE SENTENCES WITH TIME EXPRESSIONS: I DID NOT LIVE IN FLAT DURING MY LAST SUMMER HOLIDAYS. I DID NOT GO TO KARACHI LAST JULY.

23. S T R U C T U R E FOR INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES : DID +SUBJECT + 1 ST FORM OF VERB + OBJECT DID AYESHA HELP ME?

24. EXAMPLE OF INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES: DID HE WORK YESTERDAY? DID SHE SEE HIM LASR NIGHT? DID YOU GO TO THE SUPER MARKET? DID SHE PLAY FOOTBALL? DID YOU LIVE IN LAHORE? DID YOU WANT TO LEARN ENGLISH?

25. Wh- questions with the past tense verbs  

26. S T R U C T U R E WH-WORD+DID +SUBJECT + 1 ST FORM OF VERB + OBJECT WHEN DID SHE MEET HER FRIEND?

27. EXAMPLE OF WH-WORD INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES

28. AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE SIMPLE PAST TENSE : REGULAR VERBS I HE SHE IT WE YOU THEY WORKED I HE SHE IT WE YOU THEY DID NOT WORK I HE SHE IT WE YOU THEY WORK? DID

29. Special notes of past tense

30. 1. If a regular verb ends in a  consonant  and  y  (or if the final syllable of a regular verb ends in this way), change the  y  to  i   and then add - ed : apply / appl ied ; bury / bur ied ; cry / cr ied ; copy / cop ied ; defy / def ied ; fry / fr ied ; falsify / falsif ied ; hurry / hurr ied ; modify / modif ied ;  pity / pit ied ; qualify / qualif ied ; reply / repl ied ; spy / sp ied ; supply / suppl ied ; try / tr ied

31. 2 . If a regular verb ends in a   vowel  and  y  (or if the final syllable of a regular verb ends in this way), do  not  change the   y   to   i   and then add - ed : annoy / annoy ed ; dismay / dismay ed ; enjoy / enjoy ed ;  obey / obey ed ; play / play ed ; stay / stay ed     3 . If a regular verb ends in  x , add only - ed. Do not double the  x : box / box ed ; fax / fax ed ; mix / mix ed ; tax / tax ed     4 . Regular verbs ending in other spelling patterns usually add -ed .

32. USES OF SIMPLE PAST:

33. COMPLETED ACTIONS IN THE PAST: To express the idea that an action started and finished at specific time in the past. For example: I saw a movie yesterday. I did not see a movie yesterday. Last year, I travelled to japan.

34. 2- A SERIES OF COMPLETED ACTIONS: To list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happened 1 st ,2 nd ,3 rd and 4 th ,and so on. For example: I finished work, walked to the beach , and found a nice place to swim. He arrived at the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and meet the others at 10:00.

35.  3 : Duration in Past Can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.  Examples : I lived in Japan for two years . Ayesha studied Japanese for five years. They sat at the beach all day . We talked on the phone for thirty minutes.

36.  4 : Habits in the Past To describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.  Examples : I studied French when I was a child . Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?

37. 5 : Past Facts or Generalizations   The Simple Past can also be used to describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true . Examples: She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing . He didn't like tomatoes before.

38. PAST CONTINUOS

39. It is used to express a continued or ongoing action in past, an ongoing action which occurred in past and completed at some point in past . For example, “he was laughing.” This sentence shows ongoing action (laughing) of a person which occurred in past. Past  continuous tense is also called past progressive.  

40. STRUCTURE For Simple Sentence: Subject +(was, were)+First Form of Verb+( ing )+ Object ALI WAS FLYING KITE

41. I WAS WATCHING TV WHEN SHE CALLED .

42. Children were playing games .

43. THEY WERE HAVING A BIRTHDAY PARTY LAST SUNDAY.

44. SIGNAL WORDS While As when

45. STRUCTURE For negative Sentence : Subject +(was, were )+not+First Form of Verb+(ing)+Object ALI WAS NOT FLYING KITE

46. Negative sentences Examples 1-They were not laughing at the joker. 2-He was not taking exam last month. 3-You were not waiting for him  yesterday. 4-She was not working in a factory . 5-It was not raining yesterday.

47. STRUCTURE For interrogative Sentence : (was , were)+subject + First Form of Verb + ( ing )+Object WAS ALI FLYING KITE?

48. Interrogative sentences examples : Were they laughing at the joker? Was he taking exam last month? Were you waiting for him yesterday ?   Was she working in a  factory? Was it raining yesterday?

49. USES OF PAST CONTINUOS

50. Use 1: Two (or more) actions that were in progress in the past at the same time. For Example : While I was reading, he was writing . I was studying while my brother was watching tv .

51. Use 2: For descriptions : For example: She looked like a princess. She was wearing a long, silk dress and her eyes were shining.

52. Use 2: To express an interrupted past activity. For example: I was having a shower when the phone rang . I was walking home when it started to rain.

53. Use 3: Often in sentences with the past simple to refer to longer, background activities, while the past simple refers to shorter, completed actions. For example: The children were playing in the garden when their parents arrived.

54. Use 4: Repeated actions (often with always). For example: They were always fighting. She was always complaining about her job.

55. Use 5: To start a story / create an atmosphere: For example: While I was driving to work yesterday ,the sun was shining and the birds were singing.

56. Difference between simple past and past progressive

57. Thank u