Fluid mechanics notes on HYDRAULIC_SYSTEMS.pdf

Notes on Hydraulic system

1. HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
Ahydraulicsystemisatechnologythatutilizesthepropertiesofliquids,
typicallyoilorwater,totransmitpower

2. Basic Principle
•The basic principle of a hydraulic system is founded on Pascal's law,
which states that when pressure is applied to a confined fluid, the
pressure change is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid.

3. Components of a Hydraulic System
•Hydraulic pump
•Hydraulic fluid
•Hydraulic cylinders/actuators
•Control valves
•Hydraulic reservoir
•Hydraulic filters
•Hoses, pipes, and fittings

4. Hydraulic Pump
•Function: Generating hydraulic fluid flow
•Types: Gear pumps, vane pumps, piston pumps

5. Hydraulic Fluid
•Purpose: Transmitting power and lubrication
•Common fluids used: Mineral oil, synthetic oil

6. Hydraulic Cylinders/Actuators
•Function: Converting hydraulic pressure into mechanical force
•Types: Single-acting, double-acting cylinders

7. Control Valves
•Function: Regulating flow and direction of hydraulic fluid
•Types: Directional control valves, pressure control valves, flow control
valves

8. Hydraulic Reservoir
•Function: Storing hydraulic fluid and dissipating heat

9. Hydraulic Filters
•Function: Removing contaminants from hydraulic fluid
•Types: Inline filters, tank-mounted filters

10. Hoses, Pipes, and Fittings
•Function: Transmitting hydraulic fluid between components
•Materials: Rubber hoses, steel pipes, various fittings

11. Advantages of Hydraulic Systems
•High power density
•Precise control
•Ability to operate over long distances
•Adaptability to various applications

12. Applications of Hydraulic Systems
•Construction machinery
•Manufacturing equipment
•Aerospace systems
•Automotive industry
•Agricultural machinery