Frontiers of Medical Microbiology

Frontiers of Medical Microbiology

1. Frontiers of Medical Microbiology Dr. P. Saranraj Head Department of Microbiology Sacred Heart College (Autonomous) Tirupattur E.mail : [email protected]

2. Microbiology is the study of large and diverse group of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, virus and protozoa). Medical microbiology is a branch of medical science concerned with the Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of infectious diseases . This presentation deals with the major Pioneers of Medical Microbiology field. Medical Microbiology

3. LOUIS PASTEUR

4. Chemistry Professor, France. Father of Modern Microbiology. Disproved “Spontaneous Theory”. Proposed “Germ Theory of Disease”. Demonstrated the term “Virulence” (Ability of microbes to cause disease). Introduced the term “Attenuation” (Reduction of Virulence by prolonged cultivation). Discovered the Protozoa ( Nosema bombycis ) causing Pebrine Disease in Silk worm. LOUIS PASTEUR

5. Developed Chicken Cholera Vaccine, Anthrax Vaccine Rabies Vaccine. Used Cotton Plugging to prevent the culture from Air borne microorganisms. LOUIS PASTEUR

6. ROBERT KOCH

7. Germany Doctor. Father of Medical Microbiology Father of Bacteriology Verified “Germ Theory of Disease” Discovered the relationship between Anthrax and Bacillus anthracis . Announced that Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause Tuberculosis. ROBERT KOCH

8. Discovered that bacteria causing diseases like Cholera ( Vibrio cholerae ) and Typhoid ( Salmonella typhi ). Introduced the used of Petriplates and Agar for culturing microbes. Introduced Steam sterilization by Autoclave. Introduced Bacterial Staining Techniques. Introduced the use of Laboratory animals for experiments. ROBERT KOCH

9. JOSEPH LISTER

10. British Surgeon. Father of Antiseptic Surgery and Modern Surgery. Discovered that Carbolic acid (Phenol) to disinfect the surgical equipments and dressings leads the reduction of post-operational deaths/infections JOSEPH LISTER

11. ALEXANDER FLEMING

12. Found the antimicrobial activity of Lysozymes present in Saliva and Tears. Discovered the first Antibiotic Penicillin. ALEXANDER FLEMING

13. SELMAN A. WAKSMAN

14. American Microbiologist Identified the soil Actinobacteria Streptomyces griseus and discovered the Second antibiotic Streptomycin. Coined the term “Antibiotics” Discovered nearly 20 Antibiotics like Streptomycin, Actinomycin and Neomycin. SELMAN A. WAKSMAN

15. PAUL EHRLICH

16. German Physician Coined the term “Chemotherapy” Introduced an Arsenic containing chemical called Arsphenamine ( Salvarsan ) (also called Magic Bullet) to treat Syphilis. PAUL EHRLICH