FORENSIC MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF MECHANICAL ASPHYXIA.pptx

Forensic medicine

1. Topic № 6 : Hypoxia . Strangulation asphyxia. Stages of asphyxia. Compression, obturation and aspiration asphyxia . Work out by instructor : Umurzakova Gauhar Islamovna

2. ASPHIXIA is a complex of acute disorders of vital systems of the body associated with insufficient oxygen supply to organs and tissues and excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide in them due to impaired external respiration, gas exchange between the body and the environment. (A.A. Matyshev 1998)

3. 1. Asphyxia from compression a. Strangulation (hanging, strangulation, strangulation by hands) b. compression (compression of the chest and abdomen) 2. Asphyxia from closure a. obstructive (closing the mouth and nose, closing the respiratory tract with foreign bodies) b. aspiration (aspiration of granular substances, liquids, gastric contents) in. Drowning ( asphyxial and aspiration types) 3. Asphyxia in a limited enclosed space. Hanging-60%; drowning-30%. CLASSIFICATION

4. SIGNS OF ASPHXIA Outdoor 1. Punctate hemorrhages in the connective membranes of the eyes; 2. cyanosis of the face; 3. spilled intense dark purple cadaveric spots; 4. involuntary urination, defecation, ejaculation or expulsion of the mucous plug from the cervical canal

5. Connective lining hemorrhages They can be multiple and single, often localized on transitional folds of the conjunctiva. With prolonged asphyxiation, hemorrhages can form in the skin of the eyelids, face, neck, upper chest, and on the mucous membrane of the mouth.

6. Cyanosis of the face An unstable sign and can disappear in the first hours after the onset of death as a result of blood draining into the lower lying parts of the corpse

7. Cadaveric spots Their intensity is associated with the liquid state of the blood and its light movement in the underlying body

8. INTERNAL SIGNS dark red liquid blood; Blood overflow in the right half of the heart; Plethora of internal organs; Anemia of the spleen; Subpleural and subepicardial minor hemorrhages. (tardier spots)

9. Т ardier spots Their size is small, the color is intensely dark red.

10. HANGING Hanging is the compression of the neck by a loop due to its tension under the influence of body weight or part of a person’s body. All loops are divided into hard, semi-rigid and soft. According to the device, protracted non-protracted Of the number of revolutions - single, double, triple, etc. Hanging can be complete and incomplete (complete - legs have no support, incomplete - the body is in a standing position, sitting, kneeling, lying)

11. A LOOP Running end Root end knot

12. Strangulation groove - a negative trace formed due to compression and sedimentation of the skin by a loop Morphological features: Localization and direction on the neck; The number of impressions, isolation, width, depth of the furrow, the shape and topography of the bottom;

13. Crushing mechanisms: 1. tightening the loop by pulling it to the sides when the victim is facing the front of the body to the attacker; 2. / - / when the victim is facing the rear surface of the body to the attacker; 3. the tension of the ends of the drawn loop back and up from the head; 4. tension of the non-tightening loop down to the side of the legs (lying position); 5. The tension of the loop on the neck under the influence of the weight of the subject attached to it. Loop stitch

14. Morphological feature - strangulation furrow

15. Hand choking The main, decisive factor in the genesis of the onset of death with strangulation by hands is compression of the carotid arteries, upper throat and vagus nerves. When the neck organs are compressed by hands, general asphyxical signs develop, which are observed during external and internal examination of the corpse.   Specific signs indicating choking by hands are multiple injuries in the form of lunate and longitudinal abrasions and bruises on the skin of the anterolateral surfaces of the neck.

16. Fragment of an ecchymotic mask on the face Compression of the chest and abdomen Compression point hemorrhages on the front chest and massive hematomas on the right shoulder, repeating the pattern of the contacting surface.

17. DROWNING CLASSIFICATION: 1. Aspiration 2. asphyxial ; 3. reflex; 4. mixed.

18. THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION !