EUTHANASIA (HUMANE KILLING OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL) .pptx

SACRIFICE OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS.
HUMANE TREATMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL.
SACRIFICE TECHNIQUES OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL

1. EUTHANASIA Presented By:- Dr. Parmanand Atal First year Resident Department of Pharmacology SMS Medical College, Jaipur

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES:- DEFINITION METHODS CHEMICAL METHODS INHALANT NON-INHALANT PHYSICAL METHODS

3. Definition:- “Euthanasia means the humane killing (sacrifice) of an animal which produces rapid unconsciousness and subsequent death without or minimal pain or distress to the animal.”

4. METHODS:- Euthanasia methods are broadly classified as: CHEMICAL METHODS PHYSICAL METHODS

5. CHEMICAL METHODS:- Halothane, enflurane, sevoflurane, methoxyflurane, isoflurane and desflurane are preferred for euthanasia in animals. TWO TYPES INHALATIONAL NON-INHALATIONAL

6. INHALATIONAL CARBON DIOXIDE:- A n effective and widely used agent to euthanize rodents. It is dangerous to use, so precaution should be taken while using it. Nitrous oxide (N 2 O):- Not preferred due to lack in fast onset. May produce hypoxemia and cardiac or respiratory arrest.

7. 3. Ether:- It was formerly used extensively, but is now only acceptable conditionally. Reason is being irritant to mucous membranes and risk of fire and explosion.

8. NON- INHALATIONAL 1. Barbiturates:- Sodium pentobarbital is the most rapid and reliable method of euthanasia for most experimental animals In non-rodent species, given intravenously to be most effective. Intraperitoneal injection is acceptable for euthanasia in small mammals. 2. Potassium chloride (KCl): KCl induces immediate cardiac arrest without any significant depression of the CNS. Used after the animal is deeply anesthetized.

9. 3. Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4):- Produces its action through cardiac arrhythmia, neuromuscular blockade and deep anesthesia, Hence ultimately animal gets euthanized due to cardiac arrest and neuromuscular blockade. 4. Neuromuscular Blocking Agents:- These agents induce muscular paralysis and death because of suffocation. Distress onset is more, hence less preferred for euthanasia. Ex. Succinylcholine, Curare.

10. PHYSICAL METHODS:- 1. Cervical dislocation:- Humane technique for euthanasia Frequently used for mice, rats, guinea pig, rabbits. 2. Decapitation:- Used to euthanize rodents and small rabbits. Guillotine is generally used. Guillotine

11. 3. Microwave irradiation:- Used when an experiment requires fixation of mouse or rat brain metabolites in vivo without losing anatomic integrity of the brain. 4. Penetrating captive bolt:- Conditionally acceptable, when chemical agents are scientifically contraindicated. Not employed in the laboratory animals. M ade for ruminants, horses, and swine

12. Captive Bolt Modern Captive Bolt Device

13. References ;- Practical Manual of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology by Dr. Bikash Medhi And Dr. Ajay Prakash Internet