FATE Map

A chart showing the fate of each part of an early embryo, in a particular blastula stage is called fate maps. It is done because the correct interpretation of gastrulation is impossible without the knowledge of the position which are the presumptive germinal layers (Ectoderm, Mesoderm and Endoderm) occupy in blastula.
Fate mapping is a method used in developmental biology to study the embryonic origin of various adult tissues and structures. The "fate" of each cell or group of cells is mapped onto the embryo, showing which parts of the embryo will develop into which tissue. When carried out at single-cell resolution, this process is called cell lineage tracing. It is also used to trace the development of tumors.

1. FATE
MAP
Dr. Dinesh C. Sharma,
Associate Professor & Head
Deptof Zoology
Km. MayawatiGovt. Girls P.G. College, Badalpur, GB nagar

2. Achartshowingthefateofeachpartofanearlyembryo,ina
particularblastulastageiscalledfatemaps.Itisdonebecause
thecorrectinterpretationofgastrulationisimpossiblewithout
theknowledge ofthepositionwhicharethepresumptive
germinallayers(Ectoderm,MesodermandEndoderm)occupyin
blastula.
Fatemappingisamethodusedindevelopmentalbiologyto
studytheembryonic originofvariousadulttissuesand
structures.The"fate"ofeachcellorgroupofcellsismapped
ontotheembryo,showingwhichpartsoftheembryowill
developintowhichtissue.Whencarriedoutatsingle-cell
resolution,thisprocessiscalledcelllineagetracing.Itisalso
usedtotracethedevelopmentoftumors.
Thefateofthecellsisdeterminedintheblastulaorearly
gastrula,sofatemappingcanbedoneatthesestage.

3. Sourse:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fate_mapping#/me
dia/File:Carte_de_lign%C3%A9e_cellulaire_ava
nt_la_gastrulation_jusqu'%C3%A0_la_formatio
n_de_la_t%C3%AAte_chez_la_souris.jpg

4. Thefatemaps ofdifferent
typesofanimal’seggscanbe
constructed bythefollowing
methods.
1-Constructionoffatemapsbuy
Naturalmarking-inthiscasethe
cytoplasmofthefertilizedeggof
someanimals(Eg.Cionia,Styla,
Urochordate)hasnaturalcolour
differenceinvariousportions.
Forexample,onthebasisof
pigmentation differentiationfour
general reasons maybe
distinguished intheegg
cytoplasmofStylapartia.
Upper
hemisph
ere
A light
Protoplas
m
presumptive
epidermal
ectoderm
Postero-
ventrall
y
Ayellow
crescent
presumptive
mesoderm
Antero-
dorsally
A Grey
crescent
presumptive
neural
ectoderm
and
notochord
Lower
vegetati
vearea
A dark
grey
yellow
substance
presumptive
endoderm

5. https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbioone.org%2Fjournals%2Fzoological-science%2Fvolume-31%2Fissue-10%2Fzs140117%2FCell-Lineages-and-Fate-Maps-in-Tunicates--Conservation-
and%2F10.2108%2Fzs140117.full&psig=AOvVaw2vM--9EQNp_CWrLi0cpqqC&ust=1600507011040000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCIiFhbCv8usCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAd

6. Becauseofthenaturaldifferenceinpigmentation,thedevelopmentalfateofthesereasonshasbeenworked
outwithconsiderableprecision.
Source:https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.auburn.edu%2Facademic%2Fclasses%2Fzy%2Fvert_embryo%2Fhtml%2F08amphibfa temap.html&psig=AOvVaw2vM--
9EQNp_CWrLi0cpqqC&ust=1600507011040000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCIiFhbCv8usCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAN

7. 2-Constructionoffatemapsbyartificialmarking-WatherVogt(1925)discoveredthe
artificialmarkingmethodintheconstructionoffatemapsofamphibians.Following
artificialmarkingmethodsareusedforfatemapping
A-Vitalstainingmarkingmethod-Thisisdonewiththehelpofvitalstains(Eg.neutral
red,Nilebluesulphate,BismarckBrown, Janusgreen)whicharerestainbycellsfor
considerableperiodsandnotinterferethenormalprocess.
Forexample-FortheconstructionoftheFatemapofanamphibianasmallpieceof
Agarorcellophane(staincareers)isstainedwithvitalstainanditispressedagainstan
areaofblastulaforashortperiod.Thestaindiffusesfromstaincareerstoblastomeres,
whichwillretaintheirdistinctivecolorationforseveraldays.Bysomarkingseveral
areassimultaneously,itispossibletofollowthemovement ofgastrulationbycontinuous
observation.Moreover,thepersistenceofthestainmakesitpossibletoestablishthe
ultimatelocationofmarkedmaterialintheembryo.Thisinturn,enablesonetoproject
thepatternofpartsbackontotheblastulaandthus,constructamapofprospective
organreason.
Byvitalstainingmethods,thefatemapshavebeenmadeforanumberofvertebrate
species.

8. B-Carbonparticlemarkingmethod-Thismethod
discoveredbySpratt(1946).Inthismethodthetiny
carbonparticlesareappliedonthesurfaceofthe
embryo.Carbonparticleissticktothesurfaceof
thecellsandcanthusbeusedasmarkersenabling
theinvestigatortofollowthemovement ofcellsand
drawofthefatemaps.
C-Radioactivelabellingmarkingmethods-radioactive
labellingofblastomeresforthefatemappingisused
nowadaysforconstructionofFatemap.