Furan Testing of Transformers Oil

Furan Testing of Transformers Oil in TNEB Chennai (R&D Lab) Report.

1. FURAN ANALYSES IN TRANSFORMER PRESENTED BY: Nitish Kumar, Nutan Chandra, Muna Kumar, Subhajit Bhandari . Guided By: Er. A Kannan Dr. M.G.R. University EEE Department

2. SCOPE Analysis the 2-furtural and related furan compounds during cellulosic insulation in mineral insulating oil samples. analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPCL) furan derivatives are extracted from the oil by use of a extraction method such as liquid-liquid extraction (method A) or solid-phase separation on silica cartridge (method B).

3. ABSTRACT: To determine of the life of Transformer and the condition of Insulating Component furan test conduct. To Study the effect of oil reconditioning and oil replacement on the furan values. To Study the relationship between carbon die - oxide and furan compounds in power Transformers.

4. Introduction: The insulating system of a transformer consist of both paper and oil. A transformer reaches the end of its life when its insulation system totally lost its dielectric properties. Moisture is introduce into the system, and particle accumulate in the oil. As the paper insulation ages, tensile strength decreases, making the unit susceptible to winding failure during mechanical stresses such as vibration, through faults and short circuit. Degradation of cellulosic materials produces CO and CO2 gases. These gases dissolve in oil, by extracting these gases and analyzing them, the paper insulation degradation can be assessed.

5. Construction of Transformer Definition of Transformer: Electrical Power Transformer is a static device which  transforms power from on circuit to another without changing its frequency but may be in different voltage level . Industrial transformer parts: Frame, enclosure, tank De-energized tap changer Dual-voltage switch Windings Core Control relays Cooling fans Pressure-relief Valve Air terminal chambers Nameplate or label

6. Production of Transformer oil Transformer oil is hydrocarbon product, mainly oil contains napthanic, parrafinic and aromatics. crude oil which is buried from earth crust. Clay treatment process on TOBS will give us the finished transformer oil. After the hot filtration operation transformer oil is ready for filling the transformers.

7. Types of Transformer Oil Generally there are two  types of Transformer Oil  used in transformer 1. Paraffin based Transformer Oil 2. Naphtha based Transformer Oil Naphtha oil is more easily oxidized than Paraffin oil. Paraffin based oil obstruct the transformer cooling system. Although it has mentioned  disadvantage but still in our country it is generally used because of its easy availability.

8.  Various Type Of Oil Based On Colour 

9. Type of test conducted on Transformer oil Dissolved Gas Analyzer test Break Down Voltage Test Tan Delta & Resistivity Test Total Acidity Test Water Content Test Inter Facial Tension Test Furan Compounds Test.

10. WHAT IS FURAN? Furan is a hetero cyclic aromatic system consisting of 4 carbon and one oxygen in a five membered ring Molecular formula is C 4 H 4 O Structure of Furan Components

11. Insulation Paper Evaluation through DP Degree of Polymerization (DP): A measure of length of cellulose chains Value for fresh paper : 1000-1200 Value at End of life: 150-200

12. Paper Insulation Mechanism of Degradation Degradation is accelerated by temperature, water and oxygen Degradation by-products are: Water and Carbon oxides Furans Alcohols, acids and aromatic & aliphatic hydrocarbons

13. INSTRUMENTATION

14. FLOW DIAGRAM OF HPLC INSTRUMENTATION

15. CASE STUDY THROUGH SAMPLING OILS Case no :1 FOR LOW LEVEL PPB

16. CASE NO:2 MEDIUM LEVEL PPB

17. CASE NO:3 HIGH LEVEL PPB

18. Conclusion: REWIND / REPLACE SOLID INSULATION This value are above shown data is available IEEE In INDIA value are under study conducted by CPRI State of Transformer Oil Standard Value of PPB Normal 0 – 100 Questionable 101 – 250 Deteriorated 251 – 1000 Low Reliability – 2500 Rewind / Replace Solid Insulation >2500 The oil treatment is needed for keeping the transformer on good technical condition & helps to make better the solid and liquid insulation parameters.

19. REFERENCES L.Petersson , in “estimation of the remaining life of power Transformers and their insulation” 2. X.Chendong , F. Qiming , and X.Shiheng , in “to Estimate the Ageing status of Transformers by Furfural Concentration in the Oil”, CIGRE study committee 33 Colloquium, Leningrad, Moscow, 1991. 3. D.H Shroff and A.W. stannett , in “A Review of paper Ageing in power Transformers”, IEEE Proc., part c, vol. vol.132, pp. 312_319, 1985 4. S.Vijaya Kumari , G.R.Viswanath , Dheepalakshmi , K.Dwarakanath , A.K , in “ remaining life assessment of power transformers”, CENTRAL POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, BANGALORE, INDIA