JavaScript Essentials Variables: Use let , const or var to declare variables. let and const are block-scoped, while var is function-scoped. Data Types: JavaScript has various data types, including numbers, strings, booleans , arrays, objects, and more. Operators: Arithmetic operators (+, -, *, /, %) Comparison operators (==, ===, !=, !==, >, <, >=, <=) Logical operators (&&, ||, !) Assignment operators (=, +=, -=, *=, /=) Conditional Statements: if , else if , and else for decision-making. The switch statement for multiple branching.