Feasibility report

Method to Carry Out Feasibility Study

1. Feasibility Study Report Writing Presented By: M. Ali Mohsin MME-16-04

2. What is a “Feasibility Study” Definition: “ A feasibility study is an analysis of how successfully a project can be completed, accounting for factors that affect it such as economic, technological, legal and scheduling factors”. Project managers use feasibility studies to determine potential positive and negative outcomes of a project before investing a considerable amount of time and money into it. Feasibility study is the result of feasibility analysis

3. What is a “Feasibility Study” Feasibility study as project plan - assumes the project concept is feasible and maps out the course for project implementation. It examines in detail the five frames of analysis of a given project. It also takes into consideration its four Ps, its risks, and its constraints (calendar, costs, and norms of quality).

4. F ive frames of analysis The frame of definition frame of contextual risks the frame of potentiality the parametric frame the frame of dominant and contingency strategies F our Ps Plan Processes People Powe r

5. Importance Feasibility studies allow companies to determine and organize all of the necessary details to make a business work. A feasibility study helps identify logistical problems, and nearly all business-related problems, along with the solutions to alleviate them. Feasibility studies can also lead to the development of marketing strategies that convince investors or a bank that investing in the business is a wise choice.

6. Reasons to do Feasibility Report Gives focus to the project. Narrows the business alternatives. Identifies new opportunities. Provides valuable information for “go/no go” decision. Increases probability of business success by identifying weaknesses early. Helps receive funding from lenders, grant providers, etc.

7. Five Areas of Project Feasibility Technical feasibility : L ays out details on how a good or service will be delivered, which includes transportation, business location, technology needed, materials and labor. Economic Feasibility :   This assessment typically involves a cost/ benefits analysis of the project, helping organizations determine the viability, cost, and benefits associated with a project before financial resources are allocated. Legal Feasibility: T his assessment investigates whether any aspect of the proposed project conflicts with legal requirements like zoning laws, data protection acts, or social media. The proposed venture is acceptable in accordance to the laws of the land.

8. Five Areas of Project Feasibility Operational Feasibility :   Operational feasibility studies analyze how a project plan satisfies the requirements identified in the requirements analysis phase of system development.   Scheduling Feasibility: This assessment is the most important for project success; after all, a project will fail if not completed on time. In scheduling feasibility, an organization estimates how much time the project will take to complete.

9. Project Preparation vis-à-vis Project Cycle Strategic and Sectoral Considerations Design Phase Feedback loops Process flow Project Identification Project Preparation Implementation Planning Project Start-up Project Execution Project Sustainability Implementation Phase Feasibility Study, EIA, PSD Pre-feasibility Study, PPD PIP

10. Overview of FS Contents and Outline FEASIBILITY STUDY Executive Summary (PSD) Introduction Project Strategic Context III. Technical Analysis IV. Institutional Assessment V. Environmental Assessment VII. Financial and Socio-Economic Analysis VI. Stakeholder Analysis VIII. Conclusions IX. Project Implementation Plan IX. Appendices

11. Steps To Writing A FSR How to write a feasibility study report? Regardless of project size, scope and type, there are several key steps to writing such an important document . Write Project Description At this step, you need to collect background information on your project to write the description. For example, your company needs to increase online sales and promote your products/services on the Web. Then in the first part of your report you could write the next description : Describe Possible Solutions In order to take this step to write a feasibility study report template, you’ll need to perform an   alternatives analysis  and make a description of possible solutions for your project. For example, in your FSR template your e-commence project might have the following solutions description:

12. Steps To Writing A FSR List Evaluation Criteria Now it’s time to set and define evaluation criteria for possible solutions. This step of feasibility study report writing requires you to investigate the solutions and put them against a set of evaluation criteria. For example, you could add the following criteria to your report: Propose the Most Feasible Solution Once the criteria are used to evaluate the solutions, your next step for writing a feasibility study report is to determine the most economically reasonable and technically feasible solution which lets the company 1) keep to optimal use of project resources and 2) gain the best possible benefit. For example, your report might include:

13. Steps To Writing A FSR Write Conclusion The final step of the feasibility study reporting process requires you to make a conclusion by summarizing the project’s aim and stating the most feasible solution. For example, the conclusion of your FSR might be:

14. Elements of a Good Feasibility Report A good feasibility report must have these six essential elements: The Project Scope : Description or the definition of the business problems and opportunities. The Current Analysis : The  implementation plan and the methods of a new product or how the service is being provided. The Requirement :   The requirements need depending on the objective of the project.

15. Elements of a Good Feasibility Report The Approach : Action plan  and effective solutions to meet the desired requirements. Evaluation : The evaluation and assessment of the cost-effectiveness of the chosen approach . Review : This will verify the accuracy of the feasibility report and make better decision making.

16. Summary The feasibility analysis is an internationally accepted process used to evaluate various project dimensions important for achieving the desired project benefits . An effective tool for appraising the project from standpoints of all project stakeholders. It is not a waste of time. It significantly reduces the risks in project implementation.

17. Challenges & Innovations Building a skyscraper poses challenges that test the mind of any engineer. Burj Khalifa stands a whopping 2,723 feet in the air making it the tallest building in the world. However, this was not accomplished without overcoming several major engineering design obstacles. In order to design such a complex and outstanding structure, many records in physical accomplishments and innovations had to be shattered. The sheer height of the structure posed many challenges for engineers constructing the Burj Khalifa. These challenges caused engineers to think with great creativity and ingenuity to accomplish a truly remarkable feet. Here are some of the challenges and innovations that the designers of Burj Khalifa overcame and engineered:

18. WIND As with any tall building, wind plays a major factor in the construction and design process. In order to begin building, the design team of Burj Khalifa conducted over 40 wind tunnel tests. These tests were intended to determine the behavior of the wind in Dubai itself and the amount of stress that the wind would place on the building. Structural analysis models were built in the computer to determine the pressure of the wind placed on the building and the reaction that the building would have to the specific climate of Dubai. These tests also included determining the challenges the wind would pose on the construction process itself. In order to build the Burj Khalifa, tower cranes were placed very high in the air, which obviously can be extremely dangerous. The wind tunnel tests ran before the construction helped to determine how to implement these cranes into the construction process. Wind force on the tower was one of the critical stressors considered in the design and features implemented into the tower’s structure. The overall shape of the tower if looking from above resembles the letter “Y”; this three-legged structure was engineer’s solution for the intense wind conditions the tower would face. The center of the tower is a stiff hexagonal-shaped core. Each of the three wings of the structure is buttressed by the others through this central core. Engineers spent months in wind tunnels with scale models perfecting this “Y” shaped design. Wind could strike the tower from any one direction and the opposing leg of the “Y” would remain unstressed.

19. THE STACK  EFFECT The stack effect is a common problem in most high rise buildings and is also prevalent. The stack effect is the movement of air into and out of buildings. Commonly , the warmer air is lighter and less dense than cold air. Therefore the warm air will rise to the top of the building while the cold air will try to fill the cracks in the bottom of the building. This is very pronounced in the winter. The problem this causes is that the pressure in the bottom can build up and can cause more cracking. Cracks in the foundation could cause complete structural failure. This could be disastrous to a building as tall as Burj Khalifa . To mitigate this effect, the designers of the building used several air duct systems to move the warm air out of the building. The stack effect cannot be completely eliminated however it can be mitigated and used as a ventilation system for the upper part of the building.

20. CONSTRUCTION Common construction principles, such as laying concrete, applying façades, installing windows, etc. soon became feats of engineering themselves. Not only was the record of world’s tallest building shattered, but many more construction-related records followed in similar fate. The task of laying concrete from ground level to heights soaring above 1600 feet had simply never been done before. To do this, engineers simulated the effects of pumping concrete to grand heights by testing concrete through horizontal pipes on the construction site. The effects of friction and volume flow were studied so researchers could estimate the pressure needed to pump concrete upwards of 1600 feet. Setting a world record in the process, engineers successfully used 80 MPa of pressure to pump concrete to a height of 1972 feet. This shattered the previous record of pumping to a height of 1542 feet at the Taipei tower in China . Other records shattered include the installation of the tower’s aluminum and glass façade. This had never been done at the heights of the Burj Khalifa and was a feat in itself. The combined weight of all the aluminum used on the tower surpasses that of five A380 aircraft. The panels were lifted using a series of cranes and installed by crews of hundreds of specialists. The glass used on the tower was often time handcrafted and installed one-by-one by a crew of skill workers. This had to be done because of the complex and variable design on the tower’s upward progression.Although not new to skyscrapers, the use of data recording sensors on the tower is enormous. The scale of the network of sensors innovates how engineers understand the complexity behind the design and concrete structure. Starting from the foundation, these sensors were originally installed to monitor the weight of the building and its effect on the concrete as the structure grew taller. As construction progressed, these sensors became numerous and now give engineers the ability to scope how structures behave under immense pressures. This innovation allows engineers and analysts to turn this data into results that are able to be applied to structures of the future.

21. SAFETY DURING DISASTER With a building of sheer proportion such as the Burj Khalifa which can facilitate up to 12,000 people at once, safety became a priority. One major problem prevalent in the Burj Khalifa is the ability to get to a place of safety during a fire or other disaster. It is completely unreasonable for a person to have to walk down 160 floors if there is a fire; therefore, the designers of Burj Khalifa implemented pressurized, air-conditioned refugee areas every 25 floors.  An example of the Fire & Life Safety Plan for Level 42 of the tower can be seen below. The building also possesses a service elevator that can hold 5,500 kg and is the tallest in the world. 

22. Are you thinking about starting a business ? How long have you been dreaming about starting your own business? What steps have you taken toward making your dream come true? Do you have family support to start your own business? How much money do you need to make? What kind of experience do you have in this industry? Will this business help you realize your personal life goals?