Forensic Medicine and Forensic team , Forensic Experts

Forensic Medicine ppt includes
Definition of forensic Medicine
Forensic experts
Forensic team

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2. Subject Name: Forensic Medicine Courses : MLT, RIT, OTT Semester : 7

3. Forensic Medicine Dr Farah Mahmood

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5. Contents Forensic Medicine ( Introduction) Medical Jurisprudence Inquest Police Inquest Magistrate Inquest Courts Procedure of courts Consent of Medical Practice

6. Forensic Medicine It is a branch of medicine. Forensic word derive form latrine word forum. Forensic means Court law. “ Forensic Medicine is branch of medicine which deals with application of principles of medical knowledge to purposes of law and furthering of justice”.

7. Forensic Medicine

8. Forensic Team Forensic expert Forensic artist Pathologist Radiologist Odonatologist Chemical examiner

9. Forensic Team Psychiatrist Anatomist Pharmacologist

10. Medical jurisprudence Juris = Law, Prudence = Knowledege Jurisprudence can be define as “ Knowledge of Law in relation to Practice of medicine ”.

11. Medical jurisprudence It deals with legal aspect of practice of medicine like responsibilities of medical professional, Medical negligence, ethics, Duties. etiquette and. law negligence.

12. Inquest Is legal or judicial inquiry into cause of sudden death. Types of inquest The police Inquest The magistrate’s Inquest

13. Police inquest It is conducted by a police officer not below the rank of assistant sub inspector ( ASI). It is carried out to ascertain the cause of death. After receiving report from the scene of crime, he arrives there inspect the area, meets the people and investigate the case .

14. Police inquest If something is suspected the dead body sent for autopsy with requisition and punchnama . Autopsy report then sent to investigation officer.

15. The magistrate’s Inquest It is conducted by magistrate . A punchnama is forwarded to district Megistrate . It is held in case of ; Death in jail, police custody, police investigation and police firing. Death in mental hospital Admission in mental hospital Exhumation

16. Courts in Pakistan Court : Refers to all judges, magistrate and all persons except arbitrators, legally authorized to evidence.

17. Types of Courts Civil Court: It deals with civil cases ,and cases of violence of non cognizable nature. Criminal Court : These include Supreme court High court District Court Magistrate court

18. Supreme Court It is highest court of appeal. It supervises all the courts in Pakistan. Laws declared by this court are binding on all courts in pakistan

19. High Court It is mixed court , court of appeal and trial. It can pass any sentence authorized by law. When section 30 cpc magistrate passes sentence of imprisonment Exceeding for 4 years. It is located in each capital of province.

20. District Court These are district session judges and additional session judge court. These can give any punishment , which can be confirmed from high court.

21. Magistrate Court It is Court of trial. It can impose fine or punishment. Class 1 Magistrate: can pass sentence not more than 3 years and fine not more than 15000. Class 2 Magistrate : can pass sentence not more than one year and fine not more than 5000. Class 3 Magistrate: can pass sentence not more than one month and fine not more than 1000.

22. Magistrate Court Section 30 Magistrate : can pass sentence not more than 3 years anf fine not limited. Juvenile Magistrate : These are usually ladies and tries juvenile offenders ( age below 15 years).

23. Procedure in Court Summon it is written order issued by courtsigned and stamped, requiring the person named there is to attend court at certain time and place. Its purpose is for giving evidence or any document To appear in case in which person has been accused of offence.

24. Steps Conduct of money Oath /affidavit Examination in chief Cross examination Re examination Court quetions

25. Consent in medical practice Consent: It is an involuntary agreement or permission for medical treatment. Provision of treatment is an implied contract between patient and doctor there is no specific law for it. Patient is at liberty to choose any doctor and doctor is also at liberty to accept or refuse any patient.

26. Consent in medical practice There exists a duty to obtain prior consent (with respect to living patients) for the purpose of diagnosis, treatment, organ transplant, research purposes, disclosure of medical records, and teaching and medico-legal purposes. With respect to the dead with regard to pathological autopsy, organ transplant (for legal heirs), and for disclosure of medical record, it is important that prior informed consent of the patient, or relative is obtained after death.

27. Consent in medical practice Once accepted the implied contract continues till the Patient cures Doctor refers the patient to any specialist for any better treatment Patient rejects the doctor Death of patient occur Death of doctor occurs

28. Nature of consent Consent should be freely and fully given. Without Fear Without Threat There should be reasonable time, between consent and treatment.

29. Types of Consent Informed Consent Advanced Consent Expressed Consent Surogate Consent Implied Consent

30. INFORMED CONSENT It is defined as voluntary acceptance after full understanding, by a competent patient of a plan for medical care after physician adequately discloses the proposed plan, its risks and benefits, and alternative approaches. The decision-making capacity is free from coercion or manipulation by the patient/doctor

31. COMPONENTS : Informed consent must contain four vital components Mental capacity of the patient to enter into a contract (This also includes his ability to understand information given) Complete Information to be provided by doctor. Voluntary acceptance of the procedure by the patient . should be person and the procedure specific .

32. EXPRESSED CONSENT It may be oral or in writing. Though both these categories of consents are of equal value, written consent can be considered as superior because of its evidential value.

33. EXPRESSED CONSENT Oral: Oral consent should be taken in the presence of uninterested third party Mainly in cases where intimate examination of female is required. Tests necessitating removal of body fluids, radiological examination can be done after securing oral consent.

34. EXPRESSED CONSENT Written: It is advisable to take written consent in the presence of disinterested third party (this third party is only to attest the signature of the patient). Consent should be taken in the patients own language. Written consent is mandatory in every invasive diagnostic/ therapeutic procedures or any medico legal examination.

35. IMPLIED CONSENT Implied consent may be implied by patient's conduct. So it is basically the conduct of the patient when he comes to the doctor for examination / treatment. Doctor should remember that this is only for routine examination as well as treatment.

36. SURROGATE CONSENT This consent is given by family members for minors or dead. Generally , courts have held that consent of family members with the written approval of 2 physicians sufficiently protects a patient's interest.

37. Advance Consent It is the consent given by patient in advance before death . PROXY CONSENT : It indicates consent given by an authorized person before or after death. If an unconscious patient brought by police from road and operation essential to save life 2 or 3 doctors to give consent by signing on consent form, preferably along with police.

38. References Handbook of forensic medicine &toxicology zahid Bulandshehri .

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