Flood management

Hydrology and Water Resource Engineering

1. Government Engineering College, Bhavnagar. Civil Engineering Department

2. FLOOD MANAGEMENT TOPIC:- Hydrology and Water Resource Engineering

3. Introduction Flooding generally caused by high rainfall and inability of land to drain water effectively - aggravated further when ground saturated Flooding frequently leads to serious water pollution and epidemiological problems Flood control or Flood management is define as the prevention or reduction of flood damage

4. Whole towns often affected by flooding

5. Causes of flooding Intense rainfall Topography of the catchment Sedimentation of rivers and reservoirs Obstruction in the river flow Failure of dam Failure of river embankment Contraction of water way Inadequate cross drainage works

6. Recent floods “ India’s previous Prime Minister Manmohan Singh says floods in the northern state of Bihar are a " national calamity ". He has visited areas where 55 people have died and some two million are displaced after the Kosi River breached its banks, changing course*.” BBC News: 28 Aug 2008 (*by 120 km) “In north India , where water is receding after two weeks of floods, health workers are starting a clear up. About 28m people have been affected by the floods in India , Bangladesh and Nepal.” BBC News: 9 Aug 2007 “The army, navy and air force have been deployed in flood affected areas. Floods have also forced the evacuation of 200 villages in the central states of Chattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. ” BBC News: 9 Aug 2006

7. FLOOD MANAGEMENT INDIA FLOOD PRONE AREA - 40 M.Ha. OTHER STATES 43.9% UTTAR PRADESH 21.90% BIHAR 12.71% ASSAM 9.40% WEST BENGAL 7.91% ORISSA 4.18%

8. Methods Flood control To modify flood To modify susceptibility of flood damage To reduce the loss

9. Sandbags used to defend against flooding

10. Typical use of temporary defences

11. Significant changes in resistance either side of river

12. FLOOD MANAGEMENT Dams & reservoirs Embankment Channel improvement River diversion Flood walls Sluice STRUCTURAL MEASURES

13. FLOOD MANAGEMENT FLOOD FORECASTING & WARNING FLOOD PLAIN ZONING FLOOD FIGHTING FLOOD PROOFING FLOOD INSURANCE Emergency evacuation area NON STRUCTURAL MEASURES

14. PRESENTED BY: Bhavik Shah – 130210106049 Digvijay Solanki – 130210106055 Kartik Hingol – 130210106030 Nitin Charel – 130210106011 Thank You For Bearing