Fungal disease of wheat and it's management

FUNGAL disease of wheat

1. 🌿 ANJALI PRIYDARSHNI CLASS: SEM-IV M.SC BOTANY (HONS.) UNIVERSITY ROLL:2320591010003 REG. NO. :192052511101002 SESSION: 2022-24 College of Commerce Arts and Scienc e, Patna Department of Botany Wheat and it’s fungal disease

2. Contents:- 1. History of wheat 2. Introduction 3. Species of wheat 4. Cultivation of wheat 5. Major Fungal Disease of 🌾 wheat

3. History of wheat :- They are considered a gift of Ceres Location:- cereal grains crop from Levant Range ( modern Iraq, Syria,Jordon , Lebanon and some part of modern turkey ) where cultivation is reported 9600 yr back. Origin- 130 million years ago in South West Asia 🌏.

4. WHEAT: “KING OF CEREAL CROP” Family: Poaceae ( Gramineae ) Botanical Name: Triticum aestivum . Vernacular Name: Gehu # distribution staple crop of the temperate region of world . In world - India,Russia , USA, China, Turkey , Italy etc. .In India- Bihar ,UP ,MP, Punjab ,Haryana etc .In Bihar –in all three agro climatic zones

5. Species of wheat:- Wheat belong to Genus – Triticum with 18 species. There are 3 types of species found in 🌾 wheat. 1. Diploid species (2n=14) – T. Monococcum (Einkorn wheat) Only one genome is present which come from one gene such as AA 2.Tetraploid sp. (2n=28) - T.durum ( macroni wheat/ katiya gehu ) , have 2 different gene- AABB T.durum – cultivated 12 % area in India. - used in suji , Dalia,pasta ,macaroni , Bati Dicoccon -Emmer wheat - in 1% area in South India for preparing uppama -maximum cultivation is seen in Russia and Germany 3.Hexaploid sp. (2n=42) - T.aestivum - 87% area ; T.vulgare . . - common bread 🍞 wheat. - Poulard wheat - mexican dwarf wheat . -English wheat (USA) - T.spherococcum – indian dwarf wheat

6. Wheat cultivation It is Rabi crop . It is grown in month of October and harvested in month of March and April Soil- wheat is grown in variety of soil from light to heavy soil.well drained and moderately black soil having pH 5.5-7. Alluvial/Loamy/sandy/ laom soil have good water retention capacity and drainage is suitable for its cultivation. Climate -> Temperate and sub – tropical region Improved variety- kalyan sona , sarbati sonara , sonalika , Meera , moti .

7. Major