Evaluation of semi-solids.

This presentation covers all the evaluation parameters for SEMISOLID dosage forms.

1. Evaluation of Semi Solid Dosage Forms Presented By Pooja Swaminathan

2. DEFINITION

3. Classification

4. Types Of Semi-Solids 1. OINTMENTS Ointments are homogenous, translucent, viscous, semi-solid preparation intended for external application to skin or mucous membranes. Ointment may be medicated or not. USES Emollient, Application for active ingredients to the skin, Occulsive

5. 2. CREAMS Viscous semi-solid emulsion with opaque appearance as contrasted with translucent ointments. Consistency depends on whether the cream is W/O or O/W. W/O CREAMS O/W CREAMS Contain lipophilic emulsifying agent Contains O/W emulsifying agent Used as emollient or as cleansing agent O/W creams are elegant drug delivery system

6. 3. PASTES Contains high percentage of insoluble solid (usually 50% or more) Pastes are usually prepared by incorporating solids directly into a congealed system by levigation with a portion of base to form paste like mass. They have good adhesion on skin and less greasy.

7. 4. Poultices They are solid masses of solid matter applied to skin in order to, reduce inflammation & in some cases to act as a counter irritant. Poultices must retain heat for a considerable time. After heating the preparation, it is spread on dressing & applied to the affected area. E.g : Kaolin poultice (B.P.C)

8. 5. GELS & JELLIES Gels are semi solid system in which liquid phase is constrained with a 3-D polymeric matrix having a high degree of physical or chemical cross linking. Gels are aqueous colloidal system of hydrated forms of insoluble medicaments. Jellies are transparent or translucent non greasy semisolid & contain more water than gels. USES: It is used for medication, lubrication & carrier for spermicidal agents to be used intra vaginally with diaphragm.

9. 6. PLASTERS Plasters are solid or semi solid masses made by incorporating medicaments in the resinous or waxy bases which are melted or spread on suitable baking material. They are generously used to, Afford protections & medicinal support. Furnish on occlusive & macerating action. Bring medications in to close contact with the surface of skin.

10. Ingredients for Semisolid

11. Semisolid Bases It is one of the most important ingredients used in the formulation of semisolid dosage form. Ointments base do not merely acts as the carrier of the medicaments, but they also control the extent of absorption of medicaments incorporated with them.

12. Evaluation of Semisolids Evaluation of OINTMENTS PENETRATION Rate of release of medicaments Absorption of medicaments into blood stream Irritant effect

13. Evaluation of CREAMS Rheology Biological Testing Sensitivity

14. Evaluation of PASTE Abrasiveness Particle Size Rheology pH of the product Foaming Character

15. Evaluation Of GELS Drug Content Homogeneity of Drug Content Measurement of pH Viscosity Spreadability Extrudability

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