EYE BANKING, BY HEMANT KUMAR (OPTOMETRIST)

EYE BANKING

1. EYE BANK PRESENTER: H.KUMAR ( TECH. OFFICER OPHTHAL).

2. INTRO It is a non profit community organization which deals with the collection, evaluation , storage & distribution of cornea for the purpose of corneal grafting,research & training .

3. THREE TIER ORGANIZATION A three-tier system in eye banking consists of Eye Bank Training Centers(EBTC), Eye Banks(EB) and Eye Donation Centers(EDC). This structure helps manage the collection, processing, and distribution of donated corneas for transplantation, research & training.

4. Focus: Training and skill upgradation of eye banking personnel, as well as research related to eye banking. Activities: Handle all functions of an eye bank (tissue harvesting, processing, evaluation, storage, distribution). Provide training to eye bank personnel from various centers. Conduct research to improve eye banking practices .  EYE BANK TRAINING CENTER (EBTC)

5. Focus : Tissue collection, evaluation, storage, and distribution. Activities: Running a hospital Corneal Retrieval Program(HCRP) Perform tissue evaluation and processing. Store corneas in a suitable environment. Distribute corneas to hospitals for transplantation. Maintain a public response system.  Receive corneas from EDCs. EYE BANKS (EBs)

6. Focus: Primarily responsible for public awareness, coordinating with donor families, harvesting and transporting donated eyes. Activities: Raise awareness about eye donation in the community. Counsel families of potential donors. Retrieve and transport corneas to eye banks .  EYE DONATION CENTERS(EDC)

7. India was the first country to launch the National Programme for Control of Blindness (NPCB) in 1976. The objective of scheme is to promote eye banking activity in the country through government facilities. Goal of NPCB is to reduce the prevalence of blindness. NPCB

8. Eye should be donated within 6-9 hrs of death. Total removal time is about 15-20 min. Switch off fans of the rooms. Keep AC on. Place wet cotton on closed eyes of the donor. There is no disfigurement of face after donation. EYE DONATION-FACTS

9. Age- NO BAR for eye donation. Any gender can donate. Families can donate the eyes of their dear departed even if it has not been pledged before . All religions endorse the practice of eye donation. Who can donate eyes?

10. HIV HEPATITIS B & C SYPHILIS SEPSIS VENTILATOR-MORE THAN 3DAYS REYES SYNDROME RABIES DEMENTIA PARKINSON TB DISSEMINATED Who can not donate eyes?

11. INFECTIONS IN EYE TUMOURS IN EYE ACTIVE MENINGITIS CONGENITAL RUBELLA RETINOBLASTOMA DEATH OF UNKNOWN CAUSE ACTIVE DISSEMINATED LYMPHOMAS COVID 19 Conti…

12. The donor’s family receive a certificate of appreciation from the eye bank. Eyes are evaluated at the eye bank and only the ones deemed suitable are used for transplant & others are used for research and training. Cornea transplantation should be done within 4 days if preserved in MK Media & 14 days if preserved in Cornisol . Recipients are notified on a first come first serve basis from the registry. AFTER DONATION

13. FUNCTIONS OF EYE BANK

14. CORNEA RECOVERY

15. ENUCLEATION

16. IN-SITU

17. PRESERVATION

18. A moist chamber is a simple,short -term method for preserving eyeball. It involves placing the enucleated eye in a sterile,humidified environment at 2-8* C. This method is widely used for short-term storage,typically up to 48 hrs . MOIST CHAMBER

19. MK ( McCarey -Kaufman) media is a solution used to preserve donor corneas up to 4 days when stored at 2-8*C. MK MEDIA

20. CORNISOL media is a solution used to preserve donor corneas up to 14 days when stored at 2-8*C . CORNISOL

21. EVALUATION

22. SPECULAR

23. EXCELLENT : CELL DENSITY OF > 3000 CELLS/MM2. VERY GOOD : CELL DENSITY OF 2500-3000 CELLS/MM2. GOOD : CELL DENSITY OF 2000-2500 CELLS/MM2. FAIR : CELL DENSITY OF 1500-2000 CELLS/MM2 POOR : CELL DENSITY OF <1500 CELLS/MM2 CELL DENSITY

24. SLIT LAMP

25. RATE CRITERIA EXCELLENT NO EPITHELIAM DEFECTS. CLEAR STROMA. NO ARCUS SENILIS. NO FOLD IN DESCEMET’s MEMBRANE. ENDOTHELIUM –NO-DEFECTS. VERY GOOD SLIGHT EPITHELIAM HAZE. CLEAR STROMA. VERY SLIGHT ARCUS. FEW FOLDS IN DESCEMET. ENDOTHELIUM –NO-DEFECTS. GOOD MODERATE EPITHELIUM DEFECTS. MODERATE STROMA CLOUDYNESS. ARCUS<2.5MM. NUMEROUS BUT SHALLOW FOLDS. FEW VACUOLATED CELLS IN ENDOTHELEUM.

26. RATE CRITERIA FAIR EPITHELIUM DEFECTS>60%. MOD TO HEAVY STROMAL CLOUDINESS. NUMEROUS DEEP DESCEMET”s FOLDS. ARCUS>2.50MM. LOW ENDO CELL DENSITY. POOR CENTRAL EPITHELIUM DEFECTS. HEAVY STROMAL CLOUDYNESS. MARKED FOLDS. MARKED ENDO CELLULAR DEFECTS.

27. SUITABLE FOR TRANSPLANT ?

28. IF YES….

29. STORAGE

30. Eye bank shall distribute ocular tissues to surgeons after reviewing all the donor documents in accordance with the medical standards of NPCB. Fair and equitable . Tissue shall be distributed to Ophthalmologists, institutions and other eye banks who are registered under the transplantation of human organs Act. DISTRIBUTIONS

31. Distribution of tissue shall be made without regard to sex,religion,race,color and national origin. Prioritization of distribution shall be based on emergency , then urgent , then scheduled need .

32. THANKS