Fire Prevention and Protection

Hazards and Safety Management

1. FIRE PREVENTION AND PROTECTION Submitted to Dr. G. Sivakamasundari, M. Pharm., Ph. D., Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University. Presented by, Manikandan V, 2061050002, M. Pharm (Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance), Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University.

2. FIRE PREVENTION PLAN While the hope is that a fire never happens, OSHA requires employers to have a fire prevention plan in place. The purpose of a fire prevention plan is to prevent a fire from occurring in a workplace. The plan helps ensure the safety of workers and property. An employer must inform employees upon initial assignment to a job of the fire hazards to which they are exposed. An employer must also review with each employee those parts of the fire prevention plan necessary for self-protection. If an employer has 10 or fewer employees, they may communicate the plan orally to employees.

3. FIRE PREVENTION PLAN A plan describes all the major fire hazards at the workplace that could initiate or contribute to the spread of a fire. A Plan includes, Proper handling, storage, and control procedures Building systems and equipment in place to control ignitions or fires Who is responsible controlling hazards and maintaining control systems Training required for all employees who have responsibilities in the plan

4. FIRE HAZARDS It is important for you to follow day-by-day practices to avoid and control fire hazards. This includes, Clean up spills of flammable or combustible liquids promptly. Dispose of combustible scrap, debris and waste materials safely in covered metal receptacles. Remove the waste from the worksite promptly. Practice safe storage requirements for flammable and combustible liquids and hazardous materials. Do not smoke near flammable or combustible liquids. If you smoke, before you throw away butts and ashes, make sure they are out.

5. FIRE HAZARDS Do not create situations that could create problems should a fire occur follows, Do not obstruct fire doors and shutters. Do not block or obstruct the path to a fire extinguisher. Never prop open emergency doors. Fire doors keep fire from spreading. Keep a proper clearance available below fire sprinkler heads at all times. Be wise about the use of electrical cords. Be certain you are not creating a tripping hazard by making sure they are not running across doorways or walkways.

6. FIRE PROTECTION No employee will be permitted to use an extinguisher without having been fully trained. Fire extinguishers will be stored at a distance no greater than 10 feet from torch users. A fire extinguisher, rated not less than 10B, will be provided within 50 feet of the location where more than 5 gallons of flammable or combustible liquids or 5 pounds of a flammable gas are used on a job site. A fire watch will be posted for two hours after work has concluded for torch-applied roof systems.

7. HANDLING FLAMMABLE GASES LPG cylinders will be placed on a firm foundation and secured in an upright position. All LPG cylinders will be equipped with valve-protection devices. LPG cylinders will not be stored closer than 10 feet to the kettle. LPG cylinders will be placed away from vehicular traffic. LPG cylinders will not be stored inside buildings. Acetylene bottles will be stored in the upright position and secured.

8. ELECTRICITY PASSIVATION If too many devices are plugged into a circuit, the current will heat the wires to a very high temperature, which may cause a fire. If the wire insulation melts, arcing may occur and cause a fire in the area where the overload exists, even inside a wall.

9. PREVENTION Ways of protecting workers and preventing electrical hazards are, Insulation Grounding Electrical protective devices (GFCI) Safe work practices

10. INSULATION Check insulation prior to using cables, tools, or equipment. Remove from service any tools or equipment with damaged insulation.

11. GROUNDING Grounding creates a low-resistance path from a tool to the earth to disperse unwanted current. When a short or lightning occurs, energy flows to the ground, protecting you from electrical shock, injury and death.

12. ELECTRICAL PROTECTIVE DEVICES Limit or stop flow of current automatically in the event of ground fault, over load or short circuit Fuses Circuit breakers Ground fault interrupters Arc fault interrupters

13. SAFE WORK PRACTICES Enclosing electrical equipment Conspicuous signs Danger caution De energizing electrical equipment before inspection & repair Use appropriate protective equipment Keeping electrical tools properly maintained

14. REFERENCES M. Kobes , I. Helsloot , B. deVries , J. G. Post (2010). Building safety and human behaviour in fire: a literature review. Fire Safety Journal. Fitzgerald, R.W. (2004). Building Fire Performance Analysis. Chow W.K. (2001). Review on fire safety management and application to Hong Kong. International Journal on Engineering. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307832240 Appraisal of Fire Safety Management Systems at Educational Buildings.

15. THANK YOU