Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) Presented by: Kwality Pharmaceuticals Ltd. – Unit II, Amritsar
What is cGMP? Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) are regulations enforced by regulatory agencies to ensure pharmaceutical products are consistently produced and controlled according to quality standards. Key Focus: - Creating, implementing, and sustaining a culture of compliance.
Regulatory Authorities & Guidelines India: CDSCO - Schedule M (Drug & Cosmetic Act) USA: US FDA - 21 CFR Part 210 & 211 Europe: EMA - EUGMP UK: MHRA - UK Guidelines Australia: TGA - Therapeutic Goods Administration Brazil: ANVISA - National Health Surveillance Agency Canada: Health Canada - GMP Regulations
Core Components of cGMP (21 CFR Part 211) - General Provisions - Organization & Personnel - Building & Facilities - Equipment - Control of Components & Drug Product Containers & Closures - Production & Process Control - Packaging & Labeling Control - Holding & Distribution - Laboratory Controls - Records & Reports - Returned & Salvaged Drug Products
European GMP Structure 1. Pharmaceutical Quality System 2. Personnel 3. Premises & Equipment 4. Documentation 5. Production 6. Quality Control 7. Outsourcing 8. Complaints & Recalls 9. Self-Inspection 21 Annexes (18 & 20 Removed)
Schedule M: Chapters Summary (CDSCO – India) - Premises & Environment - Warehousing - Production - QC Laboratory - Personnel Requirements - Sanitation & Hygiene - Raw Material Handling - Documentation - Quality Assurance - Self-Inspection - Product Recall Systems - Master Formula & Batch Records
Quality Definition “Fitness for Purpose” Principle: - Every product must meet established identity, strength, purity, and safety standards. - Quality is the responsibility of everyone in the organization, from management to operators. - Incorporates Safety & Efficacy intrinsically.
Quality by Design (QbD) - Define desired product performance and develop processes to consistently achieve it. - Focus on scientifically sound design of processes and products from early development stages.
Responsibility for Quality | Stakeholder | Responsibility | |------------|---------------| | Senior Management | Establish & sustain a culture of compliance | | All Employees | Follow defined procedures diligently | | Suppliers | Provide materials of consistent quality | | Distributors | Ensure safe product handling & storage |
Importance of GMP - Prevent Toxic Contamination - Ensure Correct Active Ingredient Amounts - Avoid Defective Product Distribution - Protect Patients and Maintain Brand Trust
Objectives of cGMP - Understand Quality Assurance (QA) & Quality Control (QC) Systems - Comply with Regulatory Framework - Apply Consistent Documentation and Monitoring - Conduct Continuous Process Improvement
Basic GMP Elements - Personnel Training & Responsibility - Proper Premises and Equipment - Sanitation & Hygiene Practices - Accurate Documentation - Internal Audits - Storage & Distribution - Product Recall Mechanism
Processing Requirements - Clear Process Definitions & Validation - Change Control System - Proper Documentation - Batch Traceability - Quarantine & Release Protocols - Discrepancy Investigations
QC Requirements - Validated Sampling Methods - Calibrated Testing Equipment - Proper Storage of Samples - Compliance with Specifications - Batch Release by QC Department Only
Process Validation Lifecycle 1. Process Design 2. Process Qualification 3. Continued Process Verification
Equipment Qualification Phases - Design Qualification (DQ) - Installation Qualification (IQ) - Operational Qualification (OQ) - Performance Qualification (PQ) All documented in a Validation Master Plan.
Good Documentation Practices (GDP) - Structured Documentation Hierarchy - Clear, Legible, Contemporaneous Entries - Strict Change Control - Proper Record Retention - ALCOA+ Principles
Deviation & Change Control Process - Initiation, Evaluation, Approval, Implementation, Monitoring - Critical, Major, Minor categories - Involve all stakeholders from originator to QA reviewer
Risk Assessment in GMP - Use of HACCP, FMEA, HAZOP - Scientifically-based evaluations - Apply appropriate risk controls and monitor effectiveness
CAPA System Overview - Corrective Actions - Root Cause Analysis - Preventive Measures - Documentation of all steps
Ten GMP Commandments - Clean workspace & equipment - Follow SOPs and validated procedures - Accurate signatures & records - Promptly report deviations