Evolution of Computer

Computer Evolution

1. COMPUTER
EVOLUTION

2. WHAT IS COMPUTER?
A computer is a general-purpose electronic device that can
be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations
automatically.

3. WHAT IS COMPUTER
EVOLUTION ?

4. EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER
Computer evolution starts in 1940 with vacuum tube circuitry and goes to
the present day — and beyond — with artificial intelligence.
There are five generations in computer history.

5. FIRST GENERATION (1940-1956)
VACUUM TUBES
The first generation computers
used
Vacuum tubes for circuitry,
Magnetic drums for memory,
Very large in size, often taking up entire rooms
A UNIVAC computer

6. FIRST GENERATION (1940-1956)
VACUUM TUBES
The first generation computers
used
They were very expensive to operate,
Using a great deal of electricity,
Generated a lot of heat, which was often the
cause of malfunctions. A UNIVAC computer

7. FIRST GENERATION (1940-1956)
VACUUM TUBES
The first generation computers
used
Input was based on punched cards and paper
tape
The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are
examples of first-generation computing devices.
A UNIVAC computer

8. SECOND GENERATION (1956-1963)
TRANSISTORS
The second generation
computers used
Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in the
second generation of computers.
Still generated a great deal of heat that
subjected the computer to damage. IBM 7000

9. SECOND GENERATION (1956-1963)
TRANSISTORS
The second generation
computers used
The transistor was far superior to the vacuum
tube, allowing computers to become smaller,
faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient and more
reliable than their first-generation predecessors. IBM 7000

10. SECOND GENERATION (1956-1963)
TRANSISTORS
The second generation
computers used
Magnetic drum to magnetic core technology
for memory.
IBM 7000, NCR 304, IBM 650, IBM 1401 are
2nd generation computer. IBM 7000

11. THIRD GENERATION (1964-1971)
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
The THIRD generation
computers used
Transistors were placed on IC(integrated
circuit) , a silicon chips(semiconductors),
which drastically increased the speed and
efficiency of computers. IBM 360

12. THIRD GENERATION (1964-1971)
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
The THIRD generation
computers used
Instead of punched cards and printouts,
keyboards and monitors was introduced.
Smaller and cheaper than their
predecessors. IBM 360

13. THIRD GENERATION (1964-1971)
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
The THIRD generation computers
used
Use High level programming language.
Magnetic core and solid states as main
storage.
PDP-8, PDP-11, ICL 2900, IBM 360 and IBM 370 . IBM 360

14. FORTH GENERATION (1971-
PRESENT) MICROPROCESSORS
The FORTH generation
computers use
The microprocessor brought the fourth
generation of computers, as thousands of
integrated circuits were built onto a single
silicon chip. IBM 4341

15. FORTH GENERATION (1971-
PRESENT) MICROPROCESSORS
The FORTH generation
computers use
Computers could be linked together to form
networks, which eventually led to the
development of the Internet.
IBM 4341

16. FORTH GENERATION (1971-
PRESENT) MICROPROCESSORS
The FORTH generation
computers use
Many high-level languages were developed in
the fourth generation such as COBOL, FORTRAN,
BASIC, PASCAL and C language.
IBM 4341

17. FORTH GENERATION (1971-
PRESENT) MICROPROCESSORS
The FORTH generation
computers use
Very small size, now fit in the palm of the
hand.
IBM 4341, DEC 10, STAR 1000, PUP 11 and
APPLE II.

IBM 4341

18. FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT AND
BEYOND)
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
The FIFTH generation
computers WILL used
Fifth generation computer based on artificial
intelligence, are still in development.
 Voice recognition
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19. FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT AND
BEYOND)
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
The FIFTH generation computers
WILL used
They will be able to recognize image and graphs,
The use of parallel processing,
Quantum computation and molecular and
nanotechnology.
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20. FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT AND
BEYOND)
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
The FIFTH generation computers
WILL used
The goal of fifth-generation computing is to
develop devices that respond to natural
language input and are capable of learning and self-
organization.
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