Family geraniaceae part-I.pptx

Taxonomy, Vegetative characters, Reproductive characters , distinguishing characters floral formula, digram, economic importance of family geraniaceae

1. Family Geraniaceae L. Part –I By Dr. S.D. Randive

2. Content: Introduction of family Geraniaceae General characters of the family Genera included under the family Diagnostic features of the family Common plants of the family One of the e.g of the family Classification Vegetative & Reproductive characters of the family. Economic importance of the family

3. Introduction Geraniaceae is one of the dicot family. Members of this family are widely distributed over temperate and subtropical regions of northern and southern hemispheres. Geraniaceae family shows presence of 7 genera and 830 species. Most of the members of this family are ornamental. They also shows presence of alkaloids, flavenoides, cardiac glycosides.

4. The members of this family have antibacterial, antimicrobial activity. Members of family have antifungal, antioxidant property. Members are usually used for extraction of essential oil. Members are grown as indoor or outdoor plants. Flowers of the family are coloured and attractive.

5. Geraniaceae is a family of flowering plants. Geraniaceae and  Francoaceae  are the two families included in the order Geraniales under the (APG) classification. The family name is derived from the genus  Geranium . The family shows presence of large number of Garden plants.  and the garden plants called geraniums.

6. Among them three largest are: Geranium  (430 species)  Pelargonium (280 species)   Erodium  (80 species). The family is characterised by presence of lobed or divided leaves. Most of the members of this family are herb or shrubs.

7. Root system is tap root Stem is fleshy, thick woody, in many genera rhizome or tuber like stem and covered with simple or glandular hairs. Leaves are stipulate, usually alternate and rarely opposite, leaves incised or palmilobed or incised upto the base or compound, rarely entire. Inflorescence is Cymose or solitary or biclustered .

8. Leaf variation in family

9. Presence of stipulate leaves. Pentamerous flower. Anthers usually 10 Ovary terminates into beaked structure at apex. Flowers bracteate, pentamerous, complete, bisexual, actinomorphic, rarely zygomorphic , hypogynous . Flower shows well differentiated calyx and corolla

10. Flowers are coloured in shades of pink, red, purple, blue and white. Calyx usually 5, rarely 4 or 8, polysepalous, rarely connate, imbricate or twisted aestivation. Corolla usually 5, rarely 4 or 8, polypetalous, imbricate aestivation, shows presence of nectiferous glands, usually alternating with the petals,.

11. Stamens 10 in two whorls of 5 each, anthers basifixed , connate, bithecous . Gynoecium 3-5 rarely 2-3, syncarpous ovary Superior, axile placentation. Type of fruit is capsule dry schizocarp. Seeds are endospermic or with scanty endosperm. Embryo is mostly curved. Pollination is Entomophilous.

12. Main Seven genera of Geraniaceae Geranium Palargonium Erodium Monsonia California Hypseocharis Sarcocaulon

13. Genera of the family Aulacostigma California Campylia Ciconium Cortusina Dimacria Erodium Eumorpha Geraniospermum Geranium Hoarea Hyperum Hypseocharis Isopetalum Jenkinsonia

14. Linostigma Monsonia Myrrhidium Olopetalum Otidia Pelargonion Pelargonium Peristera Phymatanthus Polyactium Polyschisma Robertium Sarcocaulon Seymouria

15. Some genera of family

16. Diagnostic features of family Herbs or shrub lets. Members are aromatic. Stem & leaves hairy, gland dotted. Leaves Stipulate Leaves alternate  or in a basal rosette, simple, or pinnately or palmately divided. Inflorescence cymose , solitory . Corolla shows presence of alternate nectoriferous glands. Flowers pentamerous.

17. Flowers mostly irregular  with 4 free sepals and 5 petals. Aestivation twisted or imbricate Stamens 10-15, free or fused at base. Ovary superior. Style 3-5-lobed, syncarpous . Fruit a dry schizocarp, with mericarps 1-seeded.

18. Beautiful flowers of the family

19. Common plants of the family Geranium ocellatum  Erodium cicutarium Pelargonium odoratissimum Pelargonium zonale Melianthus major Geranium viscosissimum Impatiens walleriana Sarcocaulon crassicaule

20. Fruits of the family

21. Seeds

22. Thank You..