Evolution of research

EVOLUTION OF RESEARCH

1. EVOLUTION OF RESEARCH

2. The ‘’Research’’ Meaning The word  research  is derived from the Middle French " recherche ", which means "to go about seeking’’ T he term itself being derived from the Old French term " recerchier " a compound word from "re-" + " cerchier ", or " sercher ", meaning 'search' 2

3. Definition One definition of research is used by the  OECD Research  is "creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of  knowledge I ncluding knowledge of humans, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. 3

4. Evolution of Research According to  John W. Creswell "research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue ". It consists of three steps: pose a question, collect data to answer the question, and present an answer to the question 4

5. Evolution of Research Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines research in more detail as “Studious inquiry or examination’’   E specially  : investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws" 5

6. Evolution of Research Evolution in research process along the evolution of human and development in the history . The advancements are result of research and research was conducted on numerous areas with observation and human urge for perfection. 6

7. Objectives of Research Find out truth which is hidden and which has not been discovered. Portray accurate the characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group. Determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is associated with something else. Test a hypothesis of a casual relationship between variables. 7

8. Milestones of Development There are some stages that evolved the concept of research evolution . Agricultural practices ( animal farming and crop farming) Industrialization Cure / remedies for diseases Mechanization of agriculture/ green revolution Technological advancement 8

9. Types of Research Original research Original research is research that is not exclusively based on a summary, review or synthesis of earlier publications on the subject of research. The purpose of the original research is to produce new knowledge, rather than to present the existing knowledge in a new form. 9

10. Scientific research   Scientific research  is a systematic way of gathering data and harnessing  curiosity. The research provides  scientific i nformation and theories for the explanation of the nature and the properties of the world. 10

11. Conti… Empirical One time research/ longitudinal Field setting research Clinical/ laboratory Historical Conclusion oriented Decision oriented 11

12. Steps Of Research Identify the Problem Review the Literature Clarify the Problem Clearly Define Terms and Concepts Develop the Instrumentation Plan Collect and analyze data Results Cite your sources and proofread 12

13. Research Design Quantitative research: It is used for understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations . It helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential quantitative research. Qualitative research: Q uantify the problem by way of generating numerical data  Through Interviews, survey 13

14. Criteria Of Good Research Purpose should be clearly defined. Common concept should be used. Explain procedure clearly for continuity. Results should be as objective as possible. Report with frankness. 14

15. References   OECD  (2015).  Frascati Manual. The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities.  doi :10.1787/9789264239012-en.  ISBN   978-9264238800 .  "OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms – Research and development UNESCO Definition". stats.oecd.org. Archived from  the original  on 19 February 2007. Retrieved 20 May 2018. Creswell, J.W. (2008). Educational Research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River: Pearson. Campbell, Reece. Biology, Sixth edition. Benjamin Cummings. 2001 Livesscience.com/474/controversy-evolution-works.html "What is Original Research? Original research is considered a primary source". Thomas G. Carpenter Library, University of North Florida. Archived from  the original  on 9 July 2011. Retrieved 9 August 2014. Rozakis , Laurie (2007).  Schaum's Quick Guide to Writing Great Research Papers. McGraw Hill Professional. ISBN 978-0071511223 – via Google Books Research methodology methods and techniques ( second revised edition ), C.R. Kothari ( chapter -1) 15