Flood risk assessment using remote sensing and gis.pptx

this is a seminar report about the flood risk analysing flood risk with the help of GIS.

1. DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MID-SEM PRESENTATION ON SEMINAR (CE-613) SESSION : JANUARY – APRIL 2024 Submitted By : Name – Roll Number – Branch – Civil Engineering Faculty Supervisor : Dr. Asst. Prof., Dept. of CE FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT USING GIS .

2. Table of contents . 01) 04) 02) 05) 03) 06) Introduction Justification Literature review Applications Merits Limitations 07) Conclusion References 08)

3. INTRODUCTION. A flood is an overflow of water from its Flowing channel that submerges land that is usually dry. Flood can be natural or man-made. Types of floods: i ) Flash flood. ii) River floods. iii) Urban floods. iv) Coastal floods. Damages life and property in large. Destroys agriculture. Cause diseases. Recharges ground water table. Fig. Area submerged due to flood

4. Why I chose this topic ?

5. Justification:- Over last decade, there were about 3,252 major recorded flood events worldwide. It contributes to 44% of the total natural disasters. Caused over economic losses of up to 651 billion U.S. dollars worldwide. Total population of 1.65 billion people suffered due to floods worldwide. Over 1,500 Indians lost their lives to floods every year in last decade. Compared with the data of last two decades, the frequency of global floods are increased by 23%. Hence, it’s the time to awake and find a way to tackle floods more efficiently and effectively.

6. Flood risk evaluation model. Entropy weight method. I t refers to a measure of the dispersion or uncertainty of a set of data values.  Entropy weight method determines indicator weights based on dispersion degree. Smaller entropy values indicate higher indicator weights. Enhances objectivity in assigning weights to evaluation factors. Reduces subjectivity in the assessment process. Used in combination with AHP for decision-making. Improves rigor and objectivity of flood risk assessment .

7. Analytic Hierarchy P rocess(AHP). AHP breaks down complex decisions into a hierarchical structure of criteria and alternatives. It involves pairwise comparisons to establish the relative importance of criteria and alternatives. AHP allows for both qualitative and quantitative factors to be considered in decision-making. The method helps in structuring decision problems, prioritizing criteria, and selecting the best alternative. AHP provides a systematic approach to decision-making by deriving priority scales for decision elements. It is widely used in various fields, including risk assessment, resource allocation, and project selection. AHP enhances the transparency and consistency of decision processes by quantifying subjective judgments. The methodology involves creating matrices, performing pairwise comparisons, and calculating consistency ratios. AHP aids in complex decision scenarios where multiple criteria and alternatives need to be evaluated. By providing a structured framework, AHP supports decision-makers in reaching informed and rational choices.

8. LITERATURE REVIEW.

9. SR. NO JOURNAL AUTHOR/ YEAR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION/ FINDINGS 1. “ Flood Risk Mapping Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Analysis Don River Watershed within the Great Toronto Area (GTA)”. Daniela Rincón , Usman T. Khan , Costas Armenakis . (2021) Data collection. Criteria identification. Criteria weighting . GIS analysis. Flood hazard mapping. Vulnerability Assessment. Result interpretation. **Effective Methodology**: GIS-based multi-criteria approach with AHP weighting was effective for flood risk mapping. **Critical Criteria**: Key criteria like distance to streams and land-use data were crucial for accurate risk assessment. **Vulnerability Assessment**: Social and economic vulnerabilities were assessed using census and land-use data. **Scenario Analysis**: Different scenarios showed varying impacts of criteria weights on flood risk mapping. **Decision Support**: Generated flood risk maps can aid in mitigation measures and disaster response planning.

10. SR. NO JOURNAL AUTHOR /YEAR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION/ FINDINGS 2. "Flood hazard assessment and mapping using GIS integrated with multi-criteria decision analysis in upper Awash River basin, Ethiopia”. Yonas Gebresilasie Hagos, Tesfa Gebrie Andualem , Mesenbet Yibeltal , Mequanent Abathun Mengie .   (2022) Data collection. Collected data analysis by using analytic hierarchy method. Data mapping and flood risk zone detection. Development flood susceptibility maps. Factor weight by using saaty’s 1-9 scale. Land suitability maps generation. Flood danger zone identification. Flood simulation and risk assessments are crucial strategic planning tools for effectively reducing flood risk and minimizing damage. Floods cannot be entirely avoided, strategic planning can help in mitigating their impact. Historical flood data and flood vulnerability models can aid in predicting and identifying high-risk flood zones. Remote sensing and GIS techniques are valuable tools for detecting flood risk zones and developing flood susceptibility maps. The reliability of the flood vulnerability model was demonstrated through the alignment of historical flood points with predicted high and very high flood susceptibility zones.

11. SR. NO JOURNAL AUTHOR /YEAR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION/ FINDINGS 3. “Flood Risk Assessment Using GIS-Based Analytical Hierarchy Process in the Municipality of Odiongan , Romblon, Philippines”. Jerome G. Gacu , Cris Edward F. Monjardin , Delia B. Senoro , Fibor J. Tan. (2022) Analytical hierarchy process(AHP) for flood risk assessment. Utilizing collected data. Creating spatial visualisation through GIS. Gathered weights for criteria . Graded comparisons on 9-point scale importance. Flood risk assessments using GIS-based and multi-criteria decisions are crucial for improving flood mitigation and risk management strategies. The study results are valuable for enhancing the municipality's preparedness for future flooding events. Parameters such as average annual rainfall, elevation, slope, soil type, and flood depth were considered for hazard criteria. Factors like gender ratio, mean age, average income, and educational attainment were analyzed for vulnerability assessment.

12. SR. NO JOURNAL AUTHOR /YEAR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION/ FINDINGS 4. “GIS‑based risk assessment of food disaster in the Lijiang River Basin ”. Li Ziwei , Tang Xiangling , Li Liju , ChuYanqi, Wang Xingming , Yang Dishan . (2023) Data collection. Establishment of assessment model. Weight. Determination Risk assessment. GIS analysis. Validation and interpretation Effective risk assessment. Identification of key indicators like river network density, Population Density, slope etc. Risk mapping visualization. utilizing ArcGIS for spatial data and visualization. Validation and application. Future implication. Recommendations. planning strategies, disaster preparedness, risk factors etc.

13. SR. NO JOURNAL AUTHOR /YEAR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION/ FINDINGS 5. “How can GIS help disaster managers assess the impact of floods”. Nicolas Holm, Eduardo Rienzi, Kent Swampy glade. (2024) Hazard Mapping. Damage assessment. Vulnerability analysis. Recovery planning . Quick detection and response to water flow. Strategic placement of infrastructure to absorb runoff. Automated adjustments in stormwater system. Increases community involvement through accessible data on water management efforts.

14. SR. NO JOURNAL AUTHOR /YEAR METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION/ FINDINGS 6. “ The Journal of hydraulic engineering ”. GUO XINLEI. Flood data gathering. Analysis of impact of urbanization, climate change and other factors Case studies of specific flood events. Development of river ice hydraulics theories. Strengthening Risk Management : Enhance emergency capabilities and build resilient infrastructure. Long-Term Planning : Implement flood control planning. Multi-Level Collaboration : Involve stakeholders at local, regional, national, and international levels. Preparedness : Strengthen response mechanisms. Reservoirs in Flood Management : Significant for flood control. Evaluate Existing Reservoirs : Consider changing climate patterns and flood risks.

15. Applications. Flood Hazard Mapping. Emergency Preparedness and Response. Urban Planning and Infrastructure Design. Flood Risk Mitigation. Environmental Impact Assessment. Climate change Adaptation. .

16. Risk zonation & priortization. Decision Making. Dynamic modeling. S patial analysis & visualistion. Merits. 01 05 04 02 06 03 Early Warning System. Impact assessment.

17. In conclusion, the study on the GIS-based risk assessment of flood disaster is important for establishing a scientific reference for the prevention of rainstorm and flood disasters in the vulnerable region. The research focused on developing a flood risk evaluation model using weight analysis methods to assess the risk factors, sensitivity of the environment, and vulnerability of the affected population. The findings emphasized the uneven distribution of precipitation in the regions, leading to frequent storm floods as more prone to such disasters. Overall, the study provides valuable insights for improving flood risk assessment and disaster prevention strategies in the vulnerable regions. Conclusion.

18. Reference . Ajay lavakare .(2010). gis and risk assessment by By Geospatial World Demir, V., & Kisi, O. (2016). Flood Hazard Mapping by Using Geographic Information System and Hydraulic Model: Mert River, Samsun, Turkey. Advances in Meteorology, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4891015 Rincón, D., Khan, U. T., & Armenakis , C. (2018). Flood risk mapping using GIS and multi-criteria analysis: A greater toronto area case study. Geosciences (Switzerland), 8(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8080275 A COMPILATION OF 2020-2021 GLOBAL FLOOD EVENTS AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN FLOOD MANAGEMENT 2 A Compilation of 2020-2021 Global Flood Events and International Experience in Flood Management. (n.d.). 20220517001204_435.pdf ( icfm.world )

19. Gacu , J. G., Monjardin , C. E. F., Senoro , D. B., & Tan, F. J. (2022). Flood Risk Assessment Using GIS-Based Analytical Hierarchy Process in the Municipality of Odiongan , Romblon, Philippines. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 12(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/app12199456 Hagos, Y. G., Andualem , T. G., Yibeltal , M., & Mengie , M. A. (2022). Flood hazard assessment and mapping using GIS integrated with multi-criteria decision analysis in upper Awash River basin, Ethiopia. Applied Water Science, 12(7). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-022-01674-8 Ziwei , L., Xiangling , T., Liju , L., Yanqi, C., Xingming , W., & Dishan , Y. (2023). GIS-based risk assessment of flood disaster in the Lijiang River Basin. Scientific Reports, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32829-5   Osman, S. A., & Das, J. (2023). GIS-based flood risk assessment using multi-criteria decision analysis of Shebelle River Basin in southern Somalia. SN Applied Sciences , 5 (5), 134.

20. Thank you!