Explore how urbanization affects education and social mobility. Discuss both positive and negative impacts, providing examples from different regions and contexts.

Urbanization/
Education
Social Mobility

1. An
Assignment on
Explore how urbanization affects education
and social mobility. Discuss both positive and
negative impacts, providing examples from
different regions and contexts.
Submitted by
Sujit Kumar Bhoi
Roll- no-2229cukmr-44
Submitted to
Sabir Ahmed Bhat
Assistant Professor in CUK

2. Introduction
Urbanization as a complex process involving several steps that
changes rural areas into urban permanently. In most scholarly
articles, urbanization is generally described as a shift in population
from rural to urban settlements (Pravitasari, 2015; Sitharam &
Dhindaw, 2016; Zhang, Li, Liu, Chen, & Chai, 2017). In developed
nations, urbanization first as nations became more industrialized,
urban growth was fueled by causes including natural population
growth that occurred quickly and rural-urban movement that
occurred in the majority of developing nations. (Bekele, 2005). From
the above discussion, it is clear that industrialization, natural increase
of population and rural-urban migration are the main causes of
urbanization.

3. Background
Education and social mobility are significantly impacted
by urbanization, having both positive and negative
effects. The consequences of growing cities and urban
populations on social mobility and education differ based
on governmental frameworks, socioeconomic situations,
and geographical contexts.

4. How urbanization affects
education
Access to quality schools
Digital learning
Employment opportunities
High-quality education
Exposure to innovation
Overcrowding
Unemployment and poverty
Increased competition
Social instability
Infrastructure challenges
Teacher shortages
Increased dropout rates
Positive impacts on education:
Negative impacts on education:

5. How urbanization affects social
mobility
Better job opportunities
and career advancement
Higher earning potential
and economic mobility
Increased access to social
networks and connections
Increased income inequality
Reduced access to education
Limited job opportunities
Increased cost of living
Positive impacts
Negative impacts :

6. Examples from different
regions and contexts:
Asia:
Tokyo, Japan: Hyper-urbanization and technological advancements have transformed
Tokyo into a global hub, with cutting-edge infrastructure and a vibrant culture.
Mumbai, India: Rapid urbanization and slum formation have created significant
challenges for the city, including poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation.
Shanghai, China: Planned urbanization and economic growth have made Shanghai a
cosmopolitan metropolis, with a thriving business district and a rich cultural scene.

7. Examples from different
regions and contexts:
Africa:
Lagos, Nigeria: Rapid urbanization and informal settlements have characterized
Lagos’ growth, with many residents living in poverty and lacking access to basic
services.
Cairo, Egypt: Urbanization and cultural heritage preservation have shaped Cairo’s
development, with efforts to protect historic sites and promote tourism.
Cape Town, South Africa: Urbanization and spatial inequality have led to significant
disparities in housing, education, and healthcare, with many residents living in
townships and informal settlements.

8. In conclusion, urbanization has both positive and negative
impacts on education and social mobility, depending on
regional contexts, policy frameworks, and socio-economic
conditions. Effective urban planning, investment in education,
and social support systems can mitigate negative impacts and
enhance positive outcomes. By understanding these complex
relationships, we can harness the potential of urbanization to
improve education and social mobility outcomes for all.
Conclusion

9. References
Makowska-Iskierka, M. (2015). The role of the inhabitants of lódz in the urbanisation
of its surrounding area. Tourism, 137-146.
Pravitasari, A.E. (2015). Study on the impact of urbanization and rapid urban
expansion in java and jabodetabek Megacity, Indonesia . Kyoto: Kyoto University
Research Information Respository.
Sitharam, T.G., & Dhindaw, J. (2016). Benefits and challenges of urbanization and low
carbon energy needs in India. Sustainable Urbanization, Planning and Progress .
Zhang, Q.-Z., Li, Y., Liu, J.-S., Chen, Y.-D., & Chai, L.-H. (2017). A dynamic co-word
network-related approach on The evolution of China’s urbanization research.
Scientometrics, 1623-1642.

10. Thank
You!