Fundamental in Criminal Investigation (2).pptx

Law Enforcement

1. Fundamentals of Criminal Investigation CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) and INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE (IOBC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

2. BACKGROUND/MOTIVATION This subject was culled from the PNP Criminal Investigation Manual (2011) and the Field Manual on Investigation of Crimes of Violence and other crimes which aims to provide the Investigator and Case Manager a ready reference , and to keep them abreast with the principles and procedures. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

3. DEFINITION OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION Criminal Investigation – the collection of facts in order to accomplish the three-fold aims: to identify the guilty party to locate the guilty party to provide evidence of his (suspect) guilt. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

4. CARDINAL POINTS OF INVESTIGATION Who What When Where Why How CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

5. THE ANATOMY OF CRIME INSTRUMENTALITY OPPORTUNITY MOTIVE CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

6. THE ANATOMY OF CRIME Motive Instrumentality Opportunity CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

7. REASONS WHY CRIME SHOULD BE INVESTIGATED Future deterrence of offenders Deterrence to others Community safety Protection of the innocent CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

8. TYPES OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION Custodial Investigation Is a questioning initiated by law enforcement officers after a person has been taken into custody or deprived of his freedom of action in any significant way. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

9. TYPES OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION Custodial Investigation Investigation while the suspect is under arrest and detention. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

10. TYPES OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION 2. Investigation while the suspect is “at large” not under arrest and detention, as distinguished from: “ fugitive from justice” CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

11. POLICE OPERATION vs POLICE INVESTIGATION The Police Operation occurs before the fact of the incident happens while Police Investigation happens after the fact of the incident. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

12. THE GOLDEN HOUR Initial Phase of Investigation The first 72 hours (“Golden Hour”) of a major case such as murder or kidnapping/abduction investigation (crimes of violence investigation) is crucial. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

13. THE GOLDEN HOUR The Scene of Crime Operation (SOCO) specialists of the Crime Laboratory shall be requested in cases where the crime scene needs special processing due to its significance or because of its sensational nature. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

14. THE GOLDEN HOUR The investigator-on-case must, however, remain at all times responsible for and in-charge of the crime scene and shall always be present during the whole SOCO operations. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation

15. Duties of the First Responder Proceed to the crime scene to validate the information received; b. Record the exact time of arrival and all pertinent data regarding the incident in his issued pocket notebook and notify the TOC; c. Cordon off the area and secure the crime scene with a police line or whatever material to preserve its integrity; CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation PROTOCOLS IN INVESTIGATION

16. Duties of the First Responder Check whether the situation still poses imminent danger and call for back up if necessary; e. Identify possible witnesses and conduct preliminary interview and ensure their availability for the incoming investigator-on-case; f. Arrest the suspect/s if around or in instances wherein the suspect/s is fleeing, make appropriate notification for dragnet operations CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation PROTOCOLS IN INVESTIGATION

17. Duties of the First Responder . Prepare to take the “Dying Declaration” of severely injured persons; . Evacuate the wounded to the nearest hospital using emergency services; CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation PROTOCOLS IN INVESTIGATION

18. Investigation of Suspects Procedures when arrest is made Secure the person arrested (handcuff at the back). Inform the arrested person on the cause of his arrest and his rights as provided for in the Constitution. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation PROTOCOLS IN INVESTIGATION

19. Investigation of Suspects 1. Procedures when arrest is made a. Conduct thorough search for weapons and other illegal materials against the suspect/s. b. Use reasonable force in making arrest. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation PROTOCOLS IN INVESTIGATION

20. Investigation Suspects Booking procedures of the Arrested Person/Suspect Arrested suspect shall be fingerprinted, photographed and subjected to medical examination to include liquor and drug tests. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation PROTOCOLS IN INVESTIGATION

21. Protocol 6: Investigation Suspects Booking procedures of the Arrested Person/Suspect Conduct record check. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation PROTOCOLS IN INVESTIGATION

22. Taking of Sworn Statement/s of the Witnesses Sworn Statement or Affidavit of complainant/s and witness/ es must be taken immediately by the investigator-on-case. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation PROTOCOLS IN INVESTIGATION

23. Preparation of Reports and Filling of Charges Investigator-On-Case shall submit the following: • Spot Report • Progress Report • After Operation Report Investigation Report CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation PROTOCOLS IN INVESTIGATION

24. Preparation of Case Investigation Plan (CIPLAN) The conduct of police operation involving sensational cases, high profile and heinous crimes must be covered by Case Investigation Plan. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation PROTOCOLS IN INVESTIGATION

25. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION COURSE (CIC) Lesson 3.1 – Introduction to Criminal Investigation END OF PRESENTATION