Food sources.ppt FST Different food availability

Food sources availability

1. FSAT – 5101 Introduction to Food Science & Technology FOOD SOURCES

2. Food sources Plant origin Animal origin Sometimes fish separated and designated as seafood's

3. Foods Of Plant Origin G row in or on the soil: Fruits Vegetables Roots Tubers Cereals Legumes Nuts Oilseeds Spices Others

4. Source   Food group Examples         Plants     Cereals/grains Wheat, rice, maize, barley, bajra   Pulses/Legumes Beans, lentils, chickpea, black gram, cowpeas, ground nuts   Fruits Mango, orange, banana, guava   Vegetables Spinach, gourd, okra, turnips, potatoes, cauliflower, green peas   Sugar Sugar cane, sugar beet   Oils and fats Mustard, soybean, cotton seed oils   Spices Cumin, black pepper, cardamom       Animals     Animal meat Beef, mutton, game animals   Bird meat Poultry, duck, turkey, game birds   Fats Butter, ghee, tallow   Animal products Milk, yoghurt, cheese, eggs   Insect products Honey Marine       Fish Sardines, salmon   Crustaceans Lobsters, crabs, shrimps   Shellfish Oyster, clams

5. Numerous species of animals on Earth Only few lawful for Muslims Foods Of Animal Origin - all split-hoofed (hoof split into two toes) ruminant mammals Include cow, buffalo, camel, sheep, goat and similar animals Game animals such as deer also fall in this category

6. Among birds like hen, duck, turkey, quail Marine Animals - numerous species, live in sea or waters - all kinds of fish edible.

7. Food Supply In Pakistan Pakistan is basically an agricultural country Indus basin irrigation system input for cultivation Wheat staple food, grown all over country Most wheat produced in: Punjab Sindh Parts of KPK

8. Plant origin sources Variety of pulses grown in: South-eastern parts of KPK North and north-western Punjab Southern Punjab Parts of Sindh along Indus River belt

9. Major pulses Gram Mung Mash Lentils Oil seeds important sources of edible oil in Pakistan: Cottonseed Rapeseed / mustard Sunflower Canola

10. Sugarcane grown as cash crop Serves as major raw material for production of ' shakkar ', ' gur ' and white sugar Pakistan blessed with climate suitable for cultivation of large variety of fruits and vegetables Prominent fruits : Citrus, mango, apple, banana, apricot, almonds, grapes, guava, pear, peach, figs, plum, dates, strawberry and lychee etc.

11. Owing to climatic variations, different fruits grown in different provinces Kinnow and mangoes primarily grown in Punjab Grapes and apples in NWFP and Baluchistan Vegetables : Potato, carrot, brinjal, cauliflower, cabbage, turnip, gourds, pumpkins, radish, spinach, tomatoes, green peas, okra, cucumber, onion, garlic, ginger, others

12. Grown, especially near cities Some grown in greenhouses and available almost all year round Vegetables provide Vitamins, Mineral elements and Dietary fiber

13. Animal origin sources Buffaloes and cows major sources of milk Minor quantities obtained from goat, sheep and camel - normally do not enter the commerce Main source of animal protein Cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep and poultry Cattle and buffaloes raised primarily for milk Young male calves, old cows and buffaloes enter slaughterhouses

14. Sheep and goat reared for meat Broiler occupies market for poultry meat Indigenous species ( desi ) kept in small numbers at home, contribute to poultry meat Different breeds of layers raised for eggs Sold for meat purposes when uneconomical

15. Marine sources Pakistan rich in marine resources About 600 marine species, out of which 400 in sea and 200 in fresh waters Only about 40 of these of commercial significance The riverine areas of Sindh consist of about 1,60,000 hectares, largest source of fresh water fish

16. Marine fish caught from Arabian Sea Brought to Karachi, Gwador and other coastal cities Packed in ice and dispatched to inland cities or processed for export Exported as fresh, frozen, dried, salted or smoked