EvolutionNobelPrize IMPORTANT PPT ON NOBEL PRIZE

NOBEL PRIZE 2022 ON EVOLUTION THEORY

1. By: Farha Hussain Assistant Professor, Dept. of Zoology Evolution : Nobel Prize 2022, Svante Paabo

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION KEY FINDINGS ABOUT NEANDERTHALS PIONEER TASKS CONCLUSION

3. Introduction Recently, Svante Paabo was awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his extraordinary discovery which proved modern humans share DNA with extinct relatives Neanderthals and Denisovans.

4. Introduction Paabo , 67, performed his prizewinning studies in Germany at the University of Munich and at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig. Svaante Paabo is the son of Sune Bergstrom, who won the nobel prize in medicine in 1982 He is currently the director of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology

5. The Swedish scientist provided key insights into our immune system and what makes us unique compared with our extinct cousins

6. Paabo and his team also found that gene flow had occurred from Neanderthals to Homo sapiens demonstrating that they had children together during periods of co-existence. This transfer of genes between hominin species affects how the immune system of modern humans reacts to infections, such as coronavirus. About 1-2 % people outside Africa have Neanderthal genes Key Findings

7. While Neanderthal bones were first discovered in the mid-19 th century, only by unlocking their DNA, often referred to as the code of life, have scientist been able to fully understand the links between species About Neanderthal

8. Pioneer Tasks done by Svante The analysis of DNA to create genetic profiles of an organism sounds like relatively unremarkable exercise these days !! But that is when DNA samples are readily available.

9. Pioneer Tasks done by Svante Obtaining genetic information of organisms that went extinct thousands of years ago can be extremely difficult, mainly because of the complications in collecting their DNA.

10. Pioneer Tasks done by Svante Svante Paabo established an entirely new scientific discipline, called paleogenomics that focuses on studying the DNA and genetic information of extinct hominins through reconstruction Paabo’s discoveries have established a unique resource, which is utilized extensively by the scientific community to better understand human evolution and migration.

11. We now understand that archaic gene sequences from our extinct relatives influence the physiology of present-day humans

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