Equipments for Pellets

Equipments for Pellets

1. Equipments for Pellets Submitted to Dr. Shweta Sharma By: Ishpreet Singh Amit Anand Atul Garg

2. Pelletization can be defined as an agglomeration process that coverts fibe particles or particles of bulk drugs and exciepients into small, free flowing, more or less spherical units,called pellets. This technique enables the formation of spherical beads or pellets with a mean diameter usually ranging from 0.5 to 2.0mm. It can be coated and usually used in controlled release dosage forms. Introduction

3. Pelletization techniques :

4. Extrusion- Spheronization :- Extrusion is necessary first step in the extrusion- spheronization process. The size of the sphere are determined by the diameter of the extrudate used. The extrusion- spheronization process can be broken down into following steps:-

5. Extrusion process

6. Commonly used in industrial application. Higher pressure and heat can degrade pharmaceutical products. Screw Extruder:-

7. Screw Extruder

8. Basket extruder

9. Gear extruder

10. Spheronization Spheronization is a process of forming a spherical particles from different rod shapes, by extrusion, that has a diameter ranging from 0.5 to 1mm.

11. The size of the spheres are determined by the diameter of the extrudate used for the spheronization process. For example , in order to obtain spheres with a diameter of 1mm, a 1mm screen is used on the extruder.

12. Spheronization machine design In principle the basic machine consists of a rotating friction disk, designed to increse friction with the product,which spins at high speed at the bottom of the cylinder bowl. The spinning friction disc has a carefully designed groove pattern on the processing surface. This is most often crosshatched, but several sizes and other types are available.

13. Spheronization mechanism of action As the machine rotates, rods move in rotationary movement or woven rope movement, and the most important point that rods should not be friable but it should have a plastic properties to have the ability to spheronized .

14. Main stages in the fluid bed Drying:-

15. Granulation / agglomeration:

16. Types of fluid bed technologies

17. Tangential spray(Rotor Process) Parameters: Liquid addition rate Inlet air temp Humidity Atomization air Pressure Binder type and concentration Disk speed Disk gap

18. Rotogranulation Rotogranulation is one of the most recent methods for the production of spheroids.the singl unit spheronizing system can be described using terms like centrifugal granulator, rotatory fluidized-bed granulator, rotary fluid bed, rotary processor or Rotor granulator: The preblending of the formulation powder, including the active ingredients, filters, disintegrants,in a flow of air. The granulation of the mixture by spraying a suitable liquid binder onto the fluidized powder bed. The drying of the granulated product to the desired moisture content.

19. During processing, three mechanical forces cause particle movement, mixing and granulating. First, the spinning of the disk generates a centrifugal force. Second, a lifting force is generated by the hot air passes through the adjustable disk gap. Third, gravitational force causes material to fall down onto the disk. These mixing provide good mixing and result in granules, drying, coating with good coating uniformly.

20. Spray drying Spray drying represents another process based on globulation . During spraying drying, a drug is solution or suspension is sprayed, with or without exciepients , into a hot-air stream, generating dry and highly spherical particles.

21. Spray congealing In spray congealing the drug is allowed to melt, disperse or dissolve in hot melts of gums, waxes, fatty acids or other melting solids. The dispersion is them sprayed into a stream of air and other gases with a temperature below the melting point of the formulation components, under appropriate processing conditions, spherical congealed pellets are obtained. Spray congealing is similar to sparay drying it is also called spray chilling.

22. Thank you