English Teaching Parctice, all about learning English

English Teaching Partice

1.  The actual facts of language usage.
The convention meaning, synonymous.
 The place of logic semantics
Rules or other formalism
 The psychological plausibility of
semantic
Thinking is logic thinking.

2. Synonymy
A word having the same or nearly the same
meaning as another word. Adjective:
synonymous. Contrast with antonym.
Synonymy is the sense relation that exists
between words with closely related meanings.
Synonymy relates with word
Synonymy relates with phrase
Synonymy relates with sentence
Synonymy relates with paragraph.

3. Synonymy
Synonyms are words with the same or similar meanings. Words
that are synonyms are said to be synonymous, and the state of
being a synonym is called synonymy. The word comes from
Ancient Greek syn (σύν) ("with") and onoma (ὄνομα) ("name").
Synonyms can be any part of speech (such as nouns, verbs,
adjectives, adverbs or prepositions), as long as both words are the
same part of speech. Here are more examples of English synonyms:
verb
"buy" and "purchase"
adjective
"big" and "large"
adverb
"quickly" and "speedily"
preposition
"on" and "upon"

4. Synonyms of Small
Little, Mini, short, tiny, fine, petite
Synonyms of Soft
Downy, silky, dull, low, weak, spongy, limp, malleable
Synonyms of Weak
Wimpy, sapped, faint, soft, flimsy
Synonyms of Create
Cause, make, construct
Synonyms of Hold
Cling, Clench, Wait, Grip, grasp, clasp
Synonyms of Run
Dash, Gallop, Sprint, Scuttle
Synonyms of Jump
Leap, Bounce, Hop, Vault, Spring

5. Word to phrase
surrender = give up
escape = run away
switch = put on
challenge= take on
Word to sentence
She is an orphan = She is a child and have no
father and mother.
Word to clause
Andi lives in Jakarta = Andi lives in the capital of
Indonesia.

6. Entailment
Is the relation between the two sentences under
which one follows necessary from the other by
the virtue of a certain semantic relation between
them.
Entailment is the relationship between two
sentences where the truth one (A) requires the
truth of the other (B).
An entailment can be thought of as a relation
between one sentences or set of sentences.

7. Examples
Mary broke the window ||- The window broke
Sue and Fred went to the party ||- Sue went to
the party.
 X entails Y
If X is true, Y is true.
Also, if Y is false, X is false.

8. Inconsistency
The definition of an inconsistency is the fact/state
of not being the same throughout.
(noun)An example of an inconsistency is when
two of the same cocktails taste very different
from each other.
John is an orphan is inconsistent with John has a
father. So the rule is:
X is inconsistent with Y
If X is true, Y is false and also if Y is true, X is false

9. Tautology
Is a semantic redundancy that in it there is a
superfluous information.
Ex. The woman is an adult, the kid is a child.
It is also a meaningless repetition.
My sister is an unmarried virgin.

10. •"At the risk of being redundant and repetitive, and
redundant, let me say that
tautology is the last thing children need from their
parents, especially when they are in trouble.
"Whatever you have to say, whatever you do, avoid
tautology. Try to say it only once!"
(Tom Sturges, Parking Lot Rules & 75 Other Ideas for
Raising Amazing Children. Ballantine, 2009)

11. Rules
The rule of tautology would be:
X is a tautology
X is invariably true.

12. Contradiction
A contradiction consists of a logical
incompatibility between two or more propositions.
We say that a statement, or set of statements is
logically consistent when it involves no logical
contradiction.
The term deals with a contradiction between the
subject and predicate in their words. That the
meaning of the subject contains information
incompatible with what is attributed to it in the
predicate.

13. Example
I love you and I don't love you.
Butch is married to Barb but Barb is not married
to Butch.
I know I promised to show up today, but I don't
see why I should come if I don't feel like it.
The restaurant opens at five o'clock and it serves
dinner between four and nine.
John Lasagna will be a little late for the party.  He
died yesterday.