Fundamental rights

Presentation on Fundamental Rights for the benefit of law students, based on provisions of Human Rights Law and Constitution of India

1. Fundamental Rights Made by- Ishita Srivastava

2. Definition Fundamental Rights are essential human rights that are offered to every citizen irrespective of caste, race, creed, place of birth, religion or gender. These are equal to freedoms and these rights are essential for personal good and the society at large.

3. Six Fundamental Rights Right to Equality Right to Freedom Right to Freedom from Exploitation Right to Freedom of Religion Cultural and Educational Rights Right to Constitutional Remedies

4. Right to Equality Art 14 Equality before law. Art 15 Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth. Art 16 Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment. Art 17 Abolition of Untouchability . Art 18 Abolition of titles. Maneka Gandhi v. UOI, AIR 1978 SC, 567

5. Right to Freedom Art 19 Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech etc. Art 20 Protection in respect of conviction for offences. Art 21 Protection of life and personal liberty. Art 22 Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases. Indian Express Newspaper v. UOI, 1985 SC 641

6. Right against Exploitation Art. 23 Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labor. Art. 24 Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc. M.C. Mehta v. State of Tamil Nadu and ors . AIR 1997 SC 699

7. Right to Freedom of Religion Art. 25 Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion. Art. 26 Freedom to manage religious affairs. Art. 27 Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion. Art. 28 Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions. Mohd . Hanif Quareshi v. State of Bihar, AIR 1958 SC 731

8. Cultural and Educational Rights Art 29 Protection of interest of Minorities . Art 30 Right of minorities to established and administered educational institution. Azeez Basha v. Union of India

9. Right to Constitutional Remedies Art 32 Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this part. Art 33 Power of parliament to modify the rights conferred by this part in their application to forces etc. Art 34 Restriction on rights to conferred by this part while martial law is in force in any area. Art 35 Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this part.

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