Formal garden teksingh Chandravanshi

Landscaping formal garden

1. INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDALAYA Assignment on Layout of formal gardens, Its type and feature Course name – Landscaping Course code – AHFL - 5311 Course credit – 3 (2+1) Session – 2022 - 23 SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY Dr. Lav Kumar Sahu Teksingh Chandravanshi ( Dept. of Horticultur ) ID - 20200085 B.Sc.(Ag.) 3 rd year 1 st sem. S.K . COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE & RESEARCH STATION KAWARDHA (C.G)

2. Contants :- Definition History of formal garden Planning the Layout Major Features of formal garden Type of formal garden References

3. Definition A formal garden is a garden with a clear structure, geometric shapes and in most cases a symmetrical layout. Its origin goes back to the gardens which are located in the desert areas of Western Asia and are protected by walls.

4. Symmetrical design - or symmetrical balance, is a concept where both sides of something mirror one another. If you cut a symmetrical design in half, one side would be identical to the other side. When you create symmetrical art, all areas attract an equal amount of attention. Types of graphics that use symmetrical design include: geometric shapes - are square, rectangle, circle, cylinder, etc. A polygon is a geometric shape with 3 or more sides. Some of the common polygons are triangle, square, rhombus, trapezium, etc

5. History and inspiration of Formal Garden This classic style of gardening originated in Persia, and the courtyard gardens of the Islamic tradition, the Mughal gardens of Asia. Formal gardens may also draw inspiration from highly structured Oriental gardens that date back over 3,000 years. Unlike European classical gardens, the Oriental formal garden may or may not have a strong structure. Many of today's formal gardens were inspired from European gardens of the 17th and 18th centuries. These European gardens were inspired by the gardens of ancient Greece and Rome. Strongly defined proportions and scale of architecture was reflected in the formal gardens through symmetrical design of the surrounding gardens.

6. Planning the Layout The layout should ideally be plotted on paper with exact measurements since it has to be carried to the site for actual execution. For the main geometrical shape, choose a circle, square, or rectangle. Stretching strings across stakes fixed in the ground can help you plot the straight lines from the plan on the ground. Symmetry is an important aspect of any formal garden, so the areas falling on either side of the main axis should be planned as mirror images. If the garden is intended for entertaining guests, plan on incorporating large open areas and seating arrangements into your plan. Wrought iron garden furniture complements a formal garden quite nicely.

7. Major Features of formal garden The following features are hallmarks for this style of garden Pathways   - The main path runs along the main axis and defines the bilateral symmetry of the garden. Other smaller pathways can branch off from it. They can be graveled or paved, and are typically lined with low hedges .

8. Focal point   - Placed either in the middle or at one end of the garden, a water feature, an interesting statue, a modern sculpture, or a large tree can serve as a focal point. Water feature   - While a water feature isn't completely necessary, it's definitely welcome. Consider adding a pool with fountans ,  a canal running right along the main path or even a large bird bath.

9. Vertical interest  - Create vertical interest by adding topiaries, trees trained as standards or planted in a straight line, and stone or concrete pillars with decorative planters or large urns. Just be sure to use these features sparingly to avoid clutter. Greenery - Greenery, typically in the form of clipped hedges, topiary and lawns, is the backbone of a formal garden.

10. . A well-manicured look is extremely important. Keep the lawn mowed and the hedges trimmed perfectly. Easy-to-shape bushes and specimens that have naturally neat shapes are preferred. Using low-maintenance xerophytes (plants that can withstand droughts) is a new and welcome trend in formal gardens. Greenery

11. Color - Formal gardens use a limited color palette. Annual and perennial beds can be laid out in geometrical shapes in the middle of lawns, or they can be incorporated as one-foot-wide beds along the hedges. They should be planted close together for a neat look. Use only two or three harmonious colors at a time. You may also want to include a few trees as accents that offer seasonal color.

12. Plant Suggestions :- The following plants all work wonderfully in a formal garden. Hedges and Topiary : - Yew, boxwood, rosemary, arborvitae, and privet. Bushes:  - Thuja , junipers, ficus , brunfelsia , and pencil cypress Trees:-  Crabapple, cherry,dogwood , and fan palms. Annuals:-  Marigolds, tulips, salvias, calendulas, begonias, and asters. Perennials:-   Hydrangea, nepeta , lavender, echinacea , and daffodils

13. TYPES OF FORMAL GARDEN 1. MUGAL GARDEN 2. PARSION GARDEN 3. ITALIAN GARDEN 4. FRENCH GARDEN 5. ENGLISH GARDEN 6. JAPANESE GARDEN 1. MUGAL GARDEN - Mughal gardens are a type of gardens built by the Mughals . This style was influenced by the Persian gardens particularly the Charbagh structure, which is intended to create a representation of an earthly utopia in which humans co-exist in perfect harmony with all elements of nature

14. 2. PARSION GARDEN - he tradition and style of garden design represented by Persian gardens or Iranian gardens, an example of the paradise garden, has influenced the design of gardens from Andalusia to India and beyond. Main features are: 1) Based on idea of heaven 2) Strictly formal and symmetrical 3) Beautiful architectural work 4) Laid out after cutting terrace 3. ITALIAN GARDEN - The Italian garden is best known for a number of large Italian Renaissance gardens which have survived in something like their original form

15. Main features are: Came into existence at the time of renaissance. 2) Resemble Mughal or Persian gardens. 3) Fountain, water canal box, hedge, topiary, arbors. 4. FRENCH GARDEN - T he French formal garden, also called the jardin à la française , is a style of garden based on symmetry and the principle of imposing order on nature. Main features are: 1) Formal garden in perfection 2) Un exampled scale of mass and sweep of designs.

16. 5. ENGLISH GARDEN - The English landscape garden, also called English landscape park or simply the English garden, is a style of "landscape" garden which emerged in England in the early 18th century, and spread across. Main features of English garden: Flower beds 2. Lawn 3. Herbaceous border 4. Rockery 5. Shrubbery 6. Topiary 7. Artificial water fall 8. Terraces

17. 6. JAPANESE GARDEN - Japanese gardens are traditional gardens whose designs are accompanied by Japanese aesthetics and philosophical ideas, avoid artificial ornamentation, and highlight the natural landscape

18. References 1. Christina Waldeyer :  Homo hortulanus . Die Sinnzuschreibungen in privaten Hausgartengestaltungen .  Springer, Wiesbaden 2016,   ISBN   978-3-658-13453-2 , S. 185. ^  H. Simon et al.:  Das große GU Gartenbuch .  2016, p. 121. ^  H. Simon:  Gärten gestalten .  2013, p. 22. ^  Jump up to: a   b   deavita.com , accessed on September 13, 2016. ^  Jump up to: a   b   Formaler Garten  on wohnen.de   Archived  2016-09-16 at the  Wayback Machine , accessed on September 13, 2016. ^  Jump up to: a   b  H. Simon et al.:  Das große GU Gartenbuch .  2016, p. 132.