FINAL PPT

1. CLEAN TECHNOLOGY DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL (DMFC)

2. INTRODUCTION WHAT IS CLEAN TECHNOLOGY? Cleantech  is any product or services that improves operational performance , productivity, or efficiency while reducing costs, inputs,  energy consumption , waste, or environmental pollution It means to generate power with smaller environmental footprint and minimize pollution. It includes recycling renewable & many other applications that are energy efficient.

3. SIGNIFICANCE Most of the current power generation methods have adversely affected the in various ways environment such as ozone hole, acid rain , change in climate patterns and global warming. Due to this, more cleaner forms of energy are required.

4. PRODUCTS AND SERVICES Recycling Renewable Energy Green or sustainable technology (Fuel Cells, Green Vehicles, etc.. )

5. Direct Methanol Cell (DMFC)

6. Promises of DMFC Methanol- a better substitute for hydrogen in fuel cell. Energy density: Methanol: 4.8 Wh /cm 3 Hydrogen: 2.7 Wh /cm 3 Easy transportation and handling Readily available, relatively lesser cost Stable at all atmospheric conditions 2.Environmental Concerns

7. Electrochemical reactions involved in DMFC Anodic reaction(Oxidation): 0.02 V CH 3 OH + H 2 O → CO 2 + 6H + + 6e - Cathodic reaction (Reduction): 1.23V 3/2 O 2 + 6H + + 6e - → 3H 2 O Overall reaction: 1.21 V CH 3 OH + 3/2 O 2 → CO 2 + 2H 2 O

8. Process Description

9. Proton Exchange Membrane Semi permeable membrane pure polymer membranes or from composite membranes separation of reactants and transport of protons and prevent back migration. Examples:-  fluoropolymer  (PFSA)  Nafion , PTFE (Teflon).

10. Fuel cell stack

11. EXPERIMENTAL SET UP CLAMP STAND MEDICAL SYRINGES 2, 10 ml WIRE MESH (5cm*5cm*.05cm) DMM MEA (2.5cm*2.5cm) ADHESIVE (ARALDITE)

12. SET UP

13. WIRE MESH USED AS CURRENT ELECTRODE GALVANIC CORROSION ELIMINATION OF CHROMIUM

14. Methanol Oxidation Mechanism (1): CH3OH + 3Pt ' Pt3-COH + 3H+ + 3e- ( 2): H2O + Ru ' Ru-OH + H+ + e- (3): Pt3-COH + 2Ru-OH ' Pt-COOH + H2O + 2Pt + 2Ru (4): Pt-COOH + Ru-OH ' CO2 + H2O + Pt + Ru

15. EFFECTS OUTPUT VOLTAGE V/S CONCENTRATION AT ROOM TEMP .

16. EFFECTS OUTPUT VOLTAGE V/S TEMPERATURE

17. RESULTS & INFERENCE OPTIMUM TEMP: 90 degree Celsius OPTIMUM CONC: BELOW 1N

18. ISSUES SLOW ELECTRO OXIDATION KINETICS: Formation of intermediates (11 step reaction) Poisoning of Catalyst. Desorption of intermediates

19. ISSUES METHANOL CROSS OVER: Different from PEM Diffusion through membrane Internal short circuiting. Fouling of cathode (Pure Pt)

20. ISSUES

21. ISSUES Gas Management on Anode Side: CO2 bubbles formation 2 phase Slug Reduction of methanol diffusion area.

22. ISSUES Change in pattern in feed channel patterns Small & homogenous pores.

23. COST ANALYSIS FOR EXPERIMENTAL SET UP: ITEM AMT/SIZE PRICE 1. WIRE MESHES 5cm*5cm *2 15.0 2.MEA 2.5*2.5 cm^2 7000.00 3.MEDICAL SYRINGES 2 30.00 4. ADHESIVE 1 TOTAL 45.00 7090.00

24. COST ANALYSIS FOR AN ACTUAL DMFC: COMPONENT AMT/SIZE PRICE IN Rs . 1.METAL MESHES 3.5*3.5*2 12.00 2.FUMATECH MEMBRANE 4*4 cm^2 40.00 3.CATHODE CATALYST .5 mg*9 250 4.ANODE CATALYST .5 mg* 9 250 5.IONOMER 1.35 ml 67.60 TOTAL 727.60 INR

25. APPLICATIONS 1.Stationary application: Replacement of combustion based electric generation systems Residential water heating 2.Transportation: Easy storage and refill for tank Less space consumption 3. Portable application: Forklifts , back up supply for tele comm. Systems More suitable than hydrogen cells Portable chargers for mobile, laptop chargers.

26. THANK YOU