First Voyage around the World of Magellan-Elcano.pptx

History

1. A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE FIRST VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD BY MAGELLAN AND BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA

2. Antonio Pigafetta Venetian scholar born around 1491 in Vicenza and died in 1531 in the aforementioned locale. Studied astonomy , geography, and cartography. Best recognized for travelling with the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan and his crew on their voyage around the world. He was one of the 18 survivors who completed the trip, returning to Spain in 1522 under the command of Juan Sebastian Elcano. He kept a journal accounting everything that seemed to pique his interest.

3. Report on the First Voyage Around the World This document is about Magellan’s travels, whose primary goal was to chart a westward route to the Spice Islands. Pigafetta first wrote his observations about the Far East and their experiences there while in the Ladrones Islands. “ These people have no arms, but use sticks, which have a fishbone at the end. They are poor, but ingenious, and great thieves, and for the sake of that we called these three islands the Ladrones Islands.” It is worthy to note that Magellan was accompanied by a native named Enrique.

4. Report on the First Voyage Around the World “At dawn on Saturday, March 16, 1521, (March 17, 1521) we came upon a high land at a distance of three hundred leguas from the islands of Latroni — an island named Zamal . The following day, the captain-general desired to land on another island which was uninhabited and lay to the right of the abovementioned island, in order to be more secure, and to get water and have some rest. He had two tents set up on the shore for the sick and had a sow killed for them.” Pigafetta referred to the island as Aquada da li buoni Segnialli (The Watering-place of Good Signs).

5. Report on the First Voyage Around the World “On Monday afternoon, March 18 (March 19), we saw a boat coming toward us with nine men in it. Therefore, the captain-general ordered that no one should move or say a word without his permission. When those men reached the shore, their chief went immediately to the captain-general, giving signs of joy because of our arrival.” The natives gave them: › Fish › Palm wine ( uraca ) › figs › 2 cochos › Rice ( umai )

6. Report on the First Voyage Around the World “This palm produces a fruit named cocho , which is as large as the head, or thereabouts: its first husk is green, and two fingers in thickness, in it they find certain threads, with which they make the cords for fastening their boats. Under this husk there is another very hard, and thicker than that of a walnut. They burn this second rind, and make with it a powder which is useful to them. Under this rind there is a white marrow of a finger's thickness, which they eat fresh with meat and fish, as we do bread, and it has the taste of an almond, and if anyone dried it he might make bread of it. From the middle of this marrow there comes out a clear sweet water.”

7. Report on the First Voyage Around the World On the March 26, Magellan spotted a boat full of people in a place called Mazaua . The leader, Rajah Siagu sent his men to Magellan’s ship bearing gifts of gold and a chest of ginger. Magellan declined this offer. Magellan exchanged gifts of robes in Turkish fashions, red cap, knives and mirrors. Magellan also boasted of his men in armor who could not be struck with swords and daggers. Magellan was introduced to the king’s brother who was the ruler of another island. Rajah Colambu / Kulambo was the king of Zuluan and Calagan .

8. Report on the First Voyage Around the World One the April 1, Magellan requested for a chaplain to celebrate the Holy Eucharist on the shores of Mazaua . “…when the offertory of the mass came, the two kings, went to kiss the cross like us, but they offered nothing, and at the elevation of the body of our Lord they were kneeling like us, and adored our Lord with joined hands.” After the Mass, Magellan ordered that the cross be brought with nails and crowned in place.

9. Report on the First Voyage Around the World On April 8, Magellan and his men reached the port of Zzubu , the largest and the richest of the islands with the helped of Rajah Colambu . The king of Zzubu , Rajah Humabon , demanded that they pay tribute as it was customary, but Magellan refused. Magellan’s interpreter explained to the ruler of Zzubu that Magellan’s king was the emperor of a formidable empire. The king consulted his council and the next day, together with the other principal men of Zzubu , they met in an open space and the king offered a bit of his blood demanded that Magellan do the same. “Then the king said that he was content, and as a greater sign of affection he sent him a little of his blood from his right arm, and wish he should do the like. Our people answered that he would do it. Besides that, he said that all the captains who came to his country had been accustomed to make a present to him, and he to them, and therefore they should ask their captain if he would observe the custom. Our people answered that he would: but as the king wished to keep up the custom, let him begin and make a present, and then the captain would do his duty.”

10. Report on the First Voyage Around the World On April 15, a mass was held with Rajah Humabon and his subjects. “To that the king and all his people answered that they would obey the commands of the captain and do all that he told them. The captain took the king by the hand, and they walked about on the scaffolding, and when he was baptized, he said that he would name him Don Carlos, as the emperor his sovereign was amed : and he named the Prince Don Fernando, after the brother of the emperor, and the king of Mazaua Johanni : to the Moor he gave the name of Christoforo , and to the others each a name of his fancy.” Hara Humamay , who was baptized into Queen Juana, was presented by Pigafetta with an image of the infant Jesus .

11. Report on the First Voyage Around the World On the 27 th of April, Datu Zula, one of the two chieftains of Matan, approached Magellan. According to Zula, the other chieftain, Cilapulapu , opposed conversion into Christianity and refused to acknowledge Rajah Humabon . Magellan committed three ships, and sailed for Mactan at morning’s light to confront the aberrant chieftain. Magellan and his men landed on Matan at around 5 AM. Sixty men comprised the assault party against 1,500 natives.

12. Report on the First Voyage Around the World “When we reached land we found the islanders fifteen hundred in number, drawn up in three squadrons; they came down upon us with terrible shouts, two squadrons attacking us on the flanks, and the third in front. The captain then divided his men in two bands. Our musketeers and crossbow-men fired for half an hour from a distance, but did nothing, since the bullets and arrows, though they passed through their shields made of thin wood, and perhaps wounded their arms, yet did not stop them. The captain shouted not to fire, but he was not listened to. The islanders seeing that the shots of our guns did them little or no harm would not retire, but shouted more loudly, and springing from one side to the other to avoid our shots, they at the same time drew nearer to us, throwing arrows, javelins, spears hardened in fire, stones, and ​even mud, so that we could hardly defend ourselves. Some of them cast lances pointed with iron at the captain-general.” “Whilst the Indians were thus overpowering him, several times he turned round towards us to see if we were all in safety, as though his obstinate fight had no other object than to give an opportunity for the retreat of his men.”

13. Report on the First Voyage Around the World The king of Zzubu could have sent help but Magellan instructed him not to join the battle. Datu Cilapulapu's warriors recovered the body of Magellan. Humabon demanded the bodies of Magellan and of some of Magellan's dead crew, but they refused. Magellan was succeeded by Juan Sebastian Elcano as commander of the expedition. They immediately left after Humabon’s betrayal and continued sailing west, eventually reaching Spain in 1522. From the original five ships set to sail only one returned to Spain. Out of the 237 men who embarked, only 18 returned.