FEDERALISM IN INDIAN CONSTITUTAND POWER SHARINGION

FEDERALISM

1. CLASS-XI POLITICAL SCIENCE CHAPTER- FEDERALISM Key Points :- 1-Federalism in India 2- Characteristic of Indian Federalism 3- Federal traits in Indian Constitution 4- Characteristics of Solidarity in Indian Constitution 5- Why strong Central Government in Indian Union 6-Tension in the Indian Federal System

2. Meaning Of Federalism Federalism refers to the idea of staying organized (unionism is the association of two or more states together; federalism first started with America Federalism is an institutional system that consists of two types of political system . It consists of a central level and a provincial level political system. Each level of political system is itself autonomous. The central or federal government’s jurisdiction is the whole country and its responsibilities are subjects of national importance. The Union Government can make decisions on the subjects of the Union list . Legislation creates independent judiciary to prevent conflict between centre and state.

3. FEDERALISM IN INDIA Article 1 of the Constitution of India called India that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States. During the national movement, many leaders wanted that in order to rule a large country like India, it would be necessary to divide the powers or subjects into central and provincial levels. Indian society has regional and linguistic diversity, so people of every region get the opportunity of self-government. Needed According to Indian federalism, a federal (central) government in India, 28 states and 8 union territories governments work on their own subjects, there is a clear distribution of powers in the Indian Constitution

4. Characteristic of Indian Federalism 1-Written Constitution 2-Supremacy of the Constitution 3-Independent Judiciary 4-Division of power Union list-98 state list-61 and Concurrent list-52 5-Three levels of government (Central-State and Local government)

5. Confederate Characteristics in Indian Constitution 1-The constitution is Supreme, no power is above the constitution, all will remain within the scope of the constitution. 2-India has an independent judiciary that does not allow the government to be dictators. 3- There are three levels of governments in India: (central level, state level, local level)

6. Characteristics of Solidarity in Indian Constitution 1-Single Citizenship. 2- More power inclination like central government in power division. 3-Governor’s appointment in states by the President. 4-Same constitution for union and state. 5- All India Services 6- Unified Judiciary. 7- Centre more powerful during emergency. 8- Federal Government has more importance in constitutional amendment

7. Why Strong Central Government in Indian Union? India is a large and diverse country. The makers of the Constitution hoped that such a large country could be controlled only by a strong central government. At the time of independence there were more than 500 native princely states, which were merged only by a strong central government.

8. The Constitution of India has given a lot of powers to the Central Government, while the governance of the states is the responsibility of the State Governments, due to this, from time to time the states keep demanding more autonomy and powers, due to this, tensions and conflicts arise in the center and the states. Happen to be Center-state relationship Major conflicts in the Indian Federal System :

9. States keep demanding more rights and autonomy from time to time, which are in the following forms Financial Autonomy Administrative autonomy Cultural and linguistic issues 2. Role of Governor and President’s rule 3. Demand for new states 4. Inter-state Disputes 5. Specific Provisions

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