fishes, Classification of fishes, types of fishes, Study of fishes

Classification of pisces/fishes upto order with diagrams and examples

1. Tkr Presents CLASSIFICATION OF FISHES

2. OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION

3. General Characters Of Pisces Exclusively Aquatic. Poikilotherms (coldblooded animals). Body divided into head, trunk and tail. Paired appendages present as fins. Fin rays are present in fins. Skin with dermal scales and mucous glands. Lateral line system well developed. Endoskeleton cartilaginous or bony. Heart two-chambered. Respiration through gills. Lungs are present in dipnoi .

4. RBC nucleated. Digestive System Complete. Kidney mesonephric . External ear absent. Sexual dimorphism seen. Fertilisation generally external. Oviparous.

5. Class Placodermi Extinct . Primitive fishes. External bony armour present. Powerful jaws. Fast and efficient swimmers. Order Arthordiformes : Dinichthyes . Order Antiarchiformes : Bothriolepis .

6. Placodermi fishes DINICHTHYES

7. Class chondrichthyes Also known as elasmobranchi . Endoskeleton Cartilaginous. Mouth ventral. Placoid scales present. Teeth modified placoid scale. Gill slits uncovered. Brain withlarge olfactory lobes.

8. SubClass Selachii Multiple gills on either side protected by individual skin flaps. Spiracles behind each eye. Order Pleurotremata : Scoliodon , Stegostoma , Zygaena Order Hypotremata : Torpedo, Myiobatius .

9. PLEUROTREMATA FISHES SCOLIODON STEGOSTOMA ZYGANEA

10. HYPOTREMATA FISHES MYLIOBATIUS TORPEDO

11. SubClass Branchyodonti Include both extinct and modern fishes. No spiracles present. Order Eubrachydonti : extinct. Order holocephali : Chimaera .

12. Holocephali fish CHIMAERA

13. Class Osteichthyes Bony endoskeleton, therefore also known as bony fishes. Mouth terminal. Gills covered with operculum. Ctenoid or cycloid scales present. Airbladder often present. Brain with small olfactory lobes.

14. SubClass Actinopterygii Paired fins broad without fleshy lobes, supported by fin rays. Therefore, commonly known as ray finned fishes. One dorsal fin. Caudal fin without epichordal lobe. Olfactory sacs not connected to mouth( few exceptions maybe seen).

15. SuperOrder Chondrostei Primitive ray-finned fish. Mouth large. Ganoid Scale. Tail fin heterocercal . Order Polypteriformes : Polypterus ( Bichir ). OrderAcipenseriformes : Acipensor (Sturgeon).

16. CHONDROSTEI FISH ACIPENSOR

17. SuperOrder Holostei Transition between chondrostei and telostei . Mouth opening small. Ganoid or cycloid scale. Tail fin heterocercal . Order Amiiformes : Amia ( Bowfish ). Order Semiontiformes : Lepidopsteus .

18. HOLOSTEI FISH LEPIDOSTEUS

19. SuperOrder Teleostei Modeern ray-finned fishes. Mouth terminaland small. Cycloid or ctenoid scale. Tail fin homocercal . Order Clupeiformes : Clupea (herring) Order Scopeliformes : Harpodon ( Mumbaiduck ) Order Cypriniformes : Cyprinus (carp) Order Anguiliformes : Anguilla(freshwater eel)

20. Order Beloniformes : Belone (garfish) Order Syngnathiformes : Hippocampus(Sea horse) Order Ophiocephaliformes : Channa (Snake head) Order Symbranchiformes : Symbranchus (Eels) Order Mastacembeliformes : Mastocembelus Order Perciformes : Anabus (Climbing perch) Order Scorpaeiformes : Pterois (Scorpion fish) Order Pleuronectiformes : Pleuronectus ( Flatfish) Order Echeneiformes : Echeneis (Sucker fish) Order Tetradontiformes : Tetradon (Globe fish) Order Lophiiformes : Antennarius (Angler fish)

21. TELEOSTEI FISH HIPPOCAMPUS (MALE) ANABUS

22. Teleostei fish PLEURONECTUS ECHENEIS

23. TELEOSTEI FISH LABEO TETRADON DIODON

24. SubClass Sarcopterygii Paired fins lobe like. Thus, commonly known as Lobed finned fishes. 2 dorsal fins. Caudal fin present with epichordal lobe. Olfactory Sacs connected to mouth. Order Crosspterygii : Latimeria . Order Dipnoi : Protopterus , Lepidosiren .

25. SARCOPTERYGI FISH PROTOPTERUS

26. Thank You