fAMILIARIZATION WITH lABORATORY.pptx 123

Familiarization with Laboratory, in environmental chemistry.

1. Familiarization with ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Laboratory

2. BEFOR ENTERING INTO LABOATORY:

3. LIST of LABORATORIES FOR THE SUBJECT ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES I SR. NO. Name of Laboratory Description 1 Air Pollution Instruments to monitor Air and Sound are equipped 2 Instrumentation Lab Instruments to measure presence of metals, acid, alkali, organic and inorganic in water/wastewater sample. 3 Environmental Science Lab Facility to carry out the analysis of water/wastewater parameters.

4. LABORATORY GLASSWARE

5. PIPETTE 0.1 mL , 1 mL , 5 mL , 25 mL , 50 mL To take specific quantity of sample Mohr’s pipette To take required quantity of sample (graduated marking) Volumetric Pipette To take exact quantity of sample (single marking)

6. Test tube 25 mL For chemical reaction For microbiological test Nessler’s Tube 100 mL Colour comparison

7. Glass Beaker (Borosilicate) 50ml, 100ml, 250ml, 400ml, 600ml, and 1000ml For preparation of chemicals and storage of chemicals Plastic Polypropylene Beaker 50ml, 100ml, 250ml, 500ml and 1000ml They are unbreakable and can be used with commonly used acids, solvents and alkalis

8. Measuring cylinder 25 mL , 50 mL , 100 mL , 250 mL , 1000 mL To take required quantity of sample/ water. ( graduated) Volumetric flask 25 mL , 50 mL , 100 mL , 250 mL , 1000 mL To take exact quantity of sample/water (one mark) Mostly used to prepare specific concentration of solution.

9. Reagent bottle 250 mL , 500 mL , 1000 mL , 2.5 L To store sample/ reagent Brown colour reagent bottle 250 mL , 500 mL , 1000 mL , 2.5 L To store sample/ reagent To prevent oxidation due to sunlight. To prevent degradation of solution due to sunlight

10. Condenser - It condenses steam and convert it into water. Used in experiment for determination of Ammonical nitrogen

11. BOD bottle 300 mL Used in BOD test and analysis of DO in water/wastewater. COD tube Used in COD test,

12. Funnel To transfer liquid/ reagent. Separating funnel 240 mL , 500 mL , 1 L, 2 L To separate oil and grease from wastewater during analysis of Oil and grease.

13. Filter Flask 250mL, 500mL, 1000mL and 2000ml Used for receiving a filtering liquid Generally used in analysis of TDS Wash Bottle 1000 ml Washing of glasswares

14. Conical Flask 100 mL , 250 mL , 500 mL For chemical reaction during titration Round bottom flask 100 mL , 250 mL , 500 mL For chemical reaction Generally used during determination of ammonical nitrogen.

15. Petri dish For microbiological test (for culture growth). Distillation Flask 500 mL , 1000 mL Distillation during chemical reaction. Eg . During analysis of ammonical nitrogen.

16. Dessicator To cool the sample at room temperature. Used during analysis of TSS, MLSS, MLVSS. Burette During titration to titrate drop by drop to obtain accurate result.

17. Buchner funnel

18. LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS

19. Hot Air Oven Capacity 450 C For drying samples -105 C for Total Solids - 100 c fro total Dissolved Solids COD apparatus Capacity -500 C COD test( 140-150 C )

20. COD Soxhlet extraction heater For COD test ( 140 0C) Conductivity meter Capacity 10 5 μ mho For measurement of conductivity of water samples.

21. pH meter Capacity – 0 to 14 To mesure pH of solutions ( Acidic and Alkaline) Nephelo turbidity meter 0 to 1000 NTU To measure turbidity of water or waste water sample

22. BOD incubator 20 ͦC for 5 day BOD test, 27 ͦC for 3 day BOD test For BOD test Monopan Balance 100gm capacity, accuracy 0.001gm To weigh the sample or chemicals

23. Ion selective meter To measure concentration of ions from water or wastewater sample UV- Visble Spectro -photo meter To measure concentration of metal from wastewater

24. Ion Chromatograph To measure concentration of ions from water or wastewater sample High performance liquid chromatograph To measure concentration organic matter from sample

25. Gas Chromatography Used measures the content of various pollutants in a sample (waster/wastewater)

26. Flame photometer To measure Calcium, Sodium, Lithium, Potassium in water Magnetic stirrer To stir the solution

27. Jar test apparatus To find coagulant dose during jar test Water purification system (UI & RO) For purification of tap water which is used for preparation of chemical reagent

28. Multi photo meter To measure metal concentration from water and wastewater samples TOC analyzer To measure TOC from water/wastewater.

29. Flue gas analyzer For analyses of flue gas CO, CO 2 , SO 2 , NO 2 VOC detection meter ( voletile organic carbon) To measure VOC

30. Stack monitoring kit To measure concentration of flue gas from stack CO/HC analyzer To measure CO and HC from vehical

31. Laminar Air flow Used for Micro-biological test to grow specific type of culture Microbiological oven For microbiological test

32. Auto clave For sterilization during microbiological test to kill micro organisms for microbiogical test. Gas flow meter To measure gas flow

33. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer To measure ionic concentration Auto titrator

34. Inductive couple plasma Used for the detection of trace metals in environmental samples NMR ( Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) To determine physical and chemical properties of atoms or the molecules in which they are contained. To investigate the properties of organic molecules.

35. BOMB Calorimeter Used to determine the energy contained in a substance by measuring the heat generated during its combustion Flash point analyser For flash point determination of biodiesel, distillate fuels, new lubricating oils, residual fuel oils, cutback residua, used lubricating oils etc.

36. Dissolved oxygen meter To Measure Dissolved Oxygen In water and wastewater Muffle Furnace For evaporation of VSS