Extinction

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1. EXTINCT , ENDANGERED AND VULNERABLE SPECIES. Remya Das.S

2. EXTINCTION ……. In biology  and  ecology ,  extinction is the end of an  organism or of a group of ,normally a  species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the   last individual of the species, although the capacity  may have been lost before this point.

3. A species potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "re-appears " (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence . Passenger pigeon, Pink headed duck, Dodo,Bali tiger, Himalayan Quail, Moa, Great Auk etc. are extinct.

4. The   Passenger Pigeon , one of hundreds of species of extinct birds, was hunted to extinction over the course of a few ecades.

5. DODO BALI TIGER PINK HEADED DUCK

6. Endangered species An endangered species is a native species that faces a significant risk of extinction in the near future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. Such species may be declining in number due to threats such as habitat destruction, climate change, or pressure from invasive species. White Winged Duck,Greater Adjustant etc. are Endangered species.

7. E ndangered species Green sea turtle Swamp deer Wild Indian Ass Black Buck Rhinoceros Wild Buffalo

8. Critically endangered A  critically endangered (CR)  species is one which has been  categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as facing a very high risk of extinction  in the wild. It is the highest risk category assigned by the  IUCN Red List for wild species. There are currently 2129 animals and 1821 plants with this assessment, compared with 1998 levels of 854 and 909, respectively.

9. great INDIAN BUSTARD

10. Vulnerable  species A vulnerable species is one which has been  categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as likely to become  endangered unless the circumstances   threatening  its survival and  reproduction improve . Vulnerability is mainly caused by habitat loss or destruction. Vulnerable species are monitored and are becoming threatened. However, some species listed as "vulnerable" may in fact be quite common in captivity, an example being the military macaw. There are currently 4728  animals and 4914 plants classified as vulnerable, compared with 1998 levels of 2815 and 3222, respectively. Saras bustard is vulnerable species.

11. SARAS

12. CONCLUSION The Red Data Book is the state document established for documenting rare and endangered species of animals, plants and fungi as well as some local sub-species that exist within the territory of the state or country. This book provides central information for studies and monitoring programmes on rare and endangered species and their habits. In Kerala 3 animals present in the Red Data Book they are Lion tailed Macaque, Civet cat, Nilgiri thar .  

13. RED DATA BOOK IN KERALA Lion tailed Macaque Nilgiri thar Civet Cat