Formulation of eye lotions

Industrial pharmacy

1. MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY DEPT. OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES Assignment of Industrial Pharmacy on : Formulation of eye lotions

2. introduction Ophthalmic preparations (eye preparations) are sterile, liquid, semisolid, or solid preparations that may contain one or more active pharmaceutical ingredient(s) intended for application to the conjunctiva, the conjunctival sac or the eyelids. The most commonly employed ophthalmic dosage forms are solutions, suspensions, and ointments. But these preparations when instilled into the eye are rapidly drained away from the ocular cavity due to tear flow and lachrymal nasal drainage. The newest dosage forms for ophthalmic drug delivery are: gels, gel-forming solutions, ocular inserts, intravitreal injections and implants.

3. Types Of opthalmic preprations 1.Eye drpos 2.Eye ointments 3.Eye lotions Eye drops- Eye drops are sterile water and oily solutions, emulsions, or suspensions of one or more active ingredients meant for instillation into eye with suitable dropper.

4. Eye ointment – Ophthalmic ointments are sterile, greasy, semi-solid preparations that are applied to the conjunctiva or the eyelids. The drug enters the eye through the cornea by simple diffusion. For ex- soft paraffin, liquid paraffin and wool fat. Eye lotions – Eye lotions are sterile aqueous solutions applied to an eye bath for washing of the eyes. The large volume of fluid to flow quickly over the eye.

5. Criteria for Selection of a Drug for Ophthalmic Use 1. The drug must be bio-chemically and pharmacologically potent. 2. The drug must be non toxic to both ocular and systemic tissues. 3. The drug must be sufficiently stable that neither significant loss in potency from diminished availability nor little increase in toxicity from byproducts of degradation arises. 4. The drug can be either targetable to tissues and location of primary disease state etiology or to sites responsible for symptomatic response. 5. The drug must be sufficiently compatible with the dosage form, and with the tissues exposed to it, to achieve an effective pharmaco-kinetic tissue profile

6. Eye Lotions Eye lotion are the sterile aqueous solutions used for washing of the eyes.
The eye lotions are supplied in concentrated form and are required to be diluted with warm water immediately before use.
They are usually applied with a clean eye-bath or sterilized fabric dressing and a large volume of solutions is allowed to flow quickly over the eye. Eye lotions should be isotonic and free from foreign particles to avoid irritation to the eye.
They are required to be prepared fresh and should not be stored for more than two days as the lotion may get contaminated.

7. Formulation of eye lotion Eye lotions are simple solution. They are iso-osmotic with tears because they cause much greater dilution of the lachrymal fluid and hence are more likely to cause discomfort if not adjusted.
The eye lotion should be sterile because the large volume is used to irritation from the eye.
While removing the irritation from the eye, it become more susceptible to infection. The eye lotions are sterilized by autoclaving or by passing through bacteria proof filters.
Sodium chloride eye lotion and sodium bicarbonate eye lotion are commonly used to remove foreign substance from the eye.

8. Method of preparation To prepare and submit 1000 ml of sodium chloride eye lotion B.P.C Sodium chloride – 9gm Purified water to produce - 1000ml Procedure – Dissolve sodium chloride in purified water and Made the final volume by adding more of purified water. Filter through sintered glass filter grade 4.

9. 4. The eye lotion is transfer to the bottle. 5. Close and sealed the bottle. 6. Sterilize it by autoclaving. Container – Amber coloured screw capped fluted bottles are used to pack eye lotion. The container is labelled “For external use only”.

10. References :- https://www.slideshare.net/shubhrajit/opthalmic-preparation A textbook of Industrial pharmacy, Pvee Prakashan pg no. 170-177. A textbook of Industrial pharmacy, Nirali Prakashan pg no. 6.1 . https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4289909/