Expository Methods to Develop a Paragraph

Expository Methods to Develop a Paragraph

1. GRADE 7 ENGLISH QUARTER 3 LESSON 1

2. ACTIVATING PRIOR KNOWLEDGE

3. Recall your experience writing a short story by arranging the five boxes showing the various stages of writing. SHORT REVIEW PRE WRITING DRAFTING REVISING EDITING PUBLISHING

4. Recall your experience writing a short story by arranging the five boxes showing the various stages of writing. FIGURE 1. THE WRITING PROCESS PRE WRITING DRAFTING REVISING EDITING PUBLISHING Brainstorm Organize your ideas. Plan your writing. Write your first copy Use sentences and paragraphs. Read your wiritng and make sure it sounds right to you. Add, remove, or change verb.Rearrange sentences. Fix spelling errors. Check for proper capitalization. Check that you have right punctuation at the end of any sentences. Write your good copy. Be as neat as possible.

5. FIGURE 1. THE WRITING PROCESS Horizon Outlined

6. FIGURE 1. THE WRITING PROCESS PRE WRITING Brainstorm Organize your ideas. Plan your writing. Horizon Outlined

7. FIGURE 1. THE WRITING PROCESS PRE WRITING DRAFTING Brainstorm Organize your ideas. Plan your writing. Write your first copy Use sentences and paragraphs. Horizon Outlined

8. FIGURE 1. THE WRITING PROCESS PRE WRITING DRAFTING REVISING Brainstorm Organize your ideas. Plan your writing. Write your first copy Use sentences and paragraphs. Read your wiritng and make sure it sounds right to you. Add, remove, or change verb.Rearrange sentences. Write your good copy. Be as neat as possible. Horizon Outlined

9. FIGURE 1. THE WRITING PROCESS PRE WRITING DRAFTING REVISING EDITING Brainstorm Organize your ideas. Plan your writing. Write your first copy Use sentences and paragraphs. Read your wiritng and make sure it sounds right to you. Add, remove, or change verb.Rearrange sentences. Fix spelling errors. Check for proper capitalization. Check that you have right punctuation at the end of any sentences. Horizon Outlined

10. FIGURE 1. THE WRITING PROCESS PRE WRITING DRAFTING REVISING EDITING PUBLISHING Brainstorm Organize your ideas. Plan your writing. Write your first copy Use sentences and paragraphs. Read your wiritng and make sure it sounds right to you. Add, remove, or change verb.Rearrange sentences. Fix spelling errors. Check for proper capitalization. Check that you have right punctuation at the end of any sentences. Write your good copy. Be as neat as possible. Horizon Outlined

11. FEEDBACK Student 3 Student 2 Student 1 Stage Pre-writing Drafting Revising Editing Publishing WHAT DID YOUR GROUP DO IN EACH STAGE? Students share with two seatmates what they did in each of the five stages of writing during the final writing activity in Quarter 2. Students’ sharing will be guided by the Feedback Table A.1 below.

12. LESSON PROPER In your final writing task in Quarter 2, you used a story map as a pre-writing activity. This is because you used narration as a method of paragraph development. In this quarter, we will learn about another method: Exposition.

13. LESSON PROPER The main difference between narrative and expository methods of paragraph development is that in the narrative, you tell a story about a certain character/s in a specific time and place . This means you present a sequence of events leading to the climax (the story's most important, often highest point).

14. LESSON PROPER On the other hand, expository essays explain or inform the reader about a certain topic or idea . For example, in the Rappler article which you are about to read, the writer describes the Sinulog, Ati-Atihan , and Dinagyang Festivals to inform the reader and encourage them to join or learn more about them.

15. 4 MOST COMMONLY USED EXPOSITORY METHODS TO DEVELOP A PARAGRAPH 1. sequence/process 2. comparison and contrast 3. cause and effect, and 4. problem and solution.

16. 4 MOST COMMONLY USED EXPOSITORY METHODS TO DEVELOP A PARAGRAPH The expository essay that we will read, #PHTravel: Sinulog, Ati-Atihan , and Dinagyang , describes the similarities and differences between these three festivals. At the end of this lesson, you will be able to write your comparison and contrast expository essay.

17. Using context clues, students think about the possible meaning of the following unfamiliar words from the article #PHTravel: Sinulog, Ati-Atihan , and Dinagyang . An example is provided below: UNLOCKING CONTENT AREA VOCABULARY

18. Sinulog Festival

19. 1. Cebuanos used to dance the Sinulog for their pagan idols, whom they worshipped with singing and dancing. Clue:___________________________________________ Possible Meaning:________________________________________

20. 2. After their conversion from paganism to Catholicism, they continued to dance the Sinulog, but this time, in honor of the Santo Niño. Clue:___________________________________________ Possible Meaning:________________________________________

21. 3. A major event during the festival is a re-enactment of Magellan baptizing the rajah and his wife and bequeathing the statue to Hara Amihan , who, thereafter, was called Queen Juana. Clue:___________________________________________ Possible Meaning:____________________________

22. 1. The Ati-Atihan dancers emulate the Atis' dark skin by covering their skin with soot, a black powdery substance consisting of carbon, to make it dark, and dressing up in the tribe’s traditional costume. Clue:___________________________________________ Possible Meaning:________________________________________

23. 2. The Atis were hostile to the foreigners or Maraynons. Seeing the Maraynons as enemies, they engaged in bloody battles. Clue:___________________________________________ Possible Meaning:________________________________________

24. 3. The Maraynons or foreigners-initiated peace talks with the aboriginal tribe or people from the earliest times before the arrival of the Spaniards. Clue:___________________________________________ Possible Meaning:________________________________________

25. 1. Elicitation Which of the two versions is easier to understand, is more organized, and is well-written? Why? Structure of Expository Texts

26. Structure of Expository Texts 1. Explicitation Which of the two versions is easier to understand, is more organized, and is well-written? Why? Text A Text B Filipinos are among the happiest people in the world. It is hard not to be, right? We live in a place where there are countless fiestas, festival and holidays all year round. No occasion is ever ordinary because Filipinos will find a way to make it special. We will be learning about the three Philippine festivals. Exciting, huh? That’s in January.These are the Sinulog in Cebu, Ati-atihan in Aklan, and Dinagyang in Iloilo. Filipinos are among the happiest people in the world. It is hard not to be when you live in a place with countless fiestas, festivals, and holidays all year round. No occasion is ever ordinary because Filipinos will find a way to make it special. In this lesson, we will be learning about the three Philippine festivals which are held in January. These are the Sinulog in Cebu, Ati-atihan in Aklan, and Dinagyang in Iloilo.

27. A text is well-written if it is well-organized in terms of UNITY, COHESION, AND COHERENCE. UNITY- that the topic sentence (statement or stand) is supported by details such as examples and reasons. COHESION and COHERENCE- appropriate transition markers or signal words such as however, similarly, next are used to connect the ideas logically.

28. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. As mentioned at the beginning of this quarter, four commonly used expository text structures exist. Try to work in groups to recall understanding of expository text structures through a jigsaw activity. Worked Example

29. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. In your group, each member must be assigned to one of the four expository text structures and your goal is to become an “expert” on it . Worked Example

30. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Read the material about the assigned topic and fill out the table below. Once you finish your part, complete the other parts of the table by listening to what the other experts say about their topic. Worked Example

31. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Worked Example Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast

32. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something. describes how two or more things are alike and/or different. explains why or how something happens or exists Cause - what made it happen Effect - what happened tells the problem(s), and sometimes why it/they exist(s), and how it can be solved o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however o if....then o because of o as a result o so o since o to o effects of o caused by o brought about by o problem is... o because o since o this led to o one possible solution is... o therefore o if.... then, thus

33. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something.

34. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time

35. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast timeline steps directions cycle/circle

36. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something. timeline steps directions cycle/circle

37. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes how two or more things are alike and/or different.

38. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however

39. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Comparison and Contrast Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Venn Diagram T-Chart

40. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast Venn Diagram T-Chart

41. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes how two or more things are alike and/or different. o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however Venn Diagram T-Chart

42. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something. describes how two or more things are alike and/or different. tells the problem(s), and sometimes why it/they exist(s), and how it can be solved o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however o problem is... o because o since o this led to o one possible solution is... o therefore o if.... then, thus explains why or how something happens or exists Cause - what made it happen Effect - what happened

43. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something. describes how two or more things are alike and/or different. tells the problem(s), and sometimes why it/they exist(s), and how it can be solved o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however o problem is... o because o since o this led to o one possible solution is... o therefore o if.... then, thus o if....then o because of o as a result o so o since o to o effects of o caused by o brought about by

44. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something. describes how two or more things are alike and/or different. tells the problem(s), and sometimes why it/they exist(s), and how it can be solved o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however o problem is... o because o since o this led to o one possible solution is... o therefore o if.... then, thus Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause Cause 3 Cause 2 Cause 1 Effect 1 Effect 3 Effect 2 Effect

45. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something. describes how two or more things are alike and/or different. tells the problem(s), and sometimes why it/they exist(s), and how it can be solved o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however o problem is... o because o since o this led to o one possible solution is... o therefore o if.... then, thus explains why or how something happens or exists Cause - what made it happen Effect - what happened o if....then o because of o as a result o so o since o to o effects of o caused by o brought about by Cause Cause 3 Cause 2 Cause 1 Effect 1 Effect 3 Effect 2 Effect

46. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something. describes how two or more things are alike and/or different. o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however explains why or how something happens or exists Cause - what made it happen Effect - what happened tells the problem(s), and sometimes why it/they exist(s), and how it can be solved

47. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something. describes how two or more things are alike and/or different. o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however explains why or how something happens or exists Cause - what made it happen Effect - what happened o problem is... o because o since o this led to o one possible solution is... o therefore o if.... then, thus

48. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Concept Maps Problem and Solution Comparison and Contrast describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something. describes how two or more things are alike and/or different. o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however explains why or how something happens or exists Cause - what made it happen Effect - what happened Structure Definition Transition Words Sequence Cause and Effect fishbone problem solutions problem problem problem solution

49. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Structure Definition Transition Words Concept Maps Sequence Problem and Solution Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast describes the order of events, or the steps to follow in doing or making something. describes how two or more things are alike and/or different. o first, second, third o next o finally o then, after o before, before o not long after o while, meanwhile o at the same time o differs from o similar to o in contrast o alike o same as o as well as o on the other hand o either o or o however explains why or how something happens or exists Cause - what made it happen Effect - what happened o problem is... o because o since o this led to o one possible solution is... o therefore o if.... then, thus tells the problem(s), and sometimes why it/they exist(s), and how it can be solved fishbone problem solutions problem problem problem solution

50. The following paragraph frames or templates are presented and classified into different expository text structures. Fill in the blanks with appropriate ideas. Sequence Here are the steps in _______________. First, _________________________. Then,_________________________. Next, _________________________. Finally, _________________________. Problem and Solution 2. _______________ is a problem because _______________. One possible solution is ________________. Another solution is _________________________. These are good ways to solve the problem because ________________________. As a result, _________________________.

51. Cause and Effect 3. The reason why __________ happened was because of __________. If __________, then __________. In order to __________, _________________. Since _______________, _______________. Finally, due to ___________, ____________. This explains why _______________. Problem and Solution 4. Both __________ and ________ are alike in some ways. Both _____ and ______ have similar _______. Both also ________ as well as __________. On the other hand, there are differences as well. One way they differ is __________. Another difference is __________. The following paragraph frames or templates are presented and classified into different expository text structures. Fill in the blanks with appropriate ideas.

52. 1. The Philippines is home to a variety of festivals, both religious and secular or non-religious. These festivals have benefited the country in some ways. Because of these festivals, Filipinos have strengthened their pride in their cultural heritage. These festivals have also created opportunities for building relationships among Filipinos and even with visitors from other parts of the world. Lastly, since these festivals attract visitors, there is an increase in business activities, and the economy also grows. Lesson Activity

53. Answer Key: 1. cause and effect Lesson Activity

54. 2. There are a few steps to planning for a trip around the Philippines and experiencing Philippine festivals on a budget. First, plan your trip budget. Second, choose the places you want to go. Third, decide how long the trip will be and check if the festival date matches your schedule. Fourth, research flights and deals and look for deals. Finally, start saving up. Lesson Activity

55. Answer Key: 1. cause and effect 2. sequence Lesson Activity

56. 3. The Songkran Festival and the Wattah Wattah or Basaan Festival are alike in some ways and different in others. Both of these are celebrated in Southeast Asia and are considered religious festivals. However, Songkran is a Buddhist tradition in Thailand, while Basaan is a Catholic celebration in the Philippines in honor of St. John the Baptist. In Songkran and Basaan celebrations, people are allowed to spray water and drench the people joining in the festivity, but this is done for days in Thailand in April, while Basaan is done only on the feast day, June 24th. These celebrations are enjoyed by locals and tourists alike. Lesson Activity

57. Answer Key: 1. cause and effect 2. sequence 3. comparison and contrast Lesson Activity

58. 4. The number of school contenders for the town fiesta’s street dance competition has declined. Schools and the local government units (LGUs) have proposed solutions to this problem. One solution was to ensure that students were excused from some school activities or given more time to complete school tasks. Another solution was for the LGU to subsidize the students’ costumes and props. Lastly, attractive cash prizes are also given to deserving winners. Lesson Activity

59. Answer Key: 1. cause and effect 2. sequence 3. comparison and contrast 4. problem and solution Lesson Activity

60. Learners’ Takeaways Under the second column, draw the following emojis that represent how you feel about each statement: Very confident Fairly confident Not so confident Not so confident

61. Learners’ Takeaways Learning Targets I feel... I can identify text structures of expository texts. I can use correct transition markers for cohesion and coherence. I can extract information from a given text. I can summarize a text.

62. REFLECTION ON LEARNING What? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ So what? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now what? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

63. A. Expository Text Structure. Identify what is asked in each of the following items. Encircle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer. 1. What graphic organizer is used to organize information for a comparison and contrast article? A. C. B. D. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 4 5 Timeline Fishbone Venn Diagram cycle/ circle

64. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT 2. Which expository text structure is used in writing how-to articles? A. cause and effect C. problem and solution B. comparison and contrast D. sequence 3. Read the paragraph below and identify its structure. Though celebrating Philippine festivals benefits the locality where they are celebrated, people may encounter a few problems during these gatherings. One of these is the heavy traffic experienced by motorists. Another is the increase in the demand for products, like food items, which also means an increase in prices. Lastly, prices of hotels and flight tickets tend to be higher. A. cause and effect C. problem and solution B. comparison and contrast D. sequence

65. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT 4. In your Social Studies class, you were asked to interview people involved in the fiesta celebration preparations (e.g., tourism officers and church officials) and ask about the usual challenges they face during these preparations and their intended plan of action or solution. Once you make a report on the data you gathered, what expository text structure will you use? A. cause and effect C. problem and solution B. comparison and contrast D. sequence 5. Below are the titles of articles; which among the following do you think is an expository text that most likely uses the problem and solution structure? A. Steps in the Writing Process B. Expository vs. Narrative Text C. Five Common Mistakes in Writing D. Challenges in Writing and How to Overcome Them

66. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT B. Transition Markers: Complete each sentence by filling in the blanks with the correct transition marker. Choose your answers from the box below. at the same time in the same way on the other hand unlike besides likewise similarly while The Masskara Festival and Moriones Festival are two Philippine festivals that showcase Filipino creativity and resilience. These festivals are similar in a way, but they have more differences. 1. The Moriones Festival has been celebrated for centuries _______________ the Masskara Festival is more recent. 2. The Masskara Festival is celebrated in Bacolod City, the capital of Negros Occidental, every October. _______________, the Moriones Festival is held on the island of Marinduque every Holy Week.

67. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT B. Transition Markers: Complete each sentence by filling in the blanks with the correct transition marker. Choose your answers from the box below. at the same time in the same way on the other hand unlike besides likewise similarly while 3. _______________ the Moriones Festival which is a Christian tradition to celebrate the life and passion of Christ, the Masskara Festival is not a religious celebration. 4. The Masskara Festival started in 1980 when a sea vessel, MV Don Juan, and a Tacloban tanker collided, taking away around 700 lives. _______________ the Negrenses experienced a crisis when the price of sugar, the major product of Negros Occidental, dropped. 5. The Masskara Festival is celebrated with street dancers wearing smiling masks. _______________, the Moriones Festival is characterized by penitents wearing masks and intricate costumes, bringing to life the Roman soldiers wearing Morion helmets.

68. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT Answer Key: A. Expository Text Structure 1. D. 2. D. 3. A. 4. C. 5. D. B. Transition Markers 1. while 2. On the other hand 3. Unlike 4. At the same time 5. Similarly

69. MORE PRACTICE 1: Quiz: Text Structures Instructions : Read each passage or question carefully. Identify the text structure used in the passage. Choose from: After a heavy storm swept through the town, power lines were down, and streets were flooded. To address the issue, emergency services quickly organized clean-up crews and set up shelters for displaced residents. What is the text structure? Sequence/Chronological Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution

70. MORE PRACTICE: 2. Mountains and valleys are both natural landforms, but they differ in several ways. Mountains are elevated and rugged, while valleys are low-lying and often have streams running through them. What is the text structure? Sequence/Chronological Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution

71. MORE PRACTICE: 3. First, mix the flour, sugar, and salt in a bowl. Next, add the eggs and milk and stir until smooth. Finally, pour the batter into the pan and bake for 25 minutes. What is the text structure? Sequence/Chronological Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution

72. MORE PRACTICE: 4. The introduction of smartphones has drastically changed communication. Because of their convenience, people now rely more on texting and social media than traditional phone calls. What is the text structure? Sequence/Chronological Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution

73. MORE PRACTICE: 5. Traffic congestion in urban areas has become a significant problem, leading to lost time and increased pollution. Implementing carpool lanes and expanding public transportation are potential solutions. What is the text structure? Sequence/Chronological Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution

74. MORE PRACTICE: 6. Although both turtles and tortoises belong to the same family, they differ significantly. Turtles are aquatic, while tortoises live primarily on land. Additionally, turtles have streamlined shells for swimming, whereas tortoises have dome-shaped shells for protection. What is the text structure? Sequence/Chronological Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution

75. MORE PRACTICE: 7. The Wright brothers made history by achieving the first powered flight in 1903. Decades later, advancements in aviation led to the development of commercial airplanes, transforming how people travel. What is the text structure? Sequence/Chronological Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution

76. MORE PRACTICE: 8. Because of prolonged drought conditions, crops failed, and water shortages worsened. As a result, the region experienced significant economic losses. What is the text structure? Sequence/Chronological Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution

77. MORE PRACTICE: 9. To build a sandcastle, start by gathering wet sand. Then, pack it firmly into a bucket. Next, turn the bucket over and lift it carefully to create a solid base. What is the text structure? Sequence/Chronological Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution

78. MORE PRACTICE: 10. Deforestation has led to the destruction of habitats, which threatens the survival of many species. One way to address this issue is to promote reforestation and protect existing forests through conservation efforts. What is the text structure? Sequence/Chronological Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem and Solution

79. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT Answer Key: Problem and Solution Comparison and Contrast Sequence/Chronological Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Comparison and Contrast Sequence/Chronological Cause and Effect Sequence/Chronological Problem and Solution

80. MORE PRACTICE 2: Quiz: Choosing the Right Transition Signals Instructions : Read each sentence or paragraph carefully. Choose the correct transition signal that fits the text structure provided. Both apples and oranges are healthy fruits. Apples are crisp and sweet, ______ oranges are juicy and tangy. A. whereas B. because C. therefore D. next

81. MORE PRACTICE 2: Quiz: Choosing the Right Transition Signals Instructions : Read each sentence or paragraph carefully. Choose the correct transition signal that fits the text structure provided. 2. Both apples and oranges are healthy fruits. Apples are crisp and sweet, ______ oranges are juicy and tangy. A. whereas B. because C. therefore D. next

82. MORE PRACTICE 2: Quiz: Choosing the Right Transition Signals Instructions : Read each sentence or paragraph carefully. Choose the correct transition signal that fits the text structure provided. 3. The storm knocked out the power, ______ the entire neighborhood was left in darkness. A. after B. so C. although D. instead

83. MORE PRACTICE 2: Quiz: Choosing the Right Transition Signals Instructions : Read each sentence or paragraph carefully. Choose the correct transition signal that fits the text structure provided. 4. Plastic pollution is harming the oceans. ______, people are being encouraged to reduce their use of single-use plastics. A. On the other hand B. For example C. As a result D. In conclusion

84. MORE PRACTICE 2: Quiz: Choosing the Right Transition Signals Instructions : Read each sentence or paragraph carefully. Choose the correct transition signal that fits the text structure provided. 5. Both buses and trains are forms of public transportation. ______, buses are more flexible, while trains are faster for long distances. A. In contrast B. Similarly C. For instance D. Instead

85. MORE PRACTICE 2: Quiz: Choosing the Right Transition Signals Instructions : Read each sentence or paragraph carefully. Choose the correct transition signal that fits the text structure provided. 6. First, spread peanut butter on one slice of bread. ______, place jelly on the other slice. A. Then B. Because C. Afterward D. However

86. MORE PRACTICE 2: Quiz: Choosing the Right Transition Signals Instructions : Read each sentence or paragraph carefully. Choose the correct transition signal that fits the text structure provided. 7. People littered the park, ______ it became unpleasant for others to visit. A. so B. after C. however D. finally

87. MORE PRACTICE 2: Quiz: Choosing the Right Transition Signals Instructions : Read each sentence or paragraph carefully. Choose the correct transition signal that fits the text structure provided. 8. Many students struggled to understand the new topic. ______, the teacher decided to give extra examples and practice. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Similarly D. Meanwhile

88. MORE PRACTICE 2: Quiz: Choosing the Right Transition Signals Instructions : Read each sentence or paragraph carefully. Choose the correct transition signal that fits the text structure provided. 9. Summer is hot and sunny in many places. ______, winter is cold and snowy. A. As a result B. Meanwhile C. In contrast D. Then

89. MORE PRACTICE 2: Quiz: Choosing the Right Transition Signals Instructions : Read each sentence or paragraph carefully. Choose the correct transition signal that fits the text structure provided. 10. The school day begins with homeroom. ______, students attend their first class. A. Because B. Next C. Therefore D. Similarly

90. TEACHER’S REMARKS Note observations on any of the following areas: Strategies explored Materials used Learner engagement/interaction Others Problems Encountered Effective Practices

91. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT Answer Key: A. whereas B. Next B. so C. As a result A. In contrast A. Then A. so A. Therefore C. In contrast B. Next

92. Reflection guide or prompt can be on: ▪ Principles behind the teaching What principles and beliefs informed my lesson? Why did I teach the lesson the way I did? How did I choose the materials I used for this lesson? ▪ Students What roles did my students play in my lesson? What did my students learn? How did they learn? ▪ Ways forward What strategies will I continue using which worked well for this lesson? What could I have done differently? What can I explore in the next lesson? TEACHER’S REFLECTION