FP- Counseling.pptxpower point preswntaftuio

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1. 1 By: Mulualem S .(MSc) COUNSELING

2. Objective By the end of this module, you will be able to: Define informed & voluntary decision making List the elements that support IVDM Explain how providers’ beliefs and attitudes can affect their interactions with clients Define Counseling Discuss affect the client-provider interaction during counseling Identify different categories of FP clients 2

3. Supporting Clients’ Informed & Voluntary Decision Making 3

4. Informed & voluntary decisions The process by which an individual arrives at a decision about health care, based on options, information, and understanding 4

5. ELEMENTS THAT SUPPORT IVDM Service options are available. Decisions are made without coercion. People have appropriate information. Sexual and reproductive rights are respected at the community and program levels. Good client-provider interaction ensured. 5

6. What are benefits of informed & voluntary decision making in FP ? Better use of methods - greater effectiveness Higher continuation rate More satisfied clients There will be good program promoters 6

7. PRINCIPLES OF GOOD CLIENT-PROVIDER INTERACTION Create an atmosphere of privacy, respect, and trust. Tailor the interaction to the individual client’s needs, circumstances, and concerns Interact; elicit the client’s active participation Avoid information overload Provide the client’s preferred method or address the client’s primary concern (for other SRH issues) 7

8. PRINCIPLES OF GOOD CLIENT-PROVIDER INTERACTION… 8 Engage in two-way communication with the client. Use and provide memory aids Ensure confidentiality. Remain nonjudgmental about values, behaviors, and decisions that differ from your own. Show empathy for the client’s needs.

9. 9 Demonstrate comfort in addressing sexual and gender issues. Remain tolerant with the client during the interaction and express interest. Provide reliable and factual information tailored to the needs of the client. Support the client’s rights to sexual and reproductive health. PRINCIPLES OF GOOD CLIENT-PROVIDER INTERACTION…

10. Brainstorming Questions What is counseling? Why do we do counseling? How does counseling help clients? What factors affect counseling 10

11. Counseling Counseling is a type of client-provider interaction that involves two-way communication b/n a health care staff member & a client for the purpose of confirming or facilitating a decision by the client or helping the client address problems or concerns. 11

12. Counseling… Importance of counseling It ensures clients’ right to informed and voluntary decision making. It is an essential element of quality FP services. It is a key determinant of the adoption and continuation of family planning. 12

13. Counseling… When providing counseling, HCWs Are responsible for: Helping clients to assess their own needs for services, information, and emotional support Providing information appropriate to clients’ identified problems and needs Assisting clients in making their own voluntary and informed decisions by helping them weigh the options 13

14. Counseling… Helping clients explore possible barriers to the implementation of their decisions and helping them develop the strategies and skills to overcome those barriers, and carry out their decisions Answering questions and addressing concerns, and making sure the clients understand all the information they have received 14

15. Effects of poor counseling Effect Possible Outcomes Incorrect method use Unwanted pregnancy Not counseled for side effect Dissatisfaction / Discontinuation Failure to recognize serious warning signs Health risk Does not suit - dissatisfaction with method . Drop out . Poor word of-mouth . Low utilization 15

16. What does effective counseling do to clients? Effective counseling:- Enables clients to choose a method that suits their needs Enables clients to use their chosen method correctly Enables the client to continue using a FP method with satisfaction Informs and prepares clients for side effects 16

17. Providers’ Beliefs & attitudes 17

18. Beliefs & Attitudes What is belief means ? What is Attitude ? How our beliefs influence our attitudes ? 18

19. Beliefs & Attitudes… Definitions: Beliefs are concepts and ideas that are accepted and thought to be true. Attitude is the way we think about and act toward particular people or ideas. 19

20. Beliefs & Attitudes… Our beliefs shape our attitudes. While we communicate our beliefs and attitudes (both verbally and nonverbally) is an important part of our interactions with clients. Everyone has a right to his or her own beliefs. However, as health care providers, it is expected/ responsible to provide health care in a respectful and nonjudgmental manner. 20

21. Ensuring optimal communication 21

22. Good communication Skills Communication skills are used in all phases of counseling to build trust and a positive environment between the client and the provider. Skills such as asking questions, active listening and paraphrasing are key to properly exploring the reason for client’s visit, and the context (factors) in which the client makes decisions. 22

23. Good communication Skills… Affirmative words during communication: Respect, Praise Encouragement Paraphrasing 23

24. Praise and Encouragement Praise - Is the expression of recognition, approval, and admiration. Encouragement - Is the provision of support, courage, confidence, &hope. 24

25. THREE ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION The following three key components of communication have been shown to Have varying degrees of impact on the person(s) with whom you are interacting: Body Language = 55% Tone of Voice = 38% Actual Words = 7% 25

26. Communication Techniques Verbal communications Non-verbal communications Positive non-verbal Negative non-verbal Asking questions Open ended questions Closed ended questions 26

27. Purpose of asking questions during counseling? To elicit information about the client’s circumstances, health status, and FP needs and knowledge To establish a good relationship by showing concern and interest To determine what educational /language level will be most easily understood by the client 27

28. To explore the reason(s) for client’s visit, the client's circumstances, past history/experience, current situation and future plans To prioritize key issues to target during the counseling session To learn what the client already knows and avoid repeating such information To identify areas of misinformation that need to be corrected Purpose of asking questions during counseling? 28

29. Active listening 29 Active listening is a primary tool for showing respect and establishing rapport with clients. Active listening is also a key communication skill for counseling. It is important for most efficiently determining what the client needs, what the client’s real concerns are, and what the client already knows about his or her situation and options.

30. Tips for Active Listening 30 Establish and maintain eye contact. Demonstrate interest by nodding, leaning toward the client, and smiling. Sit comfortably and avoid distracting movements. Pay attention to the client Listen to the client carefully.

31. Tips for Active Listening… 31 Listen both to what your clients say and to how they say it, and make note of tone of voice, choice of words, facial expressions, and gestures. Imagine yourself in your client’s situation as you listen. Encourage the client to ask questions. Encourage the client to continue talking by using expressions like “yes,” “hmm,” and “and then what?” Repeat what the client has said.

32. PARAPHRASING Paraphrasing means restating the client’s message simply and in your own words. 32

33. Purposes of paraphrasing Make sure you correctly understand the client Lets the client know that you are trying to understand what he or she is saying Clarify what client is saying 33

34. CHALLENGING IN COUNSELING • Client becomes silent • Client cries • Client refuses help • Client feels not important • Client is uncomfortable with the provider 34

35. CHALLENGING IN COUNSELING… • Client accuses the provider • Provider believes that there is no solution to the problem the client has come for • Provider makes mistake(s) • Provider doesn’t know the answer to the client’s question • Provider has short of time 35

36. Who Are Our Clients? 36

37. Who Are Our Clients? Categorized depending on: CLIENTS BY REASON FOR VISIT CLIENTS BY FERTILITY PLAN CLIENTS BY POPULATION GROUP CLIENTS BY TIMING OF LAST PREGNANCY 37

38. References 15-Mar-24 Depo 38 WHO. Family Planning. A global handbook for providers, 2022. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health. National Guideline for Family Planning Services i n Ethiopia, 2018.

39. 39 Thank you