FM-200 Fire Suppression System – Question List.pdf

fm200 fire suppression system Faqs

1. FM 200 Fire Suppression System –
Question List

What is the FM200 fire suppression
system?
The FM200 fire suppression system is one of the most reliable and fast-acting clean agent fire
protection solutions used across the world. It is widely installed in places where traditional
water-based firefighting is not suitable, such as data centers, server rooms, control rooms,
medical facilities, museums, and areas containing sensitive electrical or electronic equipment.
Instead of causing damage like water sprinklers, FM200 extinguishes fire in seconds without
leaving any residue, making it an advanced choice for modern fire safety.
What is FM200 and how does it work?
FM200 is the trade name for HFC-227ea, a clean, colorless, and odorless fire suppression gas.
Unlike CO₂ systems that work by removing oxygen, FM200 extinguishes fire mainly through
heat absorption. It rapidly reduces the temperature of the fire zone, interrupting the chemical
reaction of the flames and putting out the fire almost instantly. Since it does not remove oxygen
from the environment, it is safe for use in occupied spaces where people might be present.
Key Features of FM200 Fire Suppression System
FM200 systems are specially designed to deliver fast and reliable protection. Some of their main
features include:
●​Clean Agent: Leaves no residue, which means no cleanup is required after discharge.​

●​Safe for Humans: Unlike CO₂, FM200 does not displace oxygen, so it is safe for
occupied areas.​

●​Fast Activation: Detects and suppresses fire in less than 10 seconds, minimizing
damage.​

●​Compact Storage: Requires less storage space compared to older systems like Halon.​

2. ●​Environmentally Friendly: Although FM200 has a global warming potential, it is still
permitted under current standards and remains one of the most accepted choices
worldwide.​

Applications of FM200 Systems
The FM200 fire suppression system is ideal for protecting high-value assets and mission-critical
areas where downtime can result in huge financial losses. Common applications include:
●​Data centers and server rooms​

●​IT facilities and telecommunication centers​

●​Control rooms and power stations​

●​Archives, museums, and libraries​

●​Medical laboratories and hospitals​

●​Industrial plants with sensitive machinery​

Safety and Maintenance
FM200 is considered safe for humans when installed according to NFPA 2001 and ISO 14520
standards. However, concentration levels must be carefully calculated by engineers to ensure
safety. Since the gas is discharged within seconds, proper alarms and safety protocols are
always required to alert occupants before activation. Regular system maintenance, cylinder
pressure checks, and detection system inspections are also essential to ensure the system is
ready to perform during an emergency.
FM200 vs. Other Fire Suppression Systems
Compared to water-based sprinklers, FM200 causes no collateral damage. Against CO₂
systems, FM200 is safer because it does not reduce oxygen levels in the room. When
compared to Novec 1230, FM200 is slightly less eco-friendly, but it is still widely used due to its
availability, reliability, and proven performance over decades.
Cost and Availability
The cost of an FM200 system depends on factors such as room size, number of cylinders
required, and detection system design. While initial investment may be higher than traditional
systems, the long-term protection of critical assets makes FM200 a cost-effective choice for

3. many businesses. In Pakistan, FM200 systems are supplied by certified fire safety companies,
ensuring compliance with international safety standards.

What is the full name of FM-200?
The full name of FM-200 is Heptafluoropropane, which is chemically known as HFC-227ea. It
is a clean agent gas widely used in fire suppression systems around the world. FM-200 is a
trade name given by Great Lakes Chemical Corporation, and today it has become one of the
most recognized fire protection solutions in industries, commercial buildings, and data centers.
Understanding the full name and chemical composition of FM-200 helps us realize why it is so
effective and safe for protecting valuable assets against fire without causing harm to people or
equipment.
Why is it Called HFC-227ea?
The chemical formula of FM-200 is CF₃CHFCF₃. It belongs to the family of hydrofluorocarbons
(HFCs). The term “HFC-227ea” is the technical designation given to this gas based on its
molecular structure. The “ea” at the end indicates its isomer type. While this technical name is
used in engineering and scientific documents, in the fire safety industry it is more commonly
known by its brand name FM-200.
History of FM-200 Fire Suppression
FM-200 was developed as a safe alternative to Halon gas, which was widely used in the past
but later banned due to its ozone-depleting properties. FM-200 does not deplete the ozone
layer, making it a more environmentally acceptable option under current regulations. Since the
1990s, it has been the industry standard for clean agent fire suppression in sensitive
environments.
How FM-200 Works in Fire Suppression
Although its full name may sound complex, the working principle of FM-200 is simple and highly
effective. When a fire is detected, FM-200 is discharged within seconds. It absorbs heat energy
from the fire and interrupts the chemical reaction of combustion, extinguishing flames quickly.
Unlike CO₂, FM-200 does not reduce oxygen levels, which makes it safe for use in occupied
spaces.
Common Applications of FM-200
The use of FM-200 is most common in places where traditional firefighting methods like water
sprinklers are not suitable. Some of its main applications include:

4. ●​Data centers and IT rooms​

●​Telecommunication facilities​

●​Power generation control rooms​

●​Museums, archives, and libraries​

●​Healthcare facilities and laboratories​

●​Industrial areas with sensitive equipment​

Advantages of Using FM-200
Knowing the full name and chemical properties of FM-200 helps in understanding its benefits.
Some of the most important advantages are:
●​Fast Action: Extinguishes fire in less than 10 seconds.​

●​Safe for People: Can be discharged in occupied rooms without risk to life.​

●​No Residue: Clean agent that requires no cleanup after discharge.​

●​Trusted Solution: Globally accepted as a replacement for Halon systems.​

●​Compact Storage: Requires less storage space compared to other systems.​

FM-200 in the Modern Fire Safety Industry
Even today, FM-200 remains one of the most trusted fire suppression agents. While newer
alternatives like Novec 1230 are available, FM-200 continues to be preferred in many regions
due to its proven track record, availability, and long history of protecting mission-critical areas.
For businesses in Pakistan, FM-200 is commonly installed in commercial buildings and IT
infrastructure to safeguard against fire emergencies.

Does FM-200 remove oxygen?
One of the most common questions about clean agent fire suppression systems is whether they
remove oxygen from the air. The short and clear answer is no, FM-200 does not remove
oxygen. Instead, FM-200 (HFC-227ea) extinguishes fires by absorbing heat energy and
disrupting the chemical reaction of combustion. This makes it completely different from

5. traditional systems like CO₂, which suppress fires by displacing oxygen and can be dangerous
for humans in enclosed areas.
Understanding how FM-200 works is important for anyone considering installing a fire
suppression system in offices, data centers, or industrial environments.
How FM-200 Works Without Removing Oxygen
When a fire starts, three elements are present: heat, fuel, and oxygen. Traditional fire
suppression systems often attack oxygen to stop combustion. However, FM-200 works
differently. It targets heat instead of oxygen.
As soon as FM-200 is released, it quickly absorbs the heat energy from the fire. By lowering the
flame temperature, it breaks the chain reaction of combustion. Within 10 seconds, the fire is
extinguished, even while oxygen levels in the room remain safe for people.
This unique property makes FM-200 a preferred solution for occupied spaces where people and
sensitive equipment need protection at the same time.
Safety for Humans
Because FM-200 does not remove oxygen, it is safe for humans when discharged at
recommended concentrations. People can remain inside the room during a fire incident without
facing the suffocation risks that are associated with CO₂ systems. This is one of the main
reasons FM-200 is used in areas like:
●​Data centers and server rooms​

●​Hospitals and medical laboratories​

●​Offices and commercial buildings​

●​Museums, libraries, and archives​

●​Control rooms and telecommunication facilities​

FM-200 vs. CO₂ Systems
To better understand this, let’s compare FM-200 with carbon dioxide (CO₂):
●​FM-200: Extinguishes fire by absorbing heat. Oxygen remains available for humans.​

6. ●​CO₂: Extinguishes fire by removing oxygen. Can be dangerous or even fatal for humans
in closed rooms.​

Because of this difference, FM-200 is much safer for occupied environments. CO₂ is more
suitable for unoccupied areas like industrial machinery rooms where human presence is
minimal.
Benefits of Oxygen-Safe Fire Suppression
Since FM-200 leaves oxygen untouched, it provides several advantages:
●​Safe for Occupants: No risk of suffocation during activation.​

●​No Residue: It is a clean agent, leaving equipment and surfaces unharmed.​

●​Fast Response: Extinguishes fire in less than 10 seconds, minimizing damage.​

●​Minimal Downtime: After discharge, operations can resume quickly as no cleanup is
needed.​

Why Businesses Choose FM-200
For modern businesses that rely heavily on IT infrastructure and sensitive electronics, FM-200 is
a reliable choice. Water-based systems can cause severe damage to servers and medical
equipment, while CO₂ systems pose health risks to staff. FM-200 provides a balance of speed,
safety, and cleanliness, making it one of the most widely accepted fire suppression solutions
across the world, including in Pakistan.

What is the chemical agent in FM-200?
What is the Chemical Agent in FM-200?

The chemical agent in FM-200 is Heptafluoropropane, also known by its chemical name
HFC-227ea. It is a clean, colorless, and odorless gas that is widely used in fire suppression
systems around the world. FM-200 was developed as a safe and effective alternative to Halon,
which was banned due to its ozone-depleting properties. Today, FM-200 remains one of the
most trusted clean agent fire suppression solutions in data centers, hospitals, commercial
buildings, and industrial sites.

Chemical Composition of FM-200

7. The molecular formula of FM-200 is CF₃CHFCF₃. It belongs to the hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)
family of chemicals. Its unique composition allows it to absorb heat energy rapidly, which makes
it extremely effective in extinguishing fires. Unlike CO₂, which removes oxygen from the room,
FM-200 works by reducing the flame temperature and stopping the combustion chain reaction.
This property ensures that oxygen remains in the atmosphere, keeping the environment safe for
people while quickly controlling the fire.

Physical Properties of HFC-227ea

Color: Clear and colorless

Odor: Odorless

State: Stored as a liquid, discharged as a gas

Residue: Leaves no residue after discharge

Environment: Does not deplete the ozone layer

These properties make FM-200 suitable for environments that cannot tolerate water damage or
chemical residues, such as IT facilities, museums, and healthcare institutions.

How the Chemical Agent Extinguishes Fire

When a fire breaks out, three elements are present: fuel, heat, and oxygen. FM-200, or
HFC-227ea, targets the heat component of the fire triangle. Upon discharge, the gas absorbs
heat rapidly and disrupts the combustion process, extinguishing the fire in seconds. Since it
does not reduce oxygen levels, it is safe for use in occupied areas where people may still be
present during a fire emergency.

Applications of FM-200 Chemical Agent

The effectiveness of HFC-227ea has made FM-200 a preferred choice for high-value and
sensitive environments. Some common applications include:

Data centers and server rooms

Telecommunication hubs

Power generation and control rooms

Libraries, museums, and archives

8. Medical labs and healthcare facilities

Aviation and defense industry

Advantages of Using HFC-227ea in Fire Suppression

The chemical properties of FM-200 give it several advantages:

Fast Action: Extinguishes fire in less than 10 seconds.

Safe for Occupants: Can be discharged in occupied spaces without reducing oxygen.

Clean and Residue-Free: No water or chemical cleanup required.

Compact Storage: Requires less cylinder space compared to other suppression agents.

Environmentally Safer: Does not harm the ozone layer.

FM-200 Compared to Other Agents

While newer agents like Novec 1230 are entering the market, FM-200 remains popular because
of its long history of reliable performance. Compared to Halon, FM-200 is much safer for the
environment. Compared to CO₂, it is far safer for people. This balance of effectiveness and
safety makes FM-200 a long-standing solution for critical fire protection needs.
What are the three basic steps in fire suppression?
Fire suppression is the process of controlling and extinguishing a fire before it can spread and
cause damage to people, property, and the environment. No matter which type of fire
suppression system is used—whether water sprinklers, CO₂, FM-200, or other clean
agents—the process always follows the same basic principle. There are three basic steps in
fire suppression: removing heat, removing fuel, and removing oxygen.
These three steps are based on the concept of the fire triangle, which shows that fire needs
three elements to exist: fuel, heat, and oxygen. If even one of these elements is removed, the
fire cannot continue to burn.

Step 1: Removing Heat
The first step in fire suppression is to reduce or remove the heat that is fueling the fire. Heat is
what keeps the combustion reaction alive. Without enough heat, the fire cannot sustain itself.
Different fire suppression systems remove heat in different ways:

9. ●​Water-based systems: Sprinklers cool down the flames and surrounding materials,
lowering the temperature.​

●​FM-200: Absorbs heat energy directly from the fire and quickly reduces the flame
temperature.​

●​Foam systems: Cover the fire and block heat transfer.​

By cutting down the heat, these systems stop the fire’s chain reaction and help bring the flames
under control.

Step 2: Removing Fuel
The second step in fire suppression is to remove or separate the fuel source that is feeding the
fire. Fuel can be anything that burns, such as wood, paper, flammable liquids, or electrical
components. If the fuel supply is cut off, the fire has nothing left to burn and quickly dies out.
Some common ways to remove or isolate fuel include:
●​Shutting off gas valves during a kitchen or industrial fire.​

●​Clearing flammable materials away from the fire zone.​

●​Using foam systems to create a barrier between the fire and unburned fuel.​

This step is especially important in industries where flammable liquids or gases are present. By
stopping the fuel supply, the fire is unable to spread further.

Step 3: Removing Oxygen
The third basic step in fire suppression is removing oxygen. Fire needs a continuous supply of
oxygen to burn. If oxygen levels drop below a certain percentage, the flames cannot survive.
Some fire suppression methods designed for this step include:
●​CO₂ systems: Displace oxygen in the protected area, suffocating the fire.​

●​Foam suppression: Forms a blanket over the fire, cutting off oxygen contact.​

10. ●​Inert gas systems (like nitrogen or argon): Lower oxygen concentration to safe but
fire-extinguishing levels.​

While oxygen removal is effective, it can sometimes pose risks in occupied spaces, which is
why systems like FM-200 prefer to target heat instead of oxygen.

Fire Suppression in Practice
In real-world fire safety, all three steps may be combined for maximum effectiveness. For
example, sprinklers both cool flames (remove heat) and can also wash away fuel sources.
Foam systems suppress heat while also blocking oxygen and fuel. FM-200 focuses primarily on
heat removal but does so in a way that is safe for people and electronics.
Understanding these three steps is essential for choosing the right fire suppression system.
Businesses, hospitals, data centers, and factories all require different approaches based on the
type of fire risks present in their environment.

How does FM-200 remove heat?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea, is one of the most widely used clean agent fire suppression
systems in the world. One of the most important questions people ask is: How does FM-200
actually put out a fire? The answer lies in its unique ability to remove heat from the fire zone,
breaking the combustion process within seconds.
Unlike traditional systems like CO₂, which reduce oxygen levels to extinguish flames, FM-200
focuses on absorbing heat energy. This makes it both effective and safe for use in spaces
where people and sensitive equipment are present.

The Fire Triangle: Heat, Fuel, and Oxygen
To understand how FM-200 removes heat, we need to look at the fire triangle. For a fire to
survive, three elements are required:
●​Heat to maintain combustion​

●​Fuel to burn​

11. ●​Oxygen to support flames​

If any one of these three is removed, the fire goes out. FM-200 specifically targets heat, making
it unique compared to other suppression methods.

How FM-200 Absorbs Heat
When FM-200 is discharged into a protected room, it is released as a gas from its pressurized
cylinders. This gas rapidly spreads throughout the space and comes into contact with the
flames. The chemical structure of FM-200 allows it to absorb thermal energy at an extremely
fast rate.
As soon as it absorbs heat, the flame temperature drops. Once the temperature is no longer
high enough to support combustion, the fire reaction breaks and the flames are extinguished. All
of this happens in less than 10 seconds, which is why FM-200 is known for being one of the
fastest clean agents available today.

Why Heat Removal is Safer than Oxygen Removal
Many fire suppression systems, such as CO₂ or inert gas systems, work by displacing oxygen.
While this is effective for extinguishing fire, it can be dangerous for people inside the room
because low oxygen levels cause suffocation.
FM-200 solves this problem by targeting heat instead of oxygen. Since it does not reduce
oxygen concentration in the room, it is considered safe for use in occupied spaces such as:
●​Data centers and IT facilities​

●​Hospitals and laboratories​

●​Offices and commercial buildings​

●​Control rooms and telecommunication centers​

This balance of safety and effectiveness is what makes FM-200 a preferred choice in modern
fire safety.

Additional Benefits of Heat-Based Suppression

12. Because FM-200 works by removing heat, it also provides several indirect benefits:
●​No Damage to Equipment: Unlike water sprinklers that cool flames but damage
electronics, FM-200 is clean and safe for sensitive devices.​

●​No Residue: FM-200 leaves no residue after discharge, so no cleanup is required.​

●​Quick Recovery: Businesses can continue operations almost immediately after the
system is activated.​

●​Reliable Performance: It extinguishes Class A (solids), Class B (liquids), and Class C
(electrical) fires effectively.​


Real-World Applications of FM-200
FM-200’s ability to remove heat makes it highly suitable for critical environments where
downtime or damage could be extremely costly. Common examples include:
●​Server rooms where equipment must stay operational​

●​Medical facilities with sensitive machinery​

●​Archives and museums where water or foam cannot be used​

●​Power stations and control rooms where safety and speed are essential​


✅ Final Answer: FM-200 removes heat by absorbing thermal energy from the fire, lowering
the flame temperature, and breaking the chemical chain reaction of combustion. This process
extinguishes flames in under 10 seconds, without reducing oxygen levels, making it safe for
humans and equipment alike.

What is the life of FM-200 gas?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea or Heptafluoropropane, is one of the most widely used
clean agent fire suppression systems in the world. While it is known for its speed and safety in
extinguishing fires, many people also ask: What is the life of FM-200 gas?

13. The life of FM-200 gas can be looked at in two ways: its atmospheric lifetime (how long it
stays in the atmosphere) and its cylinder storage life (how long it can be stored in fire
suppression systems without losing effectiveness). Both are important for businesses and
industries that rely on FM-200 for fire protection.

Atmospheric Lifetime of FM-200
In terms of environmental presence, FM-200 has an atmospheric lifetime of about 31 to 36
years. This means that once it is released into the environment, it can remain in the atmosphere
for several decades before breaking down.
This long lifetime is one of the reasons environmental agencies monitor the use of FM-200
carefully. While it does not harm the ozone layer like Halon did, FM-200 does have a global
warming potential (GWP), which makes it less eco-friendly compared to newer alternatives
such as Novec 1230.
Despite this, FM-200 continues to be widely accepted because of its proven reliability and safety
record in protecting lives and property.

Storage Life of FM-200 Cylinders
For practical fire safety use, the storage life of FM-200 gas in cylinders is around 20 years,
provided the system is properly maintained. The gas is stored in high-pressure cylinders as a
liquid and remains stable over time. Regular inspections ensure that the pressure is maintained
and that the system will discharge effectively when needed.
During annual maintenance checks, fire safety professionals test the pressure level and cylinder
condition. If maintained correctly, FM-200 cylinders can last decades without needing
replacement.

Why the Life of FM-200 Matters
Understanding the life of FM-200 gas is important for both environmental and safety reasons:
●​System Reliability: Knowing the cylinder life ensures that businesses can plan regular
inspections and replacements to guarantee fire protection.​

14. ●​Environmental Compliance: Since FM-200 has a long atmospheric lifetime, industries
must follow regulations to prevent unnecessary releases.​

●​Cost-Effectiveness: Proper maintenance extends the lifespan of FM-200 systems,
making them more economical in the long run.​


FM-200 Compared to Other Agents
When compared to Halon, FM-200 is much safer for the environment because it does not
damage the ozone layer. However, when compared to Novec 1230, FM-200 has a longer
atmospheric lifetime and higher global warming potential. Novec breaks down in just 5 days in
the atmosphere, making it more eco-friendly.
Still, FM-200 remains a strong choice for many businesses because it is widely available,
proven in performance, and safe for people in occupied spaces.

Applications That Benefit from Long-Term Stability
The long storage life of FM-200 makes it ideal for industries that need dependable fire
suppression over many years without frequent system replacements. Common applications
include:
●​Data centers and IT rooms​

●​Control rooms and power plants​

●​Hospitals and medical facilities​

●​Museums, libraries, and archives​

●​Telecommunication centers​


✅ Final Answer: The life of FM-200 gas in the atmosphere is about 31 to 36 years, while its
storage life in cylinders is around 20 years with proper maintenance. This makes FM-200 a
long-lasting, stable, and reliable clean agent for fire suppression, though businesses must also
consider environmental impact and regulatory guidelines.

15. Where can the FM-200 be used?
The FM-200 fire suppression system, also known as HFC-227ea, is one of the most trusted
clean agent fire protection solutions in the world. Its ability to extinguish fire quickly, without
removing oxygen or leaving any residue, makes it suitable for environments where water or
traditional extinguishing methods would cause serious damage. Because of these qualities,
FM-200 is used in a wide variety of industries and facilities across Pakistan and worldwide.

Key Environments for FM-200 Use
1. Data Centers and Server Rooms
One of the most common applications of FM-200 is in data centers, IT facilities, and server
rooms. Computers and servers are extremely sensitive to both water and chemical residues. A
single sprinkler discharge can cause millions of rupees in equipment damage. FM-200 is ideal
here because it suppresses fire within seconds, without leaving any harmful deposits and
without shutting down oxygen supply for staff working inside.
2. Telecommunication Facilities
Telecom rooms house important networking equipment that must run 24/7. Any downtime
caused by fire or water damage can disrupt communication services. FM-200 systems ensure
that fires are put out instantly while keeping equipment safe and ready for continued operation.
3. Control Rooms and Power Plants
Industrial plants, energy stations, and control rooms rely on continuous monitoring and
uninterrupted operations. In such areas, FM-200 is used to protect critical systems, panels, and
monitoring equipment. Since it extinguishes fires in under 10 seconds, it prevents costly
downtime and ensures the safety of both staff and infrastructure.
4. Healthcare Facilities and Laboratories
Hospitals, diagnostic centers, and medical laboratories use expensive and highly sensitive
equipment such as MRI machines, CT scanners, and testing devices. These cannot be exposed
to water or foam. FM-200 provides a clean and reliable solution that protects both life and
property without affecting oxygen levels in rooms where patients or staff may be present.
5. Archives, Museums, and Libraries
In places where historical documents, books, or artworks are stored, even small amounts of
water or residue can cause permanent loss. FM-200 is widely used in museums, archives, and

16. libraries because it leaves no residue and ensures irreplaceable items are not damaged while
extinguishing a fire.
6. Aviation and Defense Applications
Airports, aircraft hangars, and defense facilities use FM-200 for mission-critical protection. In
aviation, safety and reliability are key, and FM-200 provides rapid suppression while being safe
for personnel working in protected spaces.

Why These Areas Need FM-200
The choice of FM-200 for these areas comes down to a few major reasons:
●​Fast Suppression: Fires are extinguished in less than 10 seconds.​

●​Safe for Occupants: Unlike CO₂ systems, it does not reduce oxygen levels.​

●​No Residue: Leaves equipment, documents, and artifacts undamaged.​

●​Reliable Performance: Works effectively for Class A (solids), Class B (liquids), and
Class C (electrical) fires.​

●​Minimal Downtime: Businesses can resume operations quickly after a discharge.​


FM-200 in Pakistan
In Pakistan, FM-200 is increasingly being used by banks, IT companies, hospitals, telecom
firms, and even luxury hotels. With the rising demand for safe fire protection in sensitive
environments, FM-200 systems are supplied and installed by specialized fire safety companies
who follow international standards like NFPA 2001.

✅ Final Answer: FM-200 can be used in data centers, telecom facilities, control rooms,
hospitals, laboratories, museums, archives, libraries, aviation, and defense industries. Its
speed, safety, and clean performance make it ideal for any place where traditional fire
suppression methods would cause serious damage or risk to people.

What is the pressure of the FM-200 cylinder?

17. The FM-200 fire suppression system, also known as HFC-227ea, is stored in specially designed
pressurized cylinders before being discharged in case of fire. One of the most important
technical details of this system is the cylinder pressure, as it determines how quickly and
effectively the clean agent can be released into the protected area. Understanding the pressure
of the FM-200 cylinder helps businesses, engineers, and safety officers maintain reliable fire
protection.
Standard Pressure of FM-200 Cylinders
FM-200 gas is stored as a liquefied compressed gas in high-strength steel cylinders. The
standard pressure of these cylinders is usually 25 bar (360 psi) or 42 bar (600 psi) at 21°C
(room temperature).
Both 25-bar and 42-bar systems are available in the market, and the choice depends on the
design of the fire suppression system and the size of the protected area.

Why Pressure Levels Matter
The pressure of the FM-200 cylinder is not just a technical detail — it plays a crucial role in
system performance:
●​Speed of Discharge: Higher pressure ensures that the agent is released quickly into the
room, which is essential because FM-200 is designed to extinguish fires in less than 10
seconds.​
●​Coverage Area: A higher-pressure system can distribute the agent over larger spaces
or through longer pipe networks without losing effectiveness.​

●​System Design Flexibility: Engineers can choose between 25-bar and 42-bar systems
depending on building structure, equipment layout, and room size.​


25 Bar vs. 42 Bar Systems
Both pressure options are commonly used, but they serve different needs:
●​25 Bar Systems:​
These are typically used in smaller or medium-sized enclosures where the piping

18. network is shorter. They are cost-effective and suitable for standard installations.​

●​42 Bar Systems:​
These are designed for larger areas, high-ceiling rooms, or facilities with complex
piping. The higher pressure allows the gas to travel longer distances without losing
speed or concentration.​

By offering both options, FM-200 systems provide flexibility to match different project
requirements.

Pressure Maintenance and Monitoring
Because FM-200 cylinders are highly pressurized, regular inspections and maintenance are
critical. During routine servicing, fire safety technicians check the following:
●​Cylinder pressure gauge readings​

●​Room temperature (as pressure can vary with heat)​

●​Valve and pipe integrity​

●​Leakage tests​

If the pressure drops below the recommended level, the cylinder may not discharge properly
during an emergency. That is why annual maintenance under NFPA 2001 standards is
mandatory for businesses that rely on FM-200 systems.

Safety of Pressurized Cylinders
Some people worry about the safety of keeping high-pressure cylinders inside their buildings.
However, FM-200 cylinders are built to international standards and undergo rigorous testing to
ensure they are safe, durable, and reliable. When installed and maintained by certified
professionals, these systems are completely safe for use in occupied spaces.

Where High-Pressure FM-200 Systems Are Used
FM-200 cylinders at 25 bar or 42 bar are widely used in:

19. ●​Data centers and IT facilities​

●​Telecom rooms​

●​Control rooms and industrial plants​

●​Hospitals and medical labs​

●​Archives, libraries, and museums​

●​Airports and defense installations​

In all these locations, the correct pressure ensures rapid and complete suppression of fires
without harming people or sensitive equipment.

✅ Final Answer: The pressure of an FM-200 cylinder is typically 25 bar (360 psi) or 42 bar
(600 psi) at room temperature. The choice between these two depends on the system design,
room size, and piping requirements. Maintaining proper cylinder pressure through regular
inspections is essential for ensuring reliable fire protection.

Is FM-200 a liquid or gas?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea or Heptafluoropropane, is one of the most popular clean
agent fire suppression systems used across the world. When people first learn about FM-200, a
common question that comes to mind is: Is FM-200 a liquid or a gas?
The answer is: FM-200 exists as both a liquid and a gas, depending on how it is stored
and used.

FM-200 in Storage: A Liquefied Gas
Inside the fire suppression cylinders, FM-200 is stored as a liquefied compressed gas. This
means it is kept under high pressure (typically 25 bar or 42 bar) which forces the agent to
remain in liquid form inside the container.
The reason FM-200 is stored as a liquid is to maximize storage efficiency. Liquids take up
less space than gases, so more agent can be stored in a single cylinder. This makes the system
compact, cost-effective, and easier to install in places with limited space.

20. FM-200 During Discharge: A Gas
When the fire suppression system is activated, FM-200 is released from the cylinders into the
protected room. At this point, the liquefied gas instantly vaporizes and turns into a colorless,
odorless gas.
This gas spreads quickly throughout the room and extinguishes the fire in less than 10 seconds.
The transformation from liquid to gas ensures fast coverage and effective suppression without
leaving behind any residue.

Why This Dual Nature is Important
The fact that FM-200 can exist as both a liquid (in storage) and a gas (during discharge) is
actually one of its biggest advantages:
●​Efficient Storage: Being stored as a liquid means less cylinder space is required.​

●​Fast Action: Being discharged as a gas means it can spread rapidly and reach even
hidden fire spots.​

●​Clean Suppression: As a gas, FM-200 leaves no water, foam, or residue that could
damage electronics or documents.​

●​Safe for Occupants: Unlike CO₂ systems, FM-200 does not displace oxygen when
released as a gas, making it safe for people in the room.​


Comparison with Other Agents
To understand better, let’s compare FM-200 with other suppression systems:
●​CO₂ Systems: Stored and discharged as a gas, but dangerous for occupied areas
because they reduce oxygen levels.​

●​Water-Based Systems: Always stored as liquid and discharged as liquid, which
damages electronics and documents.​

21. ●​Novec 1230: Stored as liquid but discharged as gas, similar to FM-200, with the added
benefit of being more eco-friendly.​

This shows that FM-200’s liquid-to-gas transformation makes it an effective balance between
performance, safety, and convenience.

Applications that Rely on FM-200’s Nature
Because FM-200 is stored as liquid and discharged as gas, it is highly useful in environments
where speed, cleanliness, and safety are critical. Common applications include:
●​Data centers and IT facilities​

●​Telecom rooms​

●​Hospitals and laboratories​

●​Museums, libraries, and archives​

●​Airports and defense facilities​

In all these areas, FM-200 provides rapid protection without risking equipment damage or
harming occupants.

✅ Final Answer: FM-200 is stored in cylinders as a liquefied compressed gas, but when
released during a fire, it vaporizes and becomes a gas. This dual property makes it efficient to
store, fast to discharge, safe for people, and clean for sensitive equipment.

What is FM-200 used for?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea or Heptafluoropropane, is one of the most trusted clean
agent fire suppression systems in the world. It has become a popular choice for industries,
businesses, and institutions that need fast, reliable, and clean fire protection. Unlike water or
foam-based systems, FM-200 leaves no residue, is safe for people, and extinguishes fires in
less than 10 seconds.
Because of these unique qualities, FM-200 is used in a wide range of applications where
traditional fire suppression methods are not suitable.

22. Main Purpose of FM-200
The primary use of FM-200 is to extinguish fires quickly and safely in areas containing
sensitive equipment, valuable assets, or occupied spaces. It works by absorbing heat from
the flames, breaking the fire’s chemical reaction, and stopping the spread almost instantly.
This makes it ideal for environments where even a few seconds of fire can cause heavy losses,
both financially and operationally.

Key Applications of FM-200
1. Data Centers and Server Rooms
FM-200 is widely used in IT facilities, data centers, and server rooms, where fire can damage
costly hardware and disrupt services. Since FM-200 leaves no residue and does not harm
electronics, it provides the safest protection for these environments.
2. Telecommunication Facilities
In telecom rooms and switching centers, uninterrupted operation is critical. FM-200 systems
ensure that fires are suppressed within seconds without shutting down oxygen, allowing staff to
remain safe while equipment continues running.
3. Hospitals and Laboratories
Medical facilities rely on advanced machines such as MRI scanners, CT machines, and
diagnostic equipment. These cannot be exposed to water or chemicals. FM-200 is used to
protect such environments because it is clean, fast, and safe for both people and sensitive
devices.
4. Archives, Libraries, and Museums
Priceless books, documents, and artifacts require fire protection that does not damage them.
FM-200 is often installed in museums, heritage sites, and libraries, where a single water
discharge could cause permanent loss.
5. Control Rooms and Industrial Plants
Power stations, control rooms, and manufacturing plants often house sensitive control systems.
FM-200 is used to protect these areas, ensuring operations continue smoothly after a fire
incident.

23. 6. Aviation and Defense
Airports, aircraft hangars, and defense installations use FM-200 because it provides fast
suppression while being safe for occupied areas. Mission-critical defense equipment also relies
on FM-200 for fire safety.

Why Businesses Prefer FM-200
FM-200 is chosen over traditional fire suppression methods because of the following
advantages:
●​Fast Action: Extinguishes fires in under 10 seconds.​

●​Safe for People: Does not reduce oxygen levels in the room.​

●​No Residue: Leaves no water or chemical damage.​

●​Multi-Class Protection: Works effectively on Class A (solids), Class B (liquids), and
Class C (electrical) fires.​

●​Minimal Downtime: Businesses can continue operations almost immediately after
discharge.​


FM-200 in Pakistan
In Pakistan, FM-200 systems are being increasingly used by banks, telecom companies, IT
firms, hospitals, luxury hotels, and power plants. With the rise of digital infrastructure and
high-value equipment, the demand for clean agent suppression systems like FM-200 is growing
rapidly.

✅ Final Answer: FM-200 is used to protect critical facilities such as data centers, telecom
rooms, hospitals, museums, libraries, control rooms, airports, and defense sites. It
provides clean, fast, and safe fire suppression without damaging equipment or endangering
people, making it one of the most reliable solutions for modern fire protection.

Is FM-200 a CO₂ system?

24. When it comes to fire suppression, two well-known systems are FM-200 and CO₂ (Carbon
Dioxide). Many people confuse the two because both are used to fight fires without water.
However, FM-200 is not a CO₂ system. They are very different in how they work, their safety,
and where they can be used.
To understand this better, let’s explore the differences and see why FM-200 stands apart.

FM-200 vs. CO₂: The Basic Difference
●​FM-200 (HFC-227ea): A clean agent fire suppression gas stored as a liquid under
pressure and discharged as a gas. It extinguishes fire by absorbing heat from flames
and stopping the combustion process.​
●​CO₂ (Carbon Dioxide): A natural gas that extinguishes fire by displacing oxygen in the
room. Without oxygen, the fire cannot survive.​

This is the fundamental difference: FM-200 removes heat, while CO₂ removes oxygen.

Safety in Occupied Spaces
One of the main reasons FM-200 is not considered a CO₂ system is safety.
●​FM-200: Safe for use in occupied areas because it does not significantly reduce oxygen
levels. People can stay in the room while the system activates without risk of suffocation.​

●​CO₂: Dangerous for occupied spaces because it removes oxygen. If people are present
during a CO₂ discharge, there is a high risk of suffocation or even death.​

For this reason, CO₂ systems are often restricted to unoccupied areas, such as industrial
machinery rooms, while FM-200 is suitable for offices, hospitals, data centers, and other areas
where people may be present.

Applications of FM-200 vs. CO₂
●​FM-200 is commonly used in:​

25. ○​Data centers and server rooms​

○​Telecom facilities​

○​Control rooms​

○​Museums and libraries​

○​Hospitals and laboratories​

●​CO₂ is commonly used in:​

○​Industrial equipment areas​

○​Power generation rooms​

○​Engine and turbine enclosures​

○​Marine and shipping applications​

This shows that FM-200 is the preferred choice where human safety and sensitive equipment
protection are equally important.

Residue and Cleanup
Another big difference between the two systems is cleanup after discharge.
●​FM-200: Leaves no residue at all. Equipment remains safe, and operations can restart
quickly.​

●​CO₂: Also leaves no residue, but because of its oxygen-displacement method, the space
often needs to be ventilated before re-entry, causing longer downtime.​


Environmental Considerations
●​FM-200: Does not harm the ozone layer, but it has a high global warming potential
(GWP). Because of this, some regions are considering alternatives like Novec 1230.​

26. ●​CO₂: Being a natural gas, it has zero ozone depletion potential. However, large releases
of CO₂ still contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.​


Why FM-200 is Not a CO₂ System
Even though both are gaseous fire suppression methods, FM-200 cannot be classified as a CO₂
system because:
1.​Their extinguishing principles are different (heat absorption vs. oxygen displacement).​

2.​FM-200 is safe for occupied areas, while CO₂ is not.​

3.​They are used in different industries and environments.​


✅ Final Answer: FM-200 is not a CO₂ system. While CO₂ extinguishes fires by reducing
oxygen, FM-200 works by absorbing heat and breaking the fire triangle. This makes FM-200
much safer for people and ideal for protecting sensitive equipment in data centers, hospitals,
libraries, and other occupied spaces.

What are the safety precautions for FM-200?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea, is one of the most reliable clean agent fire suppression
systems in the world. It is widely used in data centers, hospitals, control rooms, telecom
facilities, and museums because it can extinguish fires in less than 10 seconds without
damaging sensitive equipment or reducing oxygen to unsafe levels.
While FM-200 is considered safe for both people and property, there are still important safety
precautions that must be followed to ensure the system works correctly and does not cause
risks during or after discharge.

1. Proper System Design and Installation
The first safety precaution for FM-200 is making sure the system is designed and installed by
certified professionals following international standards like NFPA 2001. Incorrect cylinder

27. sizing, poor piping design, or wrong nozzle placement can reduce system effectiveness and
increase risks for occupants.

2. Regular Inspection and Maintenance
FM-200 cylinders are stored under high pressure (25 bar or 42 bar). Over time, pressure levels
can fluctuate. To maintain safety:
●​Cylinders should be inspected at least once a year.​

●​Pressure gauges should be checked to confirm proper levels.​

●​Valves, pipes, and nozzles must be tested for leaks or blockages.​

Without regular maintenance, the system may fail during a real fire emergency.

3. Room Integrity Testing
For FM-200 to work effectively, the protected room must be airtight. If there are leaks, the gas
can escape before extinguishing the fire completely. Room integrity (door fan) tests are
recommended every few years to confirm that the room can hold the agent for the required time.

4. Safe Occupant Procedures
Although FM-200 is safe for use in occupied spaces, some precautions should still be taken:
●​Occupants should be trained on what to do if the system discharges.​

●​Avoid panic or sudden evacuation—FM-200 does not remove oxygen, so people can
breathe safely.​

●​If exposure happens at very high concentrations (beyond recommended design), it may
cause mild dizziness, so quick but calm evacuation is best practice.​


5. Proper Storage of Cylinders

28. FM-200 cylinders should be stored:
●​Away from direct sunlight and high heat sources.​

●​In secure locations where they cannot be damaged by impact.​

●​With clear labels and proper monitoring systems.​

Since these cylinders are under high pressure, mishandling can lead to accidents.
6. Emergency Drills and Training
Fire safety is not only about having a system in place but also about people knowing how to
respond. Regular fire drills and FM-200 training sessions help staff understand:
●​How the system works.​

●​What to do during discharge.​

●​How to safely re-enter the room after the event.​

7. Ventilation After Discharge
Although FM-200 leaves no residue, the room should be properly ventilated after a discharge.
This ensures that any remaining agent is cleared out and the environment is fully safe for
occupants to re-enter.
8. Compliance with Regulations
FM-200 systems should always comply with:
●​NFPA 2001 international standard for clean agent systems.​

●​Local fire safety codes in Pakistan.​

●​Manufacturer’s guidelines for refilling and handling cylinders.​

Using unauthorized refill agents or ignoring inspections can put both people and property at risk.
✅ Final Answer: The main safety precautions for FM-200 include professional installation,
regular maintenance, room integrity testing, safe occupant procedures, proper cylinder
storage, emergency training, ventilation after discharge, and strict compliance with

29. regulations. Following these guidelines ensures that FM-200 systems remain safe, reliable,
and effective in protecting both people and property.
Is FM200 safe for humans?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea, is one of the most widely used clean agent fire suppression
systems in the world. It is popular because it can extinguish fires in less than 10 seconds,
leaves no residue, and does not harm sensitive equipment. But one of the most common
questions people ask is: Is FM-200 safe for humans?
The answer is yes, FM-200 is safe for humans when used within recommended design
concentrations. This is the main reason it is trusted for fire protection in places where people
are present, such as offices, hospitals, data centers, and control rooms.

How FM-200 Works in Occupied Spaces
Unlike CO₂ systems that suppress fire by removing oxygen, FM-200 works by absorbing heat
and interrupting the fire’s chemical reaction. This means it does not significantly reduce the
oxygen level in a room. People can continue breathing normally while the system is discharging,
making it much safer for occupied spaces.

International Standards for Human Safety
FM-200 systems are designed according to NFPA 2001 standards, which define safe
concentration limits for occupied areas. At these levels:
●​FM-200 is not toxic.​

●​It does not cause suffocation.​

●​People can safely remain in the room during discharge.​

These standards ensure that FM-200 is only installed in concentrations proven to be safe for
human exposure.

Possible Effects of High Concentration

30. Although FM-200 is safe within normal design limits, exposure to concentrations above
recommended levels may cause temporary effects such as:
●​Mild dizziness​

●​Shortness of breath​

●​Discomfort if exposure is prolonged​

This is why systems are carefully designed by professionals to avoid unnecessary risks.

Why FM-200 is Preferred for Human Safety
FM-200 is often chosen over other suppression systems because of its excellent human safety
record. Some of the main reasons include:
●​Safe Oxygen Levels: Unlike CO₂, it does not reduce oxygen to dangerous levels.​

●​Non-Toxic: It does not produce harmful chemicals when discharged.​

●​No Residue: It does not create dust, foam, or water that could affect breathing.​

●​Fast Suppression: By extinguishing fire within seconds, it reduces the danger of smoke
inhalation for occupants.​


Where FM-200 Protects People and Property
Because of its human safety advantage, FM-200 is widely used in:
●​Data centers and IT facilities where staff may be working 24/7​

●​Hospitals and laboratories where patients and medical staff are present​

●​Museums and libraries that allow visitors during operating hours​

●​Corporate offices and control rooms where continuous occupancy is required​

In all these environments, FM-200 provides reliable fire protection without endangering people.

31. Safety Precautions for Occupants
To maximize safety for humans, certain precautions should always be followed:
●​Ensure the system is designed and installed by certified professionals.​

●​Train staff on how to respond during a discharge.​

●​Ventilate the room properly after a system activation.​

●​Conduct regular maintenance checks to ensure correct agent concentration.​


✅ Final Answer: FM-200 is safe for humans when used within recommended design
concentrations. It does not reduce oxygen to dangerous levels, is non-toxic, and is specifically
approved for use in occupied spaces. With proper design, maintenance, and training, FM-200
provides both human safety and reliable fire protection.

What is the full name of FM-200?
FM-200 is one of the most popular clean agent fire suppression systems in the world. It is
trusted in critical facilities such as data centers, hospitals, telecom rooms, and archives because
it can extinguish fires in seconds without damaging equipment or endangering people. But a
common question many people ask is: What is the full name of FM-200?
The full name of FM-200 is Heptafluoropropane, also known by its chemical formula C₃HF₇. It
is technically called 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane in chemical terms, and its industry code
is HFC-227ea.

Breaking Down the Names
FM-200 has several different names depending on the context:
●​FM-200: The trade name used by fire safety companies and the general market.​

32. ●​HFC-227ea: The international code that classifies it as a hydrofluorocarbon fire
suppression agent.​

●​Heptafluoropropane: The scientific chemical name of the compound.​

●​C₃HF₇: The molecular formula showing its composition (carbon, hydrogen, and fluorine).​

All of these names refer to the same fire suppression gas.

Why is it Called FM-200?
The name “FM-200” was introduced by DuPont, the company that first developed and marketed
the agent as a replacement for Halon systems. The “FM” stands for Fire Master, while the
number “200” was used as a product designation. Today, many manufacturers around the world
produce FM-200 systems, but the name remains the most commonly recognized in the fire
safety industry.

Why the Full Name Matters
Knowing the full name of FM-200 is not just a technical detail — it is important for:
1.​Safety Compliance: Fire safety professionals and engineers must use the correct
chemical name (HFC-227ea / Heptafluoropropane) in official documents, certifications,
and NFPA 2001 standards.​
2.​International Recognition: In some countries, regulators only recognize the chemical
or code name, not the trade name.​

3.​Environmental Regulations: Since FM-200 is a hydrofluorocarbon, it is monitored for
its global warming potential (GWP). Using the correct name helps with compliance under
environmental policies.​


Applications of FM-200 (Heptafluoropropane)
Regardless of the name used, FM-200 serves the same purpose: to provide fast, clean, and
safe fire suppression. It is widely used in:

33. ●​Data centers and IT facilities​

●​Telecommunication rooms​

●​Hospitals and laboratories​

●​Control rooms and power stations​

●​Museums, archives, and libraries​

●​Aviation and defense facilities​


Characteristics of FM-200 (HFC-227ea)
●​Stored as a liquid under high pressure and discharged as a gas.​

●​Colorless and odorless, making it non-intrusive in protected areas.​

●​Safe for humans when used within design concentrations.​

●​Leaves no residue, allowing quick return to normal operations.​

●​Extinguishes fire in less than 10 seconds.​


✅ Final Answer: The full name of FM-200 is Heptafluoropropane, with the chemical code
HFC-227ea and formula C₃HF₇. While “FM-200” is the trade name commonly used in the fire
safety industry, its official chemical name is 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane.

How much does FM-200 cost?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea (Heptafluoropropane), is one of the most trusted clean
agent fire suppression systems in the world. It is widely used in data centers, hospitals,
telecom rooms, archives, and control centers because it extinguishes fire in less than 10
seconds without leaving any residue or damaging sensitive equipment.

34. One of the most common questions asked by businesses and facility managers is: How much
does FM-200 cost? The answer depends on different factors, including the size of the
protected area, the quantity of gas required, and installation needs.

Cost of FM-200 in Pakistan
In Pakistan, the cost of FM-200 is usually calculated per kilogram of gas. As of 2025 trends:
●​The average price of FM 200 Fire Suppression system of Gas ranges between PKR 9,000
to PKR 12,000 per kg, depending on the supplier and market fluctuations.​

●​A small office room may require 30–40 kg, costing around PKR 300,000 to PKR
450,000.​

●​Large data centers or control rooms may require hundreds of kilograms, and the cost
can go into several million rupees.​


Factors That Affect FM-200 Cost
1.​Room Size and Volume​
The larger the room, the more FM-200 gas is needed to reach the required
concentration.​
2.​System Pressure​
FM-200 cylinders are available in 25 bar and 42 bar pressure levels. Higher pressure
systems are usually more expensive but more efficient for long pipe runs.​
3.​Number of Cylinders​
More cylinders mean higher cost not only for gas but also for storage racks, piping, and
valves.​
4.​Installation Charges​
Installation involves piping, nozzles, control panels, and detectors. The labor and
technical expertise required can significantly affect the overall price.​
5.​Brand and Supplier​
Well-known international brands like NAFFCO, Kidde, and Tyco often charge more
than local suppliers, but they also provide certification and compliance with NFPA 2001
standards.​

35. Why FM-200 is Worth the Investment
Even though FM-200 is expensive compared to traditional systems like CO₂ or water sprinklers,
businesses choose it because:
●​It is safe for humans and can be used in occupied spaces.​

●​It leaves no residue, so there is no clean-up required after discharge.​

●​It protects sensitive electronics and data that water or foam systems would destroy.​

●​It ensures business continuity by extinguishing fires within seconds.​

In industries where downtime costs millions, FM-200 is considered a cost-saving solution rather
than an expense.

Cost vs. Alternatives
●​CO₂ Systems: Cheaper than FM-200 but unsafe for humans since they displace
oxygen.​
●​Water Mist or Sprinklers: Lower cost but cause water damage to electronics and
documents.​

●​Novec 1230: Another clean agent system, often slightly more expensive than FM-200
but with lower environmental impact.​


✅ Final Answer: The cost of FM-200 fire suppression in Pakistan usually ranges between
PKR 9,000 to PKR 12,000 per kg of gas, and the total project price depends on room size,
system design, and installation requirements. While the initial investment is high, FM-200
provides unmatched protection for sensitive areas where safety and business continuity are
critical.
Is FM-200 banned?

36. FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea (Heptafluoropropane), is one of the most widely used
clean agent fire suppression systems in the world. It is popular in data centers, control rooms,
hospitals, telecom facilities, and museums because it can extinguish a fire within 10
seconds, is safe for humans, and leaves no residue behind.
However, with increasing awareness about environmental protection, many people ask: Is
FM-200 banned?
The simple answer is: No, FM-200 is not banned worldwide, but its use is being gradually
phased down in some regions due to environmental concerns.

Why Some People Think FM-200 is Banned
The confusion often comes from its classification as a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC). HFCs are
greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming, and international agreements like the
Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol have called for reducing their production and
use.
Because of this, some countries are restricting or gradually phasing out FM-200 in favor of more
environmentally friendly alternatives. But it is not completely banned.

Current Global Status of FM-200
1.​United States​
FM-200 is still approved and widely used under NFPA 2001 standards. However, the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is encouraging a transition to low global
warming potential (GWP) agents like Novec 1230.​

2.​European Union (EU)​
The EU has stricter rules on HFCs under the F-Gas Regulations. FM-200 is not banned
but is regulated, and companies are required to reduce dependency on it over time.​
3.​Middle East and Asia​
In many Gulf countries and Asian markets, including Pakistan, FM-200 is still widely
available and installed without restrictions.​
4.​Worldwide​
Globally, FM-200 is being phased down, not banned, which means it will remain
available for several more years but with more emphasis on alternatives.​

37. Alternatives to FM-200
Because of environmental concerns, some organizations are switching to cleaner options:
●​Novec 1230 (FK-5-1-12): A clean agent with very low GWP, often marketed as the
long-term replacement for FM-200.​

●​Inert Gas Systems (IG-541, IG-55, IG-100): Use natural gases like nitrogen and argon,
which have zero global warming impact.​

●​CO₂ Systems: Used in unoccupied areas, though not safe for humans in occupied
spaces.​


Why FM-200 is Still in Use
Despite environmental concerns, FM-200 continues to be popular because:
●​It is safe for humans and approved for occupied areas.​

●​It has a proven track record of reliability and fast fire suppression.​

●​Many existing facilities already use FM-200, and completely replacing them is costly.​

●​Spare parts, cylinders, and refills are still widely available in most countries.​


✅ Final Answer: FM-200 is not banned, but it is being regulated and gradually phased down
in many countries due to its global warming potential. In Pakistan and most of Asia, FM-200 is
still widely available and commonly used. Over time, industries may shift toward environmentally
friendly options like Novec 1230 or inert gas systems, but FM-200 remains a trusted and legal
fire suppression solution today.
Can FM-200 damage equipment?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea (Heptafluoropropane), is one of the most trusted clean
agent fire suppression systems in the world. It is widely used in data centers, telecom

38. facilities, hospitals, museums, and control rooms because it can suppress fires in less than
10 seconds without harming people or critical assets.
One of the most common concerns among businesses is: Can FM-200 damage equipment?
The clear answer is: No, FM-200 does not damage equipment when properly installed and
discharged within design limits. This is one of the biggest reasons it is the preferred fire
suppression solution in facilities where expensive electronics and sensitive assets are at risk.

How FM-200 Works Without Causing Damage
FM-200 is stored as a liquid in high-pressure cylinders but discharged as a gas. It extinguishes
fire by:
1.​Absorbing heat energy from the flames.​

2.​Interrupting the chemical chain reaction of fire.​

Unlike water-based systems or powders, FM-200 does not leave any residue behind. This
makes it completely safe for electronics, paper archives, artworks, and other sensitive assets.

Why FM-200 is Considered Safe for Equipment
1.​No Residue: FM-200 vaporizes instantly and leaves no dust, water, or foam that could
harm equipment.​
2.​Non-Corrosive: It is chemically stable and does not corrode metal surfaces or electronic
components.​

3.​Quick Discharge: The fire is suppressed in seconds, reducing the risk of heat and
smoke damage.​

4.​Minimal Cleanup: Since no residue is left behind, operations can resume quickly
without downtime for cleaning.​


Comparison with Other Systems

39. ●​Water Sprinklers: Effective for general fires but can destroy electronics, documents,
and archives.​

●​CO₂ Systems: Do not leave residue but are unsafe for humans in occupied spaces.​

●​Dry Chemical Systems: Leave corrosive powder that damages electronics and requires
extensive cleanup.​

●​FM-200 Systems: Safe for equipment, safe for people, and clean in application.​


Applications Where FM-200 Protects Equipment
FM-200 is specifically chosen for areas where equipment safety is critical, such as:
●​Data Centers and Server Rooms: Protecting computers, servers, and networking
devices.​

●​Telecommunication Hubs: Preventing downtime in communication networks.​

●​Hospitals and Labs: Safeguarding medical devices and sensitive instruments.​

●​Museums and Archives: Protecting priceless artifacts, manuscripts, and art.​

●​Corporate Offices and Control Rooms: Protecting IT infrastructure and essential
operations.​


Factors That Ensure Equipment Safety
While FM-200 itself does not damage equipment, safety also depends on:
●​Proper System Design: Certified professionals must calculate correct concentrations.​

●​Correct Installation: Cylinders, nozzles, and piping must be properly placed.​

●​Regular Maintenance: Inspections ensure the system functions correctly during an
emergency.​

40. If these factors are ignored, indirect risks such as incomplete discharge or leaks could reduce
protection efficiency.

The Real Threat: Fire vs. FM-200
It is important to understand that the real threat to equipment is not FM-200 but the fire itself.
Fire causes:
●​Extreme heat that melts and destroys electronics.​

●​Smoke that penetrates sensitive circuits and reduces lifespan.​

●​Water damage if sprinklers are triggered.​

FM-200 prevents all these risks by extinguishing the fire quickly, ensuring both equipment safety
and business continuity.

✅ Final Answer: FM-200 does not damage equipment. It is a clean, non-corrosive, and
residue-free fire suppression agent, making it one of the safest choices for protecting sensitive
electronics, documents, and valuable assets. When properly designed and maintained, FM-200
systems provide maximum fire protection with zero risk to equipment.

What is the lifetime of FM-200?
What is the Lifetime of FM-200?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea (Heptafluoropropane), is a clean agent fire suppression
system trusted worldwide for protecting critical facilities such as data centers, hospitals,
telecom sites, control rooms, and museums. It is valued because it extinguishes fire quickly,
is safe for humans, and leaves no residue behind.
But one important question often asked by facility managers and business owners is: What is
the lifetime of FM-200?
The answer depends on two aspects: the shelf life of the FM-200 agent itself and the service
life of the installed fire suppression system.

41. Lifetime of FM-200 Agent
The FM-200 agent (HFC-227ea) is a chemically stable compound. When stored in cylinders
under proper conditions, its shelf life can exceed 20 years without losing effectiveness.
●​The gas does not break down or deteriorate over time.​

●​It remains pressurized and ready for use as long as the cylinder is intact.​

●​Manufacturers recommend regular inspections to ensure pressure and weight levels are
maintained.​

This means that once installed, the FM-200 agent can last decades with minimal maintenance.

Lifetime of an FM-200 Fire Suppression System
While the agent itself is long-lasting, the system as a whole has a service life determined by its
components:
1.​Cylinders: Can last 20+ years with proper maintenance and hydrostatic testing.​

2.​Valves and Discharge Nozzles: May need replacement after 10–15 years depending
on wear and tear.​

3.​Control Panels and Detection Systems: Usually last 10–15 years but may require
upgrades as technology advances.​

4.​Piping Network: Can last for decades if properly designed and maintained.​

With proper care, an FM-200 system can remain operational for 20–25 years or more.

Key Maintenance for Longevity
To ensure FM-200 remains effective for its full lifetime, regular inspections are essential:
●​Annual Inspections: Checking cylinder pressure, weight, and system integrity.​

42. ●​Hydrostatic Testing: Cylinders must be pressure-tested every 10 years as per
international standards.​

●​Refilling After Discharge: Once FM-200 is released during a fire event, the cylinder
must be refilled immediately.​

●​System Upgrades: Over time, detectors, alarms, and control units may require
replacement.​


Environmental Lifetime of FM-200
From an environmental perspective, FM-200 has an atmospheric lifetime of around 31 to 36
years. This means if released into the atmosphere, it stays present for decades before breaking
down. This long atmospheric lifetime is the reason it is being gradually phased down under
international environmental agreements, but it is still widely in use.

Why Lifetime Knowledge is Important
Understanding the lifetime of FM-200 helps businesses:
●​Plan long-term fire safety budgets.​

●​Ensure timely inspections and cylinder testing.​

●​Make informed decisions about replacements or upgrades.​

●​Avoid sudden failures during emergencies.​


✅ Final Answer: The lifetime of FM-200 as a fire suppression agent is over 20 years when
stored properly in cylinders, and a complete FM-200 system can remain operational for 20–25
years or more with regular maintenance. Environmentally, FM-200 has an atmospheric lifetime
of about 31–36 years, which is why it is being phased down in some regions.

What are the hazards of FM-200?

43. What Are the Hazards of FM-200?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea (Heptafluoropropane), is one of the most trusted clean
agent fire suppression systems in the world. It is widely used in data centers, control rooms,
hospitals, banks, museums, and telecom sites because it extinguishes fire in seconds
without damaging sensitive equipment or leaving residue.
While FM-200 is generally considered safe, it is important to understand its hazards and
limitations. Like any fire suppression system, if not used or maintained properly, FM-200 can
present risks to people, equipment, and the environment.

1. Health Hazards to Humans
FM-200 is safe for humans when discharged within design concentration levels as per NFPA
2001 standards. However, at higher concentrations or under specific conditions, it can cause:
●​Dizziness and lightheadedness due to exposure.​

●​Cardiac sensitization (risk of irregular heartbeat) if inhaled in large amounts.​

●​Asphyxiation risk if the system is poorly designed and oxygen levels drop due to
over-discharge.​

●​Cold burns or frostbite if someone comes into direct contact with liquid FM-200 during
release.​

This is why proper system design and safe evacuation procedures are essential.

2. Environmental Hazards
FM-200 belongs to the family of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are greenhouse gases.
Although it has zero ozone depletion potential (ODP), it has a high global warming
potential (GWP) and an atmospheric lifetime of 31–36 years.
Because of this, environmental regulations such as the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal
Protocol are pushing for a gradual phase-down of FM-200 in favor of eco-friendly alternatives
like Novec 1230.

44. 3. Hazards to Equipment
One of the strengths of FM-200 is that it does not damage equipment when discharged
correctly. It is non-corrosive and leaves no residue. However, hazards may arise if:
●​System is miscalculated: Too much pressure can damage delicate components.​

●​Leaks occur in cylinders or piping: Loss of gas can lead to failure during
emergencies.​

●​Improper maintenance: Dust or corrosion in nozzles can reduce effectiveness, risking
equipment safety.​

So while FM-200 itself is safe, poor handling or installation can indirectly endanger equipment.

4. Hazards from Incorrect System Design
FM-200 systems must be carefully engineered. Hazards appear if:
●​Wrong agent concentration is calculated.​

●​Cylinders are not stored in correct temperature ranges (typically 0°C to 49°C).​

●​Detection systems are faulty, leading to delayed or false discharges.​

Improper design not only wastes the agent but also increases risks for both people and property.

5. Financial Hazards
FM-200 systems are expensive to install and maintain. If discharged, even accidentally, the cost
of refilling and recommissioning can be very high. In some cases, businesses may face financial
strain if they don’t have proper maintenance contracts in place.

How to Minimize FM-200 Hazards
●​Ensure system design follows NFPA 2001 and local fire safety codes.​

45. ●​Conduct annual inspections and cylinder pressure checks.​

●​Train staff on evacuation procedures and system safety.​

●​Install proper warning alarms to alert occupants during discharge.​

●​Work with certified fire safety companies for installation and servicing.​


✅ Final Answer: FM-200 is generally safe, but potential hazards include health risks at high
concentrations, environmental impact due to its global warming potential, equipment
risks from poor system design, and financial costs of accidental discharge. With proper
installation, maintenance, and adherence to safety standards, these hazards can be minimized,
making FM-200 a highly reliable clean agent fire suppression system.
What is the chemical in the FM-200 system?
What is the Chemical in the FM-200
System?
FM-200 is one of the most widely used clean agent fire suppression systems in the world. It is
trusted in data centers, hospitals, control rooms, banks, telecom facilities, and museums
because it extinguishes fire quickly, safely, and without leaving any residue.
But a question many people ask is: What is the chemical in the FM-200 system?
The chemical used in FM-200 systems is Heptafluoropropane, also known by its code name
HFC-227ea. Its molecular formula is C₃HF₇.

Chemical Identity of FM-200
The FM-200 agent has different names depending on context:
●​Chemical Name: 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane​

●​Industry Code: HFC-227ea​

46. ●​Formula: C₃HF₇​

●​Trade Name: FM-200 (introduced by DuPont)​

All of these refer to the same chemical compound used as the extinguishing agent.

Properties of FM-200 Chemical
The chemical Heptafluoropropane has unique characteristics that make it ideal for fire
suppression:
●​Colorless and Odorless: It does not change the environment visually or leave any
smell.​

●​Stored as Liquid, Discharged as Gas: Pressurized in cylinders and released as a gas
during discharge.​

●​Non-Conductive: Safe for electrical and electronic equipment.​

●​Clean Agent: Leaves no residue, unlike powder-based systems.​

●​Safe for Humans: Does not remove oxygen when used within design concentrations.​


How the Chemical Extinguishes Fire
The chemical in FM-200 works by:
1.​Absorbing heat energy from the flames.​

2.​Interrupting the fire’s chemical chain reaction.​

This dual action allows FM-200 to extinguish fire in less than 10 seconds. Unlike CO₂, it does
not suffocate the fire by displacing oxygen, which makes it safer for occupied areas.

Applications of FM-200 Chemical

47. Because of its clean and safe nature, Heptafluoropropane is used in environments where water
or powder-based agents would cause severe damage, such as:
●​Data Centers and Server Rooms – Protects sensitive electronics.​

●​Hospitals and Labs – Safeguards medical equipment.​

●​Museums and Archives – Preserves historical artifacts and documents.​

●​Telecom Facilities – Ensures continuity of communications.​

●​Industrial Control Rooms – Protects 24/7 operations.​


Safety Aspects of the Chemical
●​FM-200 is non-toxic when used properly.​

●​Exposure at designed concentrations is safe for humans.​

●​Direct contact with the liquid form can cause cold burns, so proper handling is essential.​

●​It is regulated under NFPA 2001 standards for safe application.​


Environmental Considerations
While FM-200 has zero ozone depletion potential (ODP), it does have a global warming
potential (GWP) and an atmospheric lifetime of about 31–36 years. Because of this, its
production and use are being gradually phased down in some countries, but it is still legal and
widely available.

✅ Final Answer: The chemical in the FM-200 system is Heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea,
C₃HF₇). It is a clean, colorless, and odorless agent that extinguishes fires by absorbing heat and
disrupting the chemical reaction. It is safe for humans, non-damaging to equipment, and widely
used in sensitive environments where water or powder cannot be applied.

48. What types of fires does FM-200 extinguish?
What Types of Fires Does FM-200
Extinguish?
FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea (Heptafluoropropane), is one of the most reliable clean
agent fire suppression systems available today. It is widely trusted in data centers, hospitals,
banks, telecom facilities, museums, and industrial control rooms because it suppresses
fires in less than 10 seconds, is safe for humans, and does not damage sensitive equipment.
But an important question many people ask is: What types of fires does FM-200 extinguish?

Understanding Fire Classes
To answer this question, it is important to understand the different fire classes that exist:
●​Class A Fires: Fires involving ordinary combustibles like wood, paper, fabric, and
plastics.​

●​Class B Fires: Fires involving flammable liquids such as petrol, diesel, oil, paint, and
solvents.​

●​Class C Fires: Fires involving flammable gases like propane, methane, and butane.​

●​Class D Fires: Fires involving combustible metals such as magnesium, sodium, or
lithium.​

●​Class E / Electrical Fires: Fires involving energized electrical equipment.​

●​Class F (K in some countries): Fires involving cooking oils and fats, usually in
kitchens.​


Types of Fires FM-200 Can Extinguish
FM-200 is designed to extinguish Class A, Class B, and Electrical Fires.

49. 1.​Class A Fires​

○​FM-200 is effective on common combustibles such as wood, paper, fabric, and
plastics.​

○​This makes it useful in offices, libraries, and archives where paper and other
combustibles are present.​

2.​Class B Fires​

○​FM-200 works well against flammable liquid fires like fuel, paint, oil, and solvents.​

○​This is critical in industrial facilities, laboratories, and chemical storage areas.​

3.​Electrical Fires (Class E)​

○​FM-200 is non-conductive and residue-free, making it ideal for extinguishing
electrical and electronic fires.​

○​This is one of the main reasons it is the top choice for data centers, server
rooms, telecom sites, and control rooms.​


Types of Fires FM-200 Cannot Extinguish
While FM-200 is highly effective, it has limitations:
●​Class C (Gas Fires): It is not suitable for fires involving continuous leaks of flammable
gases. In such cases, the gas supply must be shut off before suppression.​

●​Class D (Metal Fires): FM-200 is ineffective against combustible metal fires like
magnesium or lithium. Specialized extinguishing powders are needed.​

●​Class F (Cooking Oil Fires): FM-200 is not designed for kitchen fires involving oils and
fats. Wet chemical extinguishers are better for this purpose.​


Why FM-200 Excels in Sensitive Areas
FM-200 is chosen over traditional extinguishing methods because:

50. ●​Water-based systems can cause serious damage to electronics and archives.​

●​Powder-based systems leave corrosive residue that requires costly cleanup.​

●​CO₂ systems remove oxygen and are unsafe for humans in occupied areas.​

In comparison, FM-200 is safe, clean, and effective, making it perfect for areas where uptime
and equipment protection are critical.

Industries Where FM-200 is Used
Because of its ability to handle Class A, Class B, and electrical fires, FM-200 is commonly used
in:
●​Data centers and IT facilities​

●​Banks and financial institutions​

●​Telecommunication hubs​

●​Hospitals and laboratories​

●​Power plants and control rooms​

●​Museums, libraries, and archives​


✅ Final Answer: FM-200 extinguishes Class A (ordinary combustibles), Class B
(flammable liquids), and Electrical Fires. However, it is not suitable for Class C gas leaks,
Class D metal fires, or Class F cooking oil fires. This makes FM-200 the ideal choice for
protecting sensitive environments such as data centers, control rooms, and hospitals where
human safety and equipment protection are equally important.
Is FM-200 still used?
Is FM-200 Still Used?

51. FM-200, also known as HFC-227ea (Heptafluoropropane), has been one of the most popular
clean agent fire suppression systems worldwide for the last three decades. It is trusted for its
ability to extinguish fire in under 10 seconds, while being safe for humans and leaving no
residue that could damage sensitive equipment.
But as environmental regulations and new technologies emerge, many people ask: Is FM-200
still used today?
FM-200 and Global Use
Yes, FM-200 is still widely used across the world in 2025, particularly in critical facilities like:
●​Data Centers​

●​Telecommunication Hubs​

●​Hospitals and Laboratories​

●​Museums and Archives​

●​Financial Institutions​

●​Industrial Control Rooms​

These industries continue to rely on FM-200 because it provides fast suppression, minimal
downtime, and equipment safety, which are all vital in high-value environments.

Why FM-200 Is Still Preferred
FM-200 continues to be in demand because of several advantages:
1.​Speed: It extinguishes fires in less than 10 seconds, much faster than water or foam
systems.​

2.​Clean Agent: No residue is left behind, saving equipment from corrosion or damage.​

3.​Human Safety: It does not remove oxygen and is safe for occupied spaces when used
within design limits.​

4.​Reliability: Proven track record in thousands of installations worldwide.​

52. These strengths make FM-200 hard to replace completely, despite new alternatives emerging.

Environmental Concerns and Phase-Down
One reason people wonder if FM-200 is still in use is because of its environmental impact.
●​FM-200 has zero ozone depletion potential (ODP), meaning it does not damage the
ozone layer.​

●​However, it has a global warming potential (GWP) and a relatively long atmospheric
lifetime (about 31–36 years).​

Because of this, under international agreements such as the Kigali Amendment to the
Montreal Protocol, the production and use of HFCs (including FM-200) are being gradually
phased down, not banned immediately.

Are Alternatives Replacing FM-200?
Yes, in some regions, alternative clean agents are being adopted, such as:
●​Novec 1230 (FK-5-1-12): A clean agent with very low GWP and short atmospheric
lifetime.​

●​Inert Gas Systems (IG-541, IG-55, IG-100): Use naturally occurring gases like nitrogen
and argon.​

These alternatives are considered more environmentally friendly, but FM-200 is still chosen in
many projects due to its proven reliability, existing infrastructure, and cost factors.

Current Status of FM-200
●​In many countries, FM-200 is still approved, installed, and maintained under
international fire safety standards (NFPA 2001, ISO 14520).​
●​Some new projects are switching to alternatives, but FM-200 remains in use because of
its installed base and effective fire suppression performance.​

53. ●​Maintenance, refilling, and cylinder replacement for FM-200 systems are still easily
available in Pakistan and worldwide.​


✅ Final Answer: FM-200 is still used today and continues to protect thousands of facilities
worldwide. While its production is being phased down gradually due to environmental
regulations, it remains one of the most trusted clean agent fire suppression systems for data
centers, hospitals, control rooms, and archives. Many organizations continue to rely on
FM-200, even as alternatives like Novec 1230 and inert gases gain popularity.

What is the difference between Halon and FM-200?
What is the Difference Between Halon and
FM-200?
Fire suppression technology has evolved greatly over the years. Two of the most well-known
clean agents used for extinguishing fires are Halon and FM-200 (HFC-227ea). Both have been
trusted in protecting sensitive areas such as data centers, telecom facilities, museums, and
control rooms. However, they are very different in terms of chemistry, safety, and
environmental impact.
So, what exactly is the difference between Halon and FM-200?

1. Chemical Composition
●​Halon: Halon agents are halogenated hydrocarbons, most commonly Halon 1301
(CBrF₃) and Halon 1211 (CBrClF₂).​
●​FM-200: FM-200 is Heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea, C₃HF₇), a hydrofluorocarbon
introduced as a replacement for Halon.​

This difference in chemical structure plays a major role in their performance and environmental
effects.

54. 2. Mechanism of Fire Suppression
●​Halon: Extinguishes fire by interrupting the chemical chain reaction of combustion.​

●​FM-200: Extinguishes fire by absorbing heat and disrupting the chemical reaction at
the same time.​

Both agents work quickly, usually in under 10 seconds, but FM-200 is considered safer for
occupied areas.

3. Environmental Impact
●​Halon:​

○​Very harmful to the ozone layer.​

○​High ozone depletion potential (ODP).​

○​Production and new use were banned under the Montreal Protocol (1987).​

●​FM-200:​

○​Zero ozone depletion potential (ODP).​

○​Has global warming potential (GWP), but is far less harmful than Halon in terms
of ozone damage.​

○​Still allowed but being gradually phased down under HFC reduction agreements.​


4. Safety for Humans
●​Halon: Effective, but exposure to high concentrations can be toxic and dangerous for
humans.​
●​FM-200: Safe for occupied spaces when used within design concentrations. It does not
significantly lower oxygen levels, making it more suitable for areas where people may be
present.​

55. 5. Applications
●​Halon: Historically used in aircrafts, military facilities, and data centers. Today, it is
mostly restricted to critical uses like aviation and military, where no alternatives are
available.​
●​FM-200: Widely used in data centers, hospitals, telecom facilities, archives,
museums, and control rooms because it is clean, safe, and leaves no residue.​


6. Legal Status
●​Halon: New production is banned globally, though recycled Halon is still in limited use
for specific industries.​
●​FM-200: Still legal and widely used but subject to phase-down regulations due to its
greenhouse gas potential.​


7. Cost and Availability
●​Halon: Rare and expensive today because it is no longer produced. Only recycled
stocks are available.​
●​FM-200: Readily available, more affordable, and supported with full maintenance and
refilling services.​


Quick Comparison Table
Feature Halon (1301/1211) FM-200 (HFC-227ea)
Chemical Name Bromotrifluoromethane, etc. Heptafluoropropane
Ozone Impact Damages ozone layer Zero ODP
Human Safety Toxic at higher levels Safe in design limits

56. Legal Status Banned for new use Allowed, phased down
Residue Clean agent Clean agent
Common Use Today Aviation, military Data centers,
hospitals

✅ Final Answer: The main difference between Halon and FM-200 is that Halon damages the
ozone layer and has been banned for new production, while FM-200 is an environmentally
safer alternative with zero ozone depletion potential. FM-200 is widely used in data centers,
hospitals, and telecom sites, whereas Halon is restricted to aviation and military applications.

What is the difference between FM200 and
CO₂?
What is the Difference Between FM-200
and CO₂?
Fire suppression systems are essential for protecting lives, property, and critical infrastructure.
Among the most common clean agent systems are FM-200 (HFC-227ea) and CO₂ (Carbon
Dioxide). Both are highly effective but work in very different ways and are suitable for different
environments.
So, what is the difference between FM-200 and CO₂? Let’s break it down.

1. Chemical Composition
●​FM-200: The active chemical agent is Heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea, C₃HF₇), a
hydrofluorocarbon.​
●​CO₂: Uses pure Carbon Dioxide gas (CO₂), which is naturally occurring in the
environment.​

57. 2. Fire Suppression Mechanism
●​FM-200: Extinguishes fire by absorbing heat and disrupting the chemical chain
reaction of combustion. It does not reduce oxygen significantly, which makes it safe for
people in the room.​
●​CO₂: Extinguishes fire by displacing oxygen in the area, reducing the oxygen
concentration below the level needed to support combustion. This method is very
effective but dangerous for humans if they are present.​


3. Safety for Humans
●​FM-200: Safe for occupied areas when used within design concentration. People can
remain inside during discharge without serious health risks.​
●​CO₂: Not safe for occupied spaces. High concentrations can suffocate people because
oxygen is displaced. It is mainly used in unoccupied or restricted areas.​


4. Environmental Impact
●​FM-200:​

○​Zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP).​

○​Has Global Warming Potential (GWP) and a 31–36 year atmospheric lifetime.​

○​Currently being phased down in some regions but still widely in use.​

●​CO₂:​

○​Naturally occurring gas, does not harm the ozone layer.​

○​Considered more environmentally friendly compared to HFCs.​

58. 5. Applications
●​FM-200:​

○​Data centers and server rooms.​

○​Hospitals and laboratories.​

○​Telecommunication facilities.​

○​Museums, archives, and libraries.​

○​Industrial control rooms.​

●​CO₂:​

○​Power plants and engine rooms.​

○​Industrial machinery and turbine enclosures.​

○​Unoccupied chemical storage areas.​

○​Marine applications like engine compartments.​


6. Speed and Cleanliness
●​FM-200: Suppresses fires in under 10 seconds and leaves no residue. Ideal where
uptime and equipment safety are critical.​
●​CO₂: Also effective and residue-free, but discharge time can vary depending on system
design.​

7. Cost and Maintenance
●​FM-200: More expensive due to its chemical production and pressurized storage, but
commonly used in IT and sensitive environments.​
●​CO₂: Generally less costly compared to FM-200, but requires strict safety protocols.​

59. Quick Comparison Table
Feature FM-200 (HFC-227ea) CO₂ (Carbon Dioxide)
Suppression Method Absorbs heat, disrupts chain
reaction
Displaces oxygen
Human Safety Safe in occupied areas Dangerous in occupied areas
Residue None None
Environmental Impact Zero ODP, has GWP No ODP, naturally occurring
Typical Use Data centers, hospitals, museums Power plants, turbines,
storage
Cost Higher Moderate to lower

✅ Final Answer: The main difference between FM-200 and CO₂ is that FM-200 is safe for
humans in occupied spaces and works by absorbing heat, while CO₂ suppresses fire by
removing oxygen and is dangerous for people if discharged in occupied areas. FM-200 is
preferred in sensitive environments like data centers and hospitals, whereas CO₂ is better for
industrial and unoccupied facilities.
What is the full name of FM-200?
FM-200, also known as Heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea), is a modern fire suppression agent
used to protect sensitive areas like server rooms, data centers, and offices. Unlike traditional
systems, FM-200 is a clean agent, leaving no residue and causing no damage to electronic
equipment. This guide explains FM-200’s full name, chemical composition, working mechanism,
benefits, and installation process.
What is the Full Name of FM-200?​
FM-200’s full chemical name is 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane. It belongs to the class of
halocarbon fire suppression agents designed to quickly and safely control fires. FM-200 is
human-safe when used correctly and does not harm sensitive equipment.
How Does FM-200 Fire Suppression System Work?​
FM-200 suppresses fire by absorbing heat and disrupting the chemical reaction of combustion.
The gas spreads rapidly, reaching all corners of the protected area, extinguishing fire before it
can spread. Because it is a clean agent, it leaves no residue or corrosion, making it ideal for
electronics and valuable assets.
Benefits of FM-200 Fire Suppression System:

60. ●​Safe for People: Non-toxic in proper concentrations.​

●​Protects Equipment: Leaves no residue, preventing damage to electronics.​

●​Quick Response: Suppresses fire within seconds.​

●​Environmentally Friendly: A safer alternative to older halon systems.​

●​Easy Maintenance: Requires less frequent maintenance than water or foam systems.​

FM-200 Installation Process:​
Proper planning and installation are crucial for an effective FM-200 system. The system
includes a storage cylinder, piping network, nozzles, and detection devices. Certified technicians
should install the system to ensure gas coverage in every area.
FM-200 vs Other Fire Suppression Agents:​
Unlike water or foam, FM-200 does not damage equipment. Compared to older halon systems,
it is safer for the environment while providing fast and effective fire suppression. This makes it
an ideal choice for offices, data centers, and other sensitive areas.
Conclusion:​
FM-200 is a reliable and efficient fire suppression solution, particularly for areas where
electronics and valuable equipment need protection. If you are looking for modern, safe, and
effective fire safety solutions, FM-200 is an excellent choice.