felling of trees

felling of trees:- feller buncher and hand felling

1. felling of trees Submitted to: Submitted by: Divya mam Md mahmood 12011BB006 Fsp II sem Jnafau & spa

2. Felling  is the process of downing individual trees, an element of the task of logging . Methods:- 1 Feller buncher :- A  feller buncher  is a motorized vehicle with an attachment which rapidly cuts and gathers several trees in the process of felling them. In  cut-to-length logging a harvester performs the tasks of a feller buncher additionally doing the delimbing and bucking of the trees as well . 2 Hand felling :- In hand felling, an axe, saw, or chainsaw is used to drop a tree, followed up by limbing, bucking, and in traditional applications . In the modern commercial logging industry, felling is typically followed by limbing and skidding

3. Feller buncher A  feller buncher  is a type of harvester used in logging. It is a motorized vehicle with an attachment that can rapidly cut and gather several trees before felling them . Older style Feller buncher tree cutting machine . Front view of a feller buncher.

4. A feller buncher consists of a standard heavy equipment base with a tree-grabbing device furnished with a chain-saw, circular saw or a shear - a pinching device designed to cut small trees off at the base. The machine then places the cut tree on a stack suitable for a skidder or forwarder, or other means of transport (yarding) for further processing (e.g., delimbing, bucking, loading, or chipping). Closeup hard wood grabbing device, with chainsaw for felling trees There are also wheeled feller bunchers with no articulated arm. Instead this type of vehicle drives close and grabs the tree. In cut-to-length logging a harvester performs the tasks of a feller buncher additionally doing the delimbing and bucking of the trees as well.

5. harvester A  harvester  is a type of heavy forestry vehicle employed in cut-to-length logging operations for felling, delimbing and bucking trees. A forest harvester is typically employed together with a forwarder that hauls the logs to a roadside landing . 6-wheeled Valmet  harvester Small 4-wheeled Rottne harvester

6. Harvester head. Harvester head, chainsaw  visible. Harvester consists of :- 1 Chain saw . 2 Two or more curved delimbing knives . 3 Two feed rollers to grasp the tree. 4 Diameter sensors to calculate the volume of timber harvested in conjunction with a measuring wheel which measures the length of the stem as it is fed through the head .

7. Hand felling:- In hand felling, an axe, saw, or chainsaw is used to drop a tree, followed up by limbing, bucking, and in traditional applications . In the modern commercial logging industry, felling is typically followed by limbing and skidding .

8. Chainsaw Felling and Bucking: Planning and Operational Factors/Variables Felling Pattern Perpendicular Herringbone Contour

9. Chainsaw Felling and Bucking: Planning and Operational Factors/Variables Terrain

10. Chainsaw Felling and Bucking: Planning and Operational Factors/Variables Tree Lean and Weight Distribution

11. Chainsaw Felling and Bucking: Planning and Operational Factors/Variables Stage Felling and Skidding

12. Chainsaw Felling: The Process Choose the lay of the tree Clear brush and identify an escape route from the tree (OR-OSHA: 20-25’ @ 45 angle) Undercut or Face cut Backcut Wedging & Holding Wood (hinge)

13. Tree Processing: Chainsaw Considerations Measure the whole tree before starting the bucking

14. Tree Processing: Chainsaw Considerations Tree lay creates compression and tension wood “Top, bottom and side binds”