Environmental Science honours Part 2nd Feild report

Environmental Science honours Part 2nd Feild report

1. Content Acknowledgement Introduction Area of Choice Journey Details Climatic Condition Geography About the Spots Conclusion

2. Acknowledgement I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude to my teacher Dr. Tirthankar Mallick , Head of the department of Environment Science and Dr. Tanushree Mondal , Netaji Mahavidyalaya, Arambagh for constant inspiration regarding for making my field repot. I also thankful to Sayed Azfar Samimuddin , Miss Tithi Chatterjee and Mr. Sumanta Roy, teachers of department of Environment Science, Netaji Mahavidyalaya for their valuable discussion and advice regarding my field report. …………………………….

3. Introduction Educational tour is a short trip or outgoing to some place, usually for a special purpose and with the intention of a prompt return. It's a learning experience outside the class room. These tour supplement classroom learning by providing students with an opportunity to see the actual places, artifacts, flora and fauna or phenomena that are describe in text book and lectures. Education tour provide valuable educational opportunities away from the class room, without using textbooks and other tools use in a normal class room setting. If the educational tour destination has staff members who do hands-on teaching with visiting students, such as at a science center or research institute the students will be excited to Learn from some new.

4. Area Of Choice This year I choose Hyderabad and nearby areas for my educational tour. Hyderabad is the capital of Andhra Pradesh. Hyderabad is the city which is famous for pearls. It is a  metropolitan city  in terms of infrastructure, diversity and economy. From 1956 to 2014 Hyderabad was the capital of  Andhra Pradesh  state, but, with the creation of Telangana from  Andhra Pradesh  in 2014, it was redesignated as the capital of both states. Hyderabad is the largest city and capital of the southern Indian state Telangana. Hyderabad is located on the banks of the Musi River around artificial lakes. In 2014, the estimated population of Hyderabad is  8.7 million  in 2014, which makes it the 4th most populous city in India. Hyderabad also has many surface water bodies such as lakes ( Hussan Sagar lake etc.),pound, rivers ( Musi river etc.) etc. But most of it is polluted and no further useful in current stage. Hyderabad is located on the  Musi River in the heart of the Telangana Plateau, a major upland region of the Deccan (peninsular India). The city site is relatively level to the gently rolling terrain, at an elevation of about 1,600 feet (500 metres ). The climate is warm to hot and monsoonal (i.e., marked by wet and dry periods), with moderate annual precipitation. Most rain falls during the wet monsoon months of June to October. Hyderabad has become a hub of trade and commerce and an international centre for information technology (IT). Pharmaceuticals, cigarettes, and textiles are among the items manufactured there. Service activities have expanded dramatically, especially those associated with IT, so that they have come to constitute the lion’s share of the city’s economy. Tourism has grown in significance.

5. Map of Hyderabad

6. Journey Details My journey was started from Jaipur International Airport . From Jaipur International Airport we go forward by Indigo 6E 6151 daily flight from Jaipur to Hyderabad . I reach Hyderabad at 8.30 am on 5 January 2018. Then through with the vehicle arranged by CBI ( V.Chandrashekar HOB CBI Hyderabad branch ) . I reached CBI office Koti . The after lunch I visited Jhawar Nagar solid waste dumping Site and visit to GHMC (Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation ). On 6 January I visited Telangana state Pollution Control Board and reached CRPF Group Center Chandrayangutta Guest House. After staying a night in CRPF Guest House on 7 January I visited EPTRI (Environment Protection Training and Research Institute ) Lab . In that evening by Indigo 6E 638 I reached back to Jaipur International Airport. I reached Jaipur nearly 10 pm Jaipur International Airport

7. Field Trip Day 1 Solid Waste Repository Jhawar Nagar, Hyderabad Date: January 5, 2018 Temperature: Min 15° C / Max 27°C Schedule: Start: 10.30 am Stop 1 – Introduction to the Jhawar Nagar solid waste dumping site. Stop 2 – Visit of the site area. Stop 3 – Talk in the information about at GHMC ( Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation ). End: 3.45 pm Field Trip Day 2 Charminar, CRPF Group Center Chandrayangutta , Hyderabad Date: January 6, 2017 Temperature: Min 13° C / Max 30°C Schedule: Start: 11.30 am Stop 1– Telangana state Pollution Control Board Stop 2– CRPF Group Center ( Chandrayangutta ) End: 4.00 pm Journey Details

8. Environment Protection Training and Research Institute, Gachibowli , Hyderabad Field Trip Day 3 Date: January 07, 2018 Temperature: Min 15° C / Max 31°C Schedule: Start : 1.00 am Stop 1 – CRPF Group Center Guest House Stop 2 – EPTRI ( Environment Protection Training and Research Institute ) End: 4.20 pm Journey Details

9. Climatic Condition Hyderabad has a tropical wet and dry climate bordering on a hot semi-arid climate. The annual mean temperature is 26.6 °C (79.9 °F); monthly mean temperatures are 21–33 °C (70–91 °F). Summers (March–June) are hot and humid; with average highs in the mid-to-high 30s Celsius maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) between April and June. The coolest temperatures occur in December and January, when the lowest temperature occasionally dips to 10 °C (50 °F).May is the hottest month, when daily temperatures range from 26 to 39 °C (79–102 °F); December, the coldest, has temperatures varying from 14.5 to 28 °C (57–82 °F ). Heavy rain from the south-west summer monsoon falls between June and September, supplying Hyderabad with most of its mean annual rainfall. Since records began in November 1891, the heaviest rainfall recorded in a 24-hour period was 241.5 mm (10 in) on 24 August 2000. The highest temperature ever recorded was 45.5 °C (114 °F) on 2 June 1966, and the lowest was 6.1 °C (43 °F) on 8 January 1946.The city receives 2,731 hours of sunshine per year; maximum daily sunlight exposure occurs in February

10. Geography Situated in the southern part of Telangana in southeastern India, Hyderabad is 1,566 kilometres (973 mi) south of Delhi, 699 kilometres (434 mi) southeast of Mumbai, and 570 kilometres (350 mi) north of Bangalore by road. It lies on the banks of the  Musi River, in the northern part of the Deccan Plateau. Greater Hyderabad covers 650 km 2 (250  sq  mi), making it one of the largest metropolitan areas in India. With an average altitude of 542 metres (1,778  ft ), Hyderabad lies on predominantly sloping terrain of grey and pink granite, dotted with small hills, the highest being Banjara Hills at 672 metres (2,205  ft ). The city has numerous lakes referred to as  sagar , meaning "sea". Examples include artificial lakes created by dams on the Musi , such as Hussain Sagar (built in 1562 near the city centre ), Osman Sagar  and  Himayat Sagar . As of 1996, the city had 140 lakes and 834 water tanks (ponds) Hyderabad city which is spread over an area of 260km2 is located in Deccan Plateau rises 536 meters above the sea level at latitude of 17.366' N and a longitude of 78.476' E. The city boasts of a unique landscape of rock formations that are almost 2.500 years old. The city has red sandy type of soil and falls in the seismic zone-I which makes the land least exposed to earthquakes. The highest point in Hyderabad is Banjara Hills and the contour level gradually falls from west to east which leads to the creation of a trough near the Musi River that runs through the city. This feature has facilitated sufficient water supply to the city . Topography

11. Jhawar Nagar Solid Waste or Garbage dumping Site The Jawahar nagar dump yard has turned into an island amid black oily water. Rainwater seeps into the garbage and collects in pools around the dump yard. While as per officials the water has been treated and “normalized”, it also may be contaminating the groundwater. There are three lakes within four km radius of the dump yard – Dammaiguda Cheruvu , Nachan Cheruvu and Malkaram Cheruvu – and due to this dumping site all begun turning black. The residents of Dammaiguda village are forced to rely solely on tap water. The 5,000 tonnes of waste that the 100-acre dump yard receives every day is largely made up of garbage that cannot be segregated. This includes food waste in polythene bags and mixtures of dry and wet waste. When such waste begins to decompose, the organic content releases fluid, which after remaining in contact with metals and plastics for a prolonged period turns into a toxic leachate.   An official of the Ramky Group, which is responsible for the management of the dump yard, said that the release of leachate is a major concern. It is more difficult to handle than the landfill itself because it is a cocktail of heavy metals and chemicals. Mr David , an official from Ramky , saids “It is toxic and it cannot be released into the environment. However, we treat whatever we can through reverse osmosis and 50 per cent of the leachate is sent to solar evaporation ponds located adjacent to the site. Toxic solid chemicals that are left behind is put into a landfill.’ ’The dumpsite is surrounded by a number of colonies including Jawaharnagar Gruha , a society for low-income households which houses over 5000 families. Mr. Mohammad Gazi , a resident of this society, says, “We see waste burn all day, and we have to inhale this muck. When it rains, the black water reaches our homes. I regret buying a home here, but I cannot afford to move now .” GHMC (Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation) recently built a canal to divert water between lakes located upstream and downstream without passing through Jawaharnagar . About the Spots

12. Jhawar Nagar Solid Waste or Garbage dumping Site

13. Charminar, CRPF Group Center Chandrayangutta , Hyderabad The Telangana Pollution Control Board is a body of the Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the State of Telangana, India The board is charged with enforcing laws related to environmental protection. TSPCB was constituted under Sec.4 of Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act,1974 and Section 5 of Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act,1981, on 07-07-2014. The Board has the responsibility of implementing a series of Environmental Acts and Rules: Air Act Environment Protection Act Hazardous Waste Rules Bio Medical Waste Rules Municipal Solid Waste

14. Environment Protection Training and Research Institute, Gachibowli , Hyderabad Environment Protection Training and Research Institute (EPTRI) was set up in 1992 as an independent registered society by the State Government with assistance from the Government of India. The State also provided bilateral assistance for technical collaboration between EPTRI and the Swedish International Development Co-operation Agency ( Sida ). EPTRI – a state of the art organization is abreast of wide-ranging concerns regarding environmental conservation and protection from ozone depletion, climate change, integrated environmental strategies to clean development mechanisms. It endeavors to create awareness among communities, civil societies, Government Organizations, NGOs and other stakeholders. It strives to achieve poverty alleviation through employment generation, human development and sustainable environment management. EPTRI as a concomitant of environment protection undertakes various activities covering environmental issues related to industries, protected areas, biodiversity, urban agglomeration, environmental awareness, human resource development, capacity building and research. It serves as a premier agency in advising the Pollution Control Boards and related organizations in fixing environmental standards for the industries, in creating awareness and sensitivity and in the cause of its advocacy. An important function is sustainability in development and to preserve the traditions of communities, the flora and fauna of the region and to document ethno-knowledge and biodiversity.

15. Equipment’s in TSPCB (a) Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (b) Solid Extraction Assembly (c) Flash Point Apparatus (d) Flame Photometer . EPRTI ( Environment Protection Training and Research Institute ) Campus

16. Conclusion The State Government of Andhra Pradesh is working very hard to fight these circumstances but the Government is lagging in giving awareness, education and educating the importance of Environment and resources to the people not only Andhra Pradesh government but also the Government of India is failing in same area of providing education and awareness towards environment. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA has made many laws and polices, rules and regulations but it is easy to make laws but in India like developing countries it is tough to implementation of that laws .   So finally a mass participation is required to protect our natural environment and resources by educating people about its effects and causes establishment of strict laws and must be strictly followed to minimize effect of pollution otherwise the situations may become uncontrollable.